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Amino Acid Flashcards: 20 Side-Chain Structures & Codes

Learn the 20 standard amino acids with 120 flashcards for side-chain recognition and drawing, plus one- and three-letter code recall in both directions.

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These amino acid flashcards train the 20 standard amino acids as six separate recall tasks. You’ll practice side-chain structure → amino-acid name, amino-acid name → side-chain drawing, amino-acid name → three-letter code, three-letter code → amino-acid name, amino-acid name → one-letter code, and one-letter code → amino-acid name. Each target has its own card, so remembering a code never hides a missed structure.

The structure cards show only the variable side chain. A small Cα attachment marker fixes the convention without turning the shared amino-acid backbone into another recognition task; proline also shows the side chain’s connection to the backbone nitrogen. The diagrams use one neutral connectivity convention. They do not test pH-dependent charge states or stereochemistry.

The fixed sequence introduces each structure before its drawing prompt and each code before its reverse lookup for the same amino acid. It interleaves all six directions, keeps every same-amino-acid variant at least three unrelated cards apart, and separates visually or code-confusable concepts. The review scheduler handles longer-term spacing after installation.

The deck deliberately leaves out side-chain class labels because classification schemes vary. It also excludes pKa values, charge-state tables, isoelectric points, codons, nutrition categories, full-backbone recognition, nonstandard amino acids and ambiguous sequence symbols, peptide-bond and protein-folding trivia, and exam, clinical, disease, supplement, dietary, or pronunciation material. Those mappings either vary by convention or belong outside this focused side-chain-and-code recall set.

IUPAC-IUB nomenclature recommendations, NCBI’s overview of amino acids and their side chains, and the NCBI amino-acid code table were used only to verify common-knowledge facts. All prompts, answers, selection, order, molecular diagrams, metadata, and cover composition were created independently. No source or competitor prose, images, screenshots, trade dress, or logos were copied. Facts are not claimed as proprietary. The original wording, organization, metadata, diagrams, and cover are dedicated under CC0 1.0 to the extent applicable rights exist.

Amakhadi akuleli qoqo

  1. Ikhadi 1

    Umbuzo

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂ joined to a five-membered ring containing NH and N from the Cα attachment marker.

    Which amino acid has this side chain?

    Impendulo

    Histidine — side chain: Cα–CH₂–imidazolyl.

  2. Ikhadi 2

    Umbuzo

    Valine → three-letter code

    Impendulo

    Val

  3. Ikhadi 3

    Umbuzo

    Serine → one-letter code

    Impendulo

    S

  4. Ikhadi 4

    Umbuzo

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂–C(=O)–NH₂ from the Cα attachment marker.

    Which amino acid has this side chain?

    Impendulo

    Asparagine — side chain: Cα–CH₂–C(=O)–NH₂.

  5. Ikhadi 5

    Umbuzo

    Phenylalanine → three-letter code

    Impendulo

    Phe

  6. Ikhadi 6

    Umbuzo

    Lysine → one-letter code

    Impendulo

    K

  7. Ikhadi 7

    Umbuzo

    Side-chain diagram showing one CH₃ group bonded to the Cα attachment marker.

    Which amino acid has this side chain?

    Impendulo

    Alanine — side chain: Cα–CH₃.

  8. Ikhadi 8

    Umbuzo

    Isoleucine → three-letter code

    Impendulo

    Ile

  9. Ikhadi 9

    Umbuzo

    Cysteine → one-letter code

    Impendulo

    C

  10. Ikhadi 10

    Umbuzo

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂–C(=O)–OH from the Cα attachment marker.

    Which amino acid has this side chain?

    Impendulo

    Aspartate — side chain: Cα–CH₂–C(=O)–OH.

  11. Ikhadi 11

    Umbuzo

    Tyrosine → three-letter code

    Impendulo

    Tyr

  12. Ikhadi 12

    Umbuzo

    Arginine → one-letter code

    Impendulo

    R

  13. Ikhadi 13

    Umbuzo

    Side-chain diagram showing three CH₂ groups linking the Cα and Nα attachment markers.

    Which amino acid has this side chain?

    Impendulo

    Proline — side chain: Cα–(CH₂)₃–Nα.

  14. Ikhadi 14

    Umbuzo

    Leucine → three-letter code

    Impendulo

    Leu

  15. Ikhadi 15

    Umbuzo

    Threonine → one-letter code

    Impendulo

    T

  16. Ikhadi 16

    Umbuzo

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂–CH₂–C(=O)–NH₂ from the Cα attachment marker.

