GMAT Flashcards: Quant, Verbal & Data Insights Decisions

300 original flashcards for current-format GMAT Quant, Verbal, and Data Insights concepts, cues, and reusable decisions.

Kuhusu fungu hili

GMAT Flashcards: Quant, Verbal & Data Insights Decisions

Build quick recall for the current GMAT with 300 original cards across Quantitative Reasoning, Verbal Reasoning, and Data Insights. The deck focuses on reusable concepts and decisions; full-length practice belongs in official or properly licensed question banks.

What the cards map

  • Quant maps numeric forms, terms, rules, and formulas to their meaning, conditions, or use. Short scenarios ask for the operation, equation, or answer check that fits.
  • Verbal maps passage and argument cues to purpose, scope, evidence, inference, reasoning flaws, and evaluation moves.
  • Data Insights maps targets, constraints, source and display cues, metrics, and evidence states to the interpretation or decision they support. It covers Data Sufficiency, Multi-Source Reasoning, Table Analysis, Graphics Interpretation, and Two-Part Analysis.

Learning order

The mixed sequence keeps all three sections in rotation. Quant foundations come before algebra, models, and strategy checks; passage reading comes before argument evaluation; shared data literacy comes before the five Data Insights formats. Closely related prompts are spaced apart so one card does not cue the next.

Current-format boundary

This deck has no geometry lessons or formula drills, Sentence Correction, or the retired Integrated Reasoning section. It also excludes timing, scoring, test-center policy, full passages, large data sets, and response-pattern tricks.

Every card is an original compact concept or decision prompt. No official or competitor questions, answer choices, explanations, mark schemes, curriculum text, logos, or trade dress were copied or adapted. See the official GMAT exam content and Data Insights preparation guidance for the current exam boundary.

This is an independent, unofficial study resource. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by the Graduate Management Admission Council (GMAC). GMAT is used only to identify the exam.

Kadi za fungu hili

  1. Kadi namba 1

    Swali

    Which numerator-and-denominator operation creates an equivalent fraction?

    Jibu

    Multiply or divide the numerator and denominator by the same nonzero number. The fraction's value stays unchanged.

  2. Kadi namba 2

    Swali

    What does data sufficiency ask you to determine?

    Jibu

    Whether the information guarantees one answer. You usually don’t need to calculate that answer.

  3. Kadi namba 3

    Swali

    How do you form a passage's main idea?

    Jibu

    Combine the passage's central topic with its main claim about that topic. The answer should cover the whole passage at the right level.

  4. Kadi namba 4

    Swali

    What does multiplying a decimal by 10ⁿ do when n is a positive integer?

    Jibu

    It moves the decimal point n places to the right. Dividing by 10ⁿ moves it n places left.

  5. Kadi namba 5

    Swali

    What makes information sufficient for a value question?

    Jibu

    It forces exactly one value for the target. Different values that satisfy all conditions make it insufficient.

  6. Kadi namba 6

    Swali

    How do you identify the passage's primary purpose?

    Jibu

    Name what the author is doing with the topic: explaining, comparing, challenging, defending, or proposing. Keep content and action together.

  7. Kadi namba 7

    Swali

    How do you find p percent of a quantity q?

    Jibu

    Compute (p/100) × q. Translate “of” as multiplication.

  8. Kadi namba 8

    Swali

    How can two valid cases prove insufficiency?

    Jibu

    Make the cases produce different answers to the question. One clean counterexample pair is enough.

  9. Kadi namba 9

    Swali

    How do you determine a paragraph's role?

    Jibu

    Connect the paragraph to what comes before and after it. Decide whether it introduces, supports, qualifies, contrasts, applies, or concludes the larger discussion.

  10. Kadi namba 10

    Swali

    A total of 45 is split in the ratio 2:3. What are the two parts?

    Jibu

    18 and 27. The five ratio units are worth 45 ÷ 5 = 9 each.

  11. Kadi namba 11

    Swali

    Why can an integer restriction change sufficiency?

    Jibu

    It removes noninteger possibilities. A range containing many real numbers may contain only one integer.

  12. Kadi namba 12

    Swali

    When is a product of signed factors negative?

    Jibu

    Provided no factor is zero, an odd number of negative factors gives a negative product, while an even number gives a positive product. If any factor is zero, the product is zero.

  13. Kadi namba 13

    Swali

    How should two data-sufficiency statements be tested initially?

    Jibu

    Test each statement independently against the stem. Do not carry information from one statement into the other.

  14. Kadi namba 14

    Swali

    What makes an integer greater than 1 prime?

    Jibu

    It has exactly two positive divisors: 1 and itself.

  15. Kadi namba 15

    Swali

    What should you do first on a detail question?

    Jibu

    Return to the relevant lines and read their local context. Memory tends to preserve the topic while blurring qualifications.

  16. Kadi namba 16

    Swali

    What is the divisibility rule for 2?

    Jibu

    The last digit must be even: 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8.

  17. Kadi namba 17

    Swali

    How do you test whether a fact is relevant?

    Jibu

    Connect it to the requested target. A true fact that does not narrow the target adds no decision value.

  18. Kadi namba 18

    Swali

    How far may a reading inference go beyond the text?

    Jibu

    Only as far as the text strongly supports. Prefer the smallest justified step and reject claims needing outside knowledge.

  19. Kadi namba 19

    Swali

    Why is prime factorization useful in GMAT arithmetic?

