FAA Part 107 Flashcards: Remote Pilot Knowledge Test Review
Review the current FAA Part 107 knowledge areas with concise recall, practical scenarios, airspace and weather interpretation, operating limits, and recency rules.
Sobre este baralho
Prepare for the FAA Remote Pilot knowledge test and keep core Part 107 decisions fresh. These 286 independently written cards cover every current ACS knowledge area, moving from foundational rules into airspace, weather reports, aircraft loading and performance, airport awareness, emergencies, operations over people, Remote ID, aeronautical decision-making, maintenance, and recurrent knowledge.
The cards practice rule-to-action, cue-to-meaning, code-to-interpretation, and short scenario-to-decision recall. Most prompts isolate one fact or decision; a few compact sets cover material learners naturally recall together, such as phonetic-alphabet chunks and radio phraseology. Unhelpful reverse variants and chart-dependent problems are excluded. The deterministic sequence teaches prerequisites before dependent ideas, interleaves the five public groups, and separates confusing variants. Initial certification and recurrent training are treated as separate paths, with current requirements reviewed against official sources on August 25, 2026. FAA-S-ACS-10B remains the current indexed topic guide; the current UAG Applicant Information Bulletin governs test distribution.
License scope: “Common knowledge · CC0 1.0” applies only to this deck’s independently written prompts, answers, examples, organization, and metadata, to the extent rights exist. It does not claim ownership of facts, laws, FAA names or publications, third-party marks, or source material.
Independent and unofficial; not affiliated with, endorsed by, or produced by the FAA, DOT, PSI, or any testing provider. No FAA or competitor test questions, answer choices, commercial-deck text, charts, logos, or third-party media were copied. Regulatory definitions and rules were independently condensed and may retain legally necessary terminology. Verify current requirements with the FAA certification path, Remote Pilot ACS, current UAG Applicant Information Bulletin, FAA study guide, and 14 CFR Part 107.
Cartões deste baralho
Cartão 1
Pergunta
When does 14 CFR Part 107 generally apply?
Resposta
It generally applies to civil operations of small unmanned aircraft in the United States that are not conducted under another authority, such as the limited recreational exception.
Cartão 2
Pergunta
Who must receive the preflight operating briefing?
Resposta
Everyone directly participating in the operation, including visual observers and people manipulating the controls. Cover conditions, roles, hazards, and normal and emergency procedures.
Cartão 3
Pergunta
What is controlled airspace?
Resposta
Airspace of defined dimensions where ATC service is provided according to the airspace classification. For Part 107, authorization depends on the specific class and area.
Cartão 4
Pergunta
What is the basic difference between a weather observation and a forecast?
Resposta
An observation reports conditions that exist now at a location; a forecast predicts conditions for a future period and area.
Cartão 5
Pergunta
What is a small unmanned aircraft under Part 107?
Resposta
An unmanned aircraft weighing less than 55 pounds at takeoff, including everything on board or attached.
Cartão 6
Pergunta
What site conditions belong in a preflight assessment?
Resposta
Weather, airspace, restrictions, people, moving vehicles, wildlife, structures, wires, launch and recovery areas, lighting, interference, and alternate landing areas.
Cartão 7
Pergunta
Does being below maximum takeoff weight guarantee a safe takeoff?
Resposta
No. Elevation, temperature, humidity, wind, launch area, obstacles, battery condition, and aircraft limits may require a lower weight.
Cartão 8
Pergunta
What is the typical shape and purpose of Class B airspace?
Resposta
Individually tailored layers around the nation's busiest airports, often resembling an upside-down wedding cake. Part 107 operations require prior authorization.
Cartão 9
Pergunta
What control-link checks belong before takeoff?
Resposta
Verify pairing, command response, antenna and frequency setup, interference risk, lost-link behavior, range needs, and crew communication.
Cartão 10
Pergunta
What does a small unmanned aircraft system include?
Resposta
The aircraft plus the communication links and components needed to control it safely and efficiently.
Cartão 11
Pergunta
What does a METAR report?
Resposta
Current surface weather at an airport or reporting station in a standard coded format.
Cartão 12
Pergunta
When must a remote PIC be designated?
Resposta
Before or during the flight. Every Part 107 operation must have a designated remote pilot in command.
Cartão 13
Pergunta
What power and attachment checks belong before takeoff?
Resposta
Confirm adequate battery or fuel, secure installation, correct payload and guards, unobstructed sensors and moving parts, and the intended configuration.
Cartão 14
Pergunta
How does excess weight usually affect aircraft performance?
Resposta
It reduces climb, ceiling, range, endurance, and maneuverability while increasing power demand and structural load.
Cartão 15
Pergunta
Who has final authority for a Part 107 operation?
Resposta
The designated remote PIC. That person is directly responsible for the operation and must ensure it complies with applicable rules.
Cartão 16
Pergunta
What airport environment usually has Class C airspace?
Resposta
An airport with an operating tower, radar approach control, and qualifying traffic volume. Part 107 operations require prior authorization.
Cartão 17
Pergunta
What makes crew communication effective?
Resposta
Agreed roles, plain callouts, immediate hazard reports, acknowledgment of critical instructions, and a clear transfer-of-control procedure.
Cartão 18
Pergunta
What is a SPECI?
Resposta
An unscheduled special surface-weather report issued when significant conditions change or other criteria are met.
Cartão 19
Pergunta
May a noncertificated person manipulate the controls?
Resposta
Yes, under the direct supervision of a qualified remote PIC who can immediately take direct control.
Cartão 20
Pergunta
Does using a visual observer transfer remote-PIC responsibility?
Resposta
No. The visual observer supports awareness, while the remote PIC remains responsible and must ensure effective coordination.
Cartão 21
Pergunta
What condition must the small UAS be in before flight?
Resposta
A condition for safe operation. The remote PIC must inspect it before each flight and stop if a known condition would make the operation unsafe.
Cartão 22
Pergunta
What airport environment usually has Class D airspace?
Resposta
Airspace around an airport with an operating control tower. Part 107 operations require prior authorization.
Cartão 23
Pergunta
What does a TAF provide?
Resposta
A forecast for the area within roughly 5 statute miles of an airport during its stated valid period.
Cartão 24
Pergunta
How should a remote PIC build a current internet weather briefing?
Resposta
Cross-check current observations, forecasts, hazard advisories, and graphical products for the operation's place and time. Use current FAA/NWS or Flight Service sources and check each product's issue and valid times.
Cartão 25
Pergunta
What is the remote PIC's role when automation flies the route?
Resposta
Continuously monitor the aircraft, environment, control link, and automation mode, and remain ready to intervene before safety margins disappear.
Cartão 26
Pergunta
When must a crewmember decline a Part 107 role for medical reasons?
Resposta
When a physical or mental condition would interfere with safe operation of the small UAS.
Cartão 27
Pergunta
Why must in-flight weight changes be planned?
Resposta
Releasing payload or consuming fuel can improve some performance while shifting the center of gravity and changing control response.
Cartão 28
Pergunta
When does Class E airspace require Part 107 authorization?
Resposta
When it is the surface area designated for an airport. Other Class E airspace does not generally require Part 107 authorization.
Cartão 29
Pergunta
What may the FAA inspect from a Part 107 operator?
Resposta
The remote pilot certificate, identification, registration, required records, the small UAS, and information or tests needed to determine compliance.
Cartão 30
Pergunta
What should a lost-link plan decide before flight?
Resposta
The aircraft's automatic action, route and altitude, timeout, recovery area, crew callouts, and point at which the flight will be terminated safely.
Cartão 31
Pergunta
What do ASOS and AWOS provide?
