FAA Part 107 Flashcards: Remote Pilot Knowledge Test Review
Review the current FAA Part 107 knowledge areas with concise recall, practical scenarios, airspace and weather interpretation, operating limits, and recency rules.
Mayelana naleli qoqo
Prepare for the FAA Remote Pilot knowledge test and keep core Part 107 decisions fresh. These 286 independently written cards cover every current ACS knowledge area, moving from foundational rules into airspace, weather reports, aircraft loading and performance, airport awareness, emergencies, operations over people, Remote ID, aeronautical decision-making, maintenance, and recurrent knowledge.
The cards practice rule-to-action, cue-to-meaning, code-to-interpretation, and short scenario-to-decision recall. Most prompts isolate one fact or decision; a few compact sets cover material learners naturally recall together, such as phonetic-alphabet chunks and radio phraseology. Unhelpful reverse variants and chart-dependent problems are excluded. The deterministic sequence teaches prerequisites before dependent ideas, interleaves the five public groups, and separates confusing variants. Initial certification and recurrent training are treated as separate paths, with current requirements reviewed against official sources on August 25, 2026. FAA-S-ACS-10B remains the current indexed topic guide; the current UAG Applicant Information Bulletin governs test distribution.
License scope: “Common knowledge · CC0 1.0” applies only to this deck’s independently written prompts, answers, examples, organization, and metadata, to the extent rights exist. It does not claim ownership of facts, laws, FAA names or publications, third-party marks, or source material.
Independent and unofficial; not affiliated with, endorsed by, or produced by the FAA, DOT, PSI, or any testing provider. No FAA or competitor test questions, answer choices, commercial-deck text, charts, logos, or third-party media were copied. Regulatory definitions and rules were independently condensed and may retain legally necessary terminology. Verify current requirements with the FAA certification path, Remote Pilot ACS, current UAG Applicant Information Bulletin, FAA study guide, and 14 CFR Part 107.
Amakhadi akuleli qoqo
Ikhadi 1
Umbuzo
When does 14 CFR Part 107 generally apply?
Impendulo
It generally applies to civil operations of small unmanned aircraft in the United States that are not conducted under another authority, such as the limited recreational exception.
Ikhadi 2
Umbuzo
Who must receive the preflight operating briefing?
Impendulo
Everyone directly participating in the operation, including visual observers and people manipulating the controls. Cover conditions, roles, hazards, and normal and emergency procedures.
Ikhadi 3
Umbuzo
What is controlled airspace?
Impendulo
Airspace of defined dimensions where ATC service is provided according to the airspace classification. For Part 107, authorization depends on the specific class and area.
Ikhadi 4
Umbuzo
What is the basic difference between a weather observation and a forecast?
Impendulo
An observation reports conditions that exist now at a location; a forecast predicts conditions for a future period and area.
Ikhadi 5
Umbuzo
What is a small unmanned aircraft under Part 107?
Impendulo
An unmanned aircraft weighing less than 55 pounds at takeoff, including everything on board or attached.
Ikhadi 6
Umbuzo
What site conditions belong in a preflight assessment?
Impendulo
Weather, airspace, restrictions, people, moving vehicles, wildlife, structures, wires, launch and recovery areas, lighting, interference, and alternate landing areas.
Ikhadi 7
Umbuzo
Does being below maximum takeoff weight guarantee a safe takeoff?
Impendulo
No. Elevation, temperature, humidity, wind, launch area, obstacles, battery condition, and aircraft limits may require a lower weight.
Ikhadi 8
Umbuzo
What is the typical shape and purpose of Class B airspace?
Impendulo
Individually tailored layers around the nation's busiest airports, often resembling an upside-down wedding cake. Part 107 operations require prior authorization.
Ikhadi 9
Umbuzo
What control-link checks belong before takeoff?
Impendulo
Verify pairing, command response, antenna and frequency setup, interference risk, lost-link behavior, range needs, and crew communication.
Ikhadi 10
Umbuzo
What does a small unmanned aircraft system include?
Impendulo
The aircraft plus the communication links and components needed to control it safely and efficiently.
Ikhadi 11
Umbuzo
What does a METAR report?
Impendulo
Current surface weather at an airport or reporting station in a standard coded format.
Ikhadi 12
Umbuzo
When must a remote PIC be designated?
Impendulo
Before or during the flight. Every Part 107 operation must have a designated remote pilot in command.
Ikhadi 13
Umbuzo
What power and attachment checks belong before takeoff?
Impendulo
Confirm adequate battery or fuel, secure installation, correct payload and guards, unobstructed sensors and moving parts, and the intended configuration.
Ikhadi 14
Umbuzo
How does excess weight usually affect aircraft performance?
Impendulo
It reduces climb, ceiling, range, endurance, and maneuverability while increasing power demand and structural load.
Ikhadi 15
Umbuzo
Who has final authority for a Part 107 operation?
Impendulo
The designated remote PIC. That person is directly responsible for the operation and must ensure it complies with applicable rules.
Ikhadi 16
Umbuzo
What airport environment usually has Class C airspace?
Impendulo
An airport with an operating tower, radar approach control, and qualifying traffic volume. Part 107 operations require prior authorization.
Ikhadi 17
Umbuzo
What makes crew communication effective?
Impendulo
Agreed roles, plain callouts, immediate hazard reports, acknowledgment of critical instructions, and a clear transfer-of-control procedure.
Ikhadi 18
Umbuzo
What is a SPECI?
Impendulo
An unscheduled special surface-weather report issued when significant conditions change or other criteria are met.
Ikhadi 19
Umbuzo
May a noncertificated person manipulate the controls?
Impendulo
Yes, under the direct supervision of a qualified remote PIC who can immediately take direct control.
Ikhadi 20
Umbuzo
Does using a visual observer transfer remote-PIC responsibility?
Impendulo
No. The visual observer supports awareness, while the remote PIC remains responsible and must ensure effective coordination.
Ikhadi 21
Umbuzo
What condition must the small UAS be in before flight?
Impendulo
A condition for safe operation. The remote PIC must inspect it before each flight and stop if a known condition would make the operation unsafe.
Ikhadi 22
Umbuzo
What airport environment usually has Class D airspace?
Impendulo
Airspace around an airport with an operating control tower. Part 107 operations require prior authorization.
Ikhadi 23
Umbuzo
What does a TAF provide?
Impendulo
A forecast for the area within roughly 5 statute miles of an airport during its stated valid period.
Ikhadi 24
Umbuzo
How should a remote PIC build a current internet weather briefing?
Impendulo
Cross-check current observations, forecasts, hazard advisories, and graphical products for the operation's place and time. Use current FAA/NWS or Flight Service sources and check each product's issue and valid times.
Ikhadi 25
Umbuzo
What is the remote PIC's role when automation flies the route?
Impendulo
Continuously monitor the aircraft, environment, control link, and automation mode, and remain ready to intervene before safety margins disappear.
Ikhadi 26
Umbuzo
When must a crewmember decline a Part 107 role for medical reasons?
Impendulo
When a physical or mental condition would interfere with safe operation of the small UAS.
Ikhadi 27
Umbuzo
Why must in-flight weight changes be planned?
Impendulo
Releasing payload or consuming fuel can improve some performance while shifting the center of gravity and changing control response.
Ikhadi 28
Umbuzo
When does Class E airspace require Part 107 authorization?
Impendulo
When it is the surface area designated for an airport. Other Class E airspace does not generally require Part 107 authorization.
Ikhadi 29
Umbuzo
What may the FAA inspect from a Part 107 operator?
Impendulo
The remote pilot certificate, identification, registration, required records, the small UAS, and information or tests needed to determine compliance.
Ikhadi 30
Umbuzo
What should a lost-link plan decide before flight?
Impendulo
The aircraft's automatic action, route and altitude, timeout, recovery area, crew callouts, and point at which the flight will be terminated safely.
Ikhadi 31
Umbuzo
What do ASOS and AWOS provide?
Impendulo
Automated surface weather observations. Their data are useful but still represent conditions at the sensor location.