    Jibu

    It exposes divisibility, factors, greatest common factors, least common multiples, and perfect powers.

  20. Kadi namba 20

    Swali

    What must happen before quantities with different units are combined?

    Jibu

    First confirm that their dimensions are compatible, then convert them to a common unit. Keep the unit attached through the calculation to catch mismatches.

  21. Kadi namba 21

    Swali

    How do you apply a passage principle to a new case?

    Jibu

    Extract the principle's required conditions, then test whether the new case has them. Surface similarity isn't enough.

  22. Kadi namba 22

    Swali

    Which relationship connects distance, rate, and time?

    Jibu

    Distance = rate × time. Rearrange only after the units are compatible.

  23. Kadi namba 23

    Swali

    How do you find a least common multiple from prime factorizations?

    Jibu

    Take every prime that appears, using the largest exponent present.

  24. Kadi namba 24

    Swali

    How do you multiply powers with the same base?

    Jibu

    Add the exponents: aᵐ × aⁿ = aᵐ⁺ⁿ.

  25. Kadi namba 25

    Swali

    How is a weighted average computed?

    Jibu

    Divide the total weighted value by the total weight. For groups, use group size as the weight unless another weight is given.

  26. Kadi namba 26

    Swali

    What should a quick passage map record?

    Jibu

    Each paragraph's role and major viewpoint, plus the passage's overall direction. Record structure, not a sentence-by-sentence summary.

  27. Kadi namba 27

    Swali

    What does the principal square root symbol √x return?

    Jibu

    For real x ≥ 0, it is the nonnegative number whose square is x. For example, √9 = 3, not ±3.

  28. Kadi namba 28

    Swali

    When can bounds replace exact arithmetic?

    Jibu

    When the bounds separate the viable decisions. Stop once every value in the interval leads to the same choice.

  29. Kadi namba 29

    Swali

    How do you keep viewpoints separate?

    Jibu

    Attach each claim to its speaker: author, critic, researcher, or group. Track agreement, disagreement, and any later qualification.

  30. Kadi namba 30

    Swali

    How do “sum,” “product,” and “quotient” translate into algebra?

    Jibu

    They mean addition, multiplication, and division, respectively.

  31. Kadi namba 31

    Swali

    How do you reduce a fraction to lowest terms?

    Jibu

    Divide the numerator and denominator by their greatest common factor.

  32. Kadi namba 32

    Swali

    What evidence should determine the author's tone?

    Jibu

    Evaluative words, qualifications, and the treatment of competing views. Topic alone doesn't establish approval, concern, or skepticism.

  33. Kadi namba 33

    Swali

    When should rounding usually occur?

    Jibu

    At the end, unless estimation already settles the decision. Early rounding can move a result across a cutoff.

  34. Kadi namba 34

    Swali

    How do you convert a terminating decimal to a fraction?

    Jibu

    Write the digits over the matching power of 10, then reduce. For example, 0.375 = 375/1000 = 3/8.

  35. Kadi namba 35

    Swali

    When should you stop calculating in a sufficiency problem?

    Jibu

    As soon as uniqueness is proved or disproved. More arithmetic cannot change the sufficiency decision.

  36. Kadi namba 36

    Swali

    How do you spot an out-of-scope answer?

    Jibu

    It introduces a person, period, cause, or consequence the passage doesn't address. Being reasonable doesn't make it textually supported.

  37. Kadi namba 37

    Swali

    What is the percent-change formula?

    Jibu

    For original > 0, percent change = (new − original) / original × 100%. Percent change from zero is undefined; negative baselines require context-specific interpretation.

  38. Kadi namba 38

    Swali

    What makes information sufficient for a yes-or-no question?

    Jibu

    It forces the same yes-or-no answer in every valid case. The underlying value may still vary.

  39. Kadi namba 39

    Swali

    What preserves a ratio when its quantities are scaled?

    Jibu

    Multiplying or dividing both terms by the same nonzero factor preserves the ratio.

  40. Kadi namba 40

    Swali

    How do you reject a main-idea answer with the wrong scope?

    Jibu

    Compare it with the whole passage. A detail-only answer is too narrow; a claim extending beyond the passage is too broad.

  41. Kadi namba 41

    Swali

    Why should you track whether a variable is positive, negative, or zero?

    Jibu

    Sign controls valid cases and operations. Squaring can hide sign, and division requires a nonzero denominator.

  42. Kadi namba 42

    Swali

    How do you simplify subtraction of a negative number?

    Jibu

    Change it to addition: a − (−b) = a + b.

  43. Kadi namba 43

    Swali

    Whose purpose matters in a primary-purpose question?

    Jibu

    The passage author's purpose. A theory or researcher may be described at length without representing what the author ultimately wants to do.

  44. Kadi namba 44

    Swali

    When is the on-screen calculator most useful?

    Jibu

    For tedious arithmetic after the setup is clear. It does not replace choosing the right relationship or denominator.

  45. Kadi namba 45

    Swali

    In Data Sufficiency, what stem information applies when testing either statement?

    Jibu

    Everything in the question stem. Stem facts remain active for each statement and for the combination.

  46. Kadi namba 46

    Swali

    What is the divisibility rule for 3?

    Jibu

    The sum of the digits must be divisible by 3.

  47. Kadi namba 47

    Swali

    What does a transition paragraph often do?

