FAA Part 107 Flashcards: Remote Pilot Knowledge Test Review
Review the current FAA Part 107 knowledge areas with concise recall, practical scenarios, airspace and weather interpretation, operating limits, and recency rules.
Tentang dek ini
Prepare for the FAA Remote Pilot knowledge test and keep core Part 107 decisions fresh. These 286 independently written cards cover every current ACS knowledge area, moving from foundational rules into airspace, weather reports, aircraft loading and performance, airport awareness, emergencies, operations over people, Remote ID, aeronautical decision-making, maintenance, and recurrent knowledge.
The cards practice rule-to-action, cue-to-meaning, code-to-interpretation, and short scenario-to-decision recall. Most prompts isolate one fact or decision; a few compact sets cover material learners naturally recall together, such as phonetic-alphabet chunks and radio phraseology. Unhelpful reverse variants and chart-dependent problems are excluded. The deterministic sequence teaches prerequisites before dependent ideas, interleaves the five public groups, and separates confusing variants. Initial certification and recurrent training are treated as separate paths, with current requirements reviewed against official sources on August 25, 2026. FAA-S-ACS-10B remains the current indexed topic guide; the current UAG Applicant Information Bulletin governs test distribution.
License scope: “Common knowledge · CC0 1.0” applies only to this deck’s independently written prompts, answers, examples, organization, and metadata, to the extent rights exist. It does not claim ownership of facts, laws, FAA names or publications, third-party marks, or source material.
Independent and unofficial; not affiliated with, endorsed by, or produced by the FAA, DOT, PSI, or any testing provider. No FAA or competitor test questions, answer choices, commercial-deck text, charts, logos, or third-party media were copied. Regulatory definitions and rules were independently condensed and may retain legally necessary terminology. Verify current requirements with the FAA certification path, Remote Pilot ACS, current UAG Applicant Information Bulletin, FAA study guide, and 14 CFR Part 107.
Kad dalam dek ini
Kad 1
Soalan
When does 14 CFR Part 107 generally apply?
Jawapan
It generally applies to civil operations of small unmanned aircraft in the United States that are not conducted under another authority, such as the limited recreational exception.
Kad 2
Soalan
Who must receive the preflight operating briefing?
Jawapan
Everyone directly participating in the operation, including visual observers and people manipulating the controls. Cover conditions, roles, hazards, and normal and emergency procedures.
Kad 3
Soalan
What is controlled airspace?
Jawapan
Airspace of defined dimensions where ATC service is provided according to the airspace classification. For Part 107, authorization depends on the specific class and area.
Kad 4
Soalan
What is the basic difference between a weather observation and a forecast?
Jawapan
An observation reports conditions that exist now at a location; a forecast predicts conditions for a future period and area.
Kad 5
Soalan
What is a small unmanned aircraft under Part 107?
Jawapan
An unmanned aircraft weighing less than 55 pounds at takeoff, including everything on board or attached.
Kad 6
Soalan
What site conditions belong in a preflight assessment?
Jawapan
Weather, airspace, restrictions, people, moving vehicles, wildlife, structures, wires, launch and recovery areas, lighting, interference, and alternate landing areas.
Kad 7
Soalan
Does being below maximum takeoff weight guarantee a safe takeoff?
Jawapan
No. Elevation, temperature, humidity, wind, launch area, obstacles, battery condition, and aircraft limits may require a lower weight.
Kad 8
Soalan
What is the typical shape and purpose of Class B airspace?
Jawapan
Individually tailored layers around the nation's busiest airports, often resembling an upside-down wedding cake. Part 107 operations require prior authorization.
Kad 9
Soalan
What control-link checks belong before takeoff?
Jawapan
Verify pairing, command response, antenna and frequency setup, interference risk, lost-link behavior, range needs, and crew communication.
Kad 10
Soalan
What does a small unmanned aircraft system include?
Jawapan
The aircraft plus the communication links and components needed to control it safely and efficiently.
Kad 11
Soalan
What does a METAR report?
Jawapan
Current surface weather at an airport or reporting station in a standard coded format.
Kad 12
Soalan
When must a remote PIC be designated?
Jawapan
Before or during the flight. Every Part 107 operation must have a designated remote pilot in command.
Kad 13
Soalan
What power and attachment checks belong before takeoff?
Jawapan
Confirm adequate battery or fuel, secure installation, correct payload and guards, unobstructed sensors and moving parts, and the intended configuration.
Kad 14
Soalan
How does excess weight usually affect aircraft performance?
Jawapan
It reduces climb, ceiling, range, endurance, and maneuverability while increasing power demand and structural load.
Kad 15
Soalan
Who has final authority for a Part 107 operation?
Jawapan
The designated remote PIC. That person is directly responsible for the operation and must ensure it complies with applicable rules.
Kad 16
Soalan
What airport environment usually has Class C airspace?
Jawapan
An airport with an operating tower, radar approach control, and qualifying traffic volume. Part 107 operations require prior authorization.
Kad 17
Soalan
What makes crew communication effective?
Jawapan
Agreed roles, plain callouts, immediate hazard reports, acknowledgment of critical instructions, and a clear transfer-of-control procedure.
Kad 18
Soalan
What is a SPECI?
Jawapan
An unscheduled special surface-weather report issued when significant conditions change or other criteria are met.
Kad 19
Soalan
May a noncertificated person manipulate the controls?
Jawapan
Yes, under the direct supervision of a qualified remote PIC who can immediately take direct control.
Kad 20
Soalan
Does using a visual observer transfer remote-PIC responsibility?
Jawapan
No. The visual observer supports awareness, while the remote PIC remains responsible and must ensure effective coordination.
Kad 21
Soalan
What condition must the small UAS be in before flight?
Jawapan
A condition for safe operation. The remote PIC must inspect it before each flight and stop if a known condition would make the operation unsafe.
Kad 22
Soalan
What airport environment usually has Class D airspace?
Jawapan
Airspace around an airport with an operating control tower. Part 107 operations require prior authorization.
Kad 23
Soalan
What does a TAF provide?
Jawapan
A forecast for the area within roughly 5 statute miles of an airport during its stated valid period.
Kad 24
Soalan
How should a remote PIC build a current internet weather briefing?
Jawapan
Cross-check current observations, forecasts, hazard advisories, and graphical products for the operation's place and time. Use current FAA/NWS or Flight Service sources and check each product's issue and valid times.
Kad 25
Soalan
What is the remote PIC's role when automation flies the route?
Jawapan
Continuously monitor the aircraft, environment, control link, and automation mode, and remain ready to intervene before safety margins disappear.
Kad 26
Soalan
When must a crewmember decline a Part 107 role for medical reasons?
Jawapan
When a physical or mental condition would interfere with safe operation of the small UAS.
Kad 27
Soalan
Why must in-flight weight changes be planned?
Jawapan
Releasing payload or consuming fuel can improve some performance while shifting the center of gravity and changing control response.
Kad 28
Soalan
When does Class E airspace require Part 107 authorization?
Jawapan
When it is the surface area designated for an airport. Other Class E airspace does not generally require Part 107 authorization.
Kad 29
Soalan
What may the FAA inspect from a Part 107 operator?
Jawapan
The remote pilot certificate, identification, registration, required records, the small UAS, and information or tests needed to determine compliance.
Kad 30
Soalan
What should a lost-link plan decide before flight?
Jawapan
The aircraft's automatic action, route and altitude, timeout, recovery area, crew callouts, and point at which the flight will be terminated safely.
Kad 31
Soalan
What do ASOS and AWOS provide?