Resposta
Automated surface weather observations. Their data are useful but still represent conditions at the sensor location.
Cartão 32
Pergunta
How must a remote PIC carry the certificate during an operation?
Resposta
The remote pilot certificate and identification must be in the person's physical possession and readily accessible.
Cartão 33
Pergunta
What is the first priority during a flyaway?
Resposta
Protect people and other aircraft: warn the crew, track the aircraft if possible, assess airspace and trajectory, and notify appropriate authorities when needed.
Cartão 34
Pergunta
What is Class G airspace?
Resposta
Uncontrolled airspace from the surface to the base of overlying controlled airspace. Part 107 does not require ATC authorization solely because the operation is in Class G.
Cartão 35
Pergunta
Does a Part 107 drone at or below 0.55 pound need registration?
Resposta
Yes. The weight-based registration exception applies only when the aircraft is flown exclusively under the limited recreational exception.
Cartão 36
Pergunta
What should a remote PIC do after unexpected GPS loss?
Resposta
Use the aircraft's known non-GPS control mode or contingency procedure, stabilize or land promptly, and avoid relying on automation that needs valid position data.
Cartão 37
Pergunta
What is the center of gravity?
Resposta
The point at which the aircraft's total weight can be considered concentrated.
Cartão 38
Pergunta
What does the four-letter group after METAR identify?
Resposta
The reporting station's ICAO identifier, such as a K-prefixed identifier in the contiguous United States.
Cartão 39
Pergunta
How are aircraft registered for Part 107 operations?
Resposta
Each aircraft is registered separately and receives its own registration number.
Cartão 40
Pergunta
What should be done with a swollen, damaged, or overheating lithium battery?
Resposta
Do not fly or charge it. Isolate it safely and follow the manufacturer and hazardous-material handling guidance.
Cartão 41
Pergunta
Why is Class A not a normal Part 107 operating environment?
Resposta
Class A begins at 18,000 feet MSL, far above ordinary Part 107 altitude limits.
Cartão 42
Pergunta
How long is a Part 48 registration certificate valid?
Resposta
Three years. Renewal verification may occur at any time within the six months preceding the month in which the certificate expires.
Cartão 43
Pergunta
How is a METAR time group decoded?
Resposta
The first two digits are the day of the month and the next four are UTC time; Z means Zulu, or UTC.
Cartão 44
Pergunta
What is the safest basic lithium-battery charging practice?
Resposta
Use compatible equipment on a nonflammable surface, monitor the charge, control temperature, and keep a suitable response plan nearby.
Cartão 45
Pergunta
When must Part 48 registration information be updated or canceled?
Resposta
Within 14 calendar days after an applicable change, destruction, transfer, export, or end of eligibility.
Cartão 46
Pergunta
What registration document must be available during a Part 107 flight?
Resposta
The aircraft's FAA registration certificate, as a paper or digital copy. Anyone operating the drone must have it in their possession while flying.
Cartão 47
Pergunta
What moves an aircraft's center of gravity?
Resposta
Changing where weight is placed, attached, shifted, or released.
Cartão 48
Pergunta
What is the NAS, and what is ATC’s role within it?
Resposta
The National Airspace System integrates U.S. airspace, facilities, services, rules, and people. ATC promotes a safe, orderly traffic flow and helps prevent collisions, but it doesn't replace the remote PIC's Part 107 or see-and-avoid duties.
Cartão 49
Pergunta
What makes an emergency plan useful?
Resposta
Specific triggers, immediate actions, crew callouts, safe landing areas, emergency contacts, and aircraft-specific procedures that the crew has reviewed before flight.
Cartão 50
Pergunta
How is a Class B boundary shown on a sectional chart?
Resposta
With solid blue lines. The charted altitude figures define the shelves and limits.
Cartão 51
Pergunta
What is the first response to a lithium-battery fire?
Resposta
Move people away, call emergency services as needed, follow the site and battery response plan, and use a suitable extinguisher only if trained. Damaged cells can reignite, so keep monitoring from a safe position.
Cartão 52
Pergunta
How must a Part 48 registration number appear on a drone?
Resposta
Legibly displayed, affixed, and visible on an external surface of the aircraft.
Cartão 53
Pergunta
How is 22012KT decoded in a weather report?
Resposta
Wind is from 220 degrees true at 12 knots.
Cartão 54
Pergunta
What recurring factors contribute to many small-UAS accidents?
Resposta
Weak planning, loss of control, failure to detect or yield to other aircraft, and poor judgment or decision-making. Careful planning, continuous control, traffic scanning, and conservative decisions reduce those risks.
Cartão 55
Pergunta
Which drones must follow Remote ID operating rules?
Resposta
Unmanned aircraft that are registered or required to be registered, unless a specific Part 89 exception or authorization applies.
Cartão 56
Pergunta
What is the Part 107 maximum groundspeed?
Resposta
87 knots, which is 100 miles per hour.
Cartão 57
Pergunta
How is a Class C boundary shown on a sectional chart?
Resposta
With solid magenta lines.
Cartão 58
Pergunta
What are the three ordinary ways to comply with Remote ID?
Resposta
Operate a Standard Remote ID drone, use an FAA-compliant broadcast module, or fly a nonbroadcasting drone entirely within a FRIA under its conditions.
Cartão 59
Pergunta
What is the normal Part 107 altitude limit?
Resposta
400 feet above ground level.
Cartão 60
Pergunta
What does 18010G18KT mean?
Resposta
Wind from 180 degrees true at 10 knots, gusting to 18 knots.
Cartão 61
Pergunta
How should spare lithium batteries be transported safely?
Resposta
Inspect them, protect the terminals from short circuit, and pack them against movement or damage. Don't transport a battery that is swollen, damaged, overheating, or subject to a safety recall unless it has been made safe under the applicable transport rules.
Cartão 62
Pergunta
What should a pilot do if the loaded CG is outside approved limits?
Resposta
Do not fly. Relocate or remove weight until the aircraft remains within limits for the entire operation.
Cartão 63
Pergunta
What information does Standard Remote ID broadcast?
Resposta
Aircraft identity; the drone's position, geometric altitude, and velocity; the control station's position and geometric altitude; a UTC time mark; and the aircraft's emergency status.
Cartão 64
Pergunta
How is a Class D boundary shown on a sectional chart?
Resposta
With a dashed blue line.
Cartão 65
Pergunta
What altitude exception applies near a structure?
Resposta
Within 400 feet horizontally of a structure, the drone may fly up to 400 feet above the structure's uppermost limit, subject to airspace and other rules.
Cartão 66
Pergunta
What are the basic Part 107 visibility and cloud clearances?
Resposta
At least 3 statute miles of flight visibility from the control station, 500 feet below clouds, and 2,000 feet horizontally from clouds.
Cartão 67
Pergunta
What location replaces the control-station location in a broadcast-module message?
Resposta
The aircraft's takeoff location and geometric altitude. The module also broadcasts its serial number and the aircraft's position, altitude, velocity, and time mark.
Cartão 68
Pergunta
What must visual line of sight let the crew determine?
Resposta
The aircraft's location, attitude, altitude, direction, nearby traffic and hazards, and whether it remains safe to operate.
Cartão 69
Pergunta
How is a Class E surface area shown on a sectional chart?
Resposta
With a dashed magenta line. A Part 107 operation inside its lateral boundary needs prior authorization.
Cartão 70
Pergunta
What does 2SM mean in a METAR?
Resposta
Prevailing visibility is 2 statute miles, below Part 107's normal 3-statute-mile minimum.
Cartão 71
Pergunta
What must the person manipulating the controls do if Standard Remote ID or a broadcast module stops broadcasting in flight?
