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Cranial Nerve Flashcards: Names, Numbers, Functions & Tests

Learn all 12 cranial nerves with 84 focused cards on names, numbers, classification as sensory, motor, or mixed, core functions, and safe high-level exam cues.

نوشتهٔ Open Study Contributor

دربارهٔ این دسته

Build reliable recall of all 12 cranial nerves without turning a focused study session into an anatomy encyclopedia. These 84 original English cards practice number-to-name and name-to-number recall, sensory/motor/mixed classification, core functions and pathways, and one safe high-level assessment cue for each nerve.

The sequence starts with identity in both useful directions, moves into classification, then interleaves functions across the nerves before ending with assessment cues. Related prompts are spaced apart so nearby cards do not hand you the next answer.

This deck deliberately leaves out symptom diagnosis, lesion localization, treatment, detailed nuclei and foramina, traditional mnemonic phrases, and self-assessment. It is an educational study aid, not medical advice or a substitute for supervised clinical training.

The questions, answers, organization, metadata, and original generated cover are independently authored from common knowledge and released under CC0 1.0 to the extent applicable rights exist. Scope and facts were checked against NCBI Bookshelf cranial-nerve references and the Merck Manual Professional neurological examination guide.

کارت‌های این دسته

  1. کارت ۱

    پرسش

    CN I — nerve name?

    پاسخ

    Olfactory nerve.

  2. کارت ۲

    پرسش

    CN II — nerve name?

    پاسخ

    Optic nerve.

  3. کارت ۳

    پرسش

    CN III — nerve name?

    پاسخ

    Oculomotor nerve.

  4. کارت ۴

    پرسش

    CN IV — nerve name?

    پاسخ

    Trochlear nerve.

  5. کارت ۵

    پرسش

    Olfactory nerve — cranial nerve number?

    پاسخ

    CN I.

  6. کارت ۶

    پرسش

    CN V — nerve name?

    پاسخ

    Trigeminal nerve.

  7. کارت ۷

    پرسش

    Optic nerve — cranial nerve number?

    پاسخ

    CN II.

  8. کارت ۸

    پرسش

    CN VI — nerve name?

    پاسخ

    Abducens nerve.

  9. کارت ۹

    پرسش

    Oculomotor nerve — cranial nerve number?

    پاسخ

    CN III.

  10. کارت ۱۰

    پرسش

    CN VII — nerve name?

    پاسخ

    Facial nerve.

  11. کارت ۱۱

    پرسش

    Trochlear nerve — cranial nerve number?

    پاسخ

    CN IV.

  12. کارت ۱۲

    پرسش

    CN VIII — nerve name?

    پاسخ

    Vestibulocochlear nerve.

  13. کارت ۱۳

    پرسش

    Trigeminal nerve — cranial nerve number?

    پاسخ

    CN V.

  14. کارت ۱۴

    پرسش

    CN IX — nerve name?

    پاسخ

    Glossopharyngeal nerve.

  15. کارت ۱۵

    پرسش

    Abducens nerve — cranial nerve number?

    پاسخ

    CN VI.

  16. کارت ۱۶

    پرسش

    CN X — nerve name?

    پاسخ

    Vagus nerve.

  17. کارت ۱۷

    پرسش

    Facial nerve — cranial nerve number?

    پاسخ

    CN VII.

  18. کارت ۱۸

    پرسش

    CN XI — nerve name?

    پاسخ

    Accessory nerve, also called the spinal accessory nerve.

  19. کارت ۱۹

    پرسش

    Vestibulocochlear nerve — cranial nerve number?

    پاسخ

    CN VIII.

  20. کارت ۲۰

    پرسش

    CN XII — nerve name?

    پاسخ

    Hypoglossal nerve.

  21. کارت ۲۱

    پرسش

    Glossopharyngeal nerve — cranial nerve number?

    پاسخ

    CN IX.

  22. کارت ۲۲

    پرسش

    Vagus nerve — cranial nerve number?

    پاسخ

    CN X.

  23. کارت ۲۳

    پرسش

    Accessory nerve — cranial nerve number?

    پاسخ

    CN XI.

  24. کارت ۲۴

    پرسش

    Hypoglossal nerve — cranial nerve number?

    پاسخ

    CN XII.

  25. کارت ۲۵

    پرسش

    CN I (olfactory) — sensory, motor, or mixed?

    پاسخ

    Sensory.

  26. کارت ۲۶

    پرسش

    CN VIII (vestibulocochlear) — sensory, motor, or mixed?

    پاسخ

    Sensory.

  27. کارت ۲۷

    پرسش

    CN III (oculomotor) — sensory, motor, or mixed?

    پاسخ

    Motor. Its motor classification includes somatic motor and parasympathetic output.

  28. کارت ۲۸

    پرسش

    CN VII (facial) — sensory, motor, or mixed?

    پاسخ

    Mixed.

  29. کارت ۲۹

    پرسش

    CN XI (accessory) — sensory, motor, or mixed?

    پاسخ

    Motor.