Ikhadi 32
Umbuzo
How must a remote PIC carry the certificate during an operation?
Impendulo
The remote pilot certificate and identification must be in the person's physical possession and readily accessible.
Ikhadi 33
Umbuzo
What is the first priority during a flyaway?
Impendulo
Protect people and other aircraft: warn the crew, track the aircraft if possible, assess airspace and trajectory, and notify appropriate authorities when needed.
Ikhadi 34
Umbuzo
What is Class G airspace?
Impendulo
Uncontrolled airspace from the surface to the base of overlying controlled airspace. Part 107 does not require ATC authorization solely because the operation is in Class G.
Ikhadi 35
Umbuzo
Does a Part 107 drone at or below 0.55 pound need registration?
Impendulo
Yes. The weight-based registration exception applies only when the aircraft is flown exclusively under the limited recreational exception.
Ikhadi 36
Umbuzo
What should a remote PIC do after unexpected GPS loss?
Impendulo
Use the aircraft's known non-GPS control mode or contingency procedure, stabilize or land promptly, and avoid relying on automation that needs valid position data.
Ikhadi 37
Umbuzo
What is the center of gravity?
Impendulo
The point at which the aircraft's total weight can be considered concentrated.
Ikhadi 38
Umbuzo
What does the four-letter group after METAR identify?
Impendulo
The reporting station's ICAO identifier, such as a K-prefixed identifier in the contiguous United States.
Ikhadi 39
Umbuzo
How are aircraft registered for Part 107 operations?
Impendulo
Each aircraft is registered separately and receives its own registration number.
Ikhadi 40
Umbuzo
What should be done with a swollen, damaged, or overheating lithium battery?
Impendulo
Do not fly or charge it. Isolate it safely and follow the manufacturer and hazardous-material handling guidance.
Ikhadi 41
Umbuzo
Why is Class A not a normal Part 107 operating environment?
Impendulo
Class A begins at 18,000 feet MSL, far above ordinary Part 107 altitude limits.
Ikhadi 42
Umbuzo
How long is a Part 48 registration certificate valid?
Impendulo
Three years. Renewal verification may occur at any time within the six months preceding the month in which the certificate expires.
Ikhadi 43
Umbuzo
How is a METAR time group decoded?
Impendulo
The first two digits are the day of the month and the next four are UTC time; Z means Zulu, or UTC.
Ikhadi 44
Umbuzo
What is the safest basic lithium-battery charging practice?
Impendulo
Use compatible equipment on a nonflammable surface, monitor the charge, control temperature, and keep a suitable response plan nearby.
Ikhadi 45
Umbuzo
When must Part 48 registration information be updated or canceled?
Impendulo
Within 14 calendar days after an applicable change, destruction, transfer, export, or end of eligibility.
Ikhadi 46
Umbuzo
What registration document must be available during a Part 107 flight?
Impendulo
The aircraft's FAA registration certificate, as a paper or digital copy. Anyone operating the drone must have it in their possession while flying.
Ikhadi 47
Umbuzo
What moves an aircraft's center of gravity?
Impendulo
Changing where weight is placed, attached, shifted, or released.
Ikhadi 48
Umbuzo
What is the NAS, and what is ATC’s role within it?
Impendulo
The National Airspace System integrates U.S. airspace, facilities, services, rules, and people. ATC promotes a safe, orderly traffic flow and helps prevent collisions, but it doesn't replace the remote PIC's Part 107 or see-and-avoid duties.
Ikhadi 49
Umbuzo
What makes an emergency plan useful?
Impendulo
Specific triggers, immediate actions, crew callouts, safe landing areas, emergency contacts, and aircraft-specific procedures that the crew has reviewed before flight.
Ikhadi 50
Umbuzo
How is a Class B boundary shown on a sectional chart?
Impendulo
With solid blue lines. The charted altitude figures define the shelves and limits.
Ikhadi 51
Umbuzo
What is the first response to a lithium-battery fire?
Impendulo
Move people away, call emergency services as needed, follow the site and battery response plan, and use a suitable extinguisher only if trained. Damaged cells can reignite, so keep monitoring from a safe position.
Ikhadi 52
Umbuzo
How must a Part 48 registration number appear on a drone?
Impendulo
Legibly displayed, affixed, and visible on an external surface of the aircraft.
Ikhadi 53
Umbuzo
How is 22012KT decoded in a weather report?
Impendulo
Wind is from 220 degrees true at 12 knots.
Ikhadi 54
Umbuzo
What recurring factors contribute to many small-UAS accidents?
Impendulo
Weak planning, loss of control, failure to detect or yield to other aircraft, and poor judgment or decision-making. Careful planning, continuous control, traffic scanning, and conservative decisions reduce those risks.
Ikhadi 55
Umbuzo
Which drones must follow Remote ID operating rules?
Impendulo
Unmanned aircraft that are registered or required to be registered, unless a specific Part 89 exception or authorization applies.
Ikhadi 56
Umbuzo
What is the Part 107 maximum groundspeed?
Impendulo
87 knots, which is 100 miles per hour.
Ikhadi 57
Umbuzo
How is a Class C boundary shown on a sectional chart?
Impendulo
With solid magenta lines.
Ikhadi 58
Umbuzo
What are the three ordinary ways to comply with Remote ID?
Impendulo
Operate a Standard Remote ID drone, use an FAA-compliant broadcast module, or fly a nonbroadcasting drone entirely within a FRIA under its conditions.
Ikhadi 59
Umbuzo
What is the normal Part 107 altitude limit?
Impendulo
400 feet above ground level.
Ikhadi 60
Umbuzo
What does 18010G18KT mean?
Impendulo
Wind from 180 degrees true at 10 knots, gusting to 18 knots.
Ikhadi 61
Umbuzo
How should spare lithium batteries be transported safely?
Impendulo
Inspect them, protect the terminals from short circuit, and pack them against movement or damage. Don't transport a battery that is swollen, damaged, overheating, or subject to a safety recall unless it has been made safe under the applicable transport rules.
Ikhadi 62
Umbuzo
What should a pilot do if the loaded CG is outside approved limits?
Impendulo
Do not fly. Relocate or remove weight until the aircraft remains within limits for the entire operation.
Ikhadi 63
Umbuzo
What information does Standard Remote ID broadcast?
Impendulo
Aircraft identity; the drone's position, geometric altitude, and velocity; the control station's position and geometric altitude; a UTC time mark; and the aircraft's emergency status.
Ikhadi 64
Umbuzo
How is a Class D boundary shown on a sectional chart?
Impendulo
With a dashed blue line.
Ikhadi 65
Umbuzo
What altitude exception applies near a structure?
Impendulo
Within 400 feet horizontally of a structure, the drone may fly up to 400 feet above the structure's uppermost limit, subject to airspace and other rules.
Ikhadi 66
Umbuzo
What are the basic Part 107 visibility and cloud clearances?
Impendulo
At least 3 statute miles of flight visibility from the control station, 500 feet below clouds, and 2,000 feet horizontally from clouds.
Ikhadi 67
Umbuzo
What location replaces the control-station location in a broadcast-module message?
Impendulo
The aircraft's takeoff location and geometric altitude. The module also broadcasts its serial number and the aircraft's position, altitude, velocity, and time mark.
Ikhadi 68
Umbuzo
What must visual line of sight let the crew determine?
Impendulo
The aircraft's location, attitude, altitude, direction, nearby traffic and hazards, and whether it remains safe to operate.
Ikhadi 69
Umbuzo
How is a Class E surface area shown on a sectional chart?
Impendulo
With a dashed magenta line. A Part 107 operation inside its lateral boundary needs prior authorization.
Ikhadi 70
Umbuzo
What does 2SM mean in a METAR?
Impendulo
Prevailing visibility is 2 statute miles, below Part 107's normal 3-statute-mile minimum.
Ikhadi 71
Umbuzo
What must the person manipulating the controls do if Standard Remote ID or a broadcast module stops broadcasting in flight?
Impendulo
Land the aircraft as soon as practicable.