Resposta
Land the aircraft as soon as practicable.
Cartão 72
Pergunta
Why can a payload mounted off center be hazardous?
Resposta
It creates an unbalanced moment, increases control effort, and may leave too little control authority to resist wind or recover from a disturbance.
Cartão 73
Pergunta
May corrective lenses be used to maintain visual line of sight?
Resposta
Yes. Vision must otherwise be unaided by devices such as binoculars.
Cartão 74
Pergunta
What extra operating limit comes with a Remote ID broadcast module?
Resposta
The person manipulating the controls must be able to see the aircraft at all times throughout the operation.
Cartão 75
Pergunta
For METAR weather that accepts an intensity qualifier, what do
-,+, and no sign mean?Resposta
-means light,+means heavy, and no sign means moderate. Apply that rule only to weather phenomena that use intensity qualifiers.Cartão 76
Pergunta
What communication must a visual observer maintain?
Resposta
Effective communication with the remote PIC and the person manipulating the controls so traffic and hazards can be shared promptly.
Cartão 77
Pergunta
What does a shaded magenta Class E boundary usually indicate?
Resposta
Class E begins at 700 feet AGL on the faded side of the boundary.
Cartão 78
Pergunta
What conditions apply to a non-Remote-ID flight in a FRIA?
Resposta
Both the aircraft and the person manipulating the controls must remain within the FRIA boundaries, and that person must see the aircraft throughout the flight.
Cartão 79
Pergunta
How many drones may one person serve at once under Part 107?
Resposta
One. A person may not manipulate controls, serve as remote PIC, or serve as visual observer for more than one operation at the same time.
Cartão 80
Pergunta
How do FEW, SCT, BKN, and OVC differ?
Resposta
FEW is more than 0 through 2/8 sky cover; SCT is 3/8–4/8; BKN is 5/8–7/8; and OVC is 8/8.
Cartão 81
Pergunta
What can a weather chart or graphical product tell you—and what can't it?
Resposta
It shows the broad location, movement, or forecast extent of weather. Its valid time, scale, symbols, and resolution limit it, so it doesn't replace current site-specific reports, forecasts, and advisories.
Cartão 82
Pergunta
What is aircraft stability?
Resposta
The inherent tendency to resist a disturbance or return toward the original flight condition.
Cartão 83
Pergunta
What Remote ID detail belongs in a Part 107 registration record?
Resposta
The serial number of the Standard Remote ID aircraft or the broadcast module used for that registered device.
Cartão 84
Pergunta
Which aircraft have right of way over a small UAS?
Resposta
All aircraft, airborne vehicles, and launch or reentry vehicles. The small UAS must yield and must not create a collision hazard.
Cartão 85
Pergunta
What does a shaded blue Class E boundary usually indicate?
Resposta
Class E begins at 1,200 feet AGL on the faded side of the boundary.
Cartão 86
Pergunta
Can ADS-B Out satisfy Remote ID?
Resposta
No. Part 89 expressly rejects ADS-B Out as a means of Remote ID compliance.
Cartão 87
Pergunta
May a Part 107 small UAS carry hazardous material?
Resposta
No. Part 107 prohibits carrying hazardous material as defined by federal hazardous-materials law.
Cartão 88
Pergunta
Which reported cloud layers form a ceiling?
Resposta
The lowest broken or overcast layer, or vertical visibility into an obscuration. Few and scattered layers are not ceilings.
Cartão 89
Pergunta
Why must a remote pilot distinguish MSL from AGL?
Resposta
MSL measures altitude from mean sea level, while AGL measures height above the local surface. Sectional airspace limits commonly use MSL; Part 107's normal height limit uses AGL.
Cartão 90
Pergunta
What conduct does Part 107 prohibit as hazardous operation?
Resposta
Careless or reckless operation that endangers another person's life or property, and dropping an object in a way that creates an undue hazard.
Cartão 91
Pergunta
When may the FAA authorize a Remote ID deviation?
Resposta
For an operation conducted solely for aeronautical research or to show compliance with regulations, or under another specific FAA authorization.
Cartão 92
Pergunta
Why can a small-UAS radio link fail even within visual range?
Resposta
Shared-band interference, barriers, antenna orientation, distance, or terrain can weaken a line-of-sight RF link. Check the site and link before flight, stay within manufacturer limits, and follow the lost-link plan.
Cartão 93
Pergunta
What is CTAF?
Resposta
The Common Traffic Advisory Frequency used for airport advisory practices at an airport without an operating control tower.
Cartão 94
Pergunta
What is maneuverability?
Resposta
The aircraft's ability to change attitude or flightpath and withstand the loads created by those maneuvers.
Cartão 95
Pergunta
May a small UAS be operated from a moving aircraft?
Resposta
No.
Cartão 96
Pergunta
How do UNICOM and MULTICOM differ?
Resposta
UNICOM is a nongovernment air-ground station that may provide airport information; MULTICOM is a common self-announce frequency used where no tower, FSS, or UNICOM is available.
Cartão 97
Pergunta
Who may apply to establish a FRIA?
Resposta
An FAA-recognized community-based organization or an educational institution. An individual pilot cannot establish one alone.
Cartão 98
Pergunta
How is BKN015 decoded?
Resposta
A broken cloud layer with a base 1,500 feet AGL.
Cartão 99
Pergunta
How are sectional airspace altitudes commonly written?
Resposta
In hundreds of feet MSL, with the ceiling above the floor. A floor marked SFC begins at the surface.
Cartão 100
Pergunta
When may a small UAS be operated from a moving land or water vehicle?
Resposta
Only over a sparsely populated area, and not while transporting another person's property for compensation or hire.
Cartão 101
Pergunta
What does ATIS provide?
Resposta
A repeating broadcast of current local weather and important noncontrol airport information, identified by a letter code that changes with updates.
Cartão 102
Pergunta
What does “November” followed by letters or numbers identify in a traffic call?
Resposta
A U.S. civil aircraft registration used as its call sign. Decode the remaining characters with standard digits and the aviation phonetic alphabet.
Cartão 103
Pergunta
What must a foreign-registered drone obtain before U.S. Remote ID operations?
Resposta
The operator must file the required Notice of Identification and receive an FAA Confirmation of Identification before operating in the United States.
Cartão 104
Pergunta
What alcohol limits apply to a Part 107 crewmember?
Resposta
No duty within 8 hours after drinking, while under the influence, or with a blood alcohol concentration of 0.04 percent or more.
Cartão 105
Pergunta
How is M02/M05 decoded?
Resposta
Temperature minus 2 degrees Celsius and dew point minus 5 degrees Celsius.
Cartão 106
Pergunta
Must a Part 107 pilot routinely transmit on aviation radio near an airport?
Resposta
No. Monitoring the correct frequency can improve awareness, but it does not replace visual vigilance or create a general transmission requirement.
Cartão 107
Pergunta
What are A–I in the aviation phonetic alphabet?
Resposta
Alfa, Bravo, Charlie, Delta, Echo, Foxtrot, Golf, Hotel, India.
Cartão 108
Pergunta
What extra §107.29 conditions apply in ordinary daylight?
Resposta
None solely because it is daylight. The night-knowledge and three-statute-mile anti-collision-light conditions in §107.29 do not apply, but every other applicable Part 107 requirement still does.
Cartão 109
Pergunta
What does a blue versus magenta airport symbol usually tell you?
Resposta
Blue generally identifies an airport with an operating control tower; magenta generally identifies a nontowered airport.
Cartão 110
Pergunta
What Remote ID label should an operator verify?
Resposta
A Standard Remote ID aircraft or broadcast module must carry the producer's legible, prominent, permanently affixed English label stating that it meets Part 89.
