Relative vs Parallel Minor Flashcards: Scale Spelling & Repairs
Practice relative and parallel minor with mixed key relationships, natural-minor note changes, accidental repairs, and checks on what a signature can tell you.
เกี่ยวกับชุดการ์ดนี้
Keeping the tonic and keeping the signature lead to different minor keys. These 48 text-only cards help you choose the relationship first, then spell or repair the note it requires.
The cards practice four mappings:
- A request or supplied key pair → relative, parallel, or neither, with the preserved feature explained.
- A supplied major or natural-minor scale → one degree in the parallel scale. Both directions are included, with sharp cancellation and spellings such as E♯, B♯, C♭, and F♭.
- One faulty key name, accidental, note spelling, or signature claim → a precisely constrained repair.
- A signature or limited tonal evidence → what you can conclude, including why a local harmonic-minor seventh doesn’t change the underlying relative key.
Six short anchors introduce the rules before the mixed practice. Common note changes come before the less familiar sharp and flat spellings; related examples and inverse prompts are separated by at least three other cards. The review scheduler handles longer-term spacing after installation. Each prompt includes its own key or scale context.
This is written practice for beginning instrumentalists and theory learners who already recognize note names. It leaves out ear training, complete scale grids, all 15 relative-pair lookups, theoretical signatures, double accidentals, and harmony or modulation exercises. The Circle of Fifths deck covers the full relative-pair lookup; Major & Minor Key Signatures practices written staff signatures; Music Intervals covers interval recall.
For worked explanations, read Relative vs Parallel Minor. The Music Theory Flashcards guide helps plan broader practice.
These questions, answers, examples, sequence, metadata, and decorative AI-generated cover were independently authored. Common music facts were checked against the University of Puget Sound’s Minor Key Signatures and Minor Scales. Their protected wording, exercises, notation, and figures were not adapted; no examination questions, competitor cards, or third-party media were copied. CC0 1.0 applies to the original elements to the extent applicable rights exist, without claiming ownership of musical facts. This independent deck has no examination or curriculum alignment.
การ์ดในชุดการ์ดนี้
การ์ด 1
คำถาม
A major key and its relative minor preserve which written feature?
คำตอบ
The key signature. The minor tonic is major’s degree 6; the major tonic is natural minor’s degree 3. The tonic changes, while the natural-minor notes use the shared signature.
การ์ด 2
คำถาม
When changing one scale degree from major to parallel natural minor, what must stay the same in that degree’s written note?
คำตอบ
Its letter name. Change the accidental by a semitone when needed; replacing the letter can break the scale spelling.
การ์ด 3
คำถาม
Which degrees change when a major scale becomes its parallel natural minor, and by how much?
คำตอบ
Lower degrees 3, 6, and 7 by one semitone each. Degrees 1, 2, 4, and 5 stay the same.
การ์ด 4
คำถาม
A key answer says only “B♭.” What extra word is needed to identify the key’s mode?
คำตอบ
Major or minor. “B♭ major” and “B♭ minor” name different keys.
การ์ด 5
คำถาม
Which form of a minor scale supplies the notes represented by its key signature?
คำตอบ
Natural minor. Raised degrees in harmonic or melodic minor are written as local accidentals.
การ์ด 6
คำถาม
A major key and its parallel minor preserve what about their tonic?
คำตอบ
The same tonic, including its accidental. Only the mode changes in the key name.
การ์ด 7
คำถาม
E major has degree 6 C♯. You need a minor key with E major’s key signature. Which key fits?
คำตอบ
C♯ minor. The request preserves the signature, so choose the relative minor from degree 6.
การ์ด 8
คำถาม
F major: F–G–A–B♭–C–D–E. What is degree 6 in its parallel natural minor?
คำตอบ
D♭. Lower the major-scale D by one semitone and keep the D letter.
การ์ด 9
คำถาม
E major: E–F♯–G♯–A–B–C♯–D♯. What is degree 3 in E natural minor?
คำตอบ
G. Lower G♯ by one semitone; the sharp disappears.
การ์ด 10
คำถาม
B major’s degree 7 is A♯. A learner writes A♭ for degree 7 of B natural minor. Replace only that note.
คำตอบ
A. Lowering A♯ by one semitone gives A, not A♭.
การ์ด 11
คำถาม
B minor and B major: relative, parallel, or neither?