Ikhadi 72
Umbuzo
Why can a payload mounted off center be hazardous?
Impendulo
It creates an unbalanced moment, increases control effort, and may leave too little control authority to resist wind or recover from a disturbance.
Ikhadi 73
Umbuzo
May corrective lenses be used to maintain visual line of sight?
Impendulo
Yes. Vision must otherwise be unaided by devices such as binoculars.
Ikhadi 74
Umbuzo
What extra operating limit comes with a Remote ID broadcast module?
Impendulo
The person manipulating the controls must be able to see the aircraft at all times throughout the operation.
Ikhadi 75
Umbuzo
For METAR weather that accepts an intensity qualifier, what do
-,+, and no sign mean?Impendulo
-means light,+means heavy, and no sign means moderate. Apply that rule only to weather phenomena that use intensity qualifiers.Ikhadi 76
Umbuzo
What communication must a visual observer maintain?
Impendulo
Effective communication with the remote PIC and the person manipulating the controls so traffic and hazards can be shared promptly.
Ikhadi 77
Umbuzo
What does a shaded magenta Class E boundary usually indicate?
Impendulo
Class E begins at 700 feet AGL on the faded side of the boundary.
Ikhadi 78
Umbuzo
What conditions apply to a non-Remote-ID flight in a FRIA?
Impendulo
Both the aircraft and the person manipulating the controls must remain within the FRIA boundaries, and that person must see the aircraft throughout the flight.
Ikhadi 79
Umbuzo
How many drones may one person serve at once under Part 107?
Impendulo
One. A person may not manipulate controls, serve as remote PIC, or serve as visual observer for more than one operation at the same time.
Ikhadi 80
Umbuzo
How do FEW, SCT, BKN, and OVC differ?
Impendulo
FEW is more than 0 through 2/8 sky cover; SCT is 3/8–4/8; BKN is 5/8–7/8; and OVC is 8/8.
Ikhadi 81
Umbuzo
What can a weather chart or graphical product tell you—and what can't it?
Impendulo
It shows the broad location, movement, or forecast extent of weather. Its valid time, scale, symbols, and resolution limit it, so it doesn't replace current site-specific reports, forecasts, and advisories.
Ikhadi 82
Umbuzo
What is aircraft stability?
Impendulo
The inherent tendency to resist a disturbance or return toward the original flight condition.
Ikhadi 83
Umbuzo
What Remote ID detail belongs in a Part 107 registration record?
Impendulo
The serial number of the Standard Remote ID aircraft or the broadcast module used for that registered device.
Ikhadi 84
Umbuzo
Which aircraft have right of way over a small UAS?
Impendulo
All aircraft, airborne vehicles, and launch or reentry vehicles. The small UAS must yield and must not create a collision hazard.
Ikhadi 85
Umbuzo
What does a shaded blue Class E boundary usually indicate?
Impendulo
Class E begins at 1,200 feet AGL on the faded side of the boundary.
Ikhadi 86
Umbuzo
Can ADS-B Out satisfy Remote ID?
Impendulo
No. Part 89 expressly rejects ADS-B Out as a means of Remote ID compliance.
Ikhadi 87
Umbuzo
May a Part 107 small UAS carry hazardous material?
Impendulo
No. Part 107 prohibits carrying hazardous material as defined by federal hazardous-materials law.
Ikhadi 88
Umbuzo
Which reported cloud layers form a ceiling?
Impendulo
The lowest broken or overcast layer, or vertical visibility into an obscuration. Few and scattered layers are not ceilings.
Ikhadi 89
Umbuzo
Why must a remote pilot distinguish MSL from AGL?
Impendulo
MSL measures altitude from mean sea level, while AGL measures height above the local surface. Sectional airspace limits commonly use MSL; Part 107's normal height limit uses AGL.
Ikhadi 90
Umbuzo
What conduct does Part 107 prohibit as hazardous operation?
Impendulo
Careless or reckless operation that endangers another person's life or property, and dropping an object in a way that creates an undue hazard.
Ikhadi 91
Umbuzo
When may the FAA authorize a Remote ID deviation?
Impendulo
For an operation conducted solely for aeronautical research or to show compliance with regulations, or under another specific FAA authorization.
Ikhadi 92
Umbuzo
Why can a small-UAS radio link fail even within visual range?
Impendulo
Shared-band interference, barriers, antenna orientation, distance, or terrain can weaken a line-of-sight RF link. Check the site and link before flight, stay within manufacturer limits, and follow the lost-link plan.
Ikhadi 93
Umbuzo
What is CTAF?
Impendulo
The Common Traffic Advisory Frequency used for airport advisory practices at an airport without an operating control tower.
Ikhadi 94
Umbuzo
What is maneuverability?
Impendulo
The aircraft's ability to change attitude or flightpath and withstand the loads created by those maneuvers.
Ikhadi 95
Umbuzo
May a small UAS be operated from a moving aircraft?
Impendulo
No.
Ikhadi 96
Umbuzo
How do UNICOM and MULTICOM differ?
Impendulo
UNICOM is a nongovernment air-ground station that may provide airport information; MULTICOM is a common self-announce frequency used where no tower, FSS, or UNICOM is available.
Ikhadi 97
Umbuzo
Who may apply to establish a FRIA?
Impendulo
An FAA-recognized community-based organization or an educational institution. An individual pilot cannot establish one alone.
Ikhadi 98
Umbuzo
How is BKN015 decoded?
Impendulo
A broken cloud layer with a base 1,500 feet AGL.
Ikhadi 99
Umbuzo
How are sectional airspace altitudes commonly written?
Impendulo
In hundreds of feet MSL, with the ceiling above the floor. A floor marked SFC begins at the surface.
Ikhadi 100
Umbuzo
When may a small UAS be operated from a moving land or water vehicle?
Impendulo
Only over a sparsely populated area, and not while transporting another person's property for compensation or hire.
Ikhadi 101
Umbuzo
What does ATIS provide?
Impendulo
A repeating broadcast of current local weather and important noncontrol airport information, identified by a letter code that changes with updates.
Ikhadi 102
Umbuzo
What does “November” followed by letters or numbers identify in a traffic call?
Impendulo
A U.S. civil aircraft registration used as its call sign. Decode the remaining characters with standard digits and the aviation phonetic alphabet.
Ikhadi 103
Umbuzo
What must a foreign-registered drone obtain before U.S. Remote ID operations?
Impendulo
The operator must file the required Notice of Identification and receive an FAA Confirmation of Identification before operating in the United States.
Ikhadi 104
Umbuzo
What alcohol limits apply to a Part 107 crewmember?
Impendulo
No duty within 8 hours after drinking, while under the influence, or with a blood alcohol concentration of 0.04 percent or more.
Ikhadi 105
Umbuzo
How is M02/M05 decoded?
Impendulo
Temperature minus 2 degrees Celsius and dew point minus 5 degrees Celsius.
Ikhadi 106
Umbuzo
Must a Part 107 pilot routinely transmit on aviation radio near an airport?
Impendulo
No. Monitoring the correct frequency can improve awareness, but it does not replace visual vigilance or create a general transmission requirement.
Ikhadi 107
Umbuzo
What are A–I in the aviation phonetic alphabet?
Impendulo
Alfa, Bravo, Charlie, Delta, Echo, Foxtrot, Golf, Hotel, India.
Ikhadi 108
Umbuzo
What extra §107.29 conditions apply in ordinary daylight?
Impendulo
None solely because it is daylight. The night-knowledge and three-statute-mile anti-collision-light conditions in §107.29 do not apply, but every other applicable Part 107 requirement still does.
Ikhadi 109
Umbuzo
What does a blue versus magenta airport symbol usually tell you?
Impendulo
Blue generally identifies an airport with an operating control tower; magenta generally identifies a nontowered airport.
Ikhadi 110
Umbuzo
What Remote ID label should an operator verify?
Impendulo
A Standard Remote ID aircraft or broadcast module must carry the producer's legible, prominent, permanently affixed English label stating that it meets Part 89.