    Which amino acid has this side chain?

    Impendulo

    Glutamine — side chain: Cα–CH₂–CH₂–C(=O)–NH₂.

  17. Ikhadi 17

    Umbuzo

    Tryptophan → three-letter code

    Impendulo

    Trp

  18. Ikhadi 18

    Umbuzo

    Methionine → one-letter code

    Impendulo

    M

  19. Ikhadi 19

    Umbuzo

    Side-chain diagram showing a hydrogen bonded to the Cα attachment marker.

    Which amino acid has this side chain?

    Impendulo

    Glycine — side chain: Cα–H.

  20. Ikhadi 20

    Umbuzo

    Glutamate → three-letter code

    Impendulo

    Glu

  21. Ikhadi 21

    Umbuzo

    Val → amino-acid name

    Impendulo

    Valine

  22. Ikhadi 22

    Umbuzo

    S → amino-acid name

    Impendulo

    Serine

  23. Ikhadi 23

    Umbuzo

    Asparagine → three-letter code

    Impendulo

    Asn

  24. Ikhadi 24

    Umbuzo

    Phenylalanine → one-letter code

    Impendulo

    F

  25. Ikhadi 25

    Umbuzo

    Side-chain diagram showing (CH₂)₄–NH₂ from the Cα attachment marker.

    Which amino acid has this side chain?

    Impendulo

    Lysine — side chain: Cα–(CH₂)₄–NH₂.

  26. Ikhadi 26

    Umbuzo

    Alanine → draw or recall the side chain

    Impendulo

    Side-chain diagram showing one CH₃ group bonded to the Cα attachment marker.

    Side chain: Cα–CH₃.

  27. Ikhadi 27

    Umbuzo

    Ile → amino-acid name

    Impendulo

    Isoleucine

  28. Ikhadi 28

    Umbuzo

    C → amino-acid name

    Impendulo

    Cysteine

  29. Ikhadi 29

    Umbuzo

    Aspartate → three-letter code

    Impendulo

    Asp

  30. Ikhadi 30

    Umbuzo

    Tyrosine → one-letter code

    Impendulo

    Y

  31. Ikhadi 31

    Umbuzo

    Side-chain diagram showing (CH₂)₃–NH–C(=NH)–NH₂ from the Cα attachment marker.

    Which amino acid has this side chain?

    Impendulo

    Arginine — side chain: Cα–(CH₂)₃–NH–C(=NH)–NH₂.

  32. Ikhadi 32

    Umbuzo

    Proline → draw or recall the side chain

    Impendulo

    Side-chain diagram showing three CH₂ groups linking the Cα and Nα attachment markers.

    Side chain: Cα–(CH₂)₃–Nα.

  33. Ikhadi 33

    Umbuzo

    Leu → amino-acid name

    Impendulo

    Leucine

  34. Ikhadi 34

    Umbuzo

    T → amino-acid name

    Impendulo

    Threonine

  35. Ikhadi 35

    Umbuzo

    Glutamine → three-letter code

    Impendulo

    Gln

  36. Ikhadi 36

    Umbuzo

    Tryptophan → one-letter code

    Impendulo

    W

  37. Ikhadi 37

    Umbuzo

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂–CH₂–S–CH₃ from the Cα attachment marker.

    Which amino acid has this side chain?

    Impendulo

    Methionine — side chain: Cα–CH₂–CH₂–S–CH₃.

  38. Ikhadi 38

    Umbuzo

    Glycine → draw or recall the side chain

    Impendulo

    Side-chain diagram showing a hydrogen bonded to the Cα attachment marker.

    Side chain: Cα–H.

  39. Ikhadi 39

    Umbuzo

    Glu → amino-acid name

    Impendulo

    Glutamate

  40. Ikhadi 40

    Umbuzo

    Histidine → draw or recall the side chain

    Impendulo

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂ joined to a five-membered ring containing NH and N from the Cα attachment marker.

    Side chain: Cα–CH₂–imidazolyl.

  41. Ikhadi 41

    Umbuzo

    K → amino-acid name

    Impendulo

    Lysine

  42. Ikhadi 42

    Umbuzo

    Alanine → three-letter code

    Impendulo

    Ala

  43. Ikhadi 43

    Umbuzo

    Isoleucine → one-letter code

    Impendulo

    I

  44. Ikhadi 44

    Umbuzo

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂–SH from the Cα attachment marker.