Cartão 111
Pergunta
Does ordinary license-free drone-control equipment need an individual FCC operator license?
Resposta
No, provided FCC-authorized equipment is used within the conditions of its license-free radio service. Equipment authorization applies to the device; other frequencies or radio services may require an individual operator or station license.
Cartão 112
Pergunta
May a crewmember use a drug that impairs safe operation?
Resposta
No. A person may not participate while using a drug that affects their faculties contrary to safety.
Cartão 113
Pergunta
What is Local Airport Advisory service?
Resposta
It is an FSS advisory service available only in Alaska, within 10 statute miles of an airport where the tower isn't operating and an FSS is located on the airport. Check the current Alaska Chart Supplement for availability.
Cartão 114
Pergunta
What is controllability?
Resposta
The aircraft's ability to respond to control inputs, regardless of how inherently stable it is.
Cartão 115
Pergunta
What knowledge prerequisite applies to Part 107 night operations?
Resposta
The remote PIC must have completed an initial knowledge test or training, as applicable under §107.65, after April 6, 2021. Applicable training may be initial Part 61 training or recurrent training.
Cartão 116
Pergunta
How is A2992 decoded in a METAR?
Resposta
An altimeter setting of 29.92 inches of mercury.
Cartão 117
Pergunta
How should a remote pilot treat a towered airport when its control tower is closed?
Resposta
Treat it as an airport without an operating tower: check the published CTAF and procedures, monitor traffic, and rely on see-and-avoid rather than tower control.
Cartão 118
Pergunta
What does a crewed-aircraft self-announcement normally communicate?
Resposta
The aircraft identity, airport, position, altitude when useful, and intentions. Use that information to project the traffic path; Part 107 doesn't create a routine transmit requirement.
Cartão 119
Pergunta
What is a prohibited area?
Resposta
Airspace where flight is prohibited for security or national-welfare reasons unless the responsible agency authorizes it.
Cartão 120
Pergunta
What lighting is required for a Part 107 night flight?
Resposta
Anti-collision lighting visible for at least 3 statute miles, with a flash rate sufficient to avoid a collision.
Cartão 121
Pergunta
What relationship holds in steady, level flight?
Resposta
Lift equals weight. If available lift becomes insufficient for the weight and conditions, altitude cannot be maintained.
Cartão 122
Pergunta
What Remote ID check is required before takeoff with a broadcast module?
Resposta
The person manipulating the controls must ensure the module is functioning as required by Part 89 before takeoff.
Cartão 123
Pergunta
Why should a remote pilot understand the traffic pattern?
Resposta
It predicts where crewed aircraft are likely to climb, descend, turn, and approach, helping the small UAS remain clear.
Cartão 124
Pergunta
What are J–R in the aviation phonetic alphabet?
Resposta
Juliett, Kilo, Lima, Mike, November, Oscar, Papa, Quebec, Romeo.
Cartão 125
Pergunta
What certificate consequences can follow prohibited drug or alcohol conduct?
Resposta
The FAA may deny an application for up to one year or suspend or revoke a certificate. Refusing a qualifying alcohol test or refusing to release requested results can trigger the same consequences.
Cartão 126
Pergunta
What does RMK introduce in a METAR?
Resposta
The remarks section, which can add sensor, pressure, lightning, visibility, and other details.
Cartão 127
Pergunta
May anti-collision lighting be dimmed at night?
Resposta
Its intensity may be reduced when necessary for safety, but it may not be extinguished during the operation.
Cartão 128
Pergunta
What is a restricted area?
Resposta
Airspace containing unusual, often invisible hazards such as artillery or missile activity. A Part 107 operation requires permission from the using or controlling agency, as applicable.
Cartão 129
Pergunta
Which sources provide current airport operating data?
Resposta
The sectional chart, Chart Supplement, current NOTAMs, and local broadcasts such as ATIS, ASOS, or AWOS.
Cartão 130
Pergunta
Why do heliports and seaplane bases need separate traffic awareness?
Resposta
Their traffic may use water, pads, or routes that don't match a runway pattern. Identify the facility on current charts and airport data, then watch for low or unexpected arrivals and departures.
Cartão 131
Pergunta
What is a warning area?
Resposta
Airspace extending from 3 nautical miles outward from the U.S. coast that warns of potentially hazardous activity where the United States lacks sole jurisdiction.
Cartão 132
Pergunta
What is civil twilight for Part 107 outside Alaska?
Resposta
The 30 minutes before official sunrise and the 30 minutes after official sunset. During civil twilight, the aircraft must have an anti-collision light visible for at least 3 statute miles with a flash rate sufficient to avoid collision; its intensity may be reduced, but not extinguished, when safety requires.
Cartão 133
Pergunta
How is a runway number derived?
Resposta
From the runway's magnetic direction rounded to the nearest 10 degrees, with the final zero omitted.
Cartão 134
Pergunta
How far may a remote PIC deviate during an in-flight emergency?
Resposta
Only as far as necessary to address that emergency.
Cartão 135
Pergunta
How is the TAF valid period 2512/2618 decoded?
Resposta
From 1200 UTC on the 25th until 1800 UTC on the 26th.
Cartão 136
Pergunta
When is an emergency-deviation report required?
Resposta
Only when the FAA requests one. The remote PIC must then provide a written report.
Cartão 137
Pergunta
What do hold-position markings protect?
Resposta
They mark a boundary that aircraft and vehicles must not cross without the required clearance or authorization, protecting an active runway or other controlled surface.
Cartão 138
Pergunta
What are S–Z in the aviation phonetic alphabet?
Resposta
Sierra, Tango, Uniform, Victor, Whiskey, Xray, Yankee, Zulu.
Cartão 139
Pergunta
What is load factor?
Resposta
The ratio of the aerodynamic load supported by the aircraft to its weight, expressed in Gs.
Cartão 140
Pergunta
What should a remote pilot get from the current Chart Supplement?
Resposta
Airport and runway details, lighting, communications, weather sources, notices, procedures, and other data that aren't readily shown graphically. The FAA issues the Chart Supplement every 56 days, so use the current edition.
Cartão 141
Pergunta
Which Part 107 accidents require an FAA report?
Resposta
Within 10 calendar days, report an operation causing serious injury or loss of consciousness, or qualifying damage to property other than the drone above the $500 threshold.
Cartão 142
Pergunta
What is the purpose of a military operations area?
Resposta
To separate specified military training activity from IFR traffic. Other pilots should check its status and exercise extreme caution.
Cartão 143
Pergunta
How do hazard and risk differ?
Resposta
A hazard is a condition that can cause harm; risk is the assessed likelihood and severity of that harm in the planned operation.
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FAA Part 107 Flashcards: Remote Pilot Knowledge Test Review
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Cartão 144
Pergunta
How can a remote pilot obtain a current established NOTAM?
Resposta
Use FAA NOTAM Search or request it through Flight Service's current online or telephone briefing channels. Confirm the location, effective period, and any later change before flight.
Cartão 145
Pergunta
What does SIDA mean at an airport?
Resposta
Security Identification Display Area—a limited-access area that requires authorization and proper displayed identification. Don't enter if you aren't authorized; ask the airport authority when the boundary is unclear.
Cartão 146
Pergunta
What does FM mark in a TAF?
Resposta
A rapid, lasting change beginning at the stated time, after which the new forecast conditions apply.
Cartão 147
Pergunta
Which controlled airspace needs prior Part 107 authorization?
Resposta
Class B, C, and D airspace, plus the lateral boundaries of Class E surface areas designated for an airport.
Cartão 148
Pergunta
What does PAVE organize?