Ikhadi 111
Umbuzo
Does ordinary license-free drone-control equipment need an individual FCC operator license?
Impendulo
No, provided FCC-authorized equipment is used within the conditions of its license-free radio service. Equipment authorization applies to the device; other frequencies or radio services may require an individual operator or station license.
Ikhadi 112
Umbuzo
May a crewmember use a drug that impairs safe operation?
Impendulo
No. A person may not participate while using a drug that affects their faculties contrary to safety.
Ikhadi 113
Umbuzo
What is Local Airport Advisory service?
Impendulo
It is an FSS advisory service available only in Alaska, within 10 statute miles of an airport where the tower isn't operating and an FSS is located on the airport. Check the current Alaska Chart Supplement for availability.
Ikhadi 114
Umbuzo
What is controllability?
Impendulo
The aircraft's ability to respond to control inputs, regardless of how inherently stable it is.
Ikhadi 115
Umbuzo
What knowledge prerequisite applies to Part 107 night operations?
Impendulo
The remote PIC must have completed an initial knowledge test or training, as applicable under §107.65, after April 6, 2021. Applicable training may be initial Part 61 training or recurrent training.
Ikhadi 116
Umbuzo
How is A2992 decoded in a METAR?
Impendulo
An altimeter setting of 29.92 inches of mercury.
Ikhadi 117
Umbuzo
How should a remote pilot treat a towered airport when its control tower is closed?
Impendulo
Treat it as an airport without an operating tower: check the published CTAF and procedures, monitor traffic, and rely on see-and-avoid rather than tower control.
Ikhadi 118
Umbuzo
What does a crewed-aircraft self-announcement normally communicate?
Impendulo
The aircraft identity, airport, position, altitude when useful, and intentions. Use that information to project the traffic path; Part 107 doesn't create a routine transmit requirement.
Ikhadi 119
Umbuzo
What is a prohibited area?
Impendulo
Airspace where flight is prohibited for security or national-welfare reasons unless the responsible agency authorizes it.
Ikhadi 120
Umbuzo
What lighting is required for a Part 107 night flight?
Impendulo
Anti-collision lighting visible for at least 3 statute miles, with a flash rate sufficient to avoid a collision.
Ikhadi 121
Umbuzo
What relationship holds in steady, level flight?
Impendulo
Lift equals weight. If available lift becomes insufficient for the weight and conditions, altitude cannot be maintained.
Ikhadi 122
Umbuzo
What Remote ID check is required before takeoff with a broadcast module?
Impendulo
The person manipulating the controls must ensure the module is functioning as required by Part 89 before takeoff.
Ikhadi 123
Umbuzo
Why should a remote pilot understand the traffic pattern?
Impendulo
It predicts where crewed aircraft are likely to climb, descend, turn, and approach, helping the small UAS remain clear.
Ikhadi 124
Umbuzo
What are J–R in the aviation phonetic alphabet?
Impendulo
Juliett, Kilo, Lima, Mike, November, Oscar, Papa, Quebec, Romeo.
Ikhadi 125
Umbuzo
What certificate consequences can follow prohibited drug or alcohol conduct?
Impendulo
The FAA may deny an application for up to one year or suspend or revoke a certificate. Refusing a qualifying alcohol test or refusing to release requested results can trigger the same consequences.
Ikhadi 126
Umbuzo
What does RMK introduce in a METAR?
Impendulo
The remarks section, which can add sensor, pressure, lightning, visibility, and other details.
Ikhadi 127
Umbuzo
May anti-collision lighting be dimmed at night?
Impendulo
Its intensity may be reduced when necessary for safety, but it may not be extinguished during the operation.
Ikhadi 128
Umbuzo
What is a restricted area?
Impendulo
Airspace containing unusual, often invisible hazards such as artillery or missile activity. A Part 107 operation requires permission from the using or controlling agency, as applicable.
Ikhadi 129
Umbuzo
Which sources provide current airport operating data?
Impendulo
The sectional chart, Chart Supplement, current NOTAMs, and local broadcasts such as ATIS, ASOS, or AWOS.
Ikhadi 130
Umbuzo
Why do heliports and seaplane bases need separate traffic awareness?
Impendulo
Their traffic may use water, pads, or routes that don't match a runway pattern. Identify the facility on current charts and airport data, then watch for low or unexpected arrivals and departures.
Ikhadi 131
Umbuzo
What is a warning area?
Impendulo
Airspace extending from 3 nautical miles outward from the U.S. coast that warns of potentially hazardous activity where the United States lacks sole jurisdiction.
Ikhadi 132
Umbuzo
What is civil twilight for Part 107 outside Alaska?
Impendulo
The 30 minutes before official sunrise and the 30 minutes after official sunset. During civil twilight, the aircraft must have an anti-collision light visible for at least 3 statute miles with a flash rate sufficient to avoid collision; its intensity may be reduced, but not extinguished, when safety requires.
Ikhadi 133
Umbuzo
How is a runway number derived?
Impendulo
From the runway's magnetic direction rounded to the nearest 10 degrees, with the final zero omitted.
Ikhadi 134
Umbuzo
How far may a remote PIC deviate during an in-flight emergency?
Impendulo
Only as far as necessary to address that emergency.
Ikhadi 135
Umbuzo
How is the TAF valid period 2512/2618 decoded?
Impendulo
From 1200 UTC on the 25th until 1800 UTC on the 26th.
Ikhadi 136
Umbuzo
When is an emergency-deviation report required?
Impendulo
Only when the FAA requests one. The remote PIC must then provide a written report.
Ikhadi 137
Umbuzo
What do hold-position markings protect?
Impendulo
They mark a boundary that aircraft and vehicles must not cross without the required clearance or authorization, protecting an active runway or other controlled surface.
Ikhadi 138
Umbuzo
What are S–Z in the aviation phonetic alphabet?
Impendulo
Sierra, Tango, Uniform, Victor, Whiskey, Xray, Yankee, Zulu.
Ikhadi 139
Umbuzo
What is load factor?
Impendulo
The ratio of the aerodynamic load supported by the aircraft to its weight, expressed in Gs.
Ikhadi 140
Umbuzo
What should a remote pilot get from the current Chart Supplement?
Impendulo
Airport and runway details, lighting, communications, weather sources, notices, procedures, and other data that aren't readily shown graphically. The FAA issues the Chart Supplement every 56 days, so use the current edition.
Ikhadi 141
Umbuzo
Which Part 107 accidents require an FAA report?
Impendulo
Within 10 calendar days, report an operation causing serious injury or loss of consciousness, or qualifying damage to property other than the drone above the $500 threshold.
Ikhadi 142
Umbuzo
What is the purpose of a military operations area?
Impendulo
To separate specified military training activity from IFR traffic. Other pilots should check its status and exercise extreme caution.
Ikhadi 143
Umbuzo
How do hazard and risk differ?
Impendulo
A hazard is a condition that can cause harm; risk is the assessed likelihood and severity of that harm in the planned operation.
amakhadi angu-286
FAA Part 107 Flashcards: Remote Pilot Knowledge Test Review
Funda leli qoqo mahhalaI-Nibomo iyavuleka ukuze uqale ukufunda.
Ikhadi 144
Umbuzo
How can a remote pilot obtain a current established NOTAM?
Impendulo
Use FAA NOTAM Search or request it through Flight Service's current online or telephone briefing channels. Confirm the location, effective period, and any later change before flight.
Ikhadi 145
Umbuzo
What does SIDA mean at an airport?
Impendulo
Security Identification Display Area—a limited-access area that requires authorization and proper displayed identification. Don't enter if you aren't authorized; ask the airport authority when the boundary is unclear.
Ikhadi 146
Umbuzo
What does FM mark in a TAF?
Impendulo
A rapid, lasting change beginning at the stated time, after which the new forecast conditions apply.
Ikhadi 147
Umbuzo
Which controlled airspace needs prior Part 107 authorization?
Impendulo
Class B, C, and D airspace, plus the lateral boundaries of Class E surface areas designated for an airport.