Jawapan
Automated surface weather observations. Their data are useful but still represent conditions at the sensor location.
Kad 32
Soalan
How must a remote PIC carry the certificate during an operation?
Jawapan
The remote pilot certificate and identification must be in the person's physical possession and readily accessible.
Kad 33
Soalan
What is the first priority during a flyaway?
Jawapan
Protect people and other aircraft: warn the crew, track the aircraft if possible, assess airspace and trajectory, and notify appropriate authorities when needed.
Kad 34
Soalan
What is Class G airspace?
Jawapan
Uncontrolled airspace from the surface to the base of overlying controlled airspace. Part 107 does not require ATC authorization solely because the operation is in Class G.
Kad 35
Soalan
Does a Part 107 drone at or below 0.55 pound need registration?
Jawapan
Yes. The weight-based registration exception applies only when the aircraft is flown exclusively under the limited recreational exception.
Kad 36
Soalan
What should a remote PIC do after unexpected GPS loss?
Jawapan
Use the aircraft's known non-GPS control mode or contingency procedure, stabilize or land promptly, and avoid relying on automation that needs valid position data.
Kad 37
Soalan
What is the center of gravity?
Jawapan
The point at which the aircraft's total weight can be considered concentrated.
Kad 38
Soalan
What does the four-letter group after METAR identify?
Jawapan
The reporting station's ICAO identifier, such as a K-prefixed identifier in the contiguous United States.
Kad 39
Soalan
How are aircraft registered for Part 107 operations?
Jawapan
Each aircraft is registered separately and receives its own registration number.
Kad 40
Soalan
What should be done with a swollen, damaged, or overheating lithium battery?
Jawapan
Do not fly or charge it. Isolate it safely and follow the manufacturer and hazardous-material handling guidance.
Kad 41
Soalan
Why is Class A not a normal Part 107 operating environment?
Jawapan
Class A begins at 18,000 feet MSL, far above ordinary Part 107 altitude limits.
Kad 42
Soalan
How long is a Part 48 registration certificate valid?
Jawapan
Three years. Renewal verification may occur at any time within the six months preceding the month in which the certificate expires.
Kad 43
Soalan
How is a METAR time group decoded?
Jawapan
The first two digits are the day of the month and the next four are UTC time; Z means Zulu, or UTC.
Kad 44
Soalan
What is the safest basic lithium-battery charging practice?
Jawapan
Use compatible equipment on a nonflammable surface, monitor the charge, control temperature, and keep a suitable response plan nearby.
Kad 45
Soalan
When must Part 48 registration information be updated or canceled?
Jawapan
Within 14 calendar days after an applicable change, destruction, transfer, export, or end of eligibility.
Kad 46
Soalan
What registration document must be available during a Part 107 flight?
Jawapan
The aircraft's FAA registration certificate, as a paper or digital copy. Anyone operating the drone must have it in their possession while flying.
Kad 47
Soalan
What moves an aircraft's center of gravity?
Jawapan
Changing where weight is placed, attached, shifted, or released.
Kad 48
Soalan
What is the NAS, and what is ATC’s role within it?
Jawapan
The National Airspace System integrates U.S. airspace, facilities, services, rules, and people. ATC promotes a safe, orderly traffic flow and helps prevent collisions, but it doesn't replace the remote PIC's Part 107 or see-and-avoid duties.
Kad 49
Soalan
What makes an emergency plan useful?
Jawapan
Specific triggers, immediate actions, crew callouts, safe landing areas, emergency contacts, and aircraft-specific procedures that the crew has reviewed before flight.
Kad 50
Soalan
How is a Class B boundary shown on a sectional chart?
Jawapan
With solid blue lines. The charted altitude figures define the shelves and limits.
Kad 51
Soalan
What is the first response to a lithium-battery fire?
Jawapan
Move people away, call emergency services as needed, follow the site and battery response plan, and use a suitable extinguisher only if trained. Damaged cells can reignite, so keep monitoring from a safe position.
Kad 52
Soalan
How must a Part 48 registration number appear on a drone?
Jawapan
Legibly displayed, affixed, and visible on an external surface of the aircraft.
Kad 53
Soalan
How is 22012KT decoded in a weather report?
Jawapan
Wind is from 220 degrees true at 12 knots.
Kad 54
Soalan
What recurring factors contribute to many small-UAS accidents?
Jawapan
Weak planning, loss of control, failure to detect or yield to other aircraft, and poor judgment or decision-making. Careful planning, continuous control, traffic scanning, and conservative decisions reduce those risks.
Kad 55
Soalan
Which drones must follow Remote ID operating rules?
Jawapan
Unmanned aircraft that are registered or required to be registered, unless a specific Part 89 exception or authorization applies.
Kad 56
Soalan
What is the Part 107 maximum groundspeed?
Jawapan
87 knots, which is 100 miles per hour.
Kad 57
Soalan
How is a Class C boundary shown on a sectional chart?
Jawapan
With solid magenta lines.
Kad 58
Soalan
What are the three ordinary ways to comply with Remote ID?
Jawapan
Operate a Standard Remote ID drone, use an FAA-compliant broadcast module, or fly a nonbroadcasting drone entirely within a FRIA under its conditions.
Kad 59
Soalan
What is the normal Part 107 altitude limit?
Jawapan
400 feet above ground level.
Kad 60
Soalan
What does 18010G18KT mean?
Jawapan
Wind from 180 degrees true at 10 knots, gusting to 18 knots.
Kad 61
Soalan
How should spare lithium batteries be transported safely?
Jawapan
Inspect them, protect the terminals from short circuit, and pack them against movement or damage. Don't transport a battery that is swollen, damaged, overheating, or subject to a safety recall unless it has been made safe under the applicable transport rules.
Kad 62
Soalan
What should a pilot do if the loaded CG is outside approved limits?
Jawapan
Do not fly. Relocate or remove weight until the aircraft remains within limits for the entire operation.
Kad 63
Soalan
What information does Standard Remote ID broadcast?
Jawapan
Aircraft identity; the drone's position, geometric altitude, and velocity; the control station's position and geometric altitude; a UTC time mark; and the aircraft's emergency status.
Kad 64
Soalan
How is a Class D boundary shown on a sectional chart?
Jawapan
With a dashed blue line.
Kad 65
Soalan
What altitude exception applies near a structure?
Jawapan
Within 400 feet horizontally of a structure, the drone may fly up to 400 feet above the structure's uppermost limit, subject to airspace and other rules.
Kad 66
Soalan
What are the basic Part 107 visibility and cloud clearances?
Jawapan
At least 3 statute miles of flight visibility from the control station, 500 feet below clouds, and 2,000 feet horizontally from clouds.
Kad 67
Soalan
What location replaces the control-station location in a broadcast-module message?
Jawapan
The aircraft's takeoff location and geometric altitude. The module also broadcasts its serial number and the aircraft's position, altitude, velocity, and time mark.
Kad 68
Soalan
What must visual line of sight let the crew determine?
Jawapan
The aircraft's location, attitude, altitude, direction, nearby traffic and hazards, and whether it remains safe to operate.
Kad 69
Soalan
How is a Class E surface area shown on a sectional chart?
Jawapan
With a dashed magenta line. A Part 107 operation inside its lateral boundary needs prior authorization.
Kad 70
Soalan
What does 2SM mean in a METAR?
Jawapan
Prevailing visibility is 2 statute miles, below Part 107's normal 3-statute-mile minimum.
Kad 71
Soalan
What must the person manipulating the controls do if Standard Remote ID or a broadcast module stops broadcasting in flight?