Resposta
Preflight risk into Pilot, Aircraft, enVironment, and External pressures.
Cartão 149
Pergunta
What load factor occurs in a coordinated 60-degree level turn?
Resposta
2 G. The aircraft must produce lift equal to twice its weight to hold altitude.
Cartão 150
Pergunta
What rule applies near any airport without controlled-airspace authorization requirements?
Resposta
The operation still may not interfere with airport traffic patterns or operations.
Cartão 151
Pergunta
How does traffic awareness differ with an operating tower versus a closed or nontowered airport?
Resposta
With an operating tower, monitor its published frequency and use the traffic picture it provides. When the tower is closed or absent, use the published CTAF and nontowered procedures. Monitoring never authorizes the UAS or replaces visual vigilance and other Part 107 duties.
Cartão 152
Pergunta
What does an alert area signal?
Resposta
A high volume of pilot training or unusual aerial activity. All pilots remain responsible for collision avoidance.
Cartão 153
Pergunta
What does IMSAFE check?
Resposta
Personal fitness through Illness, Medication, Stress, Alcohol, Fatigue, and Emotion.
Cartão 154
Pergunta
How do TEMPO and PROB30 differ in a TAF?
Resposta
TEMPO describes temporary fluctuations during a period; PROB30 gives a 30 percent probability of specified conditions during its period.
Cartão 155
Pergunta
What is needed to enter prohibited or restricted airspace?
Resposta
Permission from the using or controlling agency, as applicable, in addition to compliance with other requirements.
Cartão 156
Pergunta
How are altitude, direction, speed, and time normally spoken on aviation radio?
Resposta
Use distinct digits and the standard label: 12,500 is “one two thousand five hundred”; heading 270 is “heading two seven zero”; 15 knots is “one five knots”; 0930 UTC is “zero niner three zero Zulu.”
Cartão 157
Pergunta
What are the three steps of the 3P model?
Resposta
Perceive hazards, Process their effect on safety, and Perform the best risk control. Repeat as conditions change.
Cartão 158
Pergunta
What must a remote PIC do about a temporary flight restriction?
Resposta
Check current NOTAMs before flight and comply with the TFR unless specifically authorized otherwise.
Cartão 159
Pergunta
For §107.9 reporting, what counts as a serious injury?
Resposta
An injury at Abbreviated Injury Scale Level 3 or higher. Loss of consciousness remains a separate reporting trigger even without that injury classification.
Cartão 160
Pergunta
Why is a controlled firing area not charted?
Resposta
Its hazardous activity must stop when a spotter, radar, or lookout detects an approaching aircraft, so nonparticipating aircraft need not reroute around it.
Cartão 161
Pergunta
What are the legs and normal turn direction of a standard airport traffic pattern?
Resposta
Departure, upwind, crosswind, downwind, base, and final approach are distinct components; upwind is not another name for departure. Standard traffic uses left turns unless airport markings or current publications specify otherwise.
Cartão 162
Pergunta
What does a Convective SIGMET warn about?
Resposta
Significant convective hazards such as severe, embedded, or organized thunderstorms, including qualifying hail, wind, or tornado risk.
Cartão 163
Pergunta
How do CARE and TEAM support a risk decision?
Resposta
CARE processes Consequences, Alternatives, Reality, and External factors; TEAM chooses to Transfer, Eliminate, Accept, or Mitigate the risk.
Cartão 164
Pergunta
What must preflight familiarization cover?
Resposta
Local weather, airspace and restrictions, people and property, ground hazards, crew roles, control links, power, attachments, and the aircraft's condition.
Cartão 165
Pergunta
What night-lighting check belongs in the preflight inspection?
Resposta
Verify that the required anti-collision light works, is positioned and rated to remain visible for at least 3 statute miles, and has enough power for the planned flight and landing.
Cartão 166
Pergunta
How does increased load factor affect fixed-wing stall speed?
Resposta
Stall speed rises with the square root of load factor, so steep or abrupt maneuvers can cause a stall at a higher airspeed.
Cartão 167
Pergunta
What does an MTR identifier reveal?
Resposta
IR denotes an IFR route, and VR denotes a VFR route. Four digits mean no route segment is above 1,500 feet AGL, while three digits mean at least one segment is above 1,500 feet AGL; a trailing letter may identify an alternate route. Expect fast, low-altitude military traffic.
Cartão 168
Pergunta
What extra limits apply when transporting property for compensation under Part 107?
Resposta
The transport must stay wholly within one State, territory, or U.S. possession, or within the District of Columbia. It must also remain within visual line of sight, use no moving vehicle, and keep the aircraft plus property under 55 pounds.
Cartão 169
Pergunta
What is crew resource management?
Resposta
The effective use of people, equipment, and information to coordinate the operation and make safer decisions.
Cartão 170
Pergunta
What is density altitude?
Resposta
Pressure altitude corrected for nonstandard temperature. Operationally, it describes the air density the aircraft performs as though it were experiencing.
Cartão 171
Pergunta
May a Part 107 drone transmit with a transponder?
Resposta
Not unless the FAA authorizes or directs its use.
Cartão 172
Pergunta
How is a temporary flight restriction established?
Resposta
Through an FDC NOTAM that states the location, effective time, dimensions, altitudes, reason, and coordinating facility.
Cartão 173
Pergunta
What should a remote pilot do about birds or other wildlife near the route?
Resposta
Avoid known concentrations and migration activity, then divert or land before a conflict develops. Report any wildlife strike through the FAA Wildlife Strike Database or Form 5200-7.
Cartão 174
Pergunta
What is situational awareness?
Resposta
An accurate understanding of the aircraft, crew, environment, mission, and how those conditions are likely to change.
Cartão 175
Pergunta
What colors normally distinguish runway and taxiway markings?
Resposta
Runway markings are white; taxiway markings are yellow. Holding-position markings are also yellow, even when placed on a runway.
Cartão 176
Pergunta
How does high density altitude affect a small UAS?
Resposta
Thinner air reduces propeller, wing, and cooling performance, often lowering payload, climb rate, and endurance.
Cartão 177
Pergunta
What is single-pilot resource management?
Resposta
Managing every available resource before and during flight so one pilot can maintain awareness, control workload, assess risk, and decide well.
Cartão 178
Pergunta
Which conditions raise density altitude?
Resposta
Higher elevation or lower pressure, higher temperature, and higher humidity.
Cartão 179
Pergunta
What is the minimum age for a remote pilot certificate?
Resposta
- The applicant normally must also read, speak, write, and understand English and have no disqualifying physical or mental condition. If a medical reason prevents meeting an English requirement, the FAA may place operating limitations on the certificate.
Cartão 180
Pergunta
What is an early sign of task saturation?
Resposta
Working harder while accomplishing less, missing inputs, or fixating on one item. Stop, slow down, prioritize, and reduce workload.
Cartão 181
Pergunta
May ADS-B Out be transmitted during a Part 107 operation?
Resposta
Not unless the FAA authorizes or directs it. ADS-B Out is also not a substitute for Remote ID.
Cartão 182
Pergunta
Where should a pilot look for frequent parachute-jump activity?
Resposta
The sectional chart and current Chart Supplement, then current NOTAMs for time-sensitive activity.
Cartão 183
Pergunta
Why should a small UAS never fly beneath an unmanned free balloon?
Resposta
Its payload suspension or trailing antenna may be hard to see and extend below the balloon. Stay well clear rather than passing underneath.
Cartão 184
Pergunta
What personal equipment should a remote pilot prepare for night operations?
Resposta
Keep a reliable dimmable white or red flashlight, fresh or spare batteries, and needed charts and checklists accessible. This is an operator-equipment recommendation, separate from the aircraft-lighting rule in §107.29.