Ikhadi 148
Umbuzo
What does PAVE organize?
Impendulo
Preflight risk into Pilot, Aircraft, enVironment, and External pressures.
Ikhadi 149
Umbuzo
What load factor occurs in a coordinated 60-degree level turn?
Impendulo
2 G. The aircraft must produce lift equal to twice its weight to hold altitude.
Ikhadi 150
Umbuzo
What rule applies near any airport without controlled-airspace authorization requirements?
Impendulo
The operation still may not interfere with airport traffic patterns or operations.
Ikhadi 151
Umbuzo
How does traffic awareness differ with an operating tower versus a closed or nontowered airport?
Impendulo
With an operating tower, monitor its published frequency and use the traffic picture it provides. When the tower is closed or absent, use the published CTAF and nontowered procedures. Monitoring never authorizes the UAS or replaces visual vigilance and other Part 107 duties.
Ikhadi 152
Umbuzo
What does an alert area signal?
Impendulo
A high volume of pilot training or unusual aerial activity. All pilots remain responsible for collision avoidance.
Ikhadi 153
Umbuzo
What does IMSAFE check?
Impendulo
Personal fitness through Illness, Medication, Stress, Alcohol, Fatigue, and Emotion.
Ikhadi 154
Umbuzo
How do TEMPO and PROB30 differ in a TAF?
Impendulo
TEMPO describes temporary fluctuations during a period; PROB30 gives a 30 percent probability of specified conditions during its period.
Ikhadi 155
Umbuzo
What is needed to enter prohibited or restricted airspace?
Impendulo
Permission from the using or controlling agency, as applicable, in addition to compliance with other requirements.
Ikhadi 156
Umbuzo
How are altitude, direction, speed, and time normally spoken on aviation radio?
Impendulo
Use distinct digits and the standard label: 12,500 is “one two thousand five hundred”; heading 270 is “heading two seven zero”; 15 knots is “one five knots”; 0930 UTC is “zero niner three zero Zulu.”
Ikhadi 157
Umbuzo
What are the three steps of the 3P model?
Impendulo
Perceive hazards, Process their effect on safety, and Perform the best risk control. Repeat as conditions change.
Ikhadi 158
Umbuzo
What must a remote PIC do about a temporary flight restriction?
Impendulo
Check current NOTAMs before flight and comply with the TFR unless specifically authorized otherwise.
Ikhadi 159
Umbuzo
For §107.9 reporting, what counts as a serious injury?
Impendulo
An injury at Abbreviated Injury Scale Level 3 or higher. Loss of consciousness remains a separate reporting trigger even without that injury classification.
Ikhadi 160
Umbuzo
Why is a controlled firing area not charted?
Impendulo
Its hazardous activity must stop when a spotter, radar, or lookout detects an approaching aircraft, so nonparticipating aircraft need not reroute around it.
Ikhadi 161
Umbuzo
What are the legs and normal turn direction of a standard airport traffic pattern?
Impendulo
Departure, upwind, crosswind, downwind, base, and final approach are distinct components; upwind is not another name for departure. Standard traffic uses left turns unless airport markings or current publications specify otherwise.
Ikhadi 162
Umbuzo
What does a Convective SIGMET warn about?
Impendulo
Significant convective hazards such as severe, embedded, or organized thunderstorms, including qualifying hail, wind, or tornado risk.
Ikhadi 163
Umbuzo
How do CARE and TEAM support a risk decision?
Impendulo
CARE processes Consequences, Alternatives, Reality, and External factors; TEAM chooses to Transfer, Eliminate, Accept, or Mitigate the risk.
Ikhadi 164
Umbuzo
What must preflight familiarization cover?
Impendulo
Local weather, airspace and restrictions, people and property, ground hazards, crew roles, control links, power, attachments, and the aircraft's condition.
Ikhadi 165
Umbuzo
What night-lighting check belongs in the preflight inspection?
Impendulo
Verify that the required anti-collision light works, is positioned and rated to remain visible for at least 3 statute miles, and has enough power for the planned flight and landing.
Ikhadi 166
Umbuzo
How does increased load factor affect fixed-wing stall speed?
Impendulo
Stall speed rises with the square root of load factor, so steep or abrupt maneuvers can cause a stall at a higher airspeed.
Ikhadi 167
Umbuzo
What does an MTR identifier reveal?
Impendulo
IR denotes an IFR route, and VR denotes a VFR route. Four digits mean no route segment is above 1,500 feet AGL, while three digits mean at least one segment is above 1,500 feet AGL; a trailing letter may identify an alternate route. Expect fast, low-altitude military traffic.
Ikhadi 168
Umbuzo
What extra limits apply when transporting property for compensation under Part 107?
Impendulo
The transport must stay wholly within one State, territory, or U.S. possession, or within the District of Columbia. It must also remain within visual line of sight, use no moving vehicle, and keep the aircraft plus property under 55 pounds.
Ikhadi 169
Umbuzo
What is crew resource management?
Impendulo
The effective use of people, equipment, and information to coordinate the operation and make safer decisions.
Ikhadi 170
Umbuzo
What is density altitude?
Impendulo
Pressure altitude corrected for nonstandard temperature. Operationally, it describes the air density the aircraft performs as though it were experiencing.
Ikhadi 171
Umbuzo
May a Part 107 drone transmit with a transponder?
Impendulo
Not unless the FAA authorizes or directs its use.
Ikhadi 172
Umbuzo
How is a temporary flight restriction established?
Impendulo
Through an FDC NOTAM that states the location, effective time, dimensions, altitudes, reason, and coordinating facility.
Ikhadi 173
Umbuzo
What should a remote pilot do about birds or other wildlife near the route?
Impendulo
Avoid known concentrations and migration activity, then divert or land before a conflict develops. Report any wildlife strike through the FAA Wildlife Strike Database or Form 5200-7.
Ikhadi 174
Umbuzo
What is situational awareness?
Impendulo
An accurate understanding of the aircraft, crew, environment, mission, and how those conditions are likely to change.
Ikhadi 175
Umbuzo
What colors normally distinguish runway and taxiway markings?
Impendulo
Runway markings are white; taxiway markings are yellow. Holding-position markings are also yellow, even when placed on a runway.
Ikhadi 176
Umbuzo
How does high density altitude affect a small UAS?
Impendulo
Thinner air reduces propeller, wing, and cooling performance, often lowering payload, climb rate, and endurance.
Ikhadi 177
Umbuzo
What is single-pilot resource management?
Impendulo
Managing every available resource before and during flight so one pilot can maintain awareness, control workload, assess risk, and decide well.
Ikhadi 178
Umbuzo
Which conditions raise density altitude?
Impendulo
Higher elevation or lower pressure, higher temperature, and higher humidity.
Ikhadi 179
Umbuzo
What is the minimum age for a remote pilot certificate?
Impendulo
- The applicant normally must also read, speak, write, and understand English and have no disqualifying physical or mental condition. If a medical reason prevents meeting an English requirement, the FAA may place operating limitations on the certificate.
Ikhadi 180
Umbuzo
What is an early sign of task saturation?
Impendulo
Working harder while accomplishing less, missing inputs, or fixating on one item. Stop, slow down, prioritize, and reduce workload.
Ikhadi 181
Umbuzo
May ADS-B Out be transmitted during a Part 107 operation?
Impendulo
Not unless the FAA authorizes or directs it. ADS-B Out is also not a substitute for Remote ID.
Ikhadi 182
Umbuzo
Where should a pilot look for frequent parachute-jump activity?
Impendulo
The sectional chart and current Chart Supplement, then current NOTAMs for time-sensitive activity.
Ikhadi 183
Umbuzo
Why should a small UAS never fly beneath an unmanned free balloon?
Impendulo
Its payload suspension or trailing antenna may be hard to see and extend below the balloon. Stay well clear rather than passing underneath.
Ikhadi 184
Umbuzo
What personal equipment should a remote pilot prepare for night operations?
