FAA Part 107 Flashcards: Remote Pilot Knowledge Test Review
Review the current FAA Part 107 knowledge areas with concise recall, practical scenarios, airspace and weather interpretation, operating limits, and recency rules.
اس ڈیک کے بارے میں
Prepare for the FAA Remote Pilot knowledge test and keep core Part 107 decisions fresh. These 286 independently written cards cover every current ACS knowledge area, moving from foundational rules into airspace, weather reports, aircraft loading and performance, airport awareness, emergencies, operations over people, Remote ID, aeronautical decision-making, maintenance, and recurrent knowledge.
The cards practice rule-to-action, cue-to-meaning, code-to-interpretation, and short scenario-to-decision recall. Most prompts isolate one fact or decision; a few compact sets cover material learners naturally recall together, such as phonetic-alphabet chunks and radio phraseology. Unhelpful reverse variants and chart-dependent problems are excluded. The deterministic sequence teaches prerequisites before dependent ideas, interleaves the five public groups, and separates confusing variants. Initial certification and recurrent training are treated as separate paths, with current requirements reviewed against official sources on August 25, 2026. FAA-S-ACS-10B remains the current indexed topic guide; the current UAG Applicant Information Bulletin governs test distribution.
License scope: “Common knowledge · CC0 1.0” applies only to this deck’s independently written prompts, answers, examples, organization, and metadata, to the extent rights exist. It does not claim ownership of facts, laws, FAA names or publications, third-party marks, or source material.
Independent and unofficial; not affiliated with, endorsed by, or produced by the FAA, DOT, PSI, or any testing provider. No FAA or competitor test questions, answer choices, commercial-deck text, charts, logos, or third-party media were copied. Regulatory definitions and rules were independently condensed and may retain legally necessary terminology. Verify current requirements with the FAA certification path, Remote Pilot ACS, current UAG Applicant Information Bulletin, FAA study guide, and 14 CFR Part 107.
اس ڈیک کے کارڈز
کارڈ 1
سوال
When does 14 CFR Part 107 generally apply?
جواب
It generally applies to civil operations of small unmanned aircraft in the United States that are not conducted under another authority, such as the limited recreational exception.
کارڈ 2
سوال
Who must receive the preflight operating briefing?
جواب
Everyone directly participating in the operation, including visual observers and people manipulating the controls. Cover conditions, roles, hazards, and normal and emergency procedures.
کارڈ 3
سوال
What is controlled airspace?
جواب
Airspace of defined dimensions where ATC service is provided according to the airspace classification. For Part 107, authorization depends on the specific class and area.
کارڈ 4
سوال
What is the basic difference between a weather observation and a forecast?
جواب
An observation reports conditions that exist now at a location; a forecast predicts conditions for a future period and area.
کارڈ 5
سوال
What is a small unmanned aircraft under Part 107?
جواب
An unmanned aircraft weighing less than 55 pounds at takeoff, including everything on board or attached.
کارڈ 6
سوال
What site conditions belong in a preflight assessment?
جواب
Weather, airspace, restrictions, people, moving vehicles, wildlife, structures, wires, launch and recovery areas, lighting, interference, and alternate landing areas.
کارڈ 7
سوال
Does being below maximum takeoff weight guarantee a safe takeoff?
جواب
No. Elevation, temperature, humidity, wind, launch area, obstacles, battery condition, and aircraft limits may require a lower weight.
کارڈ 8
سوال
What is the typical shape and purpose of Class B airspace?
جواب
Individually tailored layers around the nation's busiest airports, often resembling an upside-down wedding cake. Part 107 operations require prior authorization.
کارڈ 9
سوال
What control-link checks belong before takeoff?
جواب
Verify pairing, command response, antenna and frequency setup, interference risk, lost-link behavior, range needs, and crew communication.
کارڈ 10
سوال
What does a small unmanned aircraft system include?
جواب
The aircraft plus the communication links and components needed to control it safely and efficiently.
کارڈ 11
سوال
What does a METAR report?
جواب
Current surface weather at an airport or reporting station in a standard coded format.
کارڈ 12
سوال
When must a remote PIC be designated?
جواب
Before or during the flight. Every Part 107 operation must have a designated remote pilot in command.
کارڈ 13
سوال
What power and attachment checks belong before takeoff?
جواب
Confirm adequate battery or fuel, secure installation, correct payload and guards, unobstructed sensors and moving parts, and the intended configuration.
کارڈ 14
سوال
How does excess weight usually affect aircraft performance?
جواب
It reduces climb, ceiling, range, endurance, and maneuverability while increasing power demand and structural load.
کارڈ 15
سوال
Who has final authority for a Part 107 operation?
جواب
The designated remote PIC. That person is directly responsible for the operation and must ensure it complies with applicable rules.
کارڈ 16
سوال
What airport environment usually has Class C airspace?
جواب
An airport with an operating tower, radar approach control, and qualifying traffic volume. Part 107 operations require prior authorization.
کارڈ 17
سوال
What makes crew communication effective?
جواب
Agreed roles, plain callouts, immediate hazard reports, acknowledgment of critical instructions, and a clear transfer-of-control procedure.
کارڈ 18
سوال
What is a SPECI?
جواب
An unscheduled special surface-weather report issued when significant conditions change or other criteria are met.
کارڈ 19
سوال
May a noncertificated person manipulate the controls?
جواب
Yes, under the direct supervision of a qualified remote PIC who can immediately take direct control.
کارڈ 20
سوال
Does using a visual observer transfer remote-PIC responsibility?
جواب
No. The visual observer supports awareness, while the remote PIC remains responsible and must ensure effective coordination.
کارڈ 21
سوال
What condition must the small UAS be in before flight?
جواب
A condition for safe operation. The remote PIC must inspect it before each flight and stop if a known condition would make the operation unsafe.
کارڈ 22
سوال
What airport environment usually has Class D airspace?
جواب
Airspace around an airport with an operating control tower. Part 107 operations require prior authorization.
کارڈ 23
سوال
What does a TAF provide?
جواب
A forecast for the area within roughly 5 statute miles of an airport during its stated valid period.
کارڈ 24
سوال
How should a remote PIC build a current internet weather briefing?
جواب
Cross-check current observations, forecasts, hazard advisories, and graphical products for the operation's place and time. Use current FAA/NWS or Flight Service sources and check each product's issue and valid times.
کارڈ 25
سوال
What is the remote PIC's role when automation flies the route?
جواب
Continuously monitor the aircraft, environment, control link, and automation mode, and remain ready to intervene before safety margins disappear.
کارڈ 26
سوال
When must a crewmember decline a Part 107 role for medical reasons?
جواب
When a physical or mental condition would interfere with safe operation of the small UAS.
کارڈ 27
سوال
Why must in-flight weight changes be planned?
جواب
Releasing payload or consuming fuel can improve some performance while shifting the center of gravity and changing control response.
کارڈ 28
سوال
When does Class E airspace require Part 107 authorization?
جواب
When it is the surface area designated for an airport. Other Class E airspace does not generally require Part 107 authorization.
کارڈ 29
سوال
What may the FAA inspect from a Part 107 operator?
جواب
The remote pilot certificate, identification, registration, required records, the small UAS, and information or tests needed to determine compliance.
کارڈ 30
سوال
What should a lost-link plan decide before flight?
جواب
The aircraft's automatic action, route and altitude, timeout, recovery area, crew callouts, and point at which the flight will be terminated safely.
کارڈ 31
سوال
What do ASOS and AWOS provide?