  30. کارت ۳۰

    پرسش

    CN II (optic) — sensory, motor, or mixed?

    پاسخ

    Sensory.

  31. کارت ۳۱

    پرسش

    CN V (trigeminal) — sensory, motor, or mixed?

    پاسخ

    Mixed.

  32. کارت ۳۲

    پرسش

    CN IX (glossopharyngeal) — sensory, motor, or mixed?

    پاسخ

    Mixed.

  33. کارت ۳۳

    پرسش

    CN IV (trochlear) — sensory, motor, or mixed?

    پاسخ

    Motor.

  34. کارت ۳۴

    پرسش

    CN X (vagus) — sensory, motor, or mixed?

    پاسخ

    Mixed.

  35. کارت ۳۵

    پرسش

    CN XII (hypoglossal) — sensory, motor, or mixed?

    پاسخ

    Motor.

  36. کارت ۳۶

    پرسش

    CN VI (abducens) — sensory, motor, or mixed?

    پاسخ

    Motor.

  37. کارت ۳۷

    پرسش

    CN I (olfactory) — primary sensory function?

    پاسخ

    Smell, or olfaction.

  38. کارت ۳۸

    پرسش

    CN II (optic) — what information does it carry from the retina?

    پاسخ

    Visual sensory information.

  39. کارت ۳۹

    پرسش

    CN III (oculomotor) — which four extraocular muscles does it innervate?

    پاسخ

    Superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus, and inferior oblique.

  40. کارت ۴۰

    پرسش

    CN IV (trochlear) — extraocular muscle target?

    پاسخ

    Superior oblique muscle.

  41. کارت ۴۱

    پرسش

    CN V1 (ophthalmic division) — main sensory territory?

    پاسخ

    The upper face, including the forehead and cornea.

  42. کارت ۴۲

    پرسش

    CN VI (abducens) — extraocular muscle target?

    پاسخ

    Lateral rectus muscle.

  43. کارت ۴۳

    پرسش

    CN VII (facial) — main somatic motor function?

    پاسخ

    Movement of the muscles of facial expression.

  44. کارت ۴۴

    پرسش

    CN VIII (vestibulocochlear) — cochlear branch function?

    پاسخ

    Hearing.

  45. کارت ۴۵

    پرسش

    CN IX (glossopharyngeal) — taste territory?

    پاسخ

    The posterior one-third of the tongue.

  46. کارت ۴۶

    پرسش

    CN X (vagus) — key motor targets in the mouth and throat?

    پاسخ

    The pharyngeal and soft-palate muscles used in swallowing.

  47. کارت ۴۷

    پرسش

    CN XI (accessory) — sternocleidomastoid function?

    پاسخ

    Turning the head to the opposite side.

  48. کارت ۴۸

    پرسش

    CN XII (hypoglossal) — main muscle targets?

    پاسخ

    The intrinsic and extrinsic tongue muscles, except palatoglossus.

  49. کارت ۴۹

    پرسش

    CN I (olfactory) — where do fibers from the nasal olfactory mucosa first synapse?

    پاسخ

    In the olfactory bulb, after passing through the cribriform plate.

  50. کارت ۵۰

    پرسش

    CN II (optic) — role in the pupillary light reflex?

    پاسخ

    It forms the afferent sensory limb that detects the light stimulus.

  51. کارت ۵۱

    پرسش

    CN III (oculomotor) — role in eyelid position?

    پاسخ

    It supplies levator palpebrae superioris, which elevates the upper eyelid.

  52. کارت ۵۲

    پرسش

    CN IV (trochlear) — key eye-movement contribution?

    پاسخ

    Through the superior oblique, CN IV intorts the eye; it depresses the eye most strongly in adduction.

  53. کارت ۵۳

    پرسش

    CN V2 (maxillary division) — main sensory territory?

    پاسخ

    The midface, including the cheek, upper lip, and maxillary teeth.

  54. کارت ۵۴

    پرسش

    CN VI (abducens) — primary eye movement?

    پاسخ

    Abduction: moving the eye laterally, away from the nose.

  55. کارت ۵۵

    پرسش

    CN VII (facial) — taste territory?

    پاسخ

    The anterior two-thirds of the tongue, carried through the chorda tympani.

  56. کارت ۵۶

    پرسش

    CN VIII (vestibulocochlear) — vestibular branch function?

    پاسخ

    Balance and sensory information about head orientation and motion.

  57. کارت ۵۷

    پرسش

    CN IX (glossopharyngeal) — what visceral sensory information comes from the carotid sinus and body?

    پاسخ

    Blood-pressure and blood-chemistry signals, respectively.

  58. کارت ۵۸

    پرسش

    CN X (vagus) — key laryngeal motor function?

    پاسخ

    Motor control of the intrinsic laryngeal muscles for phonation.

  59. کارت ۵۹

    پرسش

    CN VII (facial) — role in the corneal reflex?

    پاسخ

    It carries the efferent motor limb that closes the eyelids through orbicularis oculi.