Impendulo
Keep a reliable dimmable white or red flashlight, fresh or spare batteries, and needed charts and checklists accessible. This is an operator-equipment recommendation, separate from the aircraft-lighting rule in §107.29.
Ikhadi 185
Umbuzo
Why does high humidity reduce aircraft performance?
Impendulo
Moist air is less dense than dry air, so the propellers or wings produce less force under otherwise equal conditions.
Ikhadi 186
Umbuzo
Why are external pressures dangerous?
Impendulo
Schedule, client, money, or pride can make a pilot discount weather, condition, or skill limits. A preplanned cancellation rule protects the decision.
Ikhadi 187
Umbuzo
May someone take the initial Part 107 knowledge test before age 16?
Impendulo
Yes, at age 14 or older. Certificate eligibility still begins at age 16.
Ikhadi 188
Umbuzo
What is the usual first-time certification path without a qualifying Part 61 certificate?
Impendulo
Pass the initial Unmanned Aircraft General—Small knowledge test, then complete the FAA application and vetting process.
Ikhadi 189
Umbuzo
Why can high temperature shorten a battery-powered flight?
Impendulo
The aircraft may need more power in less-dense air while the battery and electronics face greater thermal stress.
Ikhadi 190
Umbuzo
How should the anti-authority attitude be countered?
Impendulo
Pause and follow the applicable rule or procedure; do not dismiss it merely because someone else imposed it.
Ikhadi 191
Umbuzo
What is a TRSA?
Impendulo
A Terminal Radar Service Area where participating pilots may receive additional radar services. Participation is voluntary, and the underlying airspace classes still control Part 107 authorization.
Ikhadi 192
Umbuzo
What do common airport beacon colors identify?
Impendulo
A white-and-green beacon identifies a lighted land airport; a white-and-yellow beacon identifies a lighted water airport or seaplane base; and a green-yellow-white beacon identifies a lighted heliport.
Ikhadi 193
Umbuzo
What alternative initial path is available to a qualifying Part 61 pilot?
Impendulo
With a current Part 61 certificate and a flight review within the preceding 24 calendar months, complete the FAA initial online course and identity-validation process.
Ikhadi 194
Umbuzo
What can a rapidly falling barometric pressure signal?
Impendulo
Approaching poor weather or a developing storm system. It is a trend to investigate, not a go/no-go answer by itself.
Ikhadi 195
Umbuzo
How should impulsivity be countered?
Impendulo
Slow down long enough to identify the hazard, options, and safest next action.
Ikhadi 196
Umbuzo
What is a National Security Area?
Impendulo
Airspace where pilots are asked to avoid flight to protect sensitive ground facilities; a NOTAM may temporarily make avoidance mandatory.
Ikhadi 197
Umbuzo
What should a remote pilot extract from tower transmissions?
Impendulo
Identify the aircraft, its position or runway, direction, altitude when stated, and the controller's instruction or the pilot's intention. Use that traffic picture to remain clear; monitoring does not authorize the UAS or replace visual vigilance.
Ikhadi 198
Umbuzo
How recent must Part 107 aeronautical knowledge be?
Impendulo
The remote pilot must have completed an accepted initial or recurrent path within the preceding 24 calendar months.
Ikhadi 199
Umbuzo
How does a strong headwind affect the return leg?
Impendulo
It lowers groundspeed and increases the time and energy needed to return. Plan reserve for the worst expected leg, not the easy outbound leg.
Ikhadi 200
Umbuzo
How should invulnerability be countered?
Impendulo
Treat the hazard as personally relevant: the same failure can happen on this flight.
Ikhadi 201
Umbuzo
How do stable and unstable air usually differ?
Impendulo
Stable air favors smooth conditions, stratiform clouds, haze, and steady precipitation; unstable air favors turbulence, vertical clouds, and showery precipitation.
Ikhadi 202
Umbuzo
Which current FAA recurrent courses serve Part 107 pilots?
Impendulo
ALC-677 is available to Part 107 certificate holders generally; ALC-515 is the recurrent path for a qualifying current Part 61 pilot with a current flight review.
Ikhadi 203
Umbuzo
What is a published VFR route?
Impendulo
A charted route for moving around, under, or through complex airspace. It does not by itself authorize a Part 107 operation.
Ikhadi 204
Umbuzo
What do red, green, and white position lights reveal about a crewed aircraft?
Impendulo
Red marks its left side, green its right side, and white its tail. Use the pattern to judge direction; red on your right and green on your left can indicate that the aircraft is coming toward you.
Ikhadi 205
Umbuzo
How should a macho attitude be countered?
Impendulo
Reject the need to prove skill by taking risk; conservative choices demonstrate sound command.
Ikhadi 206
Umbuzo
What is a temperature inversion?
Impendulo
A layer where temperature increases with altitude. It is stable and can trap fog, haze, smoke, and pollutants near the surface.
Ikhadi 207
Umbuzo
How long can full dark adaptation take?
Impendulo
About 30 minutes in darkness. Bright light can undo it within seconds, so protect night vision before and during the operation.
Ikhadi 208
Umbuzo
Does a current remote pilot retake the UAG test for routine recency?
Impendulo
No. Current FAA recurrent training is completed online; the old recurrent knowledge-test model is obsolete.
Ikhadi 209
Umbuzo
What counts toward the 55-pound small-UA limit?
Impendulo
The aircraft and everything on board or attached at takeoff, including payload, guards, lights, and a Remote ID module.
Ikhadi 210
Umbuzo
How soon may an applicant retake a failed Part 107 knowledge test?
Impendulo
After 14 calendar days.
Ikhadi 211
Umbuzo
How do source regions shape an air mass?
Impendulo
The source region sets the air mass's basic temperature and moisture: continental air is dry, maritime air is moist, polar air is cold, and tropical air is warm.
Ikhadi 212
Umbuzo
How should resignation be countered?
Impendulo
Identify the actions and resources still available; the pilot can change the outcome.
Ikhadi 213
Umbuzo
What happens 30 days after a permanent mailing-address change?
Impendulo
The remote pilot may no longer exercise certificate privileges until the FAA has been notified of the new address.
Ikhadi 214
Umbuzo
How can dehydration or heat stress affect a remote pilot?
Impendulo
It can cause headache, cramps, dizziness, fatigue, poor concentration, and eventually collapse. Hydrate, cool down, and stop before judgment degrades.
Ikhadi 215
Umbuzo
Why must NOTAMs be checked even with a current sectional?
Impendulo
They carry time-critical changes such as TFRs, closures, outages, hazards, and procedures that may not appear on the chart.
Ikhadi 216
Umbuzo
How can precipitation static affect a small UAS?
Impendulo
Charge from rain, snow, fog, dust, or similar particles can interfere with radios, sensors, or the control link. Avoid the condition and follow the aircraft's limits rather than relying on recovery after interference starts.
Ikhadi 217
Umbuzo
How long may a temporary remote pilot certificate remain effective?
Impendulo
Up to 120 calendar days. It ends sooner at the earliest of its printed expiration date, receipt of the permanent certificate, or receipt of notice that the sought certificate is denied or revoked.
Ikhadi 218
Umbuzo
What can follow cheating on a Part 107 knowledge test?
Impendulo
For one year, the person is prohibited from applying for any FAA certificate, rating, or authorization and from applying for or taking any FAA test. A held certificate or rating may also be suspended or revoked.
Ikhadi 219
Umbuzo
How can operational stress affect a remote pilot?
Impendulo
It can narrow attention, cause fixation or haste, and degrade judgment. Reduce workload, pause and reassess, or delay or cancel the flight when stress compromises safe decisions.
Ikhadi 220
Umbuzo
What do basic runway and taxiway light colors mean?
Impendulo
Runway edge lights are normally white and taxiway edge lights blue. Threshold lights show green toward an arriving aircraft, while runway-end lights show red toward the runway.
Ikhadi 221
Umbuzo
What should a pilot do when hyperventilating?
Impendulo
Recognize the rapid breathing, consciously slow the breathing rate, speak or breathe deliberately, and stop the operation if normal function does not return.