    Jibu

    It closes one line of thought and sets up the next. Its role depends on both sides, not only on its first sentence.

  48. Kadi namba 48

    Swali

    When is a proxy measure useful?

    Jibu

    When evidence shows it reliably tracks the target for the intended decision. Correlation may support prediction, but it proves neither causation nor suitability on its own.

  49. Kadi namba 49

    Swali

    How do you find a greatest common factor from prime factorizations?

    Jibu

    Take each shared prime to the smaller exponent.

  50. Kadi namba 50

    Swali

    What is the arithmetic mean?

    Jibu

    The sum of the values divided by the number of values.

  51. Kadi namba 51

    Swali

    What units should a rate have?

    Jibu

    One quantity per another, such as kilometers per hour. The denominator tells you what the rate is measured against.

  52. Kadi namba 52

    Swali

    How do you divide powers with the same nonzero base?

    Jibu

    Subtract the exponents: aᵐ ÷ aⁿ = aᵐ⁻ⁿ.

  53. Kadi namba 53

    Swali

    What makes a paraphrase faithful to a passage detail?

    Jibu

    It preserves the original meaning, scope, and certainty in different words. Shared keywords alone don't make it accurate.

  54. Kadi namba 54

    Swali

    How do you recover a total from an average?

    Jibu

    Total = average × number of values.

  55. Kadi namba 55

    Swali

    How do you choose between two plausible reading inferences?

    Jibu

    Choose the one with the tighter textual chain and fewer assumptions. Plausibility in the real world is secondary.

  56. Kadi namba 56

    Swali

    What quick check can catch a calculator-entry error?

    Jibu

    Estimate the order of magnitude and direction first. An exact result far outside that range deserves another look.

  57. Kadi namba 57

    Swali

    How do you simplify a square root with a perfect-square factor?

    Jibu

    Factor out the perfect square. For example, √72 = √(36 × 2) = 6√2.

  58. Kadi namba 58

    Swali

    What makes a new example parallel to one in the passage?

    Jibu

    The same logical relationship. Match cause, contrast, exception, or function rather than shared subject matter.

  59. Kadi namba 59

    Swali

    When can work rates be added?

    Jibu

    Add the stated constant rates when the workers operate simultaneously without interfering with one another. At 1/4 and 1/6 job per hour, together they complete 5/12 job per hour.

  60. Kadi namba 60

    Swali

    What is the denominator in a percent comparison?

    Jibu

    The stated reference value. “A as a percent of B” means A divided by B, then multiplied by 100.

  61. Kadi namba 61

    Swali

    How do you translate “5 less than x”?

    Jibu

    x − 5. The phrase “less than” reverses the spoken order.

  62. Kadi namba 62

    Swali

    In Data Sufficiency, what should you check before testing values?

    Jibu

    The full domain. Honor stated restrictions and implicit ones such as positive lengths or nonzero divisors before judging sufficiency.

  63. Kadi namba 63

    Swali

    How do you add fractions with different denominators?

    Jibu

    Rewrite them with a common denominator, then add the numerators. For example, 2/3 + 1/4 = 8/12 + 3/12 = 11/12.

  64. Kadi namba 64

    Swali

    How do you distinguish description from argument in a passage?

    Jibu

    Description presents what happened or what a view says; argument gives reasons to accept, reject, or revise a claim.

  65. Kadi namba 65

    Swali

    How should you compare decimals with different lengths?

    Jibu

    Append trailing zeros and compare place by place. For example, compare 0.47 with 0.4700, which are equal.

  66. Kadi namba 66

    Swali

    How should combined statements be evaluated?

    Jibu

    Intersect their constraints with the stem. The combination is sufficient only if every remaining case gives one answer.

  67. Kadi namba 67

    Swali

    How do you find common ground between two viewpoints?

    Jibu

    Look for the narrow claim both accept, even if they disagree about its cause, importance, or implications.

  68. Kadi namba 68

    Swali

    How do you solve a proportion such as a/b = c/d?

    Jibu

    Cross-multiply to get ad = bc, provided b and d are nonzero.

  69. Kadi namba 69

    Swali

    How is average speed computed?

    Jibu

    Total distance divided by total time. It is not usually the simple mean of the segment speeds.

  70. Kadi namba 70

    Swali

    What does |x| represent?

    Jibu

    The nonnegative distance from x to 0 on the number line.

  71. Kadi namba 71

    Swali

    Why are strongly emotional tone descriptions often wrong?

    Jibu

    They overstate measured academic prose. Match the answer's intensity to the author's actual language.

  72. Kadi namba 72

    Swali

    What is the divisibility rule for 4?

    Jibu

    The number formed by the last two digits must be divisible by 4.

  73. Kadi namba 73

    Swali

    Can the ordinary percent-change formula be applied directly when the original value is zero or negative?

    Jibu

    No. The ordinary GMAT rule assumes original > 0. Change from zero is undefined, and a negative baseline requires context-specific interpretation.

  74. Kadi namba 74

    Swali

    Why can a true statement still be a wrong answer?

    Jibu

    It may not answer the question asked. Check the task—main idea, detail, inference, role, or purpose—before checking truth.

  75. Kadi namba 75

    Swali

    When must a weighted average lie between its component values?

    Jibu

    When every weight is nonnegative and the total weight is positive. The average then lies between the smallest and largest component values.

  76. Kadi namba 76

    Swali

    How do you express an integer n divided by d with remainder r?