  60. کارت ۶۰

    پرسش

    CN XII (hypoglossal) — role in tongue protrusion?

    پاسخ

    It supplies genioglossus, a principal muscle for protruding the tongue.

  61. کارت ۶۱

    پرسش

    CN III (oculomotor) — parasympathetic effect on the pupil?

    پاسخ

    Pupillary constriction through the sphincter pupillae.

  62. کارت ۶۲

    پرسش

    CN V3 (mandibular division) — main sensory territory?

    پاسخ

    Most of the lower face and jaw, plus mandibular teeth and general sensation from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue.

  63. کارت ۶۳

    پرسش

    CN VII (facial) — parasympathetic role in tear production?

    پاسخ

    It provides secretomotor input to the lacrimal gland.

  64. کارت ۶۴

    پرسش

    CN IX (glossopharyngeal) — motor target that assists swallowing?

    پاسخ

    Stylopharyngeus, which elevates the pharynx during swallowing.

  65. کارت ۶۵

    پرسش

    CN X (vagus) — main parasympathetic territory?

    پاسخ

    Thoracic and abdominal viscera, extending through much of the gastrointestinal tract.

  66. کارت ۶۶

    پرسش

    CN III (oculomotor) — parasympathetic role in near vision?

    پاسخ

    Lens accommodation through the ciliary muscle.

  67. کارت ۶۷

    پرسش

    CN V (trigeminal) — main motor function?

    پاسخ

    Motor control of the muscles of mastication through the mandibular division, V3.

  68. کارت ۶۸

    پرسش

    CN VII (facial) — parasympathetic role in salivation?

    پاسخ

    It provides secretomotor input to the submandibular and sublingual glands.

  69. کارت ۶۹

    پرسش

    CN IX (glossopharyngeal) — parasympathetic salivary target?

    پاسخ

    The parotid gland.

  70. کارت ۷۰

    پرسش

    CN X (vagus) — main visceral sensory territory?

    پاسخ

    The pharynx, larynx, and thoracic and abdominal organs.

  71. کارت ۷۱

    پرسش

    CN V (trigeminal) — role in the corneal reflex?

    پاسخ

    It carries the afferent sensory limb through the ophthalmic division, V1.

  72. کارت ۷۲

    پرسش

    CN XI (accessory) — trapezius function?

    پاسخ

    Elevating the shoulder, as in a shoulder shrug.

  73. کارت ۷۳

    پرسش

    CN I (olfactory) — one high-level assessment cue?

    پاسخ

    Ask the person to identify a familiar, nonirritating odor in each nostril separately, with the other nostril occluded.

  74. کارت ۷۴

    پرسش

    CN II (optic) — one high-level assessment cue?

    پاسخ

    Check visual acuity in each eye separately with an appropriate distance or near chart.

  75. کارت ۷۵

    پرسش

    CN III (oculomotor) — one high-level assessment cue?

    پاسخ

    Shine a light into each eye and observe brisk, symmetric direct and consensual pupillary constriction; CN III is the efferent limb.

  76. کارت ۷۶

    پرسش

    CN IV (trochlear) — one high-level assessment cue?

    پاسخ

    Have the person follow a target through an H pattern, watching the adducted eye as it looks down.

  77. کارت ۷۷

    پرسش

    CN V (trigeminal) — one high-level assessment cue?

    پاسخ

    With the eyes closed, compare light facial sensation across the V1, V2, and V3 territories on both sides.

  78. کارت ۷۸

    پرسش

    CN VI (abducens) — one high-level assessment cue?

    پاسخ

    Have the person follow a target into lateral gaze and check that each eye abducts smoothly.

  79. کارت ۷۹

    پرسش

    CN VII (facial) — one high-level assessment cue?

    پاسخ

    Compare facial-movement symmetry while the person smiles, raises the eyebrows, and closes the eyes tightly.

  80. کارت ۸۰

    پرسش

    CN VIII (vestibulocochlear) — one high-level assessment cue?

    پاسخ

    Screen hearing in each ear separately with a quiet whisper while the opposite ear is occluded.

  81. کارت ۸۱

    پرسش

    CN IX (glossopharyngeal) — one high-level assessment cue?

    پاسخ

    In a supervised exam, assess the sensory limb of the gag reflex alongside CN X; bilateral absence can occur in healthy people.

  82. کارت ۸۲

    پرسش

    CN X (vagus) — one high-level assessment cue?

    پاسخ

    Ask the person to say “ah” and observe whether the soft palate elevates symmetrically.

  83. کارت ۸۳

    پرسش

    CN XI (accessory) — one high-level assessment cue?

    پاسخ

    Compare shoulder elevation while the person shrugs against resistance.

  84. کارت ۸۴

    پرسش

    CN XII (hypoglossal) — one high-level assessment cue?

    پاسخ

    Ask the person to protrude the tongue and observe its position and movement.

Calm editorial illustration of a human profile with twelve luminous neural threads in navy, teal, coral, and ivory.

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Cranial Nerve Flashcards: Names, Numbers, Functions & Tests

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