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Amino Acid Flashcards: 20 Side-Chain Structures & Codes

Learn the 20 standard amino acids with 120 flashcards for side-chain recognition and drawing, plus one- and three-letter code recall in both directions.

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Kuhusu fungu hili

These amino acid flashcards train the 20 standard amino acids as six separate recall tasks. You’ll practice side-chain structure → amino-acid name, amino-acid name → side-chain drawing, amino-acid name → three-letter code, three-letter code → amino-acid name, amino-acid name → one-letter code, and one-letter code → amino-acid name. Each target has its own card, so remembering a code never hides a missed structure.

The structure cards show only the variable side chain. A small Cα attachment marker fixes the convention without turning the shared amino-acid backbone into another recognition task; proline also shows the side chain’s connection to the backbone nitrogen. The diagrams use one neutral connectivity convention. They do not test pH-dependent charge states or stereochemistry.

The fixed sequence introduces each structure before its drawing prompt and each code before its reverse lookup for the same amino acid. It interleaves all six directions, keeps every same-amino-acid variant at least three unrelated cards apart, and separates visually or code-confusable concepts. The review scheduler handles longer-term spacing after installation.

The deck deliberately leaves out side-chain class labels because classification schemes vary. It also excludes pKa values, charge-state tables, isoelectric points, codons, nutrition categories, full-backbone recognition, nonstandard amino acids and ambiguous sequence symbols, peptide-bond and protein-folding trivia, and exam, clinical, disease, supplement, dietary, or pronunciation material. Those mappings either vary by convention or belong outside this focused side-chain-and-code recall set.

IUPAC-IUB nomenclature recommendations, NCBI’s overview of amino acids and their side chains, and the NCBI amino-acid code table were used only to verify common-knowledge facts. All prompts, answers, selection, order, molecular diagrams, metadata, and cover composition were created independently. No source or competitor prose, images, screenshots, trade dress, or logos were copied. Facts are not claimed as proprietary. The original wording, organization, metadata, diagrams, and cover are dedicated under CC0 1.0 to the extent applicable rights exist.

Kadi za fungu hili

  1. Kadi namba 1

    Swali

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂ joined to a five-membered ring containing NH and N from the Cα attachment marker.

    Which amino acid has this side chain?

    Jibu

    Histidine — side chain: Cα–CH₂–imidazolyl.

  2. Kadi namba 2

    Swali

    Valine → three-letter code

    Jibu

    Val

  3. Kadi namba 3

    Swali

    Serine → one-letter code

    Jibu

    S

  4. Kadi namba 4

    Swali

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂–C(=O)–NH₂ from the Cα attachment marker.

    Which amino acid has this side chain?

    Jibu

    Asparagine — side chain: Cα–CH₂–C(=O)–NH₂.

  5. Kadi namba 5

    Swali

    Phenylalanine → three-letter code

    Jibu

    Phe

  6. Kadi namba 6

    Swali

    Lysine → one-letter code

    Jibu

    K

  7. Kadi namba 7

    Swali

    Side-chain diagram showing one CH₃ group bonded to the Cα attachment marker.

    Which amino acid has this side chain?

    Jibu

    Alanine — side chain: Cα–CH₃.

  8. Kadi namba 8

    Swali

    Isoleucine → three-letter code

    Jibu

    Ile

  9. Kadi namba 9

    Swali

    Cysteine → one-letter code

    Jibu

    C

  10. Kadi namba 10

    Swali

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂–C(=O)–OH from the Cα attachment marker.

    Which amino acid has this side chain?

    Jibu

    Aspartate — side chain: Cα–CH₂–C(=O)–OH.

  11. Kadi namba 11

    Swali

    Tyrosine → three-letter code

    Jibu

    Tyr

  12. Kadi namba 12

    Swali

    Arginine → one-letter code

    Jibu

    R

  13. Kadi namba 13

    Swali

    Side-chain diagram showing three CH₂ groups linking the Cα and Nα attachment markers.

    Which amino acid has this side chain?

    Jibu

    Proline — side chain: Cα–(CH₂)₃–Nα.