คำตอบ
Parallel. Both have tonic B, with different modes.
การ์ด 12
คำถาม
A piece’s key signature contains B♭ and E♭. Among major and minor keys, what candidates does that signature give you?
คำตอบ
B♭ major and G minor. The signature alone doesn’t choose between those tonal centers.
การ์ด 13
คำถาม
B♭ major: B♭–C–D–E♭–F–G–A. What is degree 7 in B♭ natural minor?
คำตอบ
A♭. Lower A by one semitone, keeping the A letter.
การ์ด 14
คำถาม
F major and D minor each have one flat, B♭. Are they relative or parallel?
คำตอบ
Relative. Their signatures match and their tonics differ.
การ์ด 15
คำถาม
A learner names F minor as the parallel minor of F♯ major. Keep the requested relationship and repair only the key name.
คำตอบ
F♯ minor. A parallel key keeps the entire tonic name, including ♯.
การ์ด 16
คำถาม
C natural minor: C–D–E♭–F–G–A♭–B♭. What is degree 3 in its parallel major?
คำตอบ
E. Raise E♭ by one semitone to restore the major third.
การ์ด 17
คำถาม
You start in E minor and need a major key with the same tonic. Which key do you choose?
คำตอบ
E major. Keeping the tonic makes this a parallel relationship.
การ์ด 18
คำถาม
F♯ major: F♯–G♯–A♯–B–C♯–D♯–E♯. What is degree 6 in F♯ natural minor?
คำตอบ
D. Lower D♯ by one semitone, preserving its letter.
การ์ด 19
คำถาม
A melody ends on A. With no signature or harmonic context supplied, does that last note prove A minor?
คำตอบ
No. A final A alone doesn’t establish the tonal center or mode; examine the surrounding melody and harmony.
การ์ด 20
คำถาม
E♭ major’s degree 6 is C. For E♭ natural minor, a learner writes B because it sounds like the needed pitch in equal temperament. Repair only the degree-6 spelling.
คำตอบ
C♭. Lower C by one semitone and retain the degree’s C letter.
การ์ด 21
คำถาม
G major and E minor both use F♯ in their signatures. How are these two keys related?
คำตอบ
Relative. They share a signature while using different tonics and modes.
การ์ด 22
คำถาม
A♭ natural minor: A♭–B♭–C♭–D♭–E♭–F♭–G♭. What is degree 7 in A♭ major?
คำตอบ
G. Raise G♭ by one semitone; the letter stays G.
การ์ด 23
คำถาม
G natural minor begins G–A–B♭. A learner calls G major its relative major. Keep the relative relationship and repair the key name.
คำตอบ
B♭ major. The relative major starts on natural minor’s third degree, B♭.
การ์ด 24
คำถาม
A major: A–B–C♯–D–E–F♯–G♯. What is degree 3 in A natural minor?
คำตอบ
C. Lower C♯ by one semitone; don’t add a flat after cancelling the sharp.
การ์ด 25
คำถาม
C major has no signature accidentals; G minor has B♭ and E♭. Are these keys relative, parallel, or neither?
คำตอบ
Neither. Their signatures differ, and C and G are different tonics.
การ์ด 26
คำถาม
In B minor, A♯ appears as the raised seventh of harmonic minor. Does that make A♯ part of B minor’s key signature?
คำตอบ
No. B minor’s signature still has F♯ and C♯; A♯ is a local alteration of the natural-minor A.
การ์ด 27
คำถาม
E♭ natural minor: E♭–F–G♭–A♭–B♭–C♭–D♭. What is degree 6 in E♭ major?
คำตอบ
C. Raise C♭ by one semitone to restore the major sixth.
การ์ด 28
คำถาม
C natural minor’s degree 6 is A♭. A learner lowers it again to build C major. What note should replace that attempted degree 6?
คำตอบ
A. Moving from natural minor to parallel major raises degree 6 by one semitone.
การ์ด 29
คำถาม
C♯ major: C♯–D♯–E♯–F♯–G♯–A♯–B♯. Which minor key keeps that scale’s tonic?
คำตอบ
C♯ minor. The tonic stays C♯ in the parallel minor, even though the signature changes.
การ์ด 30
คำถาม
E major: E–F♯–G♯–A–B–C♯–D♯. What is degree 7 in E natural minor?