Ikhadi 222
Umbuzo
What should a night-flight contingency plan decide?
Impendulo
How to stop or land safely after loss of required lighting, visual orientation, control link, or a safe view of traffic and obstacles. Preselect a suitable recovery area and brief the trigger for ending the flight.
Ikhadi 223
Umbuzo
What does a narrowing temperature–dew point spread suggest?
Impendulo
Air is approaching saturation, increasing the chance of fog, low clouds, dew, or precipitation.
Ikhadi 224
Umbuzo
Does a remote pilot certificate itself expire?
Impendulo
No, but its privileges require current aeronautical knowledge within the preceding 24 calendar months.
Ikhadi 225
Umbuzo
How do mandatory-instruction and location signs differ?
Impendulo
Mandatory-instruction signs have a red background with a white inscription. Location signs have a black background with a yellow inscription and border.
Ikhadi 226
Umbuzo
What is LAANC used for?
Impendulo
It is an FAA system for requesting near-real-time Part 107 airspace authorization at participating facilities, subject to the published altitude grid and operating conditions.
Ikhadi 227
Umbuzo
How should a new medication be handled before flight?
Impendulo
Do not assume over-the-counter means safe. Check the condition and medication effects, allow time to identify side effects, and avoid flying if judgment or alertness may be impaired.
Ikhadi 228
Umbuzo
What must a Part 107 waiver applicant demonstrate?
Impendulo
That the proposed operation can be conducted safely under the waiver's terms and conditions.
Ikhadi 229
Umbuzo
How can fog form near the surface?
Impendulo
When air cools to its dew point, moisture is added, or moist air moves over a colder surface. Light wind can help mix a shallow layer; strong wind may lift it into low stratus.
Ikhadi 230
Umbuzo
What must be checked after attaching a payload?
Impendulo
Total weight, center of gravity, security of attachment, control response, power demand, clearances, and any category or manufacturer limits.
Ikhadi 231
Umbuzo
Why can fatigue be hard to self-detect?
Impendulo
It reduces attention, coordination, communication, and judgment while also weakening the person's ability to recognize that decline.
Ikhadi 232
Umbuzo
What do common obstruction-lighting systems look like at night?
Impendulo
Aviation-red systems show red lights at night. Flashing-white systems use white lights, with reduced night intensity where applicable. Dual systems use white lights by day and red lights at night.
Ikhadi 233
Umbuzo
Does a Part 107 waiver suspend every operating rule?
Impendulo
No. It applies only to the specifically waived sections and remains subject to all listed conditions and limitations.
Ikhadi 234
Umbuzo
Does an airspace authorization waive other Part 107 rules?
Impendulo
No. It permits the specified controlled-airspace operation but does not waive altitude, VLOS, weather, TFR, airport-interference, or other requirements.
Ikhadi 235
Umbuzo
How should a Part 107 crew handle laser activity or illumination?
Impendulo
Avoid known or NOTAMed laser activity. If the remote pilot or control station is illuminated, look away, protect vision, and land or terminate if vision or control is affected. If you witness a laser illuminate any aircraft, record useful details and report the incident through the applicable FAA channel.
Ikhadi 236
Umbuzo
How should a pilot scan for traffic and obstacles?
Impendulo
Use short, overlapping visual sectors with brief pauses instead of one continuous sweep, and move the scan between near and far areas.
Ikhadi 237
Umbuzo
How should a remote pilot look for a dim object at night?
Impendulo
Look about 5° to 10° to one side instead of staring straight at it. Off-center viewing puts the image on rod-rich retina outside the central night blind spot.
Ikhadi 238
Umbuzo
What is prohibited regarding Part 107 certificates, records, and reports?
Impendulo
Fraudulent or intentionally false statements, reproduction for a fraudulent purpose, and alteration.
Ikhadi 239
Umbuzo
What kinds of Part 107 rules may an FAA waiver address?
Impendulo
Only the rules listed in §107.205: moving operations; night or civil-twilight anti-collision lighting; VLOS, visual-observer, and one-aircraft limits; yielding and flight over people or moving vehicles; controlled-airspace authorization; and §107.51 operating limits. Moving-operation and VLOS waivers can't authorize compensated carriage of another person's property.
Ikhadi 240
Umbuzo
When may a drone fly over a person without using Category 1–4?
Impendulo
When the person directly participates in the operation, or is under a covered structure or inside a stationary vehicle that provides reasonable protection from a falling drone.
Ikhadi 241
Umbuzo
What changes should be expected near a front?
Impendulo
Temperature, wind, moisture, clouds, and precipitation can change quickly across the boundary between air masses.
Ikhadi 242
Umbuzo
What is the first concern when operating near an airport traffic pattern?
Impendulo
Avoid interfering with crewed-aircraft operations and maintain awareness of arrivals, departures, and the published traffic pattern.
Ikhadi 243
Umbuzo
Does an older manufacture date automatically bar a drone from Part 107 use?
Impendulo
No. It may operate if it meets all current requirements that apply to the operation, including registration, Remote ID, condition, and any operations-over-people category.
Ikhadi 244
Umbuzo
What is autokinesis?
Impendulo
A stationary light can appear to move when stared at against a dark background. Shift the gaze and use other references instead of fixating.
Ikhadi 245
Umbuzo
Does Part 107 set one universal stand-off distance from people?
Impendulo
No. The remote PIC selects and adjusts a safe distance from the aircraft's path, speed, maneuverability, environment, people, likely failures, and emergency landing options.
Ikhadi 246
Umbuzo
Why is a battery reserve part of performance planning?
Impendulo
Wind, temperature, maneuvering, holding, and an alternate landing area can consume more energy than the nominal mission estimate.
Ikhadi 247
Umbuzo
What makes a microburst dangerous near the surface?
Impendulo
It is an intense, localized downdraft that spreads outward at the surface, producing rapid vertical and horizontal wind shear with little low-altitude recovery margin.
Ikhadi 248
Umbuzo
What makes a drone eligible for Category 1 operations over people?
Impendulo
It must weigh 0.55 pound or less throughout the operation, including attachments, and have no exposed rotating parts that would lacerate human skin.
Ikhadi 249
Umbuzo
How do buildings and terrain affect low-level wind?
Impendulo
They can create gusts, rotors, downdrafts, and turbulence downwind. The stronger the wind and larger the obstacle, the greater the hazard.
Ikhadi 250
Umbuzo
Why should a small UAS stay clear of smoke-stack and cooling-tower plumes?
Impendulo
Visible or invisible hot exhaust can create turbulence, vertical shear, reduced visibility, contamination, and icing. Stay clear—preferably upwind—because the plume's extent is hard to predict.
Ikhadi 251
Umbuzo
What is a false-horizon illusion?
Impendulo
Sloping clouds, terrain, or lights can be mistaken for the true horizon, leading to an incorrect attitude judgment.
Ikhadi 252
Umbuzo
What should an operations-over-people contingency plan decide?
Impendulo
When to stop, divert, or land away from people after lost link, component failure, an eligibility-changing configuration issue, or unexpected crowd movement—and who will call and execute that action.
Ikhadi 253
Umbuzo
From where is Part 107 flight visibility measured?
Impendulo
From the location of the control station, not from a nearby airport weather sensor.
Ikhadi 254
Umbuzo
What injury threshold defines Category 2 eligibility?
Impendulo
The aircraft must not cause injury equivalent to or greater than the severity caused by transferring 11 foot-pounds of kinetic energy upon impact from a rigid object. It must also meet the rule's rotating-part and safety-defect requirements.
Ikhadi 255
Umbuzo
What is the baseline source for small-UAS maintenance?
Impendulo
The current manufacturer or builder instructions, supplemented by the operator's inspection and maintenance program for the actual use and environment.
Ikhadi 256
Umbuzo
Why is low-level wind shear dangerous to a small UAS?
Impendulo
A rapid change in wind speed or direction can abruptly change airspeed, lift, attitude, and ground track close to obstacles or terrain.
Ikhadi 257
Umbuzo
Why are guy wires a serious low-altitude hazard?