  14. Kadi namba 14

    Swali

    Leucine → three-letter code

    Jibu

    Leu

  15. Kadi namba 15

    Swali

    Threonine → one-letter code

    Jibu

    T

  16. Kadi namba 16

    Swali

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂–CH₂–C(=O)–NH₂ from the Cα attachment marker.

    Which amino acid has this side chain?

    Jibu

    Glutamine — side chain: Cα–CH₂–CH₂–C(=O)–NH₂.

  17. Kadi namba 17

    Swali

    Tryptophan → three-letter code

    Jibu

    Trp

  18. Kadi namba 18

    Swali

    Methionine → one-letter code

    Jibu

    M

  19. Kadi namba 19

    Swali

    Side-chain diagram showing a hydrogen bonded to the Cα attachment marker.

    Which amino acid has this side chain?

    Jibu

    Glycine — side chain: Cα–H.

  20. Kadi namba 20

    Swali

    Glutamate → three-letter code

    Jibu

    Glu

  21. Kadi namba 21

    Swali

    Val → amino-acid name

    Jibu

    Valine

  22. Kadi namba 22

    Swali

    S → amino-acid name

    Jibu

    Serine

  23. Kadi namba 23

    Swali

    Asparagine → three-letter code

    Jibu

    Asn

  24. Kadi namba 24

    Swali

    Phenylalanine → one-letter code

    Jibu

    F

  25. Kadi namba 25

    Swali

    Side-chain diagram showing (CH₂)₄–NH₂ from the Cα attachment marker.

    Which amino acid has this side chain?

    Jibu

    Lysine — side chain: Cα–(CH₂)₄–NH₂.

  26. Kadi namba 26

    Swali

    Alanine → draw or recall the side chain

    Jibu

    Side-chain diagram showing one CH₃ group bonded to the Cα attachment marker.

    Side chain: Cα–CH₃.

  27. Kadi namba 27

    Swali

    Ile → amino-acid name

    Jibu

    Isoleucine

  28. Kadi namba 28

    Swali

    C → amino-acid name

    Jibu

    Cysteine

  29. Kadi namba 29

    Swali

    Aspartate → three-letter code

    Jibu

    Asp

  30. Kadi namba 30

    Swali

    Tyrosine → one-letter code

    Jibu

    Y

  31. Kadi namba 31

    Swali

    Side-chain diagram showing (CH₂)₃–NH–C(=NH)–NH₂ from the Cα attachment marker.

    Which amino acid has this side chain?

    Jibu

    Arginine — side chain: Cα–(CH₂)₃–NH–C(=NH)–NH₂.

  32. Kadi namba 32

    Swali

    Proline → draw or recall the side chain

    Jibu

    Side-chain diagram showing three CH₂ groups linking the Cα and Nα attachment markers.

    Side chain: Cα–(CH₂)₃–Nα.

  33. Kadi namba 33

    Swali

    Leu → amino-acid name

    Jibu

    Leucine

  34. Kadi namba 34

    Swali

    T → amino-acid name

    Jibu

    Threonine

  35. Kadi namba 35

    Swali

    Glutamine → three-letter code

    Jibu

    Gln

  36. Kadi namba 36

    Swali

    Tryptophan → one-letter code

    Jibu

    W

  37. Kadi namba 37

    Swali

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂–CH₂–S–CH₃ from the Cα attachment marker.

    Which amino acid has this side chain?

    Jibu

    Methionine — side chain: Cα–CH₂–CH₂–S–CH₃.

  38. Kadi namba 38

    Swali

    Glycine → draw or recall the side chain

    Jibu

    Side-chain diagram showing a hydrogen bonded to the Cα attachment marker.

    Side chain: Cα–H.

  39. Kadi namba 39

    Swali

    Glu → amino-acid name

    Jibu

    Glutamate

  40. Kadi namba 40

    Swali

    Histidine → draw or recall the side chain

    Jibu

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂ joined to a five-membered ring containing NH and N from the Cα attachment marker.

    Side chain: Cα–CH₂–imidazolyl.