Jawapan
Land the aircraft as soon as practicable.
Kad 72
Soalan
Why can a payload mounted off center be hazardous?
Jawapan
It creates an unbalanced moment, increases control effort, and may leave too little control authority to resist wind or recover from a disturbance.
Kad 73
Soalan
May corrective lenses be used to maintain visual line of sight?
Jawapan
Yes. Vision must otherwise be unaided by devices such as binoculars.
Kad 74
Soalan
What extra operating limit comes with a Remote ID broadcast module?
Jawapan
The person manipulating the controls must be able to see the aircraft at all times throughout the operation.
Kad 75
Soalan
For METAR weather that accepts an intensity qualifier, what do
-,+, and no sign mean?Jawapan
-means light,+means heavy, and no sign means moderate. Apply that rule only to weather phenomena that use intensity qualifiers.Kad 76
Soalan
What communication must a visual observer maintain?
Jawapan
Effective communication with the remote PIC and the person manipulating the controls so traffic and hazards can be shared promptly.
Kad 77
Soalan
What does a shaded magenta Class E boundary usually indicate?
Jawapan
Class E begins at 700 feet AGL on the faded side of the boundary.
Kad 78
Soalan
What conditions apply to a non-Remote-ID flight in a FRIA?
Jawapan
Both the aircraft and the person manipulating the controls must remain within the FRIA boundaries, and that person must see the aircraft throughout the flight.
Kad 79
Soalan
How many drones may one person serve at once under Part 107?
Jawapan
One. A person may not manipulate controls, serve as remote PIC, or serve as visual observer for more than one operation at the same time.
Kad 80
Soalan
How do FEW, SCT, BKN, and OVC differ?
Jawapan
FEW is more than 0 through 2/8 sky cover; SCT is 3/8–4/8; BKN is 5/8–7/8; and OVC is 8/8.
Kad 81
Soalan
What can a weather chart or graphical product tell you—and what can't it?
Jawapan
It shows the broad location, movement, or forecast extent of weather. Its valid time, scale, symbols, and resolution limit it, so it doesn't replace current site-specific reports, forecasts, and advisories.
Kad 82
Soalan
What is aircraft stability?
Jawapan
The inherent tendency to resist a disturbance or return toward the original flight condition.
Kad 83
Soalan
What Remote ID detail belongs in a Part 107 registration record?
Jawapan
The serial number of the Standard Remote ID aircraft or the broadcast module used for that registered device.
Kad 84
Soalan
Which aircraft have right of way over a small UAS?
Jawapan
All aircraft, airborne vehicles, and launch or reentry vehicles. The small UAS must yield and must not create a collision hazard.
Kad 85
Soalan
What does a shaded blue Class E boundary usually indicate?
Jawapan
Class E begins at 1,200 feet AGL on the faded side of the boundary.
Kad 86
Soalan
Can ADS-B Out satisfy Remote ID?
Jawapan
No. Part 89 expressly rejects ADS-B Out as a means of Remote ID compliance.
Kad 87
Soalan
May a Part 107 small UAS carry hazardous material?
Jawapan
No. Part 107 prohibits carrying hazardous material as defined by federal hazardous-materials law.
Kad 88
Soalan
Which reported cloud layers form a ceiling?
Jawapan
The lowest broken or overcast layer, or vertical visibility into an obscuration. Few and scattered layers are not ceilings.
Kad 89
Soalan
Why must a remote pilot distinguish MSL from AGL?
Jawapan
MSL measures altitude from mean sea level, while AGL measures height above the local surface. Sectional airspace limits commonly use MSL; Part 107's normal height limit uses AGL.
Kad 90
Soalan
What conduct does Part 107 prohibit as hazardous operation?
Jawapan
Careless or reckless operation that endangers another person's life or property, and dropping an object in a way that creates an undue hazard.
Kad 91
Soalan
When may the FAA authorize a Remote ID deviation?
Jawapan
For an operation conducted solely for aeronautical research or to show compliance with regulations, or under another specific FAA authorization.
Kad 92
Soalan
Why can a small-UAS radio link fail even within visual range?
Jawapan
Shared-band interference, barriers, antenna orientation, distance, or terrain can weaken a line-of-sight RF link. Check the site and link before flight, stay within manufacturer limits, and follow the lost-link plan.
Kad 93
Soalan
What is CTAF?
Jawapan
The Common Traffic Advisory Frequency used for airport advisory practices at an airport without an operating control tower.
Kad 94
Soalan
What is maneuverability?
Jawapan
The aircraft's ability to change attitude or flightpath and withstand the loads created by those maneuvers.
Kad 95
Soalan
May a small UAS be operated from a moving aircraft?
Jawapan
No.
Kad 96
Soalan
How do UNICOM and MULTICOM differ?
Jawapan
UNICOM is a nongovernment air-ground station that may provide airport information; MULTICOM is a common self-announce frequency used where no tower, FSS, or UNICOM is available.
Kad 97
Soalan
Who may apply to establish a FRIA?
Jawapan
An FAA-recognized community-based organization or an educational institution. An individual pilot cannot establish one alone.
Kad 98
Soalan
How is BKN015 decoded?
Jawapan
A broken cloud layer with a base 1,500 feet AGL.
Kad 99
Soalan
How are sectional airspace altitudes commonly written?
Jawapan
In hundreds of feet MSL, with the ceiling above the floor. A floor marked SFC begins at the surface.
Kad 100
Soalan
When may a small UAS be operated from a moving land or water vehicle?
Jawapan
Only over a sparsely populated area, and not while transporting another person's property for compensation or hire.
Kad 101
Soalan
What does ATIS provide?
Jawapan
A repeating broadcast of current local weather and important noncontrol airport information, identified by a letter code that changes with updates.
Kad 102
Soalan
What does “November” followed by letters or numbers identify in a traffic call?
Jawapan
A U.S. civil aircraft registration used as its call sign. Decode the remaining characters with standard digits and the aviation phonetic alphabet.
Kad 103
Soalan
What must a foreign-registered drone obtain before U.S. Remote ID operations?
Jawapan
The operator must file the required Notice of Identification and receive an FAA Confirmation of Identification before operating in the United States.
Kad 104
Soalan
What alcohol limits apply to a Part 107 crewmember?
Jawapan
No duty within 8 hours after drinking, while under the influence, or with a blood alcohol concentration of 0.04 percent or more.
Kad 105
Soalan
How is M02/M05 decoded?
Jawapan
Temperature minus 2 degrees Celsius and dew point minus 5 degrees Celsius.
Kad 106
Soalan
Must a Part 107 pilot routinely transmit on aviation radio near an airport?
Jawapan
No. Monitoring the correct frequency can improve awareness, but it does not replace visual vigilance or create a general transmission requirement.
Kad 107
Soalan
What are A–I in the aviation phonetic alphabet?
Jawapan
Alfa, Bravo, Charlie, Delta, Echo, Foxtrot, Golf, Hotel, India.
Kad 108
Soalan
What extra §107.29 conditions apply in ordinary daylight?
Jawapan
None solely because it is daylight. The night-knowledge and three-statute-mile anti-collision-light conditions in §107.29 do not apply, but every other applicable Part 107 requirement still does.
Kad 109
Soalan
What does a blue versus magenta airport symbol usually tell you?
Jawapan
Blue generally identifies an airport with an operating control tower; magenta generally identifies a nontowered airport.
Kad 110
Soalan
What Remote ID label should an operator verify?
Jawapan
A Standard Remote ID aircraft or broadcast module must carry the producer's legible, prominent, permanently affixed English label stating that it meets Part 89.
