Triad Chord Flashcards: Major, Minor, Diminished & Augmented Spelling

Study 90 English flashcards: four triad-quality rules plus 43 root-position major, minor, diminished, and augmented chords in both spelling and identification directions.

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Triad Chord Flashcards: Major, Minor, Diminished & Augmented Spelling

These 90 English flashcards make root-position triad spelling concrete. Four opening cards establish the quality rules. The remaining 86 cards practice 43 chords in both useful directions:

  • chord name → correctly spelled notes
  • spelled notes → chord name and quality

Exact scope

Every major and minor triad is included for C, D♭, D, E♭, E, F, F♯, G, A♭, A, B♭, and B. Diminished and augmented triads are included when correct root-position spelling needs no more than single accidentals.

The five deliberate exclusions are D♭ diminished (A𝄫), E♭ diminished (B𝄫), A♭ diminished (E𝄫), F♯ augmented (C𝄪), and B augmented (F𝄪). This keeps the practical set focused without replacing correct letter spelling with enharmonic keyboard shortcuts.

Learning order

Major, minor, diminished, and augmented construction rules come first. The chord cards then mix spelling and identification across varied roots and qualities without a short repeated quality cycle. The two directions for any one chord stay at least seven unrelated cards apart, so one prompt doesn't give away its partner.

Sources and provenance

The quality definitions and interval symbols were checked against Open Music Theory's triads chapter. The chord spellings were derived independently from those interval rules and checked letter by letter. Common chord-spelling and chord-identification tools were reviewed only to confirm that both recall directions are useful study tasks.

This is an independently authored, unofficial educational deck. It isn't affiliated with or endorsed by Open Music Theory or any commercial study tool. No source prose, competitor cards, exercise wording, visual design, logos, or trade dress were copied.

The Common knowledge · CC0 1.0 label applies to the original prompts, answers, sequence, metadata, and generated cover to the extent applicable rights exist. It doesn't claim ownership of music-theory facts, note names, interval names, or third-party material.

Amakhadi akuleli qoqo

  1. Ikhadi 1

    Umbuzo

    How is a root-position major triad built above its root?

    Impendulo

    M3 + P5. The notes sit 4 and 7 semitones above the root, which stacks M3 + m3.

  2. Ikhadi 2

    Umbuzo

    How is a root-position minor triad built above its root?

    Impendulo

    m3 + P5. The notes sit 3 and 7 semitones above the root, which stacks m3 + M3.

  3. Ikhadi 3

    Umbuzo

    How is a root-position diminished triad built above its root?

    Impendulo

    m3 + d5. The notes sit 3 and 6 semitones above the root, which stacks m3 + m3.

  4. Ikhadi 4

    Umbuzo

    How is a root-position augmented triad built above its root?

    Impendulo

    M3 + A5. The notes sit 4 and 8 semitones above the root, which stacks M3 + M3.

  5. Ikhadi 5

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position B♭ diminished triad.

    Impendulo

    B♭–D♭–F♭. From B♭, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a diminished fifth.

  6. Ikhadi 6

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: A♭–C–E♭.

    Impendulo

    A♭ major. From A♭, the third is a major third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  7. Ikhadi 7

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position B minor triad.

    Impendulo

    B–D–F♯. From B, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  8. Ikhadi 8

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: D♭–F–A♭.

    Impendulo

    D♭ major. From D♭, the third is a major third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  9. Ikhadi 9

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: G–B♭–D♭.

    Impendulo

    G diminished. From G, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a diminished fifth.

  10. Ikhadi 10

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position F♯ minor triad.

    Impendulo

    F♯–A–C♯. From F♯, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  11. Ikhadi 11

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position B♭ major triad.

    Impendulo

    B♭–D–F. From B♭, the third is a major third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  12. Ikhadi 12

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: D–F♯–A♯.

    Impendulo

    D augmented. From D, the third is a major third and the fifth is an augmented fifth.

  13. Ikhadi 13

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: F–A–C.

    Impendulo

    F major. From F, the third is a major third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  14. Ikhadi 14

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position G minor triad.

    Impendulo

    G–B♭–D. From G, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  15. Ikhadi 15

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: E–G♯–B♯.

    Impendulo

    E augmented. From E, the third is a major third and the fifth is an augmented fifth.

  16. Ikhadi 16

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: B♭–D♭–F♭.

    Impendulo

    B♭ diminished. From B♭, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a diminished fifth.

  17. Ikhadi 17

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position D♭ minor triad.

    Impendulo

    D♭–F♭–A♭. From D♭, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  18. Ikhadi 18

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: F–A♭–C♭.

    Impendulo

    F diminished. From F, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a diminished fifth.

  19. Ikhadi 19

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position A major triad.