Cartão 185
Pergunta
Why does high humidity reduce aircraft performance?
Resposta
Moist air is less dense than dry air, so the propellers or wings produce less force under otherwise equal conditions.
Cartão 186
Pergunta
Why are external pressures dangerous?
Resposta
Schedule, client, money, or pride can make a pilot discount weather, condition, or skill limits. A preplanned cancellation rule protects the decision.
Cartão 187
Pergunta
May someone take the initial Part 107 knowledge test before age 16?
Resposta
Yes, at age 14 or older. Certificate eligibility still begins at age 16.
Cartão 188
Pergunta
What is the usual first-time certification path without a qualifying Part 61 certificate?
Resposta
Pass the initial Unmanned Aircraft General—Small knowledge test, then complete the FAA application and vetting process.
Cartão 189
Pergunta
Why can high temperature shorten a battery-powered flight?
Resposta
The aircraft may need more power in less-dense air while the battery and electronics face greater thermal stress.
Cartão 190
Pergunta
How should the anti-authority attitude be countered?
Resposta
Pause and follow the applicable rule or procedure; do not dismiss it merely because someone else imposed it.
Cartão 191
Pergunta
What is a TRSA?
Resposta
A Terminal Radar Service Area where participating pilots may receive additional radar services. Participation is voluntary, and the underlying airspace classes still control Part 107 authorization.
Cartão 192
Pergunta
What do common airport beacon colors identify?
Resposta
A white-and-green beacon identifies a lighted land airport; a white-and-yellow beacon identifies a lighted water airport or seaplane base; and a green-yellow-white beacon identifies a lighted heliport.
Cartão 193
Pergunta
What alternative initial path is available to a qualifying Part 61 pilot?
Resposta
With a current Part 61 certificate and a flight review within the preceding 24 calendar months, complete the FAA initial online course and identity-validation process.
Cartão 194
Pergunta
What can a rapidly falling barometric pressure signal?
Resposta
Approaching poor weather or a developing storm system. It is a trend to investigate, not a go/no-go answer by itself.
Cartão 195
Pergunta
How should impulsivity be countered?
Resposta
Slow down long enough to identify the hazard, options, and safest next action.
Cartão 196
Pergunta
What is a National Security Area?
Resposta
Airspace where pilots are asked to avoid flight to protect sensitive ground facilities; a NOTAM may temporarily make avoidance mandatory.
Cartão 197
Pergunta
What should a remote pilot extract from tower transmissions?
Resposta
Identify the aircraft, its position or runway, direction, altitude when stated, and the controller's instruction or the pilot's intention. Use that traffic picture to remain clear; monitoring does not authorize the UAS or replace visual vigilance.
Cartão 198
Pergunta
How recent must Part 107 aeronautical knowledge be?
Resposta
The remote pilot must have completed an accepted initial or recurrent path within the preceding 24 calendar months.
Cartão 199
Pergunta
How does a strong headwind affect the return leg?
Resposta
It lowers groundspeed and increases the time and energy needed to return. Plan reserve for the worst expected leg, not the easy outbound leg.
Cartão 200
Pergunta
How should invulnerability be countered?
Resposta
Treat the hazard as personally relevant: the same failure can happen on this flight.
Cartão 201
Pergunta
How do stable and unstable air usually differ?
Resposta
Stable air favors smooth conditions, stratiform clouds, haze, and steady precipitation; unstable air favors turbulence, vertical clouds, and showery precipitation.
Cartão 202
Pergunta
Which current FAA recurrent courses serve Part 107 pilots?
Resposta
ALC-677 is available to Part 107 certificate holders generally; ALC-515 is the recurrent path for a qualifying current Part 61 pilot with a current flight review.
Cartão 203
Pergunta
What is a published VFR route?
Resposta
A charted route for moving around, under, or through complex airspace. It does not by itself authorize a Part 107 operation.
Cartão 204
Pergunta
What do red, green, and white position lights reveal about a crewed aircraft?
Resposta
Red marks its left side, green its right side, and white its tail. Use the pattern to judge direction; red on your right and green on your left can indicate that the aircraft is coming toward you.
Cartão 205
Pergunta
How should a macho attitude be countered?
Resposta
Reject the need to prove skill by taking risk; conservative choices demonstrate sound command.
Cartão 206
Pergunta
What is a temperature inversion?
Resposta
A layer where temperature increases with altitude. It is stable and can trap fog, haze, smoke, and pollutants near the surface.
Cartão 207
Pergunta
How long can full dark adaptation take?
Resposta
About 30 minutes in darkness. Bright light can undo it within seconds, so protect night vision before and during the operation.
Cartão 208
Pergunta
Does a current remote pilot retake the UAG test for routine recency?
Resposta
No. Current FAA recurrent training is completed online; the old recurrent knowledge-test model is obsolete.
Cartão 209
Pergunta
What counts toward the 55-pound small-UA limit?
Resposta
The aircraft and everything on board or attached at takeoff, including payload, guards, lights, and a Remote ID module.
Cartão 210
Pergunta
How soon may an applicant retake a failed Part 107 knowledge test?
Resposta
After 14 calendar days.
Cartão 211
Pergunta
How do source regions shape an air mass?
Resposta
The source region sets the air mass's basic temperature and moisture: continental air is dry, maritime air is moist, polar air is cold, and tropical air is warm.
Cartão 212
Pergunta
How should resignation be countered?
Resposta
Identify the actions and resources still available; the pilot can change the outcome.
Cartão 213
Pergunta
What happens 30 days after a permanent mailing-address change?
Resposta
The remote pilot may no longer exercise certificate privileges until the FAA has been notified of the new address.
Cartão 214
Pergunta
How can dehydration or heat stress affect a remote pilot?
Resposta
It can cause headache, cramps, dizziness, fatigue, poor concentration, and eventually collapse. Hydrate, cool down, and stop before judgment degrades.
Cartão 215
Pergunta
Why must NOTAMs be checked even with a current sectional?
Resposta
They carry time-critical changes such as TFRs, closures, outages, hazards, and procedures that may not appear on the chart.
Cartão 216
Pergunta
How can precipitation static affect a small UAS?
Resposta
Charge from rain, snow, fog, dust, or similar particles can interfere with radios, sensors, or the control link. Avoid the condition and follow the aircraft's limits rather than relying on recovery after interference starts.
Cartão 217
Pergunta
How long may a temporary remote pilot certificate remain effective?
Resposta
Up to 120 calendar days. It ends sooner at the earliest of its printed expiration date, receipt of the permanent certificate, or receipt of notice that the sought certificate is denied or revoked.
Cartão 218
Pergunta
What can follow cheating on a Part 107 knowledge test?
Resposta
For one year, the person is prohibited from applying for any FAA certificate, rating, or authorization and from applying for or taking any FAA test. A held certificate or rating may also be suspended or revoked.
Cartão 219
Pergunta
How can operational stress affect a remote pilot?
Resposta
It can narrow attention, cause fixation or haste, and degrade judgment. Reduce workload, pause and reassess, or delay or cancel the flight when stress compromises safe decisions.
Cartão 220
Pergunta
What do basic runway and taxiway light colors mean?
Resposta
Runway edge lights are normally white and taxiway edge lights blue. Threshold lights show green toward an arriving aircraft, while runway-end lights show red toward the runway.
Cartão 221
Pergunta
What should a pilot do when hyperventilating?
Resposta
Recognize the rapid breathing, consciously slow the breathing rate, speak or breathe deliberately, and stop the operation if normal function does not return.
Cartão 222
Pergunta
What should a night-flight contingency plan decide?