  41. Kadi namba 41

    Swali

    K → amino-acid name

    Jibu

    Lysine

  42. Kadi namba 42

    Swali

    Alanine → three-letter code

    Jibu

    Ala

  43. Kadi namba 43

    Swali

    Isoleucine → one-letter code

    Jibu

    I

  44. Kadi namba 44

    Swali

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂–SH from the Cα attachment marker.

    Which amino acid has this side chain?

    Jibu

    Cysteine — side chain: Cα–CH₂–SH.

  45. Kadi namba 45

    Swali

    Aspartate → draw or recall the side chain

    Jibu

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂–C(=O)–OH from the Cα attachment marker.

    Side chain: Cα–CH₂–C(=O)–OH.

  46. Kadi namba 46

    Swali

    Tyr → amino-acid name

    Jibu

    Tyrosine

  47. Kadi namba 47

    Swali

    R → amino-acid name

    Jibu

    Arginine

  48. Kadi namba 48

    Swali

    Proline → three-letter code

    Jibu

    Pro

  49. Kadi namba 49

    Swali

    Leucine → one-letter code

    Jibu

    L

  50. Kadi namba 50

    Swali

    Side-chain diagram showing CH bonded to OH and CH₃ from the Cα attachment marker.

    Which amino acid has this side chain?

    Jibu

    Threonine — side chain: Cα–CH(OH)–CH₃.

  51. Kadi namba 51

    Swali

    Glutamine → draw or recall the side chain

    Jibu

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂–CH₂–C(=O)–NH₂ from the Cα attachment marker.

    Side chain: Cα–CH₂–CH₂–C(=O)–NH₂.

  52. Kadi namba 52

    Swali

    Trp → amino-acid name

    Jibu

    Tryptophan

  53. Kadi namba 53

    Swali

    M → amino-acid name

    Jibu

    Methionine

  54. Kadi namba 54

    Swali

    Glycine → three-letter code

    Jibu

    Gly

  55. Kadi namba 55

    Swali

    Glutamate → one-letter code

    Jibu

    E

  56. Kadi namba 56

    Swali

    Histidine → three-letter code

    Jibu

    His

  57. Kadi namba 57

    Swali

    Valine → one-letter code

    Jibu

    V

  58. Kadi namba 58

    Swali

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂–OH from the Cα attachment marker.

    Which amino acid has this side chain?

    Jibu

    Serine — side chain: Cα–CH₂–OH.

  59. Kadi namba 59

    Swali

    Asparagine → draw or recall the side chain

    Jibu

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂–C(=O)–NH₂ from the Cα attachment marker.

    Side chain: Cα–CH₂–C(=O)–NH₂.

  60. Kadi namba 60

    Swali

    Phe → amino-acid name

    Jibu

    Phenylalanine

    Abstract molecular study scene with colorful ball-and-stick side-chain forms arranged around an open center.

    kadi 120

    Amino Acid Flashcards: 20 Side-Chain Structures & Codes

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  61. Kadi namba 61

    Swali

    I → amino-acid name

    Jibu

    Isoleucine

  62. Kadi namba 62

    Swali

    Cysteine → draw or recall the side chain

    Jibu

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂–SH from the Cα attachment marker.

    Side chain: Cα–CH₂–SH.

  63. Kadi namba 63

    Swali

    Aspartate → one-letter code

    Jibu

    D

  64. Kadi namba 64

    Swali

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂ joined to a six-membered ring with an opposite OH group from the Cα attachment marker.

    Which amino acid has this side chain?

    Jibu

    Tyrosine — side chain: Cα–CH₂–C₆H₄–OH (para).

  65. Kadi namba 65

    Swali

    Arginine → three-letter code

    Jibu

    Arg

  66. Kadi namba 66

    Swali

    Pro → amino-acid name

    Jibu

    Proline

  67. Kadi namba 67

    Swali

    L → amino-acid name

    Jibu

    Leucine

  68. Kadi namba 68

    Swali

    Threonine → draw or recall the side chain

    Jibu

    Side-chain diagram showing CH bonded to OH and CH₃ from the Cα attachment marker.

    Side chain: Cα–CH(OH)–CH₃.