    Which amino acid has this side chain?

    Impendulo

    Cysteine — side chain: Cα–CH₂–SH.

  45. Ikhadi 45

    Umbuzo

    Aspartate → draw or recall the side chain

    Impendulo

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂–C(=O)–OH from the Cα attachment marker.

    Side chain: Cα–CH₂–C(=O)–OH.

  46. Ikhadi 46

    Umbuzo

    Tyr → amino-acid name

    Impendulo

    Tyrosine

  47. Ikhadi 47

    Umbuzo

    R → amino-acid name

    Impendulo

    Arginine

  48. Ikhadi 48

    Umbuzo

    Proline → three-letter code

    Impendulo

    Pro

  49. Ikhadi 49

    Umbuzo

    Leucine → one-letter code

    Impendulo

    L

  50. Ikhadi 50

    Umbuzo

    Side-chain diagram showing CH bonded to OH and CH₃ from the Cα attachment marker.

    Which amino acid has this side chain?

    Impendulo

    Threonine — side chain: Cα–CH(OH)–CH₃.

  51. Ikhadi 51

    Umbuzo

    Glutamine → draw or recall the side chain

    Impendulo

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂–CH₂–C(=O)–NH₂ from the Cα attachment marker.

    Side chain: Cα–CH₂–CH₂–C(=O)–NH₂.

  52. Ikhadi 52

    Umbuzo

    Trp → amino-acid name

    Impendulo

    Tryptophan

  53. Ikhadi 53

    Umbuzo

    M → amino-acid name

    Impendulo

    Methionine

  54. Ikhadi 54

    Umbuzo

    Glycine → three-letter code

    Impendulo

    Gly

  55. Ikhadi 55

    Umbuzo

    Glutamate → one-letter code

    Impendulo

    E

  56. Ikhadi 56

    Umbuzo

    Histidine → three-letter code

    Impendulo

    His

  57. Ikhadi 57

    Umbuzo

    Valine → one-letter code

    Impendulo

    V

  58. Ikhadi 58

    Umbuzo

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂–OH from the Cα attachment marker.

    Which amino acid has this side chain?

    Impendulo

    Serine — side chain: Cα–CH₂–OH.

  59. Ikhadi 59

    Umbuzo

    Asparagine → draw or recall the side chain

    Impendulo

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂–C(=O)–NH₂ from the Cα attachment marker.

    Side chain: Cα–CH₂–C(=O)–NH₂.

  60. Ikhadi 60

    Umbuzo

    Phe → amino-acid name

    Impendulo

    Phenylalanine

    Abstract molecular study scene with colorful ball-and-stick side-chain forms arranged around an open center.

    amakhadi angu-120

    Amino Acid Flashcards: 20 Side-Chain Structures & Codes

    Funda leli qoqo mahhala

    I-Nibomo iyavuleka ukuze uqale ukufunda.

  61. Ikhadi 61

    Umbuzo

    I → amino-acid name

    Impendulo

    Isoleucine

  62. Ikhadi 62

    Umbuzo

    Cysteine → draw or recall the side chain

    Impendulo

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂–SH from the Cα attachment marker.

    Side chain: Cα–CH₂–SH.

  63. Ikhadi 63

    Umbuzo

    Aspartate → one-letter code

    Impendulo

    D

  64. Ikhadi 64

    Umbuzo

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂ joined to a six-membered ring with an opposite OH group from the Cα attachment marker.

    Which amino acid has this side chain?

    Impendulo

    Tyrosine — side chain: Cα–CH₂–C₆H₄–OH (para).

  65. Ikhadi 65

    Umbuzo

    Arginine → three-letter code

    Impendulo

    Arg

  66. Ikhadi 66

    Umbuzo

    Pro → amino-acid name

    Impendulo

    Proline

  67. Ikhadi 67

    Umbuzo

    L → amino-acid name

    Impendulo

    Leucine

  68. Ikhadi 68

    Umbuzo

    Threonine → draw or recall the side chain

    Impendulo

    Side-chain diagram showing CH bonded to OH and CH₃ from the Cα attachment marker.

    Side chain: Cα–CH(OH)–CH₃.