Resposta
How to stop or land safely after loss of required lighting, visual orientation, control link, or a safe view of traffic and obstacles. Preselect a suitable recovery area and brief the trigger for ending the flight.
Cartão 223
Pergunta
What does a narrowing temperature–dew point spread suggest?
Resposta
Air is approaching saturation, increasing the chance of fog, low clouds, dew, or precipitation.
Cartão 224
Pergunta
Does a remote pilot certificate itself expire?
Resposta
No, but its privileges require current aeronautical knowledge within the preceding 24 calendar months.
Cartão 225
Pergunta
How do mandatory-instruction and location signs differ?
Resposta
Mandatory-instruction signs have a red background with a white inscription. Location signs have a black background with a yellow inscription and border.
Cartão 226
Pergunta
What is LAANC used for?
Resposta
It is an FAA system for requesting near-real-time Part 107 airspace authorization at participating facilities, subject to the published altitude grid and operating conditions.
Cartão 227
Pergunta
How should a new medication be handled before flight?
Resposta
Do not assume over-the-counter means safe. Check the condition and medication effects, allow time to identify side effects, and avoid flying if judgment or alertness may be impaired.
Cartão 228
Pergunta
What must a Part 107 waiver applicant demonstrate?
Resposta
That the proposed operation can be conducted safely under the waiver's terms and conditions.
Cartão 229
Pergunta
How can fog form near the surface?
Resposta
When air cools to its dew point, moisture is added, or moist air moves over a colder surface. Light wind can help mix a shallow layer; strong wind may lift it into low stratus.
Cartão 230
Pergunta
What must be checked after attaching a payload?
Resposta
Total weight, center of gravity, security of attachment, control response, power demand, clearances, and any category or manufacturer limits.
Cartão 231
Pergunta
Why can fatigue be hard to self-detect?
Resposta
It reduces attention, coordination, communication, and judgment while also weakening the person's ability to recognize that decline.
Cartão 232
Pergunta
What do common obstruction-lighting systems look like at night?
Resposta
Aviation-red systems show red lights at night. Flashing-white systems use white lights, with reduced night intensity where applicable. Dual systems use white lights by day and red lights at night.
Cartão 233
Pergunta
Does a Part 107 waiver suspend every operating rule?
Resposta
No. It applies only to the specifically waived sections and remains subject to all listed conditions and limitations.
Cartão 234
Pergunta
Does an airspace authorization waive other Part 107 rules?
Resposta
No. It permits the specified controlled-airspace operation but does not waive altitude, VLOS, weather, TFR, airport-interference, or other requirements.
Cartão 235
Pergunta
How should a Part 107 crew handle laser activity or illumination?
Resposta
Avoid known or NOTAMed laser activity. If the remote pilot or control station is illuminated, look away, protect vision, and land or terminate if vision or control is affected. If you witness a laser illuminate any aircraft, record useful details and report the incident through the applicable FAA channel.
Cartão 236
Pergunta
How should a pilot scan for traffic and obstacles?
Resposta
Use short, overlapping visual sectors with brief pauses instead of one continuous sweep, and move the scan between near and far areas.
Cartão 237
Pergunta
How should a remote pilot look for a dim object at night?
Resposta
Look about 5° to 10° to one side instead of staring straight at it. Off-center viewing puts the image on rod-rich retina outside the central night blind spot.
Cartão 238
Pergunta
What is prohibited regarding Part 107 certificates, records, and reports?
Resposta
Fraudulent or intentionally false statements, reproduction for a fraudulent purpose, and alteration.
Cartão 239
Pergunta
What kinds of Part 107 rules may an FAA waiver address?
Resposta
Only the rules listed in §107.205: moving operations; night or civil-twilight anti-collision lighting; VLOS, visual-observer, and one-aircraft limits; yielding and flight over people or moving vehicles; controlled-airspace authorization; and §107.51 operating limits. Moving-operation and VLOS waivers can't authorize compensated carriage of another person's property.
Cartão 240
Pergunta
When may a drone fly over a person without using Category 1–4?
Resposta
When the person directly participates in the operation, or is under a covered structure or inside a stationary vehicle that provides reasonable protection from a falling drone.
Cartão 241
Pergunta
What changes should be expected near a front?
Resposta
Temperature, wind, moisture, clouds, and precipitation can change quickly across the boundary between air masses.
Cartão 242
Pergunta
What is the first concern when operating near an airport traffic pattern?
Resposta
Avoid interfering with crewed-aircraft operations and maintain awareness of arrivals, departures, and the published traffic pattern.
Cartão 243
Pergunta
Does an older manufacture date automatically bar a drone from Part 107 use?
Resposta
No. It may operate if it meets all current requirements that apply to the operation, including registration, Remote ID, condition, and any operations-over-people category.
Cartão 244
Pergunta
What is autokinesis?
Resposta
A stationary light can appear to move when stared at against a dark background. Shift the gaze and use other references instead of fixating.
Cartão 245
Pergunta
Does Part 107 set one universal stand-off distance from people?
Resposta
No. The remote PIC selects and adjusts a safe distance from the aircraft's path, speed, maneuverability, environment, people, likely failures, and emergency landing options.
Cartão 246
Pergunta
Why is a battery reserve part of performance planning?
Resposta
Wind, temperature, maneuvering, holding, and an alternate landing area can consume more energy than the nominal mission estimate.
Cartão 247
Pergunta
What makes a microburst dangerous near the surface?
Resposta
It is an intense, localized downdraft that spreads outward at the surface, producing rapid vertical and horizontal wind shear with little low-altitude recovery margin.
Cartão 248
Pergunta
What makes a drone eligible for Category 1 operations over people?
Resposta
It must weigh 0.55 pound or less throughout the operation, including attachments, and have no exposed rotating parts that would lacerate human skin.
Cartão 249
Pergunta
How do buildings and terrain affect low-level wind?
Resposta
They can create gusts, rotors, downdrafts, and turbulence downwind. The stronger the wind and larger the obstacle, the greater the hazard.
Cartão 250
Pergunta
Why should a small UAS stay clear of smoke-stack and cooling-tower plumes?
Resposta
Visible or invisible hot exhaust can create turbulence, vertical shear, reduced visibility, contamination, and icing. Stay clear—preferably upwind—because the plume's extent is hard to predict.
Cartão 251
Pergunta
What is a false-horizon illusion?
Resposta
Sloping clouds, terrain, or lights can be mistaken for the true horizon, leading to an incorrect attitude judgment.
Cartão 252
Pergunta
What should an operations-over-people contingency plan decide?
Resposta
When to stop, divert, or land away from people after lost link, component failure, an eligibility-changing configuration issue, or unexpected crowd movement—and who will call and execute that action.
Cartão 253
Pergunta
From where is Part 107 flight visibility measured?
Resposta
From the location of the control station, not from a nearby airport weather sensor.
Cartão 254
Pergunta
What injury threshold defines Category 2 eligibility?
Resposta
The aircraft must not cause injury equivalent to or greater than the severity caused by transferring 11 foot-pounds of kinetic energy upon impact from a rigid object. It must also meet the rule's rotating-part and safety-defect requirements.
Cartão 255
Pergunta
What is the baseline source for small-UAS maintenance?
Resposta
The current manufacturer or builder instructions, supplemented by the operator's inspection and maintenance program for the actual use and environment.
Cartão 256
Pergunta
Why is low-level wind shear dangerous to a small UAS?
Resposta
A rapid change in wind speed or direction can abruptly change airspeed, lift, attitude, and ground track close to obstacles or terrain.
Cartão 257
Pergunta
Why are guy wires a serious low-altitude hazard?