Kad 111
Soalan
Does ordinary license-free drone-control equipment need an individual FCC operator license?
Jawapan
No, provided FCC-authorized equipment is used within the conditions of its license-free radio service. Equipment authorization applies to the device; other frequencies or radio services may require an individual operator or station license.
Kad 112
Soalan
May a crewmember use a drug that impairs safe operation?
Jawapan
No. A person may not participate while using a drug that affects their faculties contrary to safety.
Kad 113
Soalan
What is Local Airport Advisory service?
Jawapan
It is an FSS advisory service available only in Alaska, within 10 statute miles of an airport where the tower isn't operating and an FSS is located on the airport. Check the current Alaska Chart Supplement for availability.
Kad 114
Soalan
What is controllability?
Jawapan
The aircraft's ability to respond to control inputs, regardless of how inherently stable it is.
Kad 115
Soalan
What knowledge prerequisite applies to Part 107 night operations?
Jawapan
The remote PIC must have completed an initial knowledge test or training, as applicable under §107.65, after April 6, 2021. Applicable training may be initial Part 61 training or recurrent training.
Kad 116
Soalan
How is A2992 decoded in a METAR?
Jawapan
An altimeter setting of 29.92 inches of mercury.
Kad 117
Soalan
How should a remote pilot treat a towered airport when its control tower is closed?
Jawapan
Treat it as an airport without an operating tower: check the published CTAF and procedures, monitor traffic, and rely on see-and-avoid rather than tower control.
Kad 118
Soalan
What does a crewed-aircraft self-announcement normally communicate?
Jawapan
The aircraft identity, airport, position, altitude when useful, and intentions. Use that information to project the traffic path; Part 107 doesn't create a routine transmit requirement.
Kad 119
Soalan
What is a prohibited area?
Jawapan
Airspace where flight is prohibited for security or national-welfare reasons unless the responsible agency authorizes it.
Kad 120
Soalan
What lighting is required for a Part 107 night flight?
Jawapan
Anti-collision lighting visible for at least 3 statute miles, with a flash rate sufficient to avoid a collision.
Kad 121
Soalan
What relationship holds in steady, level flight?
Jawapan
Lift equals weight. If available lift becomes insufficient for the weight and conditions, altitude cannot be maintained.
Kad 122
Soalan
What Remote ID check is required before takeoff with a broadcast module?
Jawapan
The person manipulating the controls must ensure the module is functioning as required by Part 89 before takeoff.
Kad 123
Soalan
Why should a remote pilot understand the traffic pattern?
Jawapan
It predicts where crewed aircraft are likely to climb, descend, turn, and approach, helping the small UAS remain clear.
Kad 124
Soalan
What are J–R in the aviation phonetic alphabet?
Jawapan
Juliett, Kilo, Lima, Mike, November, Oscar, Papa, Quebec, Romeo.
Kad 125
Soalan
What certificate consequences can follow prohibited drug or alcohol conduct?
Jawapan
The FAA may deny an application for up to one year or suspend or revoke a certificate. Refusing a qualifying alcohol test or refusing to release requested results can trigger the same consequences.
Kad 126
Soalan
What does RMK introduce in a METAR?
Jawapan
The remarks section, which can add sensor, pressure, lightning, visibility, and other details.
Kad 127
Soalan
May anti-collision lighting be dimmed at night?
Jawapan
Its intensity may be reduced when necessary for safety, but it may not be extinguished during the operation.
Kad 128
Soalan
What is a restricted area?
Jawapan
Airspace containing unusual, often invisible hazards such as artillery or missile activity. A Part 107 operation requires permission from the using or controlling agency, as applicable.
Kad 129
Soalan
Which sources provide current airport operating data?
Jawapan
The sectional chart, Chart Supplement, current NOTAMs, and local broadcasts such as ATIS, ASOS, or AWOS.
Kad 130
Soalan
Why do heliports and seaplane bases need separate traffic awareness?
Jawapan
Their traffic may use water, pads, or routes that don't match a runway pattern. Identify the facility on current charts and airport data, then watch for low or unexpected arrivals and departures.
Kad 131
Soalan
What is a warning area?
Jawapan
Airspace extending from 3 nautical miles outward from the U.S. coast that warns of potentially hazardous activity where the United States lacks sole jurisdiction.
Kad 132
Soalan
What is civil twilight for Part 107 outside Alaska?
Jawapan
The 30 minutes before official sunrise and the 30 minutes after official sunset. During civil twilight, the aircraft must have an anti-collision light visible for at least 3 statute miles with a flash rate sufficient to avoid collision; its intensity may be reduced, but not extinguished, when safety requires.
Kad 133
Soalan
How is a runway number derived?
Jawapan
From the runway's magnetic direction rounded to the nearest 10 degrees, with the final zero omitted.
Kad 134
Soalan
How far may a remote PIC deviate during an in-flight emergency?
Jawapan
Only as far as necessary to address that emergency.
Kad 135
Soalan
How is the TAF valid period 2512/2618 decoded?
Jawapan
From 1200 UTC on the 25th until 1800 UTC on the 26th.
Kad 136
Soalan
When is an emergency-deviation report required?
Jawapan
Only when the FAA requests one. The remote PIC must then provide a written report.
Kad 137
Soalan
What do hold-position markings protect?
Jawapan
They mark a boundary that aircraft and vehicles must not cross without the required clearance or authorization, protecting an active runway or other controlled surface.
Kad 138
Soalan
What are S–Z in the aviation phonetic alphabet?
Jawapan
Sierra, Tango, Uniform, Victor, Whiskey, Xray, Yankee, Zulu.
Kad 139
Soalan
What is load factor?
Jawapan
The ratio of the aerodynamic load supported by the aircraft to its weight, expressed in Gs.
Kad 140
Soalan
What should a remote pilot get from the current Chart Supplement?
Jawapan
Airport and runway details, lighting, communications, weather sources, notices, procedures, and other data that aren't readily shown graphically. The FAA issues the Chart Supplement every 56 days, so use the current edition.
Kad 141
Soalan
Which Part 107 accidents require an FAA report?
Jawapan
Within 10 calendar days, report an operation causing serious injury or loss of consciousness, or qualifying damage to property other than the drone above the $500 threshold.
Kad 142
Soalan
What is the purpose of a military operations area?
Jawapan
To separate specified military training activity from IFR traffic. Other pilots should check its status and exercise extreme caution.
Kad 143
Soalan
How do hazard and risk differ?
Jawapan
A hazard is a condition that can cause harm; risk is the assessed likelihood and severity of that harm in the planned operation.
286 kad
FAA Part 107 Flashcards: Remote Pilot Knowledge Test Review
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Kad 144
Soalan
How can a remote pilot obtain a current established NOTAM?
Jawapan
Use FAA NOTAM Search or request it through Flight Service's current online or telephone briefing channels. Confirm the location, effective period, and any later change before flight.
Kad 145
Soalan
What does SIDA mean at an airport?
Jawapan
Security Identification Display Area—a limited-access area that requires authorization and proper displayed identification. Don't enter if you aren't authorized; ask the airport authority when the boundary is unclear.
Kad 146
Soalan
What does FM mark in a TAF?
Jawapan
A rapid, lasting change beginning at the stated time, after which the new forecast conditions apply.
Kad 147
Soalan
Which controlled airspace needs prior Part 107 authorization?
Jawapan
Class B, C, and D airspace, plus the lateral boundaries of Class E surface areas designated for an airport.
Kad 148
Soalan
What does PAVE organize?