  69. Ikhadi 69

    Umbuzo

    Glutamine → one-letter code

    Impendulo

    Q

  70. Ikhadi 70

    Umbuzo

    Side-chain diagram showing the Cα attachment marker joined through CH₂ to position 3 of fused five- and six-membered rings containing NH.

    Which amino acid has this side chain?

    Impendulo

    Tryptophan — side chain: Cα–CH₂–indol-3-yl.

  71. Ikhadi 71

    Umbuzo

    Methionine → three-letter code

    Impendulo

    Met

  72. Ikhadi 72

    Umbuzo

    Gly → amino-acid name

    Impendulo

    Glycine

  73. Ikhadi 73

    Umbuzo

    E → amino-acid name

    Impendulo

    Glutamate

  74. Ikhadi 74

    Umbuzo

    His → amino-acid name

    Impendulo

    Histidine

  75. Ikhadi 75

    Umbuzo

    V → amino-acid name

    Impendulo

    Valine

  76. Ikhadi 76

    Umbuzo

    Serine → draw or recall the side chain

    Impendulo

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂–OH from the Cα attachment marker.

    Side chain: Cα–CH₂–OH.

  77. Ikhadi 77

    Umbuzo

    Asparagine → one-letter code

    Impendulo

    N

  78. Ikhadi 78

    Umbuzo

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂ joined to a six-membered ring with alternating double bonds from the Cα attachment marker.

    Which amino acid has this side chain?

    Impendulo

    Phenylalanine — side chain: Cα–CH₂–C₆H₅.

  79. Ikhadi 79

    Umbuzo

    Lysine → three-letter code

    Impendulo

    Lys

  80. Ikhadi 80

    Umbuzo

    Ala → amino-acid name

    Impendulo

    Alanine

  81. Ikhadi 81

    Umbuzo

    Proline → one-letter code

    Impendulo

    P

  82. Ikhadi 82

    Umbuzo

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂–CH with two terminal CH₃ branches from the Cα attachment marker.

    Which amino acid has this side chain?

    Impendulo

    Leucine — side chain: Cα–CH₂–CH(CH₃)₂.

  83. Ikhadi 83

    Umbuzo

    Threonine → three-letter code

    Impendulo

    Thr

  84. Ikhadi 84

    Umbuzo

    Gln → amino-acid name

    Impendulo

    Glutamine

  85. Ikhadi 85

    Umbuzo

    W → amino-acid name

    Impendulo

    Tryptophan

  86. Ikhadi 86

    Umbuzo

    Methionine → draw or recall the side chain

    Impendulo

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂–CH₂–S–CH₃ from the Cα attachment marker.

    Side chain: Cα–CH₂–CH₂–S–CH₃.

  87. Ikhadi 87

    Umbuzo

    Glycine → one-letter code

    Impendulo

    G

  88. Ikhadi 88

    Umbuzo

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂–CH₂–C(=O)–OH from the Cα attachment marker.

    Which amino acid has this side chain?

    Impendulo

    Glutamate — side chain: Cα–CH₂–CH₂–C(=O)–OH.

  89. Ikhadi 89

    Umbuzo

    Histidine → one-letter code

    Impendulo

    H

  90. Ikhadi 90

    Umbuzo

    Side-chain diagram showing CH bonded to two CH₃ branches from the Cα attachment marker.

    Which amino acid has this side chain?

    Impendulo

    Valine — side chain: Cα–CH(CH₃)₂.

  91. Ikhadi 91

    Umbuzo

    Serine → three-letter code

    Impendulo

    Ser

  92. Ikhadi 92

    Umbuzo

    Asn → amino-acid name

    Impendulo

    Asparagine

  93. Ikhadi 93

    Umbuzo

    F → amino-acid name

    Impendulo

    Phenylalanine

  94. Ikhadi 94

    Umbuzo

    Lysine → draw or recall the side chain

    Impendulo

    Side-chain diagram showing (CH₂)₄–NH₂ from the Cα attachment marker.

    Side chain: Cα–(CH₂)₄–NH₂.

  95. Ikhadi 95

    Umbuzo

    Alanine → one-letter code

    Impendulo

    A

  96. Ikhadi 96

    Umbuzo

    Side-chain diagram showing CH with one CH₃ branch and one CH₂–CH₃ branch from the Cα attachment marker.

    Which amino acid has this side chain?

    Impendulo

    Isoleucine — side chain: Cα–CH(CH₃)–CH₂–CH₃.