جواب
Automated surface weather observations. Their data are useful but still represent conditions at the sensor location.
کارڈ 32
سوال
How must a remote PIC carry the certificate during an operation?
جواب
The remote pilot certificate and identification must be in the person's physical possession and readily accessible.
کارڈ 33
سوال
What is the first priority during a flyaway?
جواب
Protect people and other aircraft: warn the crew, track the aircraft if possible, assess airspace and trajectory, and notify appropriate authorities when needed.
کارڈ 34
سوال
What is Class G airspace?
جواب
Uncontrolled airspace from the surface to the base of overlying controlled airspace. Part 107 does not require ATC authorization solely because the operation is in Class G.
کارڈ 35
سوال
Does a Part 107 drone at or below 0.55 pound need registration?
جواب
Yes. The weight-based registration exception applies only when the aircraft is flown exclusively under the limited recreational exception.
کارڈ 36
سوال
What should a remote PIC do after unexpected GPS loss?
جواب
Use the aircraft's known non-GPS control mode or contingency procedure, stabilize or land promptly, and avoid relying on automation that needs valid position data.
کارڈ 37
سوال
What is the center of gravity?
جواب
The point at which the aircraft's total weight can be considered concentrated.
کارڈ 38
سوال
What does the four-letter group after METAR identify?
جواب
The reporting station's ICAO identifier, such as a K-prefixed identifier in the contiguous United States.
کارڈ 39
سوال
How are aircraft registered for Part 107 operations?
جواب
Each aircraft is registered separately and receives its own registration number.
کارڈ 40
سوال
What should be done with a swollen, damaged, or overheating lithium battery?
جواب
Do not fly or charge it. Isolate it safely and follow the manufacturer and hazardous-material handling guidance.
کارڈ 41
سوال
Why is Class A not a normal Part 107 operating environment?
جواب
Class A begins at 18,000 feet MSL, far above ordinary Part 107 altitude limits.
کارڈ 42
سوال
How long is a Part 48 registration certificate valid?
جواب
Three years. Renewal verification may occur at any time within the six months preceding the month in which the certificate expires.
کارڈ 43
سوال
How is a METAR time group decoded?
جواب
The first two digits are the day of the month and the next four are UTC time; Z means Zulu, or UTC.
کارڈ 44
سوال
What is the safest basic lithium-battery charging practice?
جواب
Use compatible equipment on a nonflammable surface, monitor the charge, control temperature, and keep a suitable response plan nearby.
کارڈ 45
سوال
When must Part 48 registration information be updated or canceled?
جواب
Within 14 calendar days after an applicable change, destruction, transfer, export, or end of eligibility.
کارڈ 46
سوال
What registration document must be available during a Part 107 flight?
جواب
The aircraft's FAA registration certificate, as a paper or digital copy. Anyone operating the drone must have it in their possession while flying.
کارڈ 47
سوال
What moves an aircraft's center of gravity?
جواب
Changing where weight is placed, attached, shifted, or released.
کارڈ 48
سوال
What is the NAS, and what is ATC’s role within it?
جواب
The National Airspace System integrates U.S. airspace, facilities, services, rules, and people. ATC promotes a safe, orderly traffic flow and helps prevent collisions, but it doesn't replace the remote PIC's Part 107 or see-and-avoid duties.
کارڈ 49
سوال
What makes an emergency plan useful?
جواب
Specific triggers, immediate actions, crew callouts, safe landing areas, emergency contacts, and aircraft-specific procedures that the crew has reviewed before flight.
کارڈ 50
سوال
How is a Class B boundary shown on a sectional chart?
جواب
With solid blue lines. The charted altitude figures define the shelves and limits.
کارڈ 51
سوال
What is the first response to a lithium-battery fire?
جواب
Move people away, call emergency services as needed, follow the site and battery response plan, and use a suitable extinguisher only if trained. Damaged cells can reignite, so keep monitoring from a safe position.
کارڈ 52
سوال
How must a Part 48 registration number appear on a drone?
جواب
Legibly displayed, affixed, and visible on an external surface of the aircraft.
کارڈ 53
سوال
How is 22012KT decoded in a weather report?
جواب
Wind is from 220 degrees true at 12 knots.
کارڈ 54
سوال
What recurring factors contribute to many small-UAS accidents?
جواب
Weak planning, loss of control, failure to detect or yield to other aircraft, and poor judgment or decision-making. Careful planning, continuous control, traffic scanning, and conservative decisions reduce those risks.
کارڈ 55
سوال
Which drones must follow Remote ID operating rules?
جواب
Unmanned aircraft that are registered or required to be registered, unless a specific Part 89 exception or authorization applies.
کارڈ 56
سوال
What is the Part 107 maximum groundspeed?
جواب
87 knots, which is 100 miles per hour.
کارڈ 57
سوال
How is a Class C boundary shown on a sectional chart?
جواب
With solid magenta lines.
کارڈ 58
سوال
What are the three ordinary ways to comply with Remote ID?
جواب
Operate a Standard Remote ID drone, use an FAA-compliant broadcast module, or fly a nonbroadcasting drone entirely within a FRIA under its conditions.
کارڈ 59
سوال
What is the normal Part 107 altitude limit?
جواب
400 feet above ground level.
کارڈ 60
سوال
What does 18010G18KT mean?
جواب
Wind from 180 degrees true at 10 knots, gusting to 18 knots.
کارڈ 61
سوال
How should spare lithium batteries be transported safely?
جواب
Inspect them, protect the terminals from short circuit, and pack them against movement or damage. Don't transport a battery that is swollen, damaged, overheating, or subject to a safety recall unless it has been made safe under the applicable transport rules.
کارڈ 62
سوال
What should a pilot do if the loaded CG is outside approved limits?
جواب
Do not fly. Relocate or remove weight until the aircraft remains within limits for the entire operation.
کارڈ 63
سوال
What information does Standard Remote ID broadcast?
جواب
Aircraft identity; the drone's position, geometric altitude, and velocity; the control station's position and geometric altitude; a UTC time mark; and the aircraft's emergency status.
کارڈ 64
سوال
How is a Class D boundary shown on a sectional chart?
جواب
With a dashed blue line.
کارڈ 65
سوال
What altitude exception applies near a structure?
جواب
Within 400 feet horizontally of a structure, the drone may fly up to 400 feet above the structure's uppermost limit, subject to airspace and other rules.
کارڈ 66
سوال
What are the basic Part 107 visibility and cloud clearances?
جواب
At least 3 statute miles of flight visibility from the control station, 500 feet below clouds, and 2,000 feet horizontally from clouds.
کارڈ 67
سوال
What location replaces the control-station location in a broadcast-module message?
جواب
The aircraft's takeoff location and geometric altitude. The module also broadcasts its serial number and the aircraft's position, altitude, velocity, and time mark.
کارڈ 68
سوال
What must visual line of sight let the crew determine?
جواب
The aircraft's location, attitude, altitude, direction, nearby traffic and hazards, and whether it remains safe to operate.
کارڈ 69
سوال
How is a Class E surface area shown on a sectional chart?
جواب
With a dashed magenta line. A Part 107 operation inside its lateral boundary needs prior authorization.
کارڈ 70
سوال
What does 2SM mean in a METAR?
جواب
Prevailing visibility is 2 statute miles, below Part 107's normal 3-statute-mile minimum.
کارڈ 71
سوال
What must the person manipulating the controls do if Standard Remote ID or a broadcast module stops broadcasting in flight?