Jawapan
Preflight risk into Pilot, Aircraft, enVironment, and External pressures.
Kad 149
Soalan
What load factor occurs in a coordinated 60-degree level turn?
Jawapan
2 G. The aircraft must produce lift equal to twice its weight to hold altitude.
Kad 150
Soalan
What rule applies near any airport without controlled-airspace authorization requirements?
Jawapan
The operation still may not interfere with airport traffic patterns or operations.
Kad 151
Soalan
How does traffic awareness differ with an operating tower versus a closed or nontowered airport?
Jawapan
With an operating tower, monitor its published frequency and use the traffic picture it provides. When the tower is closed or absent, use the published CTAF and nontowered procedures. Monitoring never authorizes the UAS or replaces visual vigilance and other Part 107 duties.
Kad 152
Soalan
What does an alert area signal?
Jawapan
A high volume of pilot training or unusual aerial activity. All pilots remain responsible for collision avoidance.
Kad 153
Soalan
What does IMSAFE check?
Jawapan
Personal fitness through Illness, Medication, Stress, Alcohol, Fatigue, and Emotion.
Kad 154
Soalan
How do TEMPO and PROB30 differ in a TAF?
Jawapan
TEMPO describes temporary fluctuations during a period; PROB30 gives a 30 percent probability of specified conditions during its period.
Kad 155
Soalan
What is needed to enter prohibited or restricted airspace?
Jawapan
Permission from the using or controlling agency, as applicable, in addition to compliance with other requirements.
Kad 156
Soalan
How are altitude, direction, speed, and time normally spoken on aviation radio?
Jawapan
Use distinct digits and the standard label: 12,500 is “one two thousand five hundred”; heading 270 is “heading two seven zero”; 15 knots is “one five knots”; 0930 UTC is “zero niner three zero Zulu.”
Kad 157
Soalan
What are the three steps of the 3P model?
Jawapan
Perceive hazards, Process their effect on safety, and Perform the best risk control. Repeat as conditions change.
Kad 158
Soalan
What must a remote PIC do about a temporary flight restriction?
Jawapan
Check current NOTAMs before flight and comply with the TFR unless specifically authorized otherwise.
Kad 159
Soalan
For §107.9 reporting, what counts as a serious injury?
Jawapan
An injury at Abbreviated Injury Scale Level 3 or higher. Loss of consciousness remains a separate reporting trigger even without that injury classification.
Kad 160
Soalan
Why is a controlled firing area not charted?
Jawapan
Its hazardous activity must stop when a spotter, radar, or lookout detects an approaching aircraft, so nonparticipating aircraft need not reroute around it.
Kad 161
Soalan
What are the legs and normal turn direction of a standard airport traffic pattern?
Jawapan
Departure, upwind, crosswind, downwind, base, and final approach are distinct components; upwind is not another name for departure. Standard traffic uses left turns unless airport markings or current publications specify otherwise.
Kad 162
Soalan
What does a Convective SIGMET warn about?
Jawapan
Significant convective hazards such as severe, embedded, or organized thunderstorms, including qualifying hail, wind, or tornado risk.
Kad 163
Soalan
How do CARE and TEAM support a risk decision?
Jawapan
CARE processes Consequences, Alternatives, Reality, and External factors; TEAM chooses to Transfer, Eliminate, Accept, or Mitigate the risk.
Kad 164
Soalan
What must preflight familiarization cover?
Jawapan
Local weather, airspace and restrictions, people and property, ground hazards, crew roles, control links, power, attachments, and the aircraft's condition.
Kad 165
Soalan
What night-lighting check belongs in the preflight inspection?
Jawapan
Verify that the required anti-collision light works, is positioned and rated to remain visible for at least 3 statute miles, and has enough power for the planned flight and landing.
Kad 166
Soalan
How does increased load factor affect fixed-wing stall speed?
Jawapan
Stall speed rises with the square root of load factor, so steep or abrupt maneuvers can cause a stall at a higher airspeed.
Kad 167
Soalan
What does an MTR identifier reveal?
Jawapan
IR denotes an IFR route, and VR denotes a VFR route. Four digits mean no route segment is above 1,500 feet AGL, while three digits mean at least one segment is above 1,500 feet AGL; a trailing letter may identify an alternate route. Expect fast, low-altitude military traffic.
Kad 168
Soalan
What extra limits apply when transporting property for compensation under Part 107?
Jawapan
The transport must stay wholly within one State, territory, or U.S. possession, or within the District of Columbia. It must also remain within visual line of sight, use no moving vehicle, and keep the aircraft plus property under 55 pounds.
Kad 169
Soalan
What is crew resource management?
Jawapan
The effective use of people, equipment, and information to coordinate the operation and make safer decisions.
Kad 170
Soalan
What is density altitude?
Jawapan
Pressure altitude corrected for nonstandard temperature. Operationally, it describes the air density the aircraft performs as though it were experiencing.
Kad 171
Soalan
May a Part 107 drone transmit with a transponder?
Jawapan
Not unless the FAA authorizes or directs its use.
Kad 172
Soalan
How is a temporary flight restriction established?
Jawapan
Through an FDC NOTAM that states the location, effective time, dimensions, altitudes, reason, and coordinating facility.
Kad 173
Soalan
What should a remote pilot do about birds or other wildlife near the route?
Jawapan
Avoid known concentrations and migration activity, then divert or land before a conflict develops. Report any wildlife strike through the FAA Wildlife Strike Database or Form 5200-7.
Kad 174
Soalan
What is situational awareness?
Jawapan
An accurate understanding of the aircraft, crew, environment, mission, and how those conditions are likely to change.
Kad 175
Soalan
What colors normally distinguish runway and taxiway markings?
Jawapan
Runway markings are white; taxiway markings are yellow. Holding-position markings are also yellow, even when placed on a runway.
Kad 176
Soalan
How does high density altitude affect a small UAS?
Jawapan
Thinner air reduces propeller, wing, and cooling performance, often lowering payload, climb rate, and endurance.
Kad 177
Soalan
What is single-pilot resource management?
Jawapan
Managing every available resource before and during flight so one pilot can maintain awareness, control workload, assess risk, and decide well.
Kad 178
Soalan
Which conditions raise density altitude?
Jawapan
Higher elevation or lower pressure, higher temperature, and higher humidity.
Kad 179
Soalan
What is the minimum age for a remote pilot certificate?
Jawapan
- The applicant normally must also read, speak, write, and understand English and have no disqualifying physical or mental condition. If a medical reason prevents meeting an English requirement, the FAA may place operating limitations on the certificate.
Kad 180
Soalan
What is an early sign of task saturation?
Jawapan
Working harder while accomplishing less, missing inputs, or fixating on one item. Stop, slow down, prioritize, and reduce workload.
Kad 181
Soalan
May ADS-B Out be transmitted during a Part 107 operation?
Jawapan
Not unless the FAA authorizes or directs it. ADS-B Out is also not a substitute for Remote ID.
Kad 182
Soalan
Where should a pilot look for frequent parachute-jump activity?
Jawapan
The sectional chart and current Chart Supplement, then current NOTAMs for time-sensitive activity.
Kad 183
Soalan
Why should a small UAS never fly beneath an unmanned free balloon?
Jawapan
Its payload suspension or trailing antenna may be hard to see and extend below the balloon. Stay well clear rather than passing underneath.
Kad 184
Soalan
What personal equipment should a remote pilot prepare for night operations?
Jawapan
Keep a reliable dimmable white or red flashlight, fresh or spare batteries, and needed charts and checklists accessible. This is an operator-equipment recommendation, separate from the aircraft-lighting rule in §107.29.