  97. Ikhadi 97

    Umbuzo

    Cysteine → three-letter code

    Impendulo

    Cys

  98. Ikhadi 98

    Umbuzo

    Asp → amino-acid name

    Impendulo

    Aspartate

  99. Ikhadi 99

    Umbuzo

    Y → amino-acid name

    Impendulo

    Tyrosine

  100. Ikhadi 100

    Umbuzo

    Arginine → draw or recall the side chain

    Impendulo

    Side-chain diagram showing (CH₂)₃–NH–C(=NH)–NH₂ from the Cα attachment marker.

    Side chain: Cα–(CH₂)₃–NH–C(=NH)–NH₂.

  101. Ikhadi 101

    Umbuzo

    Ser → amino-acid name

    Impendulo

    Serine

  102. Ikhadi 102

    Umbuzo

    N → amino-acid name

    Impendulo

    Asparagine

  103. Ikhadi 103

    Umbuzo

    Phenylalanine → draw or recall the side chain

    Impendulo

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂ joined to a six-membered ring with alternating double bonds from the Cα attachment marker.

    Side chain: Cα–CH₂–C₆H₅.

  104. Ikhadi 104

    Umbuzo

    Lys → amino-acid name

    Impendulo

    Lysine

  105. Ikhadi 105

    Umbuzo

    A → amino-acid name

    Impendulo

    Alanine

  106. Ikhadi 106

    Umbuzo

    Isoleucine → draw or recall the side chain

    Impendulo

    Side-chain diagram showing CH with one CH₃ branch and one CH₂–CH₃ branch from the Cα attachment marker.

    Side chain: Cα–CH(CH₃)–CH₂–CH₃.

  107. Ikhadi 107

    Umbuzo

    Cys → amino-acid name

    Impendulo

    Cysteine

  108. Ikhadi 108

    Umbuzo

    D → amino-acid name

    Impendulo

    Aspartate

  109. Ikhadi 109

    Umbuzo

    Tyrosine → draw or recall the side chain

    Impendulo

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂ joined to a six-membered ring with an opposite OH group from the Cα attachment marker.

    Side chain: Cα–CH₂–C₆H₄–OH (para).

  110. Ikhadi 110

    Umbuzo

    Arg → amino-acid name

    Impendulo

    Arginine

  111. Ikhadi 111

    Umbuzo

    P → amino-acid name

    Impendulo

    Proline

  112. Ikhadi 112

    Umbuzo

    Leucine → draw or recall the side chain

    Impendulo

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂–CH with two terminal CH₃ branches from the Cα attachment marker.

    Side chain: Cα–CH₂–CH(CH₃)₂.

  113. Ikhadi 113

    Umbuzo

    Thr → amino-acid name

    Impendulo

    Threonine

  114. Ikhadi 114

    Umbuzo

    Q → amino-acid name

    Impendulo

    Glutamine

  115. Ikhadi 115

    Umbuzo

    Tryptophan → draw or recall the side chain

    Impendulo

    Side-chain diagram showing the Cα attachment marker joined through CH₂ to position 3 of fused five- and six-membered rings containing NH.

    Side chain: Cα–CH₂–indol-3-yl.

  116. Ikhadi 116

    Umbuzo

    Met → amino-acid name

    Impendulo

    Methionine

  117. Ikhadi 117

    Umbuzo

    G → amino-acid name

    Impendulo

    Glycine

  118. Ikhadi 118

    Umbuzo

    Glutamate → draw or recall the side chain

    Impendulo

    Side-chain diagram showing CH₂–CH₂–C(=O)–OH from the Cα attachment marker.

    Side chain: Cα–CH₂–CH₂–C(=O)–OH.

  119. Ikhadi 119

    Umbuzo

    H → amino-acid name

    Impendulo

    Histidine

  120. Ikhadi 120

    Umbuzo

    Valine → draw or recall the side chain

    Impendulo

    Side-chain diagram showing CH bonded to two CH₃ branches from the Cα attachment marker.

    Side chain: Cα–CH(CH₃)₂.

Abstract molecular study scene with colorful ball-and-stick side-chain forms arranged around an open center.

amakhadi angu-120

Amino Acid Flashcards: 20 Side-Chain Structures & Codes

Funda leli qoqo mahhala

I-Nibomo iyavuleka ukuze uqale ukufunda.