    Impendulo

    A–C♯–E. From A, the third is a major third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  20. Ikhadi 20

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position F♯ diminished triad.

    Impendulo

    F♯–A–C. From F♯, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a diminished fifth.

  21. Ikhadi 21

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: D♭–F–A.

    Impendulo

    D♭ augmented. From D♭, the third is a major third and the fifth is an augmented fifth.

  22. Ikhadi 22

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: B–D–F♯.

    Impendulo

    B minor. From B, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  23. Ikhadi 23

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position E♭ augmented triad.

    Impendulo

    E♭–G–B. From E♭, the third is a major third and the fifth is an augmented fifth.

  24. Ikhadi 24

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: D–F♯–A.

    Impendulo

    D major. From D, the third is a major third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  25. Ikhadi 25

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position G augmented triad.

    Impendulo

    G–B–D♯. From G, the third is a major third and the fifth is an augmented fifth.

  26. Ikhadi 26

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position C minor triad.

    Impendulo

    C–E♭–G. From C, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  27. Ikhadi 27

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: E–G♯–B.

    Impendulo

    E major. From E, the third is a major third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  28. Ikhadi 28

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: A–C–E♭.

    Impendulo

    A diminished. From A, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a diminished fifth.

  29. Ikhadi 29

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position B♭ minor triad.

    Impendulo

    B♭–D♭–F. From B♭, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  30. Ikhadi 30

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position A♭ major triad.

    Impendulo

    A♭–C–E♭. From A♭, the third is a major third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  31. Ikhadi 31

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: G–B♭–D.

    Impendulo

    G minor. From G, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  32. Ikhadi 32

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: E–G–B♭.

    Impendulo

    E diminished. From E, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a diminished fifth.

  33. Ikhadi 33

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position C major triad.

    Impendulo

    C–E–G. From C, the third is a major third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  34. Ikhadi 34

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: A–C–E.

    Impendulo

    A minor. From A, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  35. Ikhadi 35

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position D augmented triad.

    Impendulo

    D–F♯–A♯. From D, the third is a major third and the fifth is an augmented fifth.

  36. Ikhadi 36

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position A♭ minor triad.

    Impendulo

    A♭–C♭–E♭. From A♭, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  37. Ikhadi 37

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: F♯–A♯–C♯.

    Impendulo

    F♯ major. From F♯, the third is a major third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  38. Ikhadi 38

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: C–E–G♯.

    Impendulo

    C augmented. From C, the third is a major third and the fifth is an augmented fifth.

  39. Ikhadi 39

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position E♭ major triad.

    Impendulo

    E♭–G–B♭. From E♭, the third is a major third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  40. Ikhadi 40

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position D minor triad.

    Impendulo

    D–F–A. From D, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  41. Ikhadi 41

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: B♭–D–F♯.

    Impendulo

    B♭ augmented. From B♭, the third is a major third and the fifth is an augmented fifth.

  42. Ikhadi 42

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: D♭–F♭–A♭.

    Impendulo

    D♭ minor. From D♭, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  43. Ikhadi 43

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position E major triad.

    Impendulo

    E–G♯–B. From E, the third is a major third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  44. Ikhadi 44

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position A diminished triad.

    Impendulo

    A–C–E♭. From A, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a diminished fifth.

  45. Ikhadi 45

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: B–D♯–F♯.

    Impendulo

    B major. From B, the third is a major third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  46. Ikhadi 46

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: A♭–C♭–E♭.

    Impendulo

    A♭ minor. From A♭, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  47. Ikhadi 47

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position F♯ major triad.

    Impendulo

    F♯–A♯–C♯. From F♯, the third is a major third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  48. Ikhadi 48

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: D–F–A♭.

    Impendulo

    D diminished. From D, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a diminished fifth.

  49. Ikhadi 49

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position A minor triad.

    Impendulo

    A–C–E. From A, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  50. Ikhadi 50

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position E augmented triad.

    Impendulo

    E–G♯–B♯. From E, the third is a major third and the fifth is an augmented fifth.

  51. Ikhadi 51

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: F♯–A–C.

    Impendulo

    F♯ diminished. From F♯, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a diminished fifth.

  52. Ikhadi 52

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: C–E–G.

    Impendulo

    C major. From C, the third is a major third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  53. Ikhadi 53

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position D♭ augmented triad.

    Impendulo

    D♭–F–A. From D♭, the third is a major third and the fifth is an augmented fifth.

  54. Ikhadi 54

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position B major triad.

    Impendulo

    B–D♯–F♯. From B, the third is a major third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  55. Ikhadi 55

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: F–A♭–C.

    Impendulo

    F minor. From F, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  56. Ikhadi 56

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: E♭–G–B.

    Impendulo

    E♭ augmented. From E♭, the third is a major third and the fifth is an augmented fifth.