Kad 185
Soalan
Why does high humidity reduce aircraft performance?
Jawapan
Moist air is less dense than dry air, so the propellers or wings produce less force under otherwise equal conditions.
Kad 186
Soalan
Why are external pressures dangerous?
Jawapan
Schedule, client, money, or pride can make a pilot discount weather, condition, or skill limits. A preplanned cancellation rule protects the decision.
Kad 187
Soalan
May someone take the initial Part 107 knowledge test before age 16?
Jawapan
Yes, at age 14 or older. Certificate eligibility still begins at age 16.
Kad 188
Soalan
What is the usual first-time certification path without a qualifying Part 61 certificate?
Jawapan
Pass the initial Unmanned Aircraft General—Small knowledge test, then complete the FAA application and vetting process.
Kad 189
Soalan
Why can high temperature shorten a battery-powered flight?
Jawapan
The aircraft may need more power in less-dense air while the battery and electronics face greater thermal stress.
Kad 190
Soalan
How should the anti-authority attitude be countered?
Jawapan
Pause and follow the applicable rule or procedure; do not dismiss it merely because someone else imposed it.
Kad 191
Soalan
What is a TRSA?
Jawapan
A Terminal Radar Service Area where participating pilots may receive additional radar services. Participation is voluntary, and the underlying airspace classes still control Part 107 authorization.
Kad 192
Soalan
What do common airport beacon colors identify?
Jawapan
A white-and-green beacon identifies a lighted land airport; a white-and-yellow beacon identifies a lighted water airport or seaplane base; and a green-yellow-white beacon identifies a lighted heliport.
Kad 193
Soalan
What alternative initial path is available to a qualifying Part 61 pilot?
Jawapan
With a current Part 61 certificate and a flight review within the preceding 24 calendar months, complete the FAA initial online course and identity-validation process.
Kad 194
Soalan
What can a rapidly falling barometric pressure signal?
Jawapan
Approaching poor weather or a developing storm system. It is a trend to investigate, not a go/no-go answer by itself.
Kad 195
Soalan
How should impulsivity be countered?
Jawapan
Slow down long enough to identify the hazard, options, and safest next action.
Kad 196
Soalan
What is a National Security Area?
Jawapan
Airspace where pilots are asked to avoid flight to protect sensitive ground facilities; a NOTAM may temporarily make avoidance mandatory.
Kad 197
Soalan
What should a remote pilot extract from tower transmissions?
Jawapan
Identify the aircraft, its position or runway, direction, altitude when stated, and the controller's instruction or the pilot's intention. Use that traffic picture to remain clear; monitoring does not authorize the UAS or replace visual vigilance.
Kad 198
Soalan
How recent must Part 107 aeronautical knowledge be?
Jawapan
The remote pilot must have completed an accepted initial or recurrent path within the preceding 24 calendar months.
Kad 199
Soalan
How does a strong headwind affect the return leg?
Jawapan
It lowers groundspeed and increases the time and energy needed to return. Plan reserve for the worst expected leg, not the easy outbound leg.
Kad 200
Soalan
How should invulnerability be countered?
Jawapan
Treat the hazard as personally relevant: the same failure can happen on this flight.
Kad 201
Soalan
How do stable and unstable air usually differ?
Jawapan
Stable air favors smooth conditions, stratiform clouds, haze, and steady precipitation; unstable air favors turbulence, vertical clouds, and showery precipitation.
Kad 202
Soalan
Which current FAA recurrent courses serve Part 107 pilots?
Jawapan
ALC-677 is available to Part 107 certificate holders generally; ALC-515 is the recurrent path for a qualifying current Part 61 pilot with a current flight review.
Kad 203
Soalan
What is a published VFR route?
Jawapan
A charted route for moving around, under, or through complex airspace. It does not by itself authorize a Part 107 operation.
Kad 204
Soalan
What do red, green, and white position lights reveal about a crewed aircraft?
Jawapan
Red marks its left side, green its right side, and white its tail. Use the pattern to judge direction; red on your right and green on your left can indicate that the aircraft is coming toward you.
Kad 205
Soalan
How should a macho attitude be countered?
Jawapan
Reject the need to prove skill by taking risk; conservative choices demonstrate sound command.
Kad 206
Soalan
What is a temperature inversion?
Jawapan
A layer where temperature increases with altitude. It is stable and can trap fog, haze, smoke, and pollutants near the surface.
Kad 207
Soalan
How long can full dark adaptation take?
Jawapan
About 30 minutes in darkness. Bright light can undo it within seconds, so protect night vision before and during the operation.
Kad 208
Soalan
Does a current remote pilot retake the UAG test for routine recency?
Jawapan
No. Current FAA recurrent training is completed online; the old recurrent knowledge-test model is obsolete.
Kad 209
Soalan
What counts toward the 55-pound small-UA limit?
Jawapan
The aircraft and everything on board or attached at takeoff, including payload, guards, lights, and a Remote ID module.
Kad 210
Soalan
How soon may an applicant retake a failed Part 107 knowledge test?
Jawapan
After 14 calendar days.
Kad 211
Soalan
How do source regions shape an air mass?
Jawapan
The source region sets the air mass's basic temperature and moisture: continental air is dry, maritime air is moist, polar air is cold, and tropical air is warm.
Kad 212
Soalan
How should resignation be countered?
Jawapan
Identify the actions and resources still available; the pilot can change the outcome.
Kad 213
Soalan
What happens 30 days after a permanent mailing-address change?
Jawapan
The remote pilot may no longer exercise certificate privileges until the FAA has been notified of the new address.
Kad 214
Soalan
How can dehydration or heat stress affect a remote pilot?
Jawapan
It can cause headache, cramps, dizziness, fatigue, poor concentration, and eventually collapse. Hydrate, cool down, and stop before judgment degrades.
Kad 215
Soalan
Why must NOTAMs be checked even with a current sectional?
Jawapan
They carry time-critical changes such as TFRs, closures, outages, hazards, and procedures that may not appear on the chart.
Kad 216
Soalan
How can precipitation static affect a small UAS?
Jawapan
Charge from rain, snow, fog, dust, or similar particles can interfere with radios, sensors, or the control link. Avoid the condition and follow the aircraft's limits rather than relying on recovery after interference starts.
Kad 217
Soalan
How long may a temporary remote pilot certificate remain effective?
Jawapan
Up to 120 calendar days. It ends sooner at the earliest of its printed expiration date, receipt of the permanent certificate, or receipt of notice that the sought certificate is denied or revoked.
Kad 218
Soalan
What can follow cheating on a Part 107 knowledge test?
Jawapan
For one year, the person is prohibited from applying for any FAA certificate, rating, or authorization and from applying for or taking any FAA test. A held certificate or rating may also be suspended or revoked.
Kad 219
Soalan
How can operational stress affect a remote pilot?
Jawapan
It can narrow attention, cause fixation or haste, and degrade judgment. Reduce workload, pause and reassess, or delay or cancel the flight when stress compromises safe decisions.
Kad 220
Soalan
What do basic runway and taxiway light colors mean?
Jawapan
Runway edge lights are normally white and taxiway edge lights blue. Threshold lights show green toward an arriving aircraft, while runway-end lights show red toward the runway.
Kad 221
Soalan
What should a pilot do when hyperventilating?
Jawapan
Recognize the rapid breathing, consciously slow the breathing rate, speak or breathe deliberately, and stop the operation if normal function does not return.
Kad 222
Soalan
What should a night-flight contingency plan decide?