  69. Kadi namba 69

    Swali

    Glutamine → one-letter code

    Jibu

    Q

  70. Kadi namba 70

    Swali

    Side-chain diagram showing the Cα attachment marker joined through CH₂ to position 3 of fused five- and six-membered rings containing NH.

    Which amino acid has this side chain?

    Jibu

    Tryptophan — side chain: Cα–CH₂–indol-3-yl.

  71. Kadi namba 71

    Swali

    Methionine → three-letter code

    Jibu

    Met

  72. Kadi namba 72

    Swali

    Gly → amino-acid name

    Jibu

    Glycine

  73. Kadi namba 73

    Swali

    E → amino-acid name

    Jibu

    Glutamate

  74. Kadi namba 74

    Swali

    His → amino-acid name

    Jibu

    Histidine

  75. Kadi namba 75

    Swali

    V → amino-acid name

    Jibu

    Valine

  76. Kadi namba 76

    Swali

    Serine → draw or recall the side chain

    Jibu

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂–OH from the Cα attachment marker.

    Side chain: Cα–CH₂–OH.

  77. Kadi namba 77

    Swali

    Asparagine → one-letter code

    Jibu

    N

  78. Kadi namba 78

    Swali

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂ joined to a six-membered ring with alternating double bonds from the Cα attachment marker.

    Which amino acid has this side chain?

    Jibu

    Phenylalanine — side chain: Cα–CH₂–C₆H₅.

  79. Kadi namba 79

    Swali

    Lysine → three-letter code

    Jibu

    Lys

  80. Kadi namba 80

    Swali

    Ala → amino-acid name

    Jibu

    Alanine

  81. Kadi namba 81

    Swali

    Proline → one-letter code

    Jibu

    P

  82. Kadi namba 82

    Swali

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂–CH with two terminal CH₃ branches from the Cα attachment marker.

    Which amino acid has this side chain?

    Jibu

    Leucine — side chain: Cα–CH₂–CH(CH₃)₂.

  83. Kadi namba 83

    Swali

    Threonine → three-letter code

    Jibu

    Thr

  84. Kadi namba 84

    Swali

    Gln → amino-acid name

    Jibu

    Glutamine

  85. Kadi namba 85

    Swali

    W → amino-acid name

    Jibu

    Tryptophan

  86. Kadi namba 86

    Swali

    Methionine → draw or recall the side chain

    Jibu

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂–CH₂–S–CH₃ from the Cα attachment marker.

    Side chain: Cα–CH₂–CH₂–S–CH₃.

  87. Kadi namba 87

    Swali

    Glycine → one-letter code

    Jibu

    G

  88. Kadi namba 88

    Swali

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂–CH₂–C(=O)–OH from the Cα attachment marker.

    Which amino acid has this side chain?

    Jibu

    Glutamate — side chain: Cα–CH₂–CH₂–C(=O)–OH.

  89. Kadi namba 89

    Swali

    Histidine → one-letter code

    Jibu

    H

  90. Kadi namba 90

    Swali

    Side-chain diagram showing CH bonded to two CH₃ branches from the Cα attachment marker.

    Which amino acid has this side chain?

    Jibu

    Valine — side chain: Cα–CH(CH₃)₂.

  91. Kadi namba 91

    Swali

    Serine → three-letter code

    Jibu

    Ser

  92. Kadi namba 92

    Swali

    Asn → amino-acid name

    Jibu

    Asparagine

  93. Kadi namba 93

    Swali

    F → amino-acid name

    Jibu

    Phenylalanine

  94. Kadi namba 94

    Swali

    Lysine → draw or recall the side chain

    Jibu

    Side-chain diagram showing (CH₂)₄–NH₂ from the Cα attachment marker.

    Side chain: Cα–(CH₂)₄–NH₂.

  95. Kadi namba 95

    Swali

    Alanine → one-letter code

    Jibu

    A

  96. Kadi namba 96

    Swali

    Side-chain diagram showing CH with one CH₃ branch and one CH₂–CH₃ branch from the Cα attachment marker.

    Which amino acid has this side chain?