คำตอบ
D. Lower D♯ by one semitone; E natural minor uses D natural.
การ์ด 31
คำถาม
F major’s degree 3 is A. A learner uses G♯ for degree 3 of F natural minor. Keep the intended pitch in equal temperament and repair only its spelling.
คำตอบ
A♭. Degree 3 needs the letter A; G♯ would repeat the second degree’s G letter.
การ์ด 32
คำถาม
B♭ natural minor begins B♭–C–D♭. Which major key shares its signature?
คำตอบ
D♭ major. The third degree supplies the relative major tonic; both keys have five flats.
การ์ด 33
คำถาม
C♯ natural minor: C♯–D♯–E–F♯–G♯–A–B. What is degree 3 in C♯ major?
คำตอบ
E♯. Raise E by one semitone and keep the E letter, even though E♯ sounds like F in equal temperament.
การ์ด 34
คำถาม
Someone asks for “the minor key related to F major.” Is that enough to choose uniquely between a relative and a parallel minor?
คำตอบ
No. Ask whether to keep the signature or the tonic; “related” doesn’t specify which relationship they want.
การ์ด 35
คำถาม
A learner claims G major and G minor must share a signature because they are parallel. Repair only the signature claim.
คำตอบ
Their signatures differ: G major has F♯; G minor has B♭ and E♭. Parallel keys keep the tonic, not the signature.
การ์ด 36
คำถาม
A♭ major: A♭–B♭–C–D♭–E♭–F–G. What is degree 6 in A♭ natural minor?
คำตอบ
F♭. Lower F by one semitone and keep its letter; E would be the wrong degree spelling.
การ์ด 37
คำถาม
F♯ major and D♯ minor both have six sharps in their signatures. Which relationship fits?
คำตอบ
Relative. Their signatures match, while their tonic names differ.
การ์ด 38
คำถาม
C♯ natural minor’s degree 7 is B. A learner uses C for degree 7 of C♯ major. Keep the intended pitch in equal temperament and repair only its spelling.
คำตอบ
B♯. Raise B by one semitone, retaining the seventh degree’s B letter.
การ์ด 39
คำถาม
E minor’s natural seventh is D; harmonic minor raises it to D♯ locally. Does that alteration change E minor’s relative major from G major?
คำตอบ
No. E minor and G major still share the one-sharp signature; a local D♯ doesn’t redefine that relationship.
การ์ด 40
คำถาม
F natural minor: F–G–A♭–B♭–C–D♭–E♭. What is degree 7 in F major?
คำตอบ
E. Raise E♭ by one semitone to restore the major seventh.
การ์ด 41
คำถาม
A major uses three sharps; A minor uses none. Can they still be parallel keys?
คำตอบ
Yes. Both use tonic A. Parallel keys don’t need matching signatures.
การ์ด 42
คำถาม
E major’s degree 3 is G♯. A learner changes it to G♭ for E natural minor. Replace only the incorrect note.
คำตอบ
G. The move is one semitone down from G♯, not two.
การ์ด 43
คำถาม
G natural minor: G–A–B♭–C–D–E♭–F. What is degree 6 in G major?
คำตอบ
E. Raise E♭ by one semitone, retaining its letter.
การ์ด 44
คำถาม
C natural minor begins C–D–E♭. You need the major key with the same signature. Which key fits?
คำตอบ
E♭ major. Degree 3 supplies the relative major tonic; both keys have three flats.
การ์ด 45
คำถาม
C♯ major and C minor have the same tonic letter. Does that alone make them parallel keys?
คำตอบ
No. C♯ and C are different tonics; a matching letter without its accidental is insufficient.
การ์ด 46
คำถาม
B natural minor: B–C♯–D–E–F♯–G–A. What is degree 3 in B major?
คำตอบ
D♯. Raise D by one semitone to restore the major third.
การ์ด 47
คำถาม
A learner uses E for degree 6 of A♭ natural minor. Keep the intended pitch in equal temperament and use the correct scale-degree letter. Repair only the note spelling.
คำตอบ
F♭. The sixth degree must use F; E already names the fifth degree’s letter.
การ์ด 48
คำถาม
Starting from E major, can a minor key keep both its tonic E and its four-sharp signature?
คำตอบ
No. E minor keeps the tonic but has one sharp; C♯ minor keeps the four-sharp signature but changes the tonic.
48 การ์ด
Relative vs Parallel Minor Flashcards: Scale Spelling & Repairs
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