جواب
Land the aircraft as soon as practicable.
کارڈ 72
سوال
Why can a payload mounted off center be hazardous?
جواب
It creates an unbalanced moment, increases control effort, and may leave too little control authority to resist wind or recover from a disturbance.
کارڈ 73
سوال
May corrective lenses be used to maintain visual line of sight?
جواب
Yes. Vision must otherwise be unaided by devices such as binoculars.
کارڈ 74
سوال
What extra operating limit comes with a Remote ID broadcast module?
جواب
The person manipulating the controls must be able to see the aircraft at all times throughout the operation.
کارڈ 75
سوال
For METAR weather that accepts an intensity qualifier, what do
-,+, and no sign mean?جواب
-means light,+means heavy, and no sign means moderate. Apply that rule only to weather phenomena that use intensity qualifiers.کارڈ 76
سوال
What communication must a visual observer maintain?
جواب
Effective communication with the remote PIC and the person manipulating the controls so traffic and hazards can be shared promptly.
کارڈ 77
سوال
What does a shaded magenta Class E boundary usually indicate?
جواب
Class E begins at 700 feet AGL on the faded side of the boundary.
کارڈ 78
سوال
What conditions apply to a non-Remote-ID flight in a FRIA?
جواب
Both the aircraft and the person manipulating the controls must remain within the FRIA boundaries, and that person must see the aircraft throughout the flight.
کارڈ 79
سوال
How many drones may one person serve at once under Part 107?
جواب
One. A person may not manipulate controls, serve as remote PIC, or serve as visual observer for more than one operation at the same time.
کارڈ 80
سوال
How do FEW, SCT, BKN, and OVC differ?
جواب
FEW is more than 0 through 2/8 sky cover; SCT is 3/8–4/8; BKN is 5/8–7/8; and OVC is 8/8.
کارڈ 81
سوال
What can a weather chart or graphical product tell you—and what can't it?
جواب
It shows the broad location, movement, or forecast extent of weather. Its valid time, scale, symbols, and resolution limit it, so it doesn't replace current site-specific reports, forecasts, and advisories.
کارڈ 82
سوال
What is aircraft stability?
جواب
The inherent tendency to resist a disturbance or return toward the original flight condition.
کارڈ 83
سوال
What Remote ID detail belongs in a Part 107 registration record?
جواب
The serial number of the Standard Remote ID aircraft or the broadcast module used for that registered device.
کارڈ 84
سوال
Which aircraft have right of way over a small UAS?
جواب
All aircraft, airborne vehicles, and launch or reentry vehicles. The small UAS must yield and must not create a collision hazard.
کارڈ 85
سوال
What does a shaded blue Class E boundary usually indicate?
جواب
Class E begins at 1,200 feet AGL on the faded side of the boundary.
کارڈ 86
سوال
Can ADS-B Out satisfy Remote ID?
جواب
No. Part 89 expressly rejects ADS-B Out as a means of Remote ID compliance.
کارڈ 87
سوال
May a Part 107 small UAS carry hazardous material?
جواب
No. Part 107 prohibits carrying hazardous material as defined by federal hazardous-materials law.
کارڈ 88
سوال
Which reported cloud layers form a ceiling?
جواب
The lowest broken or overcast layer, or vertical visibility into an obscuration. Few and scattered layers are not ceilings.
کارڈ 89
سوال
Why must a remote pilot distinguish MSL from AGL?
جواب
MSL measures altitude from mean sea level, while AGL measures height above the local surface. Sectional airspace limits commonly use MSL; Part 107's normal height limit uses AGL.
کارڈ 90
سوال
What conduct does Part 107 prohibit as hazardous operation?
جواب
Careless or reckless operation that endangers another person's life or property, and dropping an object in a way that creates an undue hazard.
کارڈ 91
سوال
When may the FAA authorize a Remote ID deviation?
جواب
For an operation conducted solely for aeronautical research or to show compliance with regulations, or under another specific FAA authorization.
کارڈ 92
سوال
Why can a small-UAS radio link fail even within visual range?
جواب
Shared-band interference, barriers, antenna orientation, distance, or terrain can weaken a line-of-sight RF link. Check the site and link before flight, stay within manufacturer limits, and follow the lost-link plan.
کارڈ 93
سوال
What is CTAF?
جواب
The Common Traffic Advisory Frequency used for airport advisory practices at an airport without an operating control tower.
کارڈ 94
سوال
What is maneuverability?
جواب
The aircraft's ability to change attitude or flightpath and withstand the loads created by those maneuvers.
کارڈ 95
سوال
May a small UAS be operated from a moving aircraft?
جواب
No.
کارڈ 96
سوال
How do UNICOM and MULTICOM differ?
جواب
UNICOM is a nongovernment air-ground station that may provide airport information; MULTICOM is a common self-announce frequency used where no tower, FSS, or UNICOM is available.
کارڈ 97
سوال
Who may apply to establish a FRIA?
جواب
An FAA-recognized community-based organization or an educational institution. An individual pilot cannot establish one alone.
کارڈ 98
سوال
How is BKN015 decoded?
جواب
A broken cloud layer with a base 1,500 feet AGL.
کارڈ 99
سوال
How are sectional airspace altitudes commonly written?
جواب
In hundreds of feet MSL, with the ceiling above the floor. A floor marked SFC begins at the surface.
کارڈ 100
سوال
When may a small UAS be operated from a moving land or water vehicle?
جواب
Only over a sparsely populated area, and not while transporting another person's property for compensation or hire.
کارڈ 101
سوال
What does ATIS provide?
جواب
A repeating broadcast of current local weather and important noncontrol airport information, identified by a letter code that changes with updates.
کارڈ 102
سوال
What does “November” followed by letters or numbers identify in a traffic call?
جواب
A U.S. civil aircraft registration used as its call sign. Decode the remaining characters with standard digits and the aviation phonetic alphabet.
کارڈ 103
سوال
What must a foreign-registered drone obtain before U.S. Remote ID operations?
جواب
The operator must file the required Notice of Identification and receive an FAA Confirmation of Identification before operating in the United States.
کارڈ 104
سوال
What alcohol limits apply to a Part 107 crewmember?
جواب
No duty within 8 hours after drinking, while under the influence, or with a blood alcohol concentration of 0.04 percent or more.
کارڈ 105
سوال
How is M02/M05 decoded?
جواب
Temperature minus 2 degrees Celsius and dew point minus 5 degrees Celsius.
کارڈ 106
سوال
Must a Part 107 pilot routinely transmit on aviation radio near an airport?
جواب
No. Monitoring the correct frequency can improve awareness, but it does not replace visual vigilance or create a general transmission requirement.
کارڈ 107
سوال
What are A–I in the aviation phonetic alphabet?
جواب
Alfa, Bravo, Charlie, Delta, Echo, Foxtrot, Golf, Hotel, India.
کارڈ 108
سوال
What extra §107.29 conditions apply in ordinary daylight?
جواب
None solely because it is daylight. The night-knowledge and three-statute-mile anti-collision-light conditions in §107.29 do not apply, but every other applicable Part 107 requirement still does.
کارڈ 109
سوال
What does a blue versus magenta airport symbol usually tell you?
جواب
Blue generally identifies an airport with an operating control tower; magenta generally identifies a nontowered airport.
کارڈ 110
سوال
What Remote ID label should an operator verify?
جواب
A Standard Remote ID aircraft or broadcast module must carry the producer's legible, prominent, permanently affixed English label stating that it meets Part 89.