Resposta
They can extend far from a tower and remain nearly invisible even in good weather. Give towers and their support systems wide clearance.
Cartão 258
Pergunta
What injury threshold defines Category 3 eligibility?
Resposta
The aircraft must not cause injury equivalent to or greater than the severity caused by transferring 25 foot-pounds of kinetic energy upon impact from a rigid object. It must also meet the rule's rotating-part and safety-defect requirements.
Cartão 259
Pergunta
Which data controls an aircraft's exact loading limits?
Resposta
The current manufacturer or builder operating instructions and limitations for that aircraft and configuration.
Cartão 260
Pergunta
Who may perform maintenance on a Part 107 small UAS?
Resposta
Part 107 generally doesn't require an FAA mechanic certificate. Follow manufacturer-required personnel or use someone with suitable expertise; Category 4 separately requires the person to have the knowledge, skill, and appropriate equipment under §107.140(c).
Cartão 261
Pergunta
What makes a tornado a no-go hazard for a small UAS?
Resposta
It combines extreme, rapidly changing winds, violent vertical motion, debris, and an unpredictable path. Stay well clear of any tornado or tornado-producing storm; don't try to observe it from the air.
Cartão 262
Pergunta
What is the core requirement for Category 4 operations over people?
Resposta
The aircraft must have an FAA airworthiness certificate and be operated and maintained under its approved operating limitations.
Cartão 263
Pergunta
What should Category 2 or 3 remote-pilot operating instructions tell the pilot?
Resposta
They should describe the system and its limitations; eligible categories and required components; allowed modifications; and how to verify or change the applicable configuration or operating mode.
Cartão 264
Pergunta
Why can an unlighted structure be more hazardous at night?
Resposta
Its silhouette and support wires may disappear against the background. Chart review, site inspection, lighting checks, and conservative separation become more important.
Cartão 265
Pergunta
Why is hail a no-go hazard for a small UAS?
Resposta
It can damage propellers, rotors, sensors, antennas, batteries, and the airframe, while nearby convective turbulence and downdrafts can overwhelm control. Avoid any storm producing or forecast to produce hail.
Cartão 266
Pergunta
What performance check follows a repair or configuration change?
Resposta
Verify weight, balance, control response, power, links, sensors, and expected endurance in a safe environment before returning to the planned mission.
Cartão 267
Pergunta
When may a Category 2 or 3 drone carry an optional component or payload?
Resposta
Only when the remote pilot operating instructions allow that component, payload, or modification for the declared configuration. It must remain securely attached and within every listed limitation.
Cartão 268
Pergunta
What is the Part 107 response to an emergency airborne inspection of another aircraft?
Resposta
Stay clear and yield; don't improvise a close pass. Proximity, wake or downwash, stress, communications, separation, and escape-path risks can endanger both aircraft.
Cartão 269
Pergunta
Why should a small UAS avoid lightning activity?
Resposta
A strike or nearby electrical discharge can damage electronics, interrupt navigation or control links, and injure people on the ground. Stay clear of thunderstorms and land or delay when lightning threatens the operating area.
Cartão 270
Pergunta
For Part 107 Category 1, 2, or 4 sustained flight over an open-air assembly, which Remote ID methods qualify, and what is the Category 3 rule?
Resposta
Use either a Standard Remote ID aircraft that meets §89.110 or a broadcast-module operation that meets §89.115(a). A nonbroadcast FRIA operation under §89.115(b) does not qualify, and Category 3 operations over an open-air assembly are prohibited.
Cartão 271
Pergunta
How do an operations-over-people MOC and DOC differ?
Resposta
An MOC is the FAA-accepted test, analysis, or inspection method. A DOC identifies that MOC and attests that the declared aircraft or configuration meets the applicable Category 2 or 3 and safety-defect requirements.
Cartão 272
Pergunta
Why must frost or structural icing be removed before flight?
Resposta
It disrupts airflow, reduces lift, adds weight, increases drag, and can degrade propeller or control-surface performance.
Cartão 273
Pergunta
What hazards peak in a mature thunderstorm?
Resposta
Strong updrafts and downdrafts, severe turbulence, gust fronts, microbursts, hail, lightning, heavy rain, and possible tornadoes. Avoid the storm rather than trying to judge a safe path through it.
Cartão 274
Pergunta
Where may a Category 3 drone operate over people?
Resposta
At a closed or restricted-access site with notice to entrants, or without sustained flight over people except for participants or people protected by a structure or stationary vehicle.
Cartão 275
Pergunta
What maintenance records are required for Category 4?
Resposta
Record the work, date, and person for one year or until the work is repeated or superseded. Retain life-limited-part, inspection, and airworthiness-directive status and transfer those status records with the aircraft.
Cartão 276
Pergunta
What should the remote PIC evaluate when selecting an area for operations over people?
Resposta
Evaluate people, moving vehicles and vessels; terrain and structures; the planned path, aircraft performance, and maneuverability; weather; likely failures, escape routes, and emergency landing options; and the pilot's familiarity with the site. Reassess as conditions change.
Cartão 277
Pergunta
When may a Category 4 drone operate over people inside moving vehicles?
Resposta
Only when the aircraft has the required airworthiness certificate and its operating limitations don't prohibit operations over people inside moving vehicles.
Cartão 278
Pergunta
How can a modification affect operations-over-people eligibility?
Resposta
A change to weight, structure, rotating parts, software, or required components can invalidate the demonstrated category unless the current approval and instructions cover that configuration.
Cartão 279
Pergunta
Are maintenance records useful when Part 107 doesn't require Category 4 records?
Resposta
Yes. FAA guidance recommends logging inspections, repairs, alterations, software changes, component time, and return-to-service checks. Category 4 has a separate mandatory record system.
Cartão 280
Pergunta
What must be satisfied for a Part 107 operation over people at night?
Resposta
Both the applicable Subpart D category rules and §107.29 night rules must be met. The remote PIC needs the applicable night knowledge or training, and the aircraft must stay in an eligible configuration with any operating instructions followed and an anti-collision light visible for at least 3 statute miles with a sufficient flash rate.
Cartão 281
Pergunta
How long must Category 2 or 3 MOC and DOC support records be kept?
Resposta
A DOC producer keeps supporting data for two years after production ends; a designer or modifier keeps it for two years after submitting the DOC. An MOC submitter keeps its description and justification while the MOC remains FAA-accepted.
Cartão 282
Pergunta
What must the remote PIC check on a Category 2 or 3 aircraft?
Resposta
The required category label, FAA-accepted Declaration of Compliance listing, current operating instructions, required components, and condition for safe operation.
Cartão 283
Pergunta
When may a Category 1, 2, or 3 drone operate over moving vehicles?
Resposta
At a closed- or restricted-access site where everyone inside a moving vehicle is on notice, or when the aircraft does not maintain sustained flight over moving vehicles. A brief, one-time transit can be incidental; hovering, circling, or repeated back-and-forth passes are sustained flight.
Cartão 284
Pergunta
May a drone qualify for more than one operations-over-people category?
Resposta
Yes, but it must not be able to switch inadvertently into a configuration that fails the category being used.
Cartão 285
Pergunta
Who becomes the applicant for a self-built or materially modified Category 2 or 3 drone?
Resposta
The person who produces, designs, builds from separate components, or makes an eligibility-changing modification. Before Category 2 or 3 operations, that applicant must show compliance through an FAA-accepted MOC and submit a new DOC.
Cartão 286
Pergunta
What should follow maintenance before a normal mission?
Resposta
Document the work as appropriate, inspect the aircraft, verify correct assembly and software settings, and perform a controlled functional check.
286 cartões
FAA Part 107 Flashcards: Remote Pilot Knowledge Test Review
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