DNA Reverse Complement Flashcards

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1. کارڈ 1

   سوال

   In double-stranded DNA, which bases pair with adenine (A) and cytosine (C), respectively?

   جواب

   Thymine (T) pairs with A. Guanine (G) pairs with C.

2. کارڈ 2

   سوال

   Two DNA strands are aligned base by base. The top strand has its 5′ end on the left. Which end of the bottom strand is on the left?

   جواب

   The 3′ end. The strands are antiparallel, so their directions are opposite.

3. کارڈ 3

   سوال

   Write the complementary DNA strand directly below 5′–CATGGA–3′, pairing the bases in the same columns. Label its ends.

   جواب

   3′–GTACCT–5′

   The aligned partner runs 3′ to 5′ from left to right.

4. کارڈ 4

   سوال

   A DNA strand is written 5′ to 3′. How do you get its reverse complement?

   جواب

   Pair each base, then read the paired bases in reverse order. The result gives the partner strand from its 5′ end to its 3′ end.

5. کارڈ 5

   سوال

   What is the reverse complement of 5′–GTTCA–3′?

   جواب

   5′–TGAAC–3′

   The aligned partner is 3′–CAAGT–5′. Read it from the right.

6. کارڈ 6

   سوال

   Which two bases fill the blanks in the bottom DNA strand, from left to right?

   5′–G C T A G–3′
   3′–C _ A _ C–5′
   

   جواب

   G, then T. They pair with C and A in the top strand.

   The completed bottom strand is 3′–CGATC–5′.

7. کارڈ 7

   سوال

   Write the same DNA strand 5′ to 3′ if it is shown as 3′–TGGAC–5′.

   جواب

   5′–CAGGT–3′

   Start from the right. The bases stay the same because you're reading the same strand.

8. کارڈ 8

   سوال

   Write the strand that pairs with 3′–ACCTGA–5′. Give your answer 5′ to 3′.

   جواب

   5′–TGGACT–3′

   The aligned partner already has its 5′ end on the left.

9. کارڈ 9

   سوال

   Someone gives CGTGAC as the reverse complement of 5′–CAGTGC–3′. What step did they miss?

   جواب

   They still need to complement each base. CGTGAC is the original sequence read backward. The reverse complement is 5′–GCACTG–3′.

10. کارڈ 10

    سوال

    A DNA strand ends with G at its 3′ end. What is the first base of its reverse complement, written 5′ to 3′?

    جواب

    C. The original 3′ end lines up with the partner's 5′ end, and C pairs with G.

11. کارڈ 11

    سوال

    Write the reverse complement of 5′–ACGCTAA–3′.

    جواب

    5′–TTAGCGT–3′

    Pair the bases to get 3′–TGCGATT–5′, then read from the right.

12. کارڈ 12

    سوال

    Is 5′–AGCATGCT–3′ a reverse-complement palindrome?

    جواب

    Yes. Its reverse complement is 5′–AGCATGCT–3′ again.

13. کارڈ 13

    سوال

    Someone gives AGGCAT as the reverse complement of 5′–TCCGTA–3′. What step did they miss?

    جواب

    They still need to reverse the order. AGGCAT is the aligned partner read 3′ to 5′. Read it from the other end to get 5′–TACGGA–3′.

14. کارڈ 14

    سوال

    A DNA strand's reverse complement is 5′–CGAACTG–3′. What was the original sequence, written 5′ to 3′?

    جواب

    5′–CAGTTCG–3′

    Taking the reverse complement a second time restores the original sequence.

15. کارڈ 15

    سوال

    Find the exact + strand match to 5′–GATA–3′ on the printed + reference 5′–TCGGATACCAA–3′. Count the leftmost reference base as position 1 and include both ends of the match.

    جواب

    Positions 4–7 (+). Those bases read GATA from left to right.

16. کارڈ 16

    سوال

    You split a 5′→3′ DNA sequence into a left block and a right block. Which block provides the 5′ end of the reverse complement?

    جواب

    The right block. The original 3′ end is on the right, across from the partner's 5′ end.

17. کارڈ 17

    سوال

    An exact DNA query matches the + strand at reference positions 4–8. Which reference position holds the query's 5′ end?

    جواب

    Position 4. The query runs left to right on the + strand.

18. کارڈ 18

    سوال

    To find a − strand match to 5′–GCTAC–3′, what sequence should you look for on the printed 5′→3′ + reference?

    جواب

    5′–GTAGC–3′

    That's the reverse complement of the query.

19. کارڈ 19

    سوال

    Can a five-base DNA sequence made from A, C, G, and T equal its own reverse complement?

    جواب

    No. Its middle base would have to pair with itself, and each of those four bases pairs with a different base.

20. کارڈ 20

    سوال

    Search the printed + reference 5′–ACTAGGATTCCTAGT–3′ for 5′–CTAGG–3′ on either strand. Give each exact match's strand and 1-based inclusive reference positions.

    جواب

    Positions 2–6 (+) and 10–14 (−).

    The reference has CTAGG at 2–6 and CCTAG, the query's reverse complement, at 10–14.

21. کارڈ 21

    سوال

    One base in the bottom DNA strand is paired incorrectly. Which base should replace it, and at what position from the left?

    5′–A T C G C–3′
    3′–T A A C G–5′
    

    جواب

    G at position 3. The top strand has C there.

    The corrected bottom strand is 3′–TAGCG–5′.

22. کارڈ 22

    سوال

    A window on the printed + reference is 5′–CGAG–3′. Does its − strand exactly match the query 5′–CTCA–3′?

    جواب

    No. The − strand at that span reads 5′–CTCG–3′. Its last base differs from the query.

23. کارڈ 23

    سوال

    Find the exact − strand match to 5′–CCGA–3′ on the printed + reference 5′–GACTCGGAATC–3′. Give the 1-based inclusive reference positions.

    جواب

    Positions 4–7 (−). The printed bases at 4–7 are TCGG. The opposite strand reads CCGA in the 5′→3′ direction.

24. کارڈ 24

    سوال

    An exact DNA query matches the − strand at reference positions 6–10. Which reference position holds the query's 5′ end?

    جواب

    Position 10. The query runs right to left on the − strand.

25. کارڈ 25

    سوال

    A query of 5′–CGCG–3′ exactly matches the + strand at reference positions 3–6. How many strands match at that same span?

    جواب

    Two. CGCG equals its own reverse complement, so positions 3–6 match on both strands.

25 کارڈز

DNA Reverse Complement Flashcards

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