کارڈ 111
سوال
Does ordinary license-free drone-control equipment need an individual FCC operator license?
جواب
No, provided FCC-authorized equipment is used within the conditions of its license-free radio service. Equipment authorization applies to the device; other frequencies or radio services may require an individual operator or station license.
کارڈ 112
سوال
May a crewmember use a drug that impairs safe operation?
جواب
No. A person may not participate while using a drug that affects their faculties contrary to safety.
کارڈ 113
سوال
What is Local Airport Advisory service?
جواب
It is an FSS advisory service available only in Alaska, within 10 statute miles of an airport where the tower isn't operating and an FSS is located on the airport. Check the current Alaska Chart Supplement for availability.
کارڈ 114
سوال
What is controllability?
جواب
The aircraft's ability to respond to control inputs, regardless of how inherently stable it is.
کارڈ 115
سوال
What knowledge prerequisite applies to Part 107 night operations?
جواب
The remote PIC must have completed an initial knowledge test or training, as applicable under §107.65, after April 6, 2021. Applicable training may be initial Part 61 training or recurrent training.
کارڈ 116
سوال
How is A2992 decoded in a METAR?
جواب
An altimeter setting of 29.92 inches of mercury.
کارڈ 117
سوال
How should a remote pilot treat a towered airport when its control tower is closed?
جواب
Treat it as an airport without an operating tower: check the published CTAF and procedures, monitor traffic, and rely on see-and-avoid rather than tower control.
کارڈ 118
سوال
What does a crewed-aircraft self-announcement normally communicate?
جواب
The aircraft identity, airport, position, altitude when useful, and intentions. Use that information to project the traffic path; Part 107 doesn't create a routine transmit requirement.
کارڈ 119
سوال
What is a prohibited area?
جواب
Airspace where flight is prohibited for security or national-welfare reasons unless the responsible agency authorizes it.
کارڈ 120
سوال
What lighting is required for a Part 107 night flight?
جواب
Anti-collision lighting visible for at least 3 statute miles, with a flash rate sufficient to avoid a collision.
کارڈ 121
سوال
What relationship holds in steady, level flight?
جواب
Lift equals weight. If available lift becomes insufficient for the weight and conditions, altitude cannot be maintained.
کارڈ 122
سوال
What Remote ID check is required before takeoff with a broadcast module?
جواب
The person manipulating the controls must ensure the module is functioning as required by Part 89 before takeoff.
کارڈ 123
سوال
Why should a remote pilot understand the traffic pattern?
جواب
It predicts where crewed aircraft are likely to climb, descend, turn, and approach, helping the small UAS remain clear.
کارڈ 124
سوال
What are J–R in the aviation phonetic alphabet?
جواب
Juliett, Kilo, Lima, Mike, November, Oscar, Papa, Quebec, Romeo.
کارڈ 125
سوال
What certificate consequences can follow prohibited drug or alcohol conduct?
جواب
The FAA may deny an application for up to one year or suspend or revoke a certificate. Refusing a qualifying alcohol test or refusing to release requested results can trigger the same consequences.
کارڈ 126
سوال
What does RMK introduce in a METAR?
جواب
The remarks section, which can add sensor, pressure, lightning, visibility, and other details.
کارڈ 127
سوال
May anti-collision lighting be dimmed at night?
جواب
Its intensity may be reduced when necessary for safety, but it may not be extinguished during the operation.
کارڈ 128
سوال
What is a restricted area?
جواب
Airspace containing unusual, often invisible hazards such as artillery or missile activity. A Part 107 operation requires permission from the using or controlling agency, as applicable.
کارڈ 129
سوال
Which sources provide current airport operating data?
جواب
The sectional chart, Chart Supplement, current NOTAMs, and local broadcasts such as ATIS, ASOS, or AWOS.
کارڈ 130
سوال
Why do heliports and seaplane bases need separate traffic awareness?
جواب
Their traffic may use water, pads, or routes that don't match a runway pattern. Identify the facility on current charts and airport data, then watch for low or unexpected arrivals and departures.
کارڈ 131
سوال
What is a warning area?
جواب
Airspace extending from 3 nautical miles outward from the U.S. coast that warns of potentially hazardous activity where the United States lacks sole jurisdiction.
کارڈ 132
سوال
What is civil twilight for Part 107 outside Alaska?
جواب
The 30 minutes before official sunrise and the 30 minutes after official sunset. During civil twilight, the aircraft must have an anti-collision light visible for at least 3 statute miles with a flash rate sufficient to avoid collision; its intensity may be reduced, but not extinguished, when safety requires.
کارڈ 133
سوال
How is a runway number derived?
جواب
From the runway's magnetic direction rounded to the nearest 10 degrees, with the final zero omitted.
کارڈ 134
سوال
How far may a remote PIC deviate during an in-flight emergency?
جواب
Only as far as necessary to address that emergency.
کارڈ 135
سوال
How is the TAF valid period 2512/2618 decoded?
جواب
From 1200 UTC on the 25th until 1800 UTC on the 26th.
کارڈ 136
سوال
When is an emergency-deviation report required?
جواب
Only when the FAA requests one. The remote PIC must then provide a written report.
کارڈ 137
سوال
What do hold-position markings protect?
جواب
They mark a boundary that aircraft and vehicles must not cross without the required clearance or authorization, protecting an active runway or other controlled surface.
کارڈ 138
سوال
What are S–Z in the aviation phonetic alphabet?
جواب
Sierra, Tango, Uniform, Victor, Whiskey, Xray, Yankee, Zulu.
کارڈ 139
سوال
What is load factor?
جواب
The ratio of the aerodynamic load supported by the aircraft to its weight, expressed in Gs.
کارڈ 140
سوال
What should a remote pilot get from the current Chart Supplement?
جواب
Airport and runway details, lighting, communications, weather sources, notices, procedures, and other data that aren't readily shown graphically. The FAA issues the Chart Supplement every 56 days, so use the current edition.
کارڈ 141
سوال
Which Part 107 accidents require an FAA report?
جواب
Within 10 calendar days, report an operation causing serious injury or loss of consciousness, or qualifying damage to property other than the drone above the $500 threshold.
کارڈ 142
سوال
What is the purpose of a military operations area?
جواب
To separate specified military training activity from IFR traffic. Other pilots should check its status and exercise extreme caution.
کارڈ 143
سوال
How do hazard and risk differ?
جواب
A hazard is a condition that can cause harm; risk is the assessed likelihood and severity of that harm in the planned operation.
286 کارڈز
FAA Part 107 Flashcards: Remote Pilot Knowledge Test Review
یہ ڈیک مفت پڑھیںمطالعہ شروع کرنے کے لیے Nibomo کھلے گا۔
کارڈ 144
سوال
How can a remote pilot obtain a current established NOTAM?
جواب
Use FAA NOTAM Search or request it through Flight Service's current online or telephone briefing channels. Confirm the location, effective period, and any later change before flight.
کارڈ 145
سوال
What does SIDA mean at an airport?
جواب
Security Identification Display Area—a limited-access area that requires authorization and proper displayed identification. Don't enter if you aren't authorized; ask the airport authority when the boundary is unclear.
کارڈ 146
سوال
What does FM mark in a TAF?
جواب
A rapid, lasting change beginning at the stated time, after which the new forecast conditions apply.
کارڈ 147
سوال
Which controlled airspace needs prior Part 107 authorization?
جواب
Class B, C, and D airspace, plus the lateral boundaries of Class E surface areas designated for an airport.
کارڈ 148
سوال
What does PAVE organize?