    Jibu

    Isoleucine — side chain: Cα–CH(CH₃)–CH₂–CH₃.

  97. Kadi namba 97

    Swali

    Cysteine → three-letter code

    Jibu

    Cys

  98. Kadi namba 98

    Swali

    Asp → amino-acid name

    Jibu

    Aspartate

  99. Kadi namba 99

    Swali

    Y → amino-acid name

    Jibu

    Tyrosine

  100. Kadi namba 100

    Swali

    Arginine → draw or recall the side chain

    Jibu

    Side-chain diagram showing (CH₂)₃–NH–C(=NH)–NH₂ from the Cα attachment marker.

    Side chain: Cα–(CH₂)₃–NH–C(=NH)–NH₂.

  101. Kadi namba 101

    Swali

    Ser → amino-acid name

    Jibu

    Serine

  102. Kadi namba 102

    Swali

    N → amino-acid name

    Jibu

    Asparagine

  103. Kadi namba 103

    Swali

    Phenylalanine → draw or recall the side chain

    Jibu

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂ joined to a six-membered ring with alternating double bonds from the Cα attachment marker.

    Side chain: Cα–CH₂–C₆H₅.

  104. Kadi namba 104

    Swali

    Lys → amino-acid name

    Jibu

    Lysine

  105. Kadi namba 105

    Swali

    A → amino-acid name

    Jibu

    Alanine

  106. Kadi namba 106

    Swali

    Isoleucine → draw or recall the side chain

    Jibu

    Side-chain diagram showing CH with one CH₃ branch and one CH₂–CH₃ branch from the Cα attachment marker.

    Side chain: Cα–CH(CH₃)–CH₂–CH₃.

  107. Kadi namba 107

    Swali

    Cys → amino-acid name

    Jibu

    Cysteine

  108. Kadi namba 108

    Swali

    D → amino-acid name

    Jibu

    Aspartate

  109. Kadi namba 109

    Swali

    Tyrosine → draw or recall the side chain

    Jibu

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂ joined to a six-membered ring with an opposite OH group from the Cα attachment marker.

    Side chain: Cα–CH₂–C₆H₄–OH (para).

  110. Kadi namba 110

    Swali

    Arg → amino-acid name

    Jibu

    Arginine

  111. Kadi namba 111

    Swali

    P → amino-acid name

    Jibu

    Proline

  112. Kadi namba 112

    Swali

    Leucine → draw or recall the side chain

    Jibu

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂–CH with two terminal CH₃ branches from the Cα attachment marker.

    Side chain: Cα–CH₂–CH(CH₃)₂.

  113. Kadi namba 113

    Swali

    Thr → amino-acid name

    Jibu

    Threonine

  114. Kadi namba 114

    Swali

    Q → amino-acid name

    Jibu

    Glutamine

  115. Kadi namba 115

    Swali

    Tryptophan → draw or recall the side chain

    Jibu

    Side-chain diagram showing the Cα attachment marker joined through CH₂ to position 3 of fused five- and six-membered rings containing NH.

    Side chain: Cα–CH₂–indol-3-yl.

  116. Kadi namba 116

    Swali

    Met → amino-acid name

    Jibu

    Methionine

  117. Kadi namba 117

    Swali

    G → amino-acid name

    Jibu

    Glycine

  118. Kadi namba 118

    Swali

    Glutamate → draw or recall the side chain

    Jibu

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂–CH₂–C(=O)–OH from the Cα attachment marker.

    Side chain: Cα–CH₂–CH₂–C(=O)–OH.

  119. Kadi namba 119

    Swali

    H → amino-acid name

    Jibu

    Histidine

  120. Kadi namba 120

    Swali

    Valine → draw or recall the side chain

    Jibu

    Side-chain diagram showing CH bonded to two CH₃ branches from the Cα attachment marker.

    Side chain: Cα–CH(CH₃)₂.

Abstract molecular study scene with colorful ball-and-stick side-chain forms arranged around an open center.

kadi 120

Amino Acid Flashcards: 20 Side-Chain Structures & Codes

Soma fungu hili bila malipo

Nibomo itafunguka ili uanze kusoma.