Jawapan
How to stop or land safely after loss of required lighting, visual orientation, control link, or a safe view of traffic and obstacles. Preselect a suitable recovery area and brief the trigger for ending the flight.
Kad 223
Soalan
What does a narrowing temperature–dew point spread suggest?
Jawapan
Air is approaching saturation, increasing the chance of fog, low clouds, dew, or precipitation.
Kad 224
Soalan
Does a remote pilot certificate itself expire?
Jawapan
No, but its privileges require current aeronautical knowledge within the preceding 24 calendar months.
Kad 225
Soalan
How do mandatory-instruction and location signs differ?
Jawapan
Mandatory-instruction signs have a red background with a white inscription. Location signs have a black background with a yellow inscription and border.
Kad 226
Soalan
What is LAANC used for?
Jawapan
It is an FAA system for requesting near-real-time Part 107 airspace authorization at participating facilities, subject to the published altitude grid and operating conditions.
Kad 227
Soalan
How should a new medication be handled before flight?
Jawapan
Do not assume over-the-counter means safe. Check the condition and medication effects, allow time to identify side effects, and avoid flying if judgment or alertness may be impaired.
Kad 228
Soalan
What must a Part 107 waiver applicant demonstrate?
Jawapan
That the proposed operation can be conducted safely under the waiver's terms and conditions.
Kad 229
Soalan
How can fog form near the surface?
Jawapan
When air cools to its dew point, moisture is added, or moist air moves over a colder surface. Light wind can help mix a shallow layer; strong wind may lift it into low stratus.
Kad 230
Soalan
What must be checked after attaching a payload?
Jawapan
Total weight, center of gravity, security of attachment, control response, power demand, clearances, and any category or manufacturer limits.
Kad 231
Soalan
Why can fatigue be hard to self-detect?
Jawapan
It reduces attention, coordination, communication, and judgment while also weakening the person's ability to recognize that decline.
Kad 232
Soalan
What do common obstruction-lighting systems look like at night?
Jawapan
Aviation-red systems show red lights at night. Flashing-white systems use white lights, with reduced night intensity where applicable. Dual systems use white lights by day and red lights at night.
Kad 233
Soalan
Does a Part 107 waiver suspend every operating rule?
Jawapan
No. It applies only to the specifically waived sections and remains subject to all listed conditions and limitations.
Kad 234
Soalan
Does an airspace authorization waive other Part 107 rules?
Jawapan
No. It permits the specified controlled-airspace operation but does not waive altitude, VLOS, weather, TFR, airport-interference, or other requirements.
Kad 235
Soalan
How should a Part 107 crew handle laser activity or illumination?
Jawapan
Avoid known or NOTAMed laser activity. If the remote pilot or control station is illuminated, look away, protect vision, and land or terminate if vision or control is affected. If you witness a laser illuminate any aircraft, record useful details and report the incident through the applicable FAA channel.
Kad 236
Soalan
How should a pilot scan for traffic and obstacles?
Jawapan
Use short, overlapping visual sectors with brief pauses instead of one continuous sweep, and move the scan between near and far areas.
Kad 237
Soalan
How should a remote pilot look for a dim object at night?
Jawapan
Look about 5° to 10° to one side instead of staring straight at it. Off-center viewing puts the image on rod-rich retina outside the central night blind spot.
Kad 238
Soalan
What is prohibited regarding Part 107 certificates, records, and reports?
Jawapan
Fraudulent or intentionally false statements, reproduction for a fraudulent purpose, and alteration.
Kad 239
Soalan
What kinds of Part 107 rules may an FAA waiver address?
Jawapan
Only the rules listed in §107.205: moving operations; night or civil-twilight anti-collision lighting; VLOS, visual-observer, and one-aircraft limits; yielding and flight over people or moving vehicles; controlled-airspace authorization; and §107.51 operating limits. Moving-operation and VLOS waivers can't authorize compensated carriage of another person's property.
Kad 240
Soalan
When may a drone fly over a person without using Category 1–4?
Jawapan
When the person directly participates in the operation, or is under a covered structure or inside a stationary vehicle that provides reasonable protection from a falling drone.
Kad 241
Soalan
What changes should be expected near a front?
Jawapan
Temperature, wind, moisture, clouds, and precipitation can change quickly across the boundary between air masses.
Kad 242
Soalan
What is the first concern when operating near an airport traffic pattern?
Jawapan
Avoid interfering with crewed-aircraft operations and maintain awareness of arrivals, departures, and the published traffic pattern.
Kad 243
Soalan
Does an older manufacture date automatically bar a drone from Part 107 use?
Jawapan
No. It may operate if it meets all current requirements that apply to the operation, including registration, Remote ID, condition, and any operations-over-people category.
Kad 244
Soalan
What is autokinesis?
Jawapan
A stationary light can appear to move when stared at against a dark background. Shift the gaze and use other references instead of fixating.
Kad 245
Soalan
Does Part 107 set one universal stand-off distance from people?
Jawapan
No. The remote PIC selects and adjusts a safe distance from the aircraft's path, speed, maneuverability, environment, people, likely failures, and emergency landing options.
Kad 246
Soalan
Why is a battery reserve part of performance planning?
Jawapan
Wind, temperature, maneuvering, holding, and an alternate landing area can consume more energy than the nominal mission estimate.
Kad 247
Soalan
What makes a microburst dangerous near the surface?
Jawapan
It is an intense, localized downdraft that spreads outward at the surface, producing rapid vertical and horizontal wind shear with little low-altitude recovery margin.
Kad 248
Soalan
What makes a drone eligible for Category 1 operations over people?
Jawapan
It must weigh 0.55 pound or less throughout the operation, including attachments, and have no exposed rotating parts that would lacerate human skin.
Kad 249
Soalan
How do buildings and terrain affect low-level wind?
Jawapan
They can create gusts, rotors, downdrafts, and turbulence downwind. The stronger the wind and larger the obstacle, the greater the hazard.
Kad 250
Soalan
Why should a small UAS stay clear of smoke-stack and cooling-tower plumes?
Jawapan
Visible or invisible hot exhaust can create turbulence, vertical shear, reduced visibility, contamination, and icing. Stay clear—preferably upwind—because the plume's extent is hard to predict.
Kad 251
Soalan
What is a false-horizon illusion?
Jawapan
Sloping clouds, terrain, or lights can be mistaken for the true horizon, leading to an incorrect attitude judgment.
Kad 252
Soalan
What should an operations-over-people contingency plan decide?
Jawapan
When to stop, divert, or land away from people after lost link, component failure, an eligibility-changing configuration issue, or unexpected crowd movement—and who will call and execute that action.
Kad 253
Soalan
From where is Part 107 flight visibility measured?
Jawapan
From the location of the control station, not from a nearby airport weather sensor.
Kad 254
Soalan
What injury threshold defines Category 2 eligibility?
Jawapan
The aircraft must not cause injury equivalent to or greater than the severity caused by transferring 11 foot-pounds of kinetic energy upon impact from a rigid object. It must also meet the rule's rotating-part and safety-defect requirements.
Kad 255
Soalan
What is the baseline source for small-UAS maintenance?
Jawapan
The current manufacturer or builder instructions, supplemented by the operator's inspection and maintenance program for the actual use and environment.
Kad 256
Soalan
Why is low-level wind shear dangerous to a small UAS?
Jawapan
A rapid change in wind speed or direction can abruptly change airspeed, lift, attitude, and ground track close to obstacles or terrain.
Kad 257
Soalan
Why are guy wires a serious low-altitude hazard?
Jawapan
They can extend far from a tower and remain nearly invisible even in good weather. Give towers and their support systems wide clearance.