جواب
Preflight risk into Pilot, Aircraft, enVironment, and External pressures.
کارڈ 149
سوال
What load factor occurs in a coordinated 60-degree level turn?
جواب
2 G. The aircraft must produce lift equal to twice its weight to hold altitude.
کارڈ 150
سوال
What rule applies near any airport without controlled-airspace authorization requirements?
جواب
The operation still may not interfere with airport traffic patterns or operations.
کارڈ 151
سوال
How does traffic awareness differ with an operating tower versus a closed or nontowered airport?
جواب
With an operating tower, monitor its published frequency and use the traffic picture it provides. When the tower is closed or absent, use the published CTAF and nontowered procedures. Monitoring never authorizes the UAS or replaces visual vigilance and other Part 107 duties.
کارڈ 152
سوال
What does an alert area signal?
جواب
A high volume of pilot training or unusual aerial activity. All pilots remain responsible for collision avoidance.
کارڈ 153
سوال
What does IMSAFE check?
جواب
Personal fitness through Illness, Medication, Stress, Alcohol, Fatigue, and Emotion.
کارڈ 154
سوال
How do TEMPO and PROB30 differ in a TAF?
جواب
TEMPO describes temporary fluctuations during a period; PROB30 gives a 30 percent probability of specified conditions during its period.
کارڈ 155
سوال
What is needed to enter prohibited or restricted airspace?
جواب
Permission from the using or controlling agency, as applicable, in addition to compliance with other requirements.
کارڈ 156
سوال
How are altitude, direction, speed, and time normally spoken on aviation radio?
جواب
Use distinct digits and the standard label: 12,500 is “one two thousand five hundred”; heading 270 is “heading two seven zero”; 15 knots is “one five knots”; 0930 UTC is “zero niner three zero Zulu.”
کارڈ 157
سوال
What are the three steps of the 3P model?
جواب
Perceive hazards, Process their effect on safety, and Perform the best risk control. Repeat as conditions change.
کارڈ 158
سوال
What must a remote PIC do about a temporary flight restriction?
جواب
Check current NOTAMs before flight and comply with the TFR unless specifically authorized otherwise.
کارڈ 159
سوال
For §107.9 reporting, what counts as a serious injury?
جواب
An injury at Abbreviated Injury Scale Level 3 or higher. Loss of consciousness remains a separate reporting trigger even without that injury classification.
کارڈ 160
سوال
Why is a controlled firing area not charted?
جواب
Its hazardous activity must stop when a spotter, radar, or lookout detects an approaching aircraft, so nonparticipating aircraft need not reroute around it.
کارڈ 161
سوال
What are the legs and normal turn direction of a standard airport traffic pattern?
جواب
Departure, upwind, crosswind, downwind, base, and final approach are distinct components; upwind is not another name for departure. Standard traffic uses left turns unless airport markings or current publications specify otherwise.
کارڈ 162
سوال
What does a Convective SIGMET warn about?
جواب
Significant convective hazards such as severe, embedded, or organized thunderstorms, including qualifying hail, wind, or tornado risk.
کارڈ 163
سوال
How do CARE and TEAM support a risk decision?
جواب
CARE processes Consequences, Alternatives, Reality, and External factors; TEAM chooses to Transfer, Eliminate, Accept, or Mitigate the risk.
کارڈ 164
سوال
What must preflight familiarization cover?
جواب
Local weather, airspace and restrictions, people and property, ground hazards, crew roles, control links, power, attachments, and the aircraft's condition.
کارڈ 165
سوال
What night-lighting check belongs in the preflight inspection?
جواب
Verify that the required anti-collision light works, is positioned and rated to remain visible for at least 3 statute miles, and has enough power for the planned flight and landing.
کارڈ 166
سوال
How does increased load factor affect fixed-wing stall speed?
جواب
Stall speed rises with the square root of load factor, so steep or abrupt maneuvers can cause a stall at a higher airspeed.
کارڈ 167
سوال
What does an MTR identifier reveal?
جواب
IR denotes an IFR route, and VR denotes a VFR route. Four digits mean no route segment is above 1,500 feet AGL, while three digits mean at least one segment is above 1,500 feet AGL; a trailing letter may identify an alternate route. Expect fast, low-altitude military traffic.
کارڈ 168
سوال
What extra limits apply when transporting property for compensation under Part 107?
جواب
The transport must stay wholly within one State, territory, or U.S. possession, or within the District of Columbia. It must also remain within visual line of sight, use no moving vehicle, and keep the aircraft plus property under 55 pounds.
کارڈ 169
سوال
What is crew resource management?
جواب
The effective use of people, equipment, and information to coordinate the operation and make safer decisions.
کارڈ 170
سوال
What is density altitude?
جواب
Pressure altitude corrected for nonstandard temperature. Operationally, it describes the air density the aircraft performs as though it were experiencing.
کارڈ 171
سوال
May a Part 107 drone transmit with a transponder?
جواب
Not unless the FAA authorizes or directs its use.
کارڈ 172
سوال
How is a temporary flight restriction established?
جواب
Through an FDC NOTAM that states the location, effective time, dimensions, altitudes, reason, and coordinating facility.
کارڈ 173
سوال
What should a remote pilot do about birds or other wildlife near the route?
جواب
Avoid known concentrations and migration activity, then divert or land before a conflict develops. Report any wildlife strike through the FAA Wildlife Strike Database or Form 5200-7.
کارڈ 174
سوال
What is situational awareness?
جواب
An accurate understanding of the aircraft, crew, environment, mission, and how those conditions are likely to change.
کارڈ 175
سوال
What colors normally distinguish runway and taxiway markings?
جواب
Runway markings are white; taxiway markings are yellow. Holding-position markings are also yellow, even when placed on a runway.
کارڈ 176
سوال
How does high density altitude affect a small UAS?
جواب
Thinner air reduces propeller, wing, and cooling performance, often lowering payload, climb rate, and endurance.
کارڈ 177
سوال
What is single-pilot resource management?
جواب
Managing every available resource before and during flight so one pilot can maintain awareness, control workload, assess risk, and decide well.
کارڈ 178
سوال
Which conditions raise density altitude?
جواب
Higher elevation or lower pressure, higher temperature, and higher humidity.
کارڈ 179
سوال
What is the minimum age for a remote pilot certificate?
جواب
- The applicant normally must also read, speak, write, and understand English and have no disqualifying physical or mental condition. If a medical reason prevents meeting an English requirement, the FAA may place operating limitations on the certificate.
کارڈ 180
سوال
What is an early sign of task saturation?
جواب
Working harder while accomplishing less, missing inputs, or fixating on one item. Stop, slow down, prioritize, and reduce workload.
کارڈ 181
سوال
May ADS-B Out be transmitted during a Part 107 operation?
جواب
Not unless the FAA authorizes or directs it. ADS-B Out is also not a substitute for Remote ID.
کارڈ 182
سوال
Where should a pilot look for frequent parachute-jump activity?
جواب
The sectional chart and current Chart Supplement, then current NOTAMs for time-sensitive activity.
کارڈ 183
سوال
Why should a small UAS never fly beneath an unmanned free balloon?
جواب
Its payload suspension or trailing antenna may be hard to see and extend below the balloon. Stay well clear rather than passing underneath.
کارڈ 184
سوال
What personal equipment should a remote pilot prepare for night operations?
جواب
Keep a reliable dimmable white or red flashlight, fresh or spare batteries, and needed charts and checklists accessible. This is an operator-equipment recommendation, separate from the aircraft-lighting rule in §107.29.