    Jibu

    n = dq + r, where q is an integer and 0 ≤ r < d for positive d.

  77. Kadi namba 77

    Swali

    What does an inequality usually provide?

    Jibu

    A range, not a unique value. It can still be sufficient if the question asks whether a threshold is crossed.

  78. Kadi namba 78

    Swali

    How should you handle an EXCEPT detail prompt?

    Jibu

    Verify four statements against the passage and select the one that isn't supported. Keep the reversed task visible while checking each choice.

  79. Kadi namba 79

    Swali

    How should you set up a unit conversion?

    Jibu

    Multiply by a conversion factor equal to 1, placing units so the unwanted unit cancels.

  80. Kadi namba 80

    Swali

    Can two individually insufficient statements remain insufficient together?

    Jibu

    Yes. They may repeat the same limitation or still leave multiple valid answers.

  81. Kadi namba 81

    Swali

    For a positive base, how do you simplify a power raised to another power?

    Jibu

    Multiply the exponents: (aᵐ)ⁿ = a^(mn).

  82. Kadi namba 82

    Swali

    When can you infer that an author accepts a claim?

    Jibu

    When the author endorses it directly or relies on it without distancing language. Merely reporting another person's view isn't endorsement.

  83. Kadi namba 83

    Swali

    How should successive percentage changes be combined?

    Jibu

    Multiply their factors. A 10% rise followed by a 10% fall gives 1.10 × 0.90 = 0.99, a 1% net fall.

  84. Kadi namba 84

    Swali

    What are compatible numbers in estimation?

    Jibu

    Nearby numbers chosen to make mental arithmetic easy, such as 203 ÷ 9.9 ≈ 200 ÷ 10 = 20.

  85. Kadi namba 85

    Swali

    Which constraints are easy to overlook in a word problem?

    Jibu

    Countability, positivity, distinctness, and capacity limits. Translate each noun and rule into a usable constraint.

  86. Kadi namba 86

    Swali

    How do you state the exact disagreement between two viewpoints?

    Jibu

    Identify one claim that one side accepts and the other rejects. Don't substitute a topic that only one side discusses.

  87. Kadi namba 87

    Swali

    How do you represent three consecutive integers?

    Jibu

    n, n + 1, and n + 2 for an integer n.

  88. Kadi namba 88

    Swali

    How do percentage points differ from percent change?

    Jibu

    Percentage points are the direct difference between percentages. Moving from 20% to 25% is 5 points and a 25% relative increase.

  89. Kadi namba 89

    Swali

    What is a reversed-relationship trap?

    Jibu

    It swaps cause and effect, support and conclusion, or the positions of two viewpoints while reusing familiar passage language.

  90. Kadi namba 90

    Swali

    How do you multiply two fractions?

    Jibu

    Multiply numerator by numerator and denominator by denominator, canceling common factors when convenient.

  91. Kadi namba 91

    Swali

    How do direct and inverse proportion differ?

    Jibu

    Direct: y = kx; inverse: y = k/x for x ≠ 0.

  92. Kadi namba 92

    Swali

    How do you recover an original value after a percentage increase?

    Jibu

    Divide the new value by the growth factor. After a 20% increase, original = new ÷ 1.20.

  93. Kadi namba 93

    Swali

    When should absolute wording raise suspicion?

    Jibu

    When the passage is qualified. Words such as always, never, entirely, and impossible require equally strong textual support.

  94. Kadi namba 94

    Swali

    What should you identify first in Data Sufficiency?

    Jibu

    The exact target and answer type. Decide whether the stem asks for a value, a comparison, or a yes-or-no result.

  95. Kadi namba 95

    Swali

    What ending makes an integer divisible by 5 or by 10?

    Jibu

    A last digit of 0 or 5 gives divisibility by 5; a last digit of 0 gives divisibility by 10.

  96. Kadi namba 96

    Swali

    How should a Data Sufficiency condition be handled?

    Jibu

    Translate it into a precise constraint before testing sufficiency. Keep it separate from the conclusion you want.

  97. Kadi namba 97

    Swali

    How do you reject a half-right answer?

    Jibu

    Test every part of it. One accurate clause can't rescue a second clause that distorts the passage or exceeds its scope.

  98. Kadi namba 98

    Swali

    When you convert a positive measurement to a smaller linear unit, what happens to its numerical value?

    Jibu

    It increases. Multiply by the number of smaller units in one larger unit.

  99. Kadi namba 99

    Swali

    DS example: Is x > 5? Statement: x > 3. Is the statement sufficient?

    Jibu

    No. Both x = 4 and x = 6 satisfy the statement, but they answer the stem differently.

  100. Kadi namba 100

    Swali

    What is a⁰ when a is nonzero?

    Jibu

    1. The nonzero-base condition matters because 0⁰ is not assigned this rule.
  101. Kadi namba 101

    Swali

    Which claim is the argument trying to establish?

    Jibu

    The main conclusion. Find the claim supported by the other statements, then check that it answers the argument's central issue.

  102. Kadi namba 102

    Swali

    When should the two statements be combined?

    Jibu

    When neither statement is sufficient alone. Use both constraints at once and test the remaining possibilities.

  103. Kadi namba 103

    Swali

    A positive number rounds to 8.2 to the nearest tenth. What interval contains it?

    Jibu

    8.15 ≤ x < 8.25. The lower endpoint rounds up to 8.2; the upper endpoint rounds to 8.3.