Kad 258
Soalan
What injury threshold defines Category 3 eligibility?
Jawapan
The aircraft must not cause injury equivalent to or greater than the severity caused by transferring 25 foot-pounds of kinetic energy upon impact from a rigid object. It must also meet the rule's rotating-part and safety-defect requirements.
Kad 259
Soalan
Which data controls an aircraft's exact loading limits?
Jawapan
The current manufacturer or builder operating instructions and limitations for that aircraft and configuration.
Kad 260
Soalan
Who may perform maintenance on a Part 107 small UAS?
Jawapan
Part 107 generally doesn't require an FAA mechanic certificate. Follow manufacturer-required personnel or use someone with suitable expertise; Category 4 separately requires the person to have the knowledge, skill, and appropriate equipment under §107.140(c).
Kad 261
Soalan
What makes a tornado a no-go hazard for a small UAS?
Jawapan
It combines extreme, rapidly changing winds, violent vertical motion, debris, and an unpredictable path. Stay well clear of any tornado or tornado-producing storm; don't try to observe it from the air.
Kad 262
Soalan
What is the core requirement for Category 4 operations over people?
Jawapan
The aircraft must have an FAA airworthiness certificate and be operated and maintained under its approved operating limitations.
Kad 263
Soalan
What should Category 2 or 3 remote-pilot operating instructions tell the pilot?
Jawapan
They should describe the system and its limitations; eligible categories and required components; allowed modifications; and how to verify or change the applicable configuration or operating mode.
Kad 264
Soalan
Why can an unlighted structure be more hazardous at night?
Jawapan
Its silhouette and support wires may disappear against the background. Chart review, site inspection, lighting checks, and conservative separation become more important.
Kad 265
Soalan
Why is hail a no-go hazard for a small UAS?
Jawapan
It can damage propellers, rotors, sensors, antennas, batteries, and the airframe, while nearby convective turbulence and downdrafts can overwhelm control. Avoid any storm producing or forecast to produce hail.
Kad 266
Soalan
What performance check follows a repair or configuration change?
Jawapan
Verify weight, balance, control response, power, links, sensors, and expected endurance in a safe environment before returning to the planned mission.
Kad 267
Soalan
When may a Category 2 or 3 drone carry an optional component or payload?
Jawapan
Only when the remote pilot operating instructions allow that component, payload, or modification for the declared configuration. It must remain securely attached and within every listed limitation.
Kad 268
Soalan
What is the Part 107 response to an emergency airborne inspection of another aircraft?
Jawapan
Stay clear and yield; don't improvise a close pass. Proximity, wake or downwash, stress, communications, separation, and escape-path risks can endanger both aircraft.
Kad 269
Soalan
Why should a small UAS avoid lightning activity?
Jawapan
A strike or nearby electrical discharge can damage electronics, interrupt navigation or control links, and injure people on the ground. Stay clear of thunderstorms and land or delay when lightning threatens the operating area.
Kad 270
Soalan
For Part 107 Category 1, 2, or 4 sustained flight over an open-air assembly, which Remote ID methods qualify, and what is the Category 3 rule?
Jawapan
Use either a Standard Remote ID aircraft that meets §89.110 or a broadcast-module operation that meets §89.115(a). A nonbroadcast FRIA operation under §89.115(b) does not qualify, and Category 3 operations over an open-air assembly are prohibited.
Kad 271
Soalan
How do an operations-over-people MOC and DOC differ?
Jawapan
An MOC is the FAA-accepted test, analysis, or inspection method. A DOC identifies that MOC and attests that the declared aircraft or configuration meets the applicable Category 2 or 3 and safety-defect requirements.
Kad 272
Soalan
Why must frost or structural icing be removed before flight?
Jawapan
It disrupts airflow, reduces lift, adds weight, increases drag, and can degrade propeller or control-surface performance.
Kad 273
Soalan
What hazards peak in a mature thunderstorm?
Jawapan
Strong updrafts and downdrafts, severe turbulence, gust fronts, microbursts, hail, lightning, heavy rain, and possible tornadoes. Avoid the storm rather than trying to judge a safe path through it.
Kad 274
Soalan
Where may a Category 3 drone operate over people?
Jawapan
At a closed or restricted-access site with notice to entrants, or without sustained flight over people except for participants or people protected by a structure or stationary vehicle.
Kad 275
Soalan
What maintenance records are required for Category 4?
Jawapan
Record the work, date, and person for one year or until the work is repeated or superseded. Retain life-limited-part, inspection, and airworthiness-directive status and transfer those status records with the aircraft.
Kad 276
Soalan
What should the remote PIC evaluate when selecting an area for operations over people?
Jawapan
Evaluate people, moving vehicles and vessels; terrain and structures; the planned path, aircraft performance, and maneuverability; weather; likely failures, escape routes, and emergency landing options; and the pilot's familiarity with the site. Reassess as conditions change.
Kad 277
Soalan
When may a Category 4 drone operate over people inside moving vehicles?
Jawapan
Only when the aircraft has the required airworthiness certificate and its operating limitations don't prohibit operations over people inside moving vehicles.
Kad 278
Soalan
How can a modification affect operations-over-people eligibility?
Jawapan
A change to weight, structure, rotating parts, software, or required components can invalidate the demonstrated category unless the current approval and instructions cover that configuration.
Kad 279
Soalan
Are maintenance records useful when Part 107 doesn't require Category 4 records?
Jawapan
Yes. FAA guidance recommends logging inspections, repairs, alterations, software changes, component time, and return-to-service checks. Category 4 has a separate mandatory record system.
Kad 280
Soalan
What must be satisfied for a Part 107 operation over people at night?
Jawapan
Both the applicable Subpart D category rules and §107.29 night rules must be met. The remote PIC needs the applicable night knowledge or training, and the aircraft must stay in an eligible configuration with any operating instructions followed and an anti-collision light visible for at least 3 statute miles with a sufficient flash rate.
Kad 281
Soalan
How long must Category 2 or 3 MOC and DOC support records be kept?
Jawapan
A DOC producer keeps supporting data for two years after production ends; a designer or modifier keeps it for two years after submitting the DOC. An MOC submitter keeps its description and justification while the MOC remains FAA-accepted.
Kad 282
Soalan
What must the remote PIC check on a Category 2 or 3 aircraft?
Jawapan
The required category label, FAA-accepted Declaration of Compliance listing, current operating instructions, required components, and condition for safe operation.
Kad 283
Soalan
When may a Category 1, 2, or 3 drone operate over moving vehicles?
Jawapan
At a closed- or restricted-access site where everyone inside a moving vehicle is on notice, or when the aircraft does not maintain sustained flight over moving vehicles. A brief, one-time transit can be incidental; hovering, circling, or repeated back-and-forth passes are sustained flight.
Kad 284
Soalan
May a drone qualify for more than one operations-over-people category?
Jawapan
Yes, but it must not be able to switch inadvertently into a configuration that fails the category being used.
Kad 285
Soalan
Who becomes the applicant for a self-built or materially modified Category 2 or 3 drone?
Jawapan
The person who produces, designs, builds from separate components, or makes an eligibility-changing modification. Before Category 2 or 3 operations, that applicant must show compliance through an FAA-accepted MOC and submit a new DOC.
Kad 286
Soalan
What should follow maintenance before a normal mission?
Jawapan
Document the work as appropriate, inspect the aircraft, verify correct assembly and software settings, and perform a controlled functional check.
286 kad
FAA Part 107 Flashcards: Remote Pilot Knowledge Test Review
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