کارڈ 185
سوال
Why does high humidity reduce aircraft performance?
جواب
Moist air is less dense than dry air, so the propellers or wings produce less force under otherwise equal conditions.
کارڈ 186
سوال
Why are external pressures dangerous?
جواب
Schedule, client, money, or pride can make a pilot discount weather, condition, or skill limits. A preplanned cancellation rule protects the decision.
کارڈ 187
سوال
May someone take the initial Part 107 knowledge test before age 16?
جواب
Yes, at age 14 or older. Certificate eligibility still begins at age 16.
کارڈ 188
سوال
What is the usual first-time certification path without a qualifying Part 61 certificate?
جواب
Pass the initial Unmanned Aircraft General—Small knowledge test, then complete the FAA application and vetting process.
کارڈ 189
سوال
Why can high temperature shorten a battery-powered flight?
جواب
The aircraft may need more power in less-dense air while the battery and electronics face greater thermal stress.
کارڈ 190
سوال
How should the anti-authority attitude be countered?
جواب
Pause and follow the applicable rule or procedure; do not dismiss it merely because someone else imposed it.
کارڈ 191
سوال
What is a TRSA?
جواب
A Terminal Radar Service Area where participating pilots may receive additional radar services. Participation is voluntary, and the underlying airspace classes still control Part 107 authorization.
کارڈ 192
سوال
What do common airport beacon colors identify?
جواب
A white-and-green beacon identifies a lighted land airport; a white-and-yellow beacon identifies a lighted water airport or seaplane base; and a green-yellow-white beacon identifies a lighted heliport.
کارڈ 193
سوال
What alternative initial path is available to a qualifying Part 61 pilot?
جواب
With a current Part 61 certificate and a flight review within the preceding 24 calendar months, complete the FAA initial online course and identity-validation process.
کارڈ 194
سوال
What can a rapidly falling barometric pressure signal?
جواب
Approaching poor weather or a developing storm system. It is a trend to investigate, not a go/no-go answer by itself.
کارڈ 195
سوال
How should impulsivity be countered?
جواب
Slow down long enough to identify the hazard, options, and safest next action.
کارڈ 196
سوال
What is a National Security Area?
جواب
Airspace where pilots are asked to avoid flight to protect sensitive ground facilities; a NOTAM may temporarily make avoidance mandatory.
کارڈ 197
سوال
What should a remote pilot extract from tower transmissions?
جواب
Identify the aircraft, its position or runway, direction, altitude when stated, and the controller's instruction or the pilot's intention. Use that traffic picture to remain clear; monitoring does not authorize the UAS or replace visual vigilance.
کارڈ 198
سوال
How recent must Part 107 aeronautical knowledge be?
جواب
The remote pilot must have completed an accepted initial or recurrent path within the preceding 24 calendar months.
کارڈ 199
سوال
How does a strong headwind affect the return leg?
جواب
It lowers groundspeed and increases the time and energy needed to return. Plan reserve for the worst expected leg, not the easy outbound leg.
کارڈ 200
سوال
How should invulnerability be countered?
جواب
Treat the hazard as personally relevant: the same failure can happen on this flight.
کارڈ 201
سوال
How do stable and unstable air usually differ?
جواب
Stable air favors smooth conditions, stratiform clouds, haze, and steady precipitation; unstable air favors turbulence, vertical clouds, and showery precipitation.
کارڈ 202
سوال
Which current FAA recurrent courses serve Part 107 pilots?
جواب
ALC-677 is available to Part 107 certificate holders generally; ALC-515 is the recurrent path for a qualifying current Part 61 pilot with a current flight review.
کارڈ 203
سوال
What is a published VFR route?
جواب
A charted route for moving around, under, or through complex airspace. It does not by itself authorize a Part 107 operation.
کارڈ 204
سوال
What do red, green, and white position lights reveal about a crewed aircraft?
جواب
Red marks its left side, green its right side, and white its tail. Use the pattern to judge direction; red on your right and green on your left can indicate that the aircraft is coming toward you.
کارڈ 205
سوال
How should a macho attitude be countered?
جواب
Reject the need to prove skill by taking risk; conservative choices demonstrate sound command.
کارڈ 206
سوال
What is a temperature inversion?
جواب
A layer where temperature increases with altitude. It is stable and can trap fog, haze, smoke, and pollutants near the surface.
کارڈ 207
سوال
How long can full dark adaptation take?
جواب
About 30 minutes in darkness. Bright light can undo it within seconds, so protect night vision before and during the operation.
کارڈ 208
سوال
Does a current remote pilot retake the UAG test for routine recency?
جواب
No. Current FAA recurrent training is completed online; the old recurrent knowledge-test model is obsolete.
کارڈ 209
سوال
What counts toward the 55-pound small-UA limit?
جواب
The aircraft and everything on board or attached at takeoff, including payload, guards, lights, and a Remote ID module.
کارڈ 210
سوال
How soon may an applicant retake a failed Part 107 knowledge test?
جواب
After 14 calendar days.
کارڈ 211
سوال
How do source regions shape an air mass?
جواب
The source region sets the air mass's basic temperature and moisture: continental air is dry, maritime air is moist, polar air is cold, and tropical air is warm.
کارڈ 212
سوال
How should resignation be countered?
جواب
Identify the actions and resources still available; the pilot can change the outcome.
کارڈ 213
سوال
What happens 30 days after a permanent mailing-address change?
جواب
The remote pilot may no longer exercise certificate privileges until the FAA has been notified of the new address.
کارڈ 214
سوال
How can dehydration or heat stress affect a remote pilot?
جواب
It can cause headache, cramps, dizziness, fatigue, poor concentration, and eventually collapse. Hydrate, cool down, and stop before judgment degrades.
کارڈ 215
سوال
Why must NOTAMs be checked even with a current sectional?
جواب
They carry time-critical changes such as TFRs, closures, outages, hazards, and procedures that may not appear on the chart.
کارڈ 216
سوال
How can precipitation static affect a small UAS?
جواب
Charge from rain, snow, fog, dust, or similar particles can interfere with radios, sensors, or the control link. Avoid the condition and follow the aircraft's limits rather than relying on recovery after interference starts.
کارڈ 217
سوال
How long may a temporary remote pilot certificate remain effective?
جواب
Up to 120 calendar days. It ends sooner at the earliest of its printed expiration date, receipt of the permanent certificate, or receipt of notice that the sought certificate is denied or revoked.
کارڈ 218
سوال
What can follow cheating on a Part 107 knowledge test?
جواب
For one year, the person is prohibited from applying for any FAA certificate, rating, or authorization and from applying for or taking any FAA test. A held certificate or rating may also be suspended or revoked.
کارڈ 219
سوال
How can operational stress affect a remote pilot?
جواب
It can narrow attention, cause fixation or haste, and degrade judgment. Reduce workload, pause and reassess, or delay or cancel the flight when stress compromises safe decisions.
کارڈ 220
سوال
What do basic runway and taxiway light colors mean?
جواب
Runway edge lights are normally white and taxiway edge lights blue. Threshold lights show green toward an arriving aircraft, while runway-end lights show red toward the runway.
کارڈ 221
سوال
What should a pilot do when hyperventilating?
جواب
Recognize the rapid breathing, consciously slow the breathing rate, speak or breathe deliberately, and stop the operation if normal function does not return.
کارڈ 222
سوال
What should a night-flight contingency plan decide?
جواب
How to stop or land safely after loss of required lighting, visual orientation, control link, or a safe view of traffic and obstacles. Preselect a suitable recovery area and brief the trigger for ending the flight.
کارڈ 223
سوال
What does a narrowing temperature–dew point spread suggest?
جواب
Air is approaching saturation, increasing the chance of fog, low clouds, dew, or precipitation.
کارڈ 224
سوال
Does a remote pilot certificate itself expire?
جواب
No, but its privileges require current aeronautical knowledge within the preceding 24 calendar months.
کارڈ 225
سوال
How do mandatory-instruction and location signs differ?
جواب
Mandatory-instruction signs have a red background with a white inscription. Location signs have a black background with a yellow inscription and border.
کارڈ 226
سوال
What is LAANC used for?
جواب
It is an FAA system for requesting near-real-time Part 107 airspace authorization at participating facilities, subject to the published altitude grid and operating conditions.
کارڈ 227
سوال
How should a new medication be handled before flight?
جواب
Do not assume over-the-counter means safe. Check the condition and medication effects, allow time to identify side effects, and avoid flying if judgment or alertness may be impaired.
کارڈ 228
سوال
What must a Part 107 waiver applicant demonstrate?
جواب
That the proposed operation can be conducted safely under the waiver's terms and conditions.
کارڈ 229
سوال
How can fog form near the surface?
جواب
When air cools to its dew point, moisture is added, or moist air moves over a colder surface. Light wind can help mix a shallow layer; strong wind may lift it into low stratus.
کارڈ 230
سوال
What must be checked after attaching a payload?
جواب
Total weight, center of gravity, security of attachment, control response, power demand, clearances, and any category or manufacturer limits.
کارڈ 231
سوال
Why can fatigue be hard to self-detect?
جواب
It reduces attention, coordination, communication, and judgment while also weakening the person's ability to recognize that decline.
کارڈ 232
سوال
What do common obstruction-lighting systems look like at night?
جواب
Aviation-red systems show red lights at night. Flashing-white systems use white lights, with reduced night intensity where applicable. Dual systems use white lights by day and red lights at night.
کارڈ 233
سوال
Does a Part 107 waiver suspend every operating rule?
جواب
No. It applies only to the specifically waived sections and remains subject to all listed conditions and limitations.
کارڈ 234
سوال
Does an airspace authorization waive other Part 107 rules?
جواب
No. It permits the specified controlled-airspace operation but does not waive altitude, VLOS, weather, TFR, airport-interference, or other requirements.
کارڈ 235
سوال
How should a Part 107 crew handle laser activity or illumination?
جواب
Avoid known or NOTAMed laser activity. If the remote pilot or control station is illuminated, look away, protect vision, and land or terminate if vision or control is affected. If you witness a laser illuminate any aircraft, record useful details and report the incident through the applicable FAA channel.
کارڈ 236
سوال
How should a pilot scan for traffic and obstacles?
جواب
Use short, overlapping visual sectors with brief pauses instead of one continuous sweep, and move the scan between near and far areas.
کارڈ 237
سوال
How should a remote pilot look for a dim object at night?
جواب
Look about 5° to 10° to one side instead of staring straight at it. Off-center viewing puts the image on rod-rich retina outside the central night blind spot.
کارڈ 238
سوال
What is prohibited regarding Part 107 certificates, records, and reports?
جواب
Fraudulent or intentionally false statements, reproduction for a fraudulent purpose, and alteration.
کارڈ 239
سوال
What kinds of Part 107 rules may an FAA waiver address?
جواب
Only the rules listed in §107.205: moving operations; night or civil-twilight anti-collision lighting; VLOS, visual-observer, and one-aircraft limits; yielding and flight over people or moving vehicles; controlled-airspace authorization; and §107.51 operating limits. Moving-operation and VLOS waivers can't authorize compensated carriage of another person's property.
کارڈ 240
سوال
When may a drone fly over a person without using Category 1–4?
جواب
When the person directly participates in the operation, or is under a covered structure or inside a stationary vehicle that provides reasonable protection from a falling drone.
کارڈ 241
سوال
What changes should be expected near a front?
جواب
Temperature, wind, moisture, clouds, and precipitation can change quickly across the boundary between air masses.
کارڈ 242
سوال
What is the first concern when operating near an airport traffic pattern?
جواب
Avoid interfering with crewed-aircraft operations and maintain awareness of arrivals, departures, and the published traffic pattern.
کارڈ 243
سوال
Does an older manufacture date automatically bar a drone from Part 107 use?
جواب
No. It may operate if it meets all current requirements that apply to the operation, including registration, Remote ID, condition, and any operations-over-people category.
کارڈ 244
سوال
What is autokinesis?
جواب
A stationary light can appear to move when stared at against a dark background. Shift the gaze and use other references instead of fixating.
کارڈ 245
سوال
Does Part 107 set one universal stand-off distance from people?
جواب
No. The remote PIC selects and adjusts a safe distance from the aircraft's path, speed, maneuverability, environment, people, likely failures, and emergency landing options.
کارڈ 246
سوال
Why is a battery reserve part of performance planning?
جواب
Wind, temperature, maneuvering, holding, and an alternate landing area can consume more energy than the nominal mission estimate.
کارڈ 247
سوال
What makes a microburst dangerous near the surface?
جواب
It is an intense, localized downdraft that spreads outward at the surface, producing rapid vertical and horizontal wind shear with little low-altitude recovery margin.
کارڈ 248
سوال
What makes a drone eligible for Category 1 operations over people?
جواب
It must weigh 0.55 pound or less throughout the operation, including attachments, and have no exposed rotating parts that would lacerate human skin.
کارڈ 249
سوال
How do buildings and terrain affect low-level wind?
جواب
They can create gusts, rotors, downdrafts, and turbulence downwind. The stronger the wind and larger the obstacle, the greater the hazard.
کارڈ 250
سوال
Why should a small UAS stay clear of smoke-stack and cooling-tower plumes?
جواب
Visible or invisible hot exhaust can create turbulence, vertical shear, reduced visibility, contamination, and icing. Stay clear—preferably upwind—because the plume's extent is hard to predict.
کارڈ 251
سوال
What is a false-horizon illusion?
جواب
Sloping clouds, terrain, or lights can be mistaken for the true horizon, leading to an incorrect attitude judgment.
کارڈ 252
سوال
What should an operations-over-people contingency plan decide?
جواب
When to stop, divert, or land away from people after lost link, component failure, an eligibility-changing configuration issue, or unexpected crowd movement—and who will call and execute that action.
کارڈ 253
سوال
From where is Part 107 flight visibility measured?
جواب
From the location of the control station, not from a nearby airport weather sensor.
کارڈ 254
سوال
What injury threshold defines Category 2 eligibility?
جواب
The aircraft must not cause injury equivalent to or greater than the severity caused by transferring 11 foot-pounds of kinetic energy upon impact from a rigid object. It must also meet the rule's rotating-part and safety-defect requirements.
کارڈ 255
سوال
What is the baseline source for small-UAS maintenance?
جواب
The current manufacturer or builder instructions, supplemented by the operator's inspection and maintenance program for the actual use and environment.
کارڈ 256
سوال
Why is low-level wind shear dangerous to a small UAS?
جواب
A rapid change in wind speed or direction can abruptly change airspeed, lift, attitude, and ground track close to obstacles or terrain.
کارڈ 257
سوال
Why are guy wires a serious low-altitude hazard?
جواب
They can extend far from a tower and remain nearly invisible even in good weather. Give towers and their support systems wide clearance.
کارڈ 258
سوال
What injury threshold defines Category 3 eligibility?
جواب
The aircraft must not cause injury equivalent to or greater than the severity caused by transferring 25 foot-pounds of kinetic energy upon impact from a rigid object. It must also meet the rule's rotating-part and safety-defect requirements.
کارڈ 259
سوال
Which data controls an aircraft's exact loading limits?
جواب
The current manufacturer or builder operating instructions and limitations for that aircraft and configuration.
کارڈ 260
سوال
Who may perform maintenance on a Part 107 small UAS?
جواب
Part 107 generally doesn't require an FAA mechanic certificate. Follow manufacturer-required personnel or use someone with suitable expertise; Category 4 separately requires the person to have the knowledge, skill, and appropriate equipment under §107.140(c).
کارڈ 261
سوال
What makes a tornado a no-go hazard for a small UAS?
جواب
It combines extreme, rapidly changing winds, violent vertical motion, debris, and an unpredictable path. Stay well clear of any tornado or tornado-producing storm; don't try to observe it from the air.
کارڈ 262
سوال
What is the core requirement for Category 4 operations over people?
جواب
The aircraft must have an FAA airworthiness certificate and be operated and maintained under its approved operating limitations.
کارڈ 263
سوال
What should Category 2 or 3 remote-pilot operating instructions tell the pilot?
جواب
They should describe the system and its limitations; eligible categories and required components; allowed modifications; and how to verify or change the applicable configuration or operating mode.
کارڈ 264
سوال
Why can an unlighted structure be more hazardous at night?
جواب
Its silhouette and support wires may disappear against the background. Chart review, site inspection, lighting checks, and conservative separation become more important.
کارڈ 265
سوال
Why is hail a no-go hazard for a small UAS?
جواب
It can damage propellers, rotors, sensors, antennas, batteries, and the airframe, while nearby convective turbulence and downdrafts can overwhelm control. Avoid any storm producing or forecast to produce hail.
کارڈ 266
سوال
What performance check follows a repair or configuration change?
جواب
Verify weight, balance, control response, power, links, sensors, and expected endurance in a safe environment before returning to the planned mission.
کارڈ 267
سوال
When may a Category 2 or 3 drone carry an optional component or payload?
جواب
Only when the remote pilot operating instructions allow that component, payload, or modification for the declared configuration. It must remain securely attached and within every listed limitation.
کارڈ 268
سوال
What is the Part 107 response to an emergency airborne inspection of another aircraft?
جواب
Stay clear and yield; don't improvise a close pass. Proximity, wake or downwash, stress, communications, separation, and escape-path risks can endanger both aircraft.
کارڈ 269
سوال
Why should a small UAS avoid lightning activity?
جواب
A strike or nearby electrical discharge can damage electronics, interrupt navigation or control links, and injure people on the ground. Stay clear of thunderstorms and land or delay when lightning threatens the operating area.
کارڈ 270
سوال
For Part 107 Category 1, 2, or 4 sustained flight over an open-air assembly, which Remote ID methods qualify, and what is the Category 3 rule?
جواب
Use either a Standard Remote ID aircraft that meets §89.110 or a broadcast-module operation that meets §89.115(a). A nonbroadcast FRIA operation under §89.115(b) does not qualify, and Category 3 operations over an open-air assembly are prohibited.
کارڈ 271
سوال
How do an operations-over-people MOC and DOC differ?
جواب
An MOC is the FAA-accepted test, analysis, or inspection method. A DOC identifies that MOC and attests that the declared aircraft or configuration meets the applicable Category 2 or 3 and safety-defect requirements.
کارڈ 272
سوال
Why must frost or structural icing be removed before flight?
جواب
It disrupts airflow, reduces lift, adds weight, increases drag, and can degrade propeller or control-surface performance.
کارڈ 273
سوال
What hazards peak in a mature thunderstorm?
جواب
Strong updrafts and downdrafts, severe turbulence, gust fronts, microbursts, hail, lightning, heavy rain, and possible tornadoes. Avoid the storm rather than trying to judge a safe path through it.
کارڈ 274
سوال
Where may a Category 3 drone operate over people?
جواب
At a closed or restricted-access site with notice to entrants, or without sustained flight over people except for participants or people protected by a structure or stationary vehicle.
کارڈ 275
سوال
What maintenance records are required for Category 4?
جواب
Record the work, date, and person for one year or until the work is repeated or superseded. Retain life-limited-part, inspection, and airworthiness-directive status and transfer those status records with the aircraft.
کارڈ 276
سوال
What should the remote PIC evaluate when selecting an area for operations over people?
جواب
Evaluate people, moving vehicles and vessels; terrain and structures; the planned path, aircraft performance, and maneuverability; weather; likely failures, escape routes, and emergency landing options; and the pilot's familiarity with the site. Reassess as conditions change.
کارڈ 277
سوال
When may a Category 4 drone operate over people inside moving vehicles?
جواب
Only when the aircraft has the required airworthiness certificate and its operating limitations don't prohibit operations over people inside moving vehicles.
کارڈ 278
سوال
How can a modification affect operations-over-people eligibility?
جواب
A change to weight, structure, rotating parts, software, or required components can invalidate the demonstrated category unless the current approval and instructions cover that configuration.
کارڈ 279
سوال
Are maintenance records useful when Part 107 doesn't require Category 4 records?
جواب
Yes. FAA guidance recommends logging inspections, repairs, alterations, software changes, component time, and return-to-service checks. Category 4 has a separate mandatory record system.
کارڈ 280
سوال
What must be satisfied for a Part 107 operation over people at night?
جواب
Both the applicable Subpart D category rules and §107.29 night rules must be met. The remote PIC needs the applicable night knowledge or training, and the aircraft must stay in an eligible configuration with any operating instructions followed and an anti-collision light visible for at least 3 statute miles with a sufficient flash rate.
کارڈ 281
سوال
How long must Category 2 or 3 MOC and DOC support records be kept?
جواب
A DOC producer keeps supporting data for two years after production ends; a designer or modifier keeps it for two years after submitting the DOC. An MOC submitter keeps its description and justification while the MOC remains FAA-accepted.
کارڈ 282
سوال
What must the remote PIC check on a Category 2 or 3 aircraft?
جواب
The required category label, FAA-accepted Declaration of Compliance listing, current operating instructions, required components, and condition for safe operation.
کارڈ 283
سوال
When may a Category 1, 2, or 3 drone operate over moving vehicles?
جواب
At a closed- or restricted-access site where everyone inside a moving vehicle is on notice, or when the aircraft does not maintain sustained flight over moving vehicles. A brief, one-time transit can be incidental; hovering, circling, or repeated back-and-forth passes are sustained flight.
کارڈ 284
سوال
May a drone qualify for more than one operations-over-people category?
جواب
Yes, but it must not be able to switch inadvertently into a configuration that fails the category being used.
کارڈ 285
سوال
Who becomes the applicant for a self-built or materially modified Category 2 or 3 drone?
جواب
The person who produces, designs, builds from separate components, or makes an eligibility-changing modification. Before Category 2 or 3 operations, that applicant must show compliance through an FAA-accepted MOC and submit a new DOC.
کارڈ 286
سوال
What should follow maintenance before a normal mission?
جواب
Document the work as appropriate, inspect the aircraft, verify correct assembly and software settings, and perform a controlled functional check.
286 کارڈز
FAA Part 107 Flashcards: Remote Pilot Knowledge Test Review
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