Impendulo
They can extend far from a tower and remain nearly invisible even in good weather. Give towers and their support systems wide clearance.
Ikhadi 258
Umbuzo
What injury threshold defines Category 3 eligibility?
Impendulo
The aircraft must not cause injury equivalent to or greater than the severity caused by transferring 25 foot-pounds of kinetic energy upon impact from a rigid object. It must also meet the rule's rotating-part and safety-defect requirements.
Ikhadi 259
Umbuzo
Which data controls an aircraft's exact loading limits?
Impendulo
The current manufacturer or builder operating instructions and limitations for that aircraft and configuration.
Ikhadi 260
Umbuzo
Who may perform maintenance on a Part 107 small UAS?
Impendulo
Part 107 generally doesn't require an FAA mechanic certificate. Follow manufacturer-required personnel or use someone with suitable expertise; Category 4 separately requires the person to have the knowledge, skill, and appropriate equipment under §107.140(c).
Ikhadi 261
Umbuzo
What makes a tornado a no-go hazard for a small UAS?
Impendulo
It combines extreme, rapidly changing winds, violent vertical motion, debris, and an unpredictable path. Stay well clear of any tornado or tornado-producing storm; don't try to observe it from the air.
Ikhadi 262
Umbuzo
What is the core requirement for Category 4 operations over people?
Impendulo
The aircraft must have an FAA airworthiness certificate and be operated and maintained under its approved operating limitations.
Ikhadi 263
Umbuzo
What should Category 2 or 3 remote-pilot operating instructions tell the pilot?
Impendulo
They should describe the system and its limitations; eligible categories and required components; allowed modifications; and how to verify or change the applicable configuration or operating mode.
Ikhadi 264
Umbuzo
Why can an unlighted structure be more hazardous at night?
Impendulo
Its silhouette and support wires may disappear against the background. Chart review, site inspection, lighting checks, and conservative separation become more important.
Ikhadi 265
Umbuzo
Why is hail a no-go hazard for a small UAS?
Impendulo
It can damage propellers, rotors, sensors, antennas, batteries, and the airframe, while nearby convective turbulence and downdrafts can overwhelm control. Avoid any storm producing or forecast to produce hail.
Ikhadi 266
Umbuzo
What performance check follows a repair or configuration change?
Impendulo
Verify weight, balance, control response, power, links, sensors, and expected endurance in a safe environment before returning to the planned mission.
Ikhadi 267
Umbuzo
When may a Category 2 or 3 drone carry an optional component or payload?
Impendulo
Only when the remote pilot operating instructions allow that component, payload, or modification for the declared configuration. It must remain securely attached and within every listed limitation.
Ikhadi 268
Umbuzo
What is the Part 107 response to an emergency airborne inspection of another aircraft?
Impendulo
Stay clear and yield; don't improvise a close pass. Proximity, wake or downwash, stress, communications, separation, and escape-path risks can endanger both aircraft.
Ikhadi 269
Umbuzo
Why should a small UAS avoid lightning activity?
Impendulo
A strike or nearby electrical discharge can damage electronics, interrupt navigation or control links, and injure people on the ground. Stay clear of thunderstorms and land or delay when lightning threatens the operating area.
Ikhadi 270
Umbuzo
For Part 107 Category 1, 2, or 4 sustained flight over an open-air assembly, which Remote ID methods qualify, and what is the Category 3 rule?
Impendulo
Use either a Standard Remote ID aircraft that meets §89.110 or a broadcast-module operation that meets §89.115(a). A nonbroadcast FRIA operation under §89.115(b) does not qualify, and Category 3 operations over an open-air assembly are prohibited.
Ikhadi 271
Umbuzo
How do an operations-over-people MOC and DOC differ?
Impendulo
An MOC is the FAA-accepted test, analysis, or inspection method. A DOC identifies that MOC and attests that the declared aircraft or configuration meets the applicable Category 2 or 3 and safety-defect requirements.
Ikhadi 272
Umbuzo
Why must frost or structural icing be removed before flight?
Impendulo
It disrupts airflow, reduces lift, adds weight, increases drag, and can degrade propeller or control-surface performance.
Ikhadi 273
Umbuzo
What hazards peak in a mature thunderstorm?
Impendulo
Strong updrafts and downdrafts, severe turbulence, gust fronts, microbursts, hail, lightning, heavy rain, and possible tornadoes. Avoid the storm rather than trying to judge a safe path through it.
Ikhadi 274
Umbuzo
Where may a Category 3 drone operate over people?
Impendulo
At a closed or restricted-access site with notice to entrants, or without sustained flight over people except for participants or people protected by a structure or stationary vehicle.
Ikhadi 275
Umbuzo
What maintenance records are required for Category 4?
Impendulo
Record the work, date, and person for one year or until the work is repeated or superseded. Retain life-limited-part, inspection, and airworthiness-directive status and transfer those status records with the aircraft.
Ikhadi 276
Umbuzo
What should the remote PIC evaluate when selecting an area for operations over people?
Impendulo
Evaluate people, moving vehicles and vessels; terrain and structures; the planned path, aircraft performance, and maneuverability; weather; likely failures, escape routes, and emergency landing options; and the pilot's familiarity with the site. Reassess as conditions change.
Ikhadi 277
Umbuzo
When may a Category 4 drone operate over people inside moving vehicles?
Impendulo
Only when the aircraft has the required airworthiness certificate and its operating limitations don't prohibit operations over people inside moving vehicles.
Ikhadi 278
Umbuzo
How can a modification affect operations-over-people eligibility?
Impendulo
A change to weight, structure, rotating parts, software, or required components can invalidate the demonstrated category unless the current approval and instructions cover that configuration.
Ikhadi 279
Umbuzo
Are maintenance records useful when Part 107 doesn't require Category 4 records?
Impendulo
Yes. FAA guidance recommends logging inspections, repairs, alterations, software changes, component time, and return-to-service checks. Category 4 has a separate mandatory record system.
Ikhadi 280
Umbuzo
What must be satisfied for a Part 107 operation over people at night?
Impendulo
Both the applicable Subpart D category rules and §107.29 night rules must be met. The remote PIC needs the applicable night knowledge or training, and the aircraft must stay in an eligible configuration with any operating instructions followed and an anti-collision light visible for at least 3 statute miles with a sufficient flash rate.
Ikhadi 281
Umbuzo
How long must Category 2 or 3 MOC and DOC support records be kept?
Impendulo
A DOC producer keeps supporting data for two years after production ends; a designer or modifier keeps it for two years after submitting the DOC. An MOC submitter keeps its description and justification while the MOC remains FAA-accepted.
Ikhadi 282
Umbuzo
What must the remote PIC check on a Category 2 or 3 aircraft?
Impendulo
The required category label, FAA-accepted Declaration of Compliance listing, current operating instructions, required components, and condition for safe operation.
Ikhadi 283
Umbuzo
When may a Category 1, 2, or 3 drone operate over moving vehicles?
Impendulo
At a closed- or restricted-access site where everyone inside a moving vehicle is on notice, or when the aircraft does not maintain sustained flight over moving vehicles. A brief, one-time transit can be incidental; hovering, circling, or repeated back-and-forth passes are sustained flight.
Ikhadi 284
Umbuzo
May a drone qualify for more than one operations-over-people category?
Impendulo
Yes, but it must not be able to switch inadvertently into a configuration that fails the category being used.
Ikhadi 285
Umbuzo
Who becomes the applicant for a self-built or materially modified Category 2 or 3 drone?
Impendulo
The person who produces, designs, builds from separate components, or makes an eligibility-changing modification. Before Category 2 or 3 operations, that applicant must show compliance through an FAA-accepted MOC and submit a new DOC.
Ikhadi 286
Umbuzo
What should follow maintenance before a normal mission?
Impendulo
Document the work as appropriate, inspect the aircraft, verify correct assembly and software settings, and perform a controlled functional check.
amakhadi angu-286
FAA Part 107 Flashcards: Remote Pilot Knowledge Test Review
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