  57. Ikhadi 57

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position D♭ major triad.

    Impendulo

    D♭–F–A♭. From D♭, the third is a major third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  58. Ikhadi 58

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: A–C♯–E♯.

    Impendulo

    A augmented. From A, the third is a major third and the fifth is an augmented fifth.

  59. Ikhadi 59

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position G diminished triad.

    Impendulo

    G–B♭–D♭. From G, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a diminished fifth.

  60. Ikhadi 60

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position B♭ augmented triad.

    Impendulo

    B♭–D–F♯. From B♭, the third is a major third and the fifth is an augmented fifth.

  61. Ikhadi 61

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: E♭–G♭–B♭.

    Impendulo

    E♭ minor. From E♭, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  62. Ikhadi 62

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position C augmented triad.

    Impendulo

    C–E–G♯. From C, the third is a major third and the fifth is an augmented fifth.

  63. Ikhadi 63

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position D major triad.

    Impendulo

    D–F♯–A. From D, the third is a major third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  64. Ikhadi 64

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: B♭–D♭–F.

    Impendulo

    B♭ minor. From B♭, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  65. Ikhadi 65

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: A–C♯–E.

    Impendulo

    A major. From A, the third is a major third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  66. Ikhadi 66

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position E diminished triad.

    Impendulo

    E–G–B♭. From E, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a diminished fifth.

  67. Ikhadi 67

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: F–A–C♯.

    Impendulo

    F augmented. From F, the third is a major third and the fifth is an augmented fifth.

  68. Ikhadi 68

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position B diminished triad.

    Impendulo

    B–D–F. From B, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a diminished fifth.

  69. Ikhadi 69

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position G major triad.

    Impendulo

    G–B–D. From G, the third is a major third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  70. Ikhadi 70

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: C–E♭–G.

    Impendulo

    C minor. From C, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  71. Ikhadi 71

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: B♭–D–F.

    Impendulo

    B♭ major. From B♭, the third is a major third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  72. Ikhadi 72

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position F diminished triad.

    Impendulo

    F–A♭–C♭. From F, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a diminished fifth.

  73. Ikhadi 73

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: G–B–D♯.

    Impendulo

    G augmented. From G, the third is a major third and the fifth is an augmented fifth.

  74. Ikhadi 74

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position E♭ minor triad.

    Impendulo

    E♭–G♭–B♭. From E♭, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  75. Ikhadi 75

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position D diminished triad.

    Impendulo

    D–F–A♭. From D, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a diminished fifth.

  76. Ikhadi 76

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: E–G–B.

    Impendulo

    E minor. From E, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  77. Ikhadi 77

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position A♭ augmented triad.

    Impendulo

    A♭–C–E. From A♭, the third is a major third and the fifth is an augmented fifth.

  78. Ikhadi 78

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position F minor triad.

    Impendulo

    F–A♭–C. From F, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  79. Ikhadi 79

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: G–B–D.

    Impendulo

    G major. From G, the third is a major third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  80. Ikhadi 80

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: D–F–A.

    Impendulo

    D minor. From D, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  81. Ikhadi 81

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position C diminished triad.

    Impendulo

    C–E♭–G♭. From C, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a diminished fifth.

  82. Ikhadi 82

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: E♭–G–B♭.

    Impendulo

    E♭ major. From E♭, the third is a major third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  83. Ikhadi 83

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: F♯–A–C♯.

    Impendulo

    F♯ minor. From F♯, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  84. Ikhadi 84

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position A augmented triad.

    Impendulo

    A–C♯–E♯. From A, the third is a major third and the fifth is an augmented fifth.

  85. Ikhadi 85

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position F major triad.

    Impendulo

    F–A–C. From F, the third is a major third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  86. Ikhadi 86

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: A♭–C–E.

    Impendulo

    A♭ augmented. From A♭, the third is a major third and the fifth is an augmented fifth.

  87. Ikhadi 87

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: B–D–F.

    Impendulo

    B diminished. From B, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a diminished fifth.

  88. Ikhadi 88

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position E minor triad.

    Impendulo

    E–G–B. From E, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a perfect fifth.

  89. Ikhadi 89

    Umbuzo

    Name the root-position triad: C–E♭–G♭.

    Impendulo

    C diminished. From C, the third is a minor third and the fifth is a diminished fifth.

  90. Ikhadi 90

    Umbuzo

    Spell the root-position F augmented triad.

    Impendulo

    F–A–C♯. From F, the third is a major third and the fifth is an augmented fifth.

Three navy, coral, and ochre note-like discs stacked vertically over subtle staff-like lines and muted geometric accents.

amakhadi angu-90

Triad Chord Flashcards: Major, Minor, Diminished & Augmented Spelling

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