  104. Kadi namba 104

    Swali

    What should you check when the conclusion changes populations?

    Jibu

    Whether the evidence applies to the new population. Results from volunteers, specialists, or one age group may not transfer to everyone.

  105. Kadi namba 105

    Swali

    How should test values be chosen in Data Sufficiency?

    Jibu

    Choose valid values that probe boundaries, signs, and distinct outcomes. Random easy values can miss the deciding case.

  106. Kadi namba 106

    Swali

    How do you translate “A is 30% more than B”?

    Jibu

    A = 1.30B. The percentage is based on B.

  107. Kadi namba 107

    Swali

    When can one equation involving two variables be sufficient for a target?

    Jibu

    When every valid solution gives the same target value, even if neither variable is unique. For example, x + y = 10 is sufficient to determine x + y.

  108. Kadi namba 108

    Swali

    What does a correlation establish by itself?

    Jibu

    Only that two things vary together. It doesn't establish which one causes the other or whether a third factor causes both.

  109. Kadi namba 109

    Swali

    How do you divide by a nonzero fraction?

    Jibu

    Multiply by its reciprocal. For example, 3/5 ÷ 2/7 = 3/5 × 7/2.

  110. Kadi namba 110

    Swali

    Why is a ratio often insufficient for an absolute value?

    Jibu

    A ratio fixes relative size but usually leaves the scale free. Many proportional pairs can share the same ratio.

  111. Kadi namba 111

    Swali

    What is the divisibility rule for 9?

    Jibu

    The sum of the digits must be divisible by 9.

  112. Kadi namba 112

    Swali

    What matters most when applying a sample result to a population?

    Jibu

    Representativeness. The sample must resemble the target population on traits that could affect the result.

  113. Kadi namba 113

    Swali

    What should you check after solving a squared equation?

    Jibu

    Check every allowed root. If positive and negative roots produce different target answers, the information is insufficient.

  114. Kadi namba 114

    Swali

    What does a negative exponent mean?

    Jibu

    It takes the reciprocal: a⁻ⁿ = 1/aⁿ for nonzero a.

  115. Kadi namba 115

    Swali

    Which baseline makes a comparison informative?

    Jibu

    The baseline relevant to the claim. Compare the outcome with what would otherwise have happened, not merely with an unrelated earlier figure.

  116. Kadi namba 116

    Swali

    What risk appears when an equation factors into multiple branches?

    Jibu

    Each branch may create valid cases. Test all branches against the stem before deciding sufficiency.

  117. Kadi namba 117

    Swali

    How can you compare two positive fractions quickly?

    Jibu

    Compare their cross-products. For a/b and c/d with positive denominators, compare ad with bc.

  118. Kadi namba 118

    Swali

    What may be assumed from a Data Sufficiency diagram?

    Jibu

    Only marked or stated facts. Do not infer scale, equality, perpendicularity, or midpoint status from appearance.

  119. Kadi namba 119

    Swali

    What multiplier represents a p percent increase or decrease?

    Jibu

    Use 1 + p/100 for an increase and 1 − p/100 for a decrease.

  120. Kadi namba 120

    Swali

    Which statements count as evidence?

    Jibu

    The statements offered as reasons to accept another claim. Evidence may be factual or assumed for the argument, even if it isn't proven in real life.

  121. Kadi namba 121

    Swali

    Can a mean determine an individual observation?

    Jibu

    Not by itself. A mean fixes the total, but different sets can have that total unless more constraints apply.

  122. Kadi namba 122

    Swali

    What weakens a move from past evidence to a present claim?

    Jibu

    A relevant change over time. New technology, prices, rules, or behavior can make the earlier evidence a poor guide.

  123. Kadi namba 123

    Swali

    A value becomes 96 after a 20% increase. What was the original value?

    Jibu

    1. Divide the final value by the growth multiplier: 96 ÷ 1.2 = 80.
  124. Kadi namba 124

    Swali

    How do extreme valid cases help in Data Sufficiency?

    Jibu

    They expose whether the target can change. Test the smallest, largest, or boundary cases allowed by the conditions.

  125. Kadi namba 125

    Swali

    How do you test for reverse causation?

    Jibu

    Ask whether the alleged effect could instead cause the alleged cause. Productive teams may meet more because they are productive, not the reverse.

  126. Kadi namba 126

    Swali

    Must a sufficient statement make every variable unique?

    Jibu

    No. It only needs to make the requested target unique, even if other variables remain undetermined.

  127. Kadi namba 127

    Swali

    A price rises 20% and then falls 20%. Does it return to its original value?

    Jibu

    No. The multipliers give 1.20 × 0.80 = 0.96, so the final price is 4% below the original.

  128. Kadi namba 128

    Swali

    Why can a voluntary survey be biased?

    Jibu

    People who choose to respond may differ from those who don't. Strong opinions or extra interest can distort the sample.

  129. Kadi namba 129

    Swali

    How do you expand a(b + c)?

    Jibu

    ab + ac. The outside factor multiplies every term inside the parentheses.

  130. Kadi namba 130

    Swali

    What should the final Data Sufficiency decision describe?

    Jibu

    Which information set guarantees an answer. It should not report the target’s numerical value.

  131. Kadi namba 131

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    What is the goal when solving a linear equation?

    Jibu

    Isolate the variable by applying equivalent operations to both sides.

  132. Kadi namba 132

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    DS example: Is integer n even? Statement: n = 7. Is the statement sufficient?

    Jibu

    Yes. It guarantees one answer—no. A statement can be sufficient even when that answer is negative.

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    When must an inequality sign reverse?

    Jibu

    When both sides are multiplied or divided by a negative number.

  134. Kadi namba 134

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    What must be checked before comparing two groups?

    Jibu

    Whether they differ in other relevant ways. Age, experience, starting level, or incentives may explain the outcome instead.

  135. Kadi namba 135

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    When is substitution preferable to elimination in a two-equation system?

    Jibu

    Use substitution when one variable is already isolated or easy to isolate; use elimination when coefficients cancel easily.

  136. Kadi namba 136

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    What should you build before analyzing Multi-Source Reasoning material?

    Jibu

    A quick source map. Note what each tab or document contains, who produced it, and the relevant date or scope.

  137. Kadi namba 137

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    How do you separate background from evidence?

    Jibu

    Ask whether the statement supports a claim. Background sets context; evidence does logical work in moving the argument toward a conclusion.

  138. Kadi namba 138

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    Which algebraic terms can be combined?

    Jibu

    Terms with the same variable part and exponents. For example, 3x² and −5x² combine, but 3x² and 3x do not.

  139. Kadi namba 139

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    When should you read the Multi-Source Reasoning question?

    Jibu

    Before a deep read of every source. The question tells you which details deserve attention.

  140. Kadi namba 140

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    What is a reliable first step for an equation containing several fractions?

    Jibu

    Multiply every term by the least common denominator, then solve the simpler equation.

  141. Kadi namba 141

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    Why does source provenance matter?

    Jibu

    It defines what a claim can support. An internal forecast and an audited result do not carry the same evidentiary weight.

  142. Kadi namba 142

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    What should you test when evidence comes from a different setting?

    Jibu

    Whether the settings differ in a way that affects the result. A finding from one market, school, or climate may not carry over unchanged.

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    What does an “and” compound inequality require?

    Jibu

    The overlap of both solution sets. A value must satisfy both conditions.

  144. Kadi namba 144

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    What should you compare before combining claims from two sources?

    Jibu

    Their population, period, units, and definitions. Matching labels can hide different scopes.

  145. Kadi namba 145

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    How can a third factor undermine a causal claim?

    Jibu

    It may explain both events, so their correlation no longer establishes a direct causal link by itself. Hot weather can raise both cold-drink sales and pool attendance.

  146. Kadi namba 146

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    What do one, zero, or infinitely many solutions mean for two linear equations in two variables?

    Jibu

    The lines intersect once, are parallel and distinct, or are the same line, respectively.

  147. Kadi namba 147

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    How should records from separate sources be linked?

    Jibu

    Use a shared key with the same meaning in both sources, such as product code and month. Do not join on a vague label alone.

  148. Kadi namba 148

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    How do you factor 6x + 9?

    Jibu

    3(2x + 3). Pull out the greatest common factor.

  149. Kadi namba 149

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    When does nonresponse threaten a survey result?

    Jibu

    When nonrespondents may answer differently from respondents. A high response count doesn't fix a systematic missing group.

  150. Kadi namba 150

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    What is the first step when two sources seem inconsistent?

    Jibu

    Compare definitions, dates, units, and aggregation levels. Many apparent conflicts come from mismatched frames.

    Abstract study workspace with blue number blocks, amber argument notes, and teal charts around a central light.

    kadi 300

    GMAT Flashcards: Quant, Verbal & Data Insights Decisions

    Soma fungu hili bila malipo

    Nibomo itafunguka ili uanze kusoma.

  151. Kadi namba 151

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    When can you use the zero-product property?

    Jibu

    After rewriting a product equal to zero. If (x − 2)(x + 5) = 0, then x = 2 or x = −5.

  152. Kadi namba 152

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    How does an inference differ from a stated fact?

    Jibu

    A fact appears directly in a source; an inference must follow from the sources without an extra assumption.

  153. Kadi namba 153

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    Does a higher percentage by itself prove a higher count?

    Jibu

    No. The underlying totals matter. Twenty percent of 1,000 is more than fifty percent of 100.

  154. Kadi namba 154

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    What does an “or” compound inequality require?

    Jibu

    The union of the solution sets. A value may satisfy either condition or both.

  155. Kadi namba 155

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    What does a blank or omitted value establish?

    Jibu

    Only that the value is not provided. It does not establish zero, no change, or failure.

  156. Kadi namba 156

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    How do you recognize an intermediate conclusion?

    Jibu

    It is supported by one claim and supports another. It acts as both a conclusion and a premise in the same argument.

  157. Kadi namba 157

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    What should you do before writing equations for a two-quantity word problem?

    Jibu

    Define each variable with its unit, then translate one independent relationship per equation.

  158. Kadi namba 158

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    Why should cross-source events be placed in time order?

    Jibu

    Sequence separates prior conditions from later outcomes and prevents using future information as an earlier cause.

  159. Kadi namba 159

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    When should candidate solutions be checked in the original equation?

    Jibu

    Always after a step that may introduce solutions, especially squaring both sides or clearing variable denominators.

  160. Kadi namba 160

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    How can switching from one measured outcome to another create a gap?

    Jibu

    Evidence about one metric may not support a conclusion about another. More website visits, for example, don't by themselves mean more sales.

  161. Kadi namba 161

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    What makes a source relevant to a claim?

    Jibu

    It supplies evidence for a required link in the claim. Related background alone is not enough.

  162. Kadi namba 162

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    How do you solve a factored polynomial inequality reliably?

    Jibu

    Find the zeros, split the number line into intervals, and test each interval's sign. Include a zero only when equality is allowed.

  163. Kadi namba 163

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    Does happening first prove causation?

    Jibu

    No. The timing may fit a causal story, but coincidence or another cause can still explain the later event.

  164. Kadi namba 164

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    How can you spot an unsupported cross-source conclusion?

    Jibu

    Identify the bridge between evidence and conclusion. If the sources never establish that bridge, the conclusion needs an assumption.

  165. Kadi namba 165

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    What do 0 = 0 and 0 = 5 mean after simplifying an equation?

    Jibu

    0 = 0 means every allowed value is a solution; 0 = 5 means there is no solution.

  166. Kadi namba 166

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    What should you verify before comparing figures from different sources?

    Jibu

    Common units and denominators. Convert first, then compare the same quantity on the same basis.

  167. Kadi namba 167

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    How do you interpret |x − a| < r when r is positive?

    Jibu

    x is within r units of a: a − r < x < a + r.

  168. Kadi namba 168

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    What can a larger sample improve?

    Jibu

    Precision, if the sampling method is sound. A huge biased sample can still give a confidently wrong picture of the population.

  169. Kadi namba 169

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    How should a cross-source recommendation be evaluated?

    Jibu

    Apply the stated decision rule to the combined evidence. Do not substitute a personal preference for the rule.

  170. Kadi namba 170

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    If a worker finishes one job in t hours, what is the worker's hourly rate?

    Jibu

    1/t of the job per hour.

  171. Kadi namba 171

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    What can an average hide?

    Jibu

    The distribution. Two groups can share an average while differing sharply in range, concentration, or the number of extreme values.

  172. Kadi namba 172

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    What should you confirm before submitting a Multi-Source Reasoning answer?

    Jibu

    That every required part is supported by the correct source and scope. One unsupported component can invalidate the whole decision.

  173. Kadi namba 173

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    How do you find the amount of a pure component in a mixture?

    Jibu

    Concentration × total mixture amount. A 30% solution with volume 20 contains 0.30 × 20 = 6 units of the component.

  174. Kadi namba 174

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    What role does a concession usually play?

    Jibu

    It acknowledges a point that weighs against the conclusion, then answers that point or limits its relevance. Don't mistake the conceded claim for the argument's main conclusion.

  175. Kadi namba 175

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    When can an apparent cross-source discrepancy be resolved?

    Jibu

    When a stated difference in scope or method explains both figures. If no bridge is given, keep the conflict open.

  176. Kadi namba 176

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    What is the two-set overlap formula?

    Jibu

    In A or B = in A + in B − in both. Subtract the overlap because it was counted twice.

  177. Kadi namba 177

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    What should you identify first in Table Analysis?

    Jibu

    The row unit, column definitions, and any notes. This establishes what one record and each value represent.

  178. Kadi namba 178

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    What is the fundamental counting principle?

    Jibu

    Multiply the choices at successive stages when each stage has a fixed number of available choices.

  179. Kadi namba 179

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    Why distinguish relative change from absolute change?

    Jibu

    Relative change is the percentage change; absolute change is the amount added or lost. A 50% rise from 2 adds 1, while a 10% rise from 1,000 adds 100.

  180. Kadi namba 180

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    How should a table filter be translated?

    Jibu

    Turn it into an exact inclusion rule. Apply every condition before counting or comparing rows.

  181. Kadi namba 181

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    For equally likely outcomes, what is the basic probability formula?

    Jibu

    Favorable outcomes divided by total possible outcomes.

  182. Kadi namba 182

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    What makes a proposed causal mechanism useful?

    Jibu

    It explains how the cause could produce the effect. A plausible, evidence-backed mechanism strengthens the causal link.

  183. Kadi namba 183

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    How do you find the median?

    Jibu

    Order the values and take the middle value; for an even count, average the two middle values.

  184. Kadi namba 184

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    How should numeric values be sorted?

    Jibu

    By numerical value, not digit order. For example, 12 comes after 9 in ascending order.

  185. Kadi namba 185

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    What is missed when evidence includes only successful cases?

    Jibu

    The failures. Studying only surviving firms can make a strategy look safer or more effective than it is.

  186. Kadi namba 186

    Swali

    Two machines have stated constant rates of 1/3 and 1/5 job per hour and operate simultaneously without interference. May their rates be added?

    Jibu

    Yes. The stated rates are constant and the machines do not interfere, so their combined rate is 1/3 + 1/5 = 8/15 job per hour.

  187. Kadi namba 187

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    How should a table ratio be built when filters are involved?

    Jibu

    Derive the numerator and denominator separately from the question, then apply each filter only where it is relevant. Do not automatically filter both quantities or default to all rows.

  188. Kadi namba 188

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    What quantity is conserved when two solutions are mixed without loss?

    Jibu

    The amount of the pure component. Set the sum of the starting component amounts equal to the final component amount.

  189. Kadi namba 189

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    When may table rows be added directly?

    Jibu

    Only when they are disjoint parts of the same measure and use compatible units. Overlapping groups would be double-counted.

  190. Kadi namba 190

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    What does n! mean for a positive integer n?

    Jibu

    The product of the positive integers from 1 through n.

  191. Kadi namba 191

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    Where is the argument's logical gap?

    Jibu

    Between the evidence and the conclusion. State what must connect them without merely repeating either side.

  192. Kadi namba 192

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    How do you find the number in neither of two sets?

    Jibu

    Subtract the number in the union from the total population.

  193. Kadi namba 193

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    How should rates from table groups be combined?

    Jibu

    Divide the total numerator by the total denominator. Weight a group rate by its group size only when that size is the rate's denominator.

  194. Kadi namba 194

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    What is wrong with moving from some cases to all cases?

    Jibu

    The conclusion is broader than the evidence. Evidence that some members have a trait doesn't show that every member does.

  195. Kadi namba 195

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    When should you use a permutation?

    Jibu

    When selecting and arranging items and order matters. The number of ordered selections of r from n distinct items is n!/(n − r)!.

  196. Kadi namba 196

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    Why does table granularity matter?

    Jibu

    A row-level fact may disappear or change after aggregation. Match the claim to the table’s level of detail.

  197. Kadi namba 197

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    How do you find the probability that an event does not occur?

    Jibu

    1 − P(event). This is often the quickest route for “at least one” questions.

  198. Kadi namba 198

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    Why does a comparable control group help test causation?

    Jibu

    It shows what happened without the suspected cause. If the groups differ mainly in that factor, the result is harder to explain another way.

  199. Kadi namba 199

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    How should missing table entries be treated?

    Jibu

    As unknown unless the notes define another meaning. Exclude or include them only as the question directs.

  200. Kadi namba 200

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    What is the mode of a data set?

    Jibu

    A mode is any value with the greatest frequency. Under the no-mode convention, there is no mode only when at least two distinct values all have equal frequency.

  201. Kadi namba 201

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    What makes a table comparison valid?

    Jibu

    The values must have compatible measures, units, periods, populations, and definitions. Normalize only validly convertible differences; reject differences in population, period, or definition that cannot be reconciled.

  202. Kadi namba 202

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    What should you check when a prediction extends a past pattern?

    Jibu

    Whether the conditions behind the past pattern will continue. A trend alone doesn't show that its causes will remain in place.

  203. Kadi namba 203

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    How should a drain or other undoing process enter a work-rate equation?

    Jibu

    As a negative rate. Add productive rates and subtract rates that reverse the work.

  204. Kadi namba 204

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    How can you avoid losing your place while scanning a table?

    Jibu

    Evaluate one condition at a time and mark qualifying rows mentally or on the scratchpad. Count only after the final filter.

  205. Kadi namba 205

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    Can evidence that an outcome is possible show it is likely?

    Jibu

    No. Possibility only shows that an outcome can occur; probability requires evidence about how likely it is.

  206. Kadi namba 206

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    What correction is needed when counting the union of three sets?

    Jibu

    Add the three individual counts, subtract all three pairwise overlaps, then add the triple overlap back once.

  207. Kadi namba 207

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    When does a filtered table support a decision?

    Jibu

    When the qualifying rows satisfy the stated rule. Keep filtering, calculation, and decision as separate steps.

  208. Kadi namba 208

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    When should you use a combination?

    Jibu

    When selecting items and order does not matter. The number of selections of r from n distinct items is n!/[r!(n − r)!].

  209. Kadi namba 209

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    What must support a recommendation?

    Jibu

    A link from the proposed action to the stated goal. The argument also needs the action to be feasible and free of costs that defeat the goal.

  210. Kadi namba 210

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    How do AND and OR change a table filter?

    Jibu

    AND requires every condition; OR requires at least one. Parenthesize mixed rules before scanning rows.

  211. Kadi namba 211

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    How do you find the probability that independent events both occur?

    Jibu

    Multiply their probabilities: P(A and B) = P(A) × P(B).

  212. Kadi namba 212

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    What can make an alphabetical sort misleading?

    Jibu

    Labels may contain categories or embedded numbers. Confirm whether the column is text, numeric, or chronological.

  213. Kadi namba 213

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    What kind of fact most directly strengthens an argument?

    Jibu

    A fact that supports the missing link between evidence and conclusion. Merely repeating a premise adds little.

  214. Kadi namba 214

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    What is the range of a data set?

    Jibu

    Maximum value minus minimum value.

  215. Kadi namba 215

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    What should you check at a filter cutoff?

    Jibu

    Whether the boundary is inclusive. “At least 40” includes 40; “more than 40” does not.

  216. Kadi namba 216

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    A train covers 150 miles in 3 hours at a constant rate. What is its rate?

    Jibu

    50 miles per hour. Rearrange distance = rate × time to get rate = 150 ÷ 3.

  217. Kadi namba 217

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    What is the most direct way to weaken an argument?

    Jibu

    Undermine a necessary assumption connecting the evidence to the conclusion. The premises can remain true while the conclusion loses support.

  218. Kadi namba 218

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    What does a tie in the sorted column imply?

    Jibu

    The tied rows share rank on that measure. Their display order does not create a performance difference.

  219. Kadi namba 219

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    How do you identify a useful evaluation question?

    Jibu

    Test whether opposite answers would push the argument in opposite directions. If both answers leave the conclusion unchanged, the question isn't useful.

  220. Kadi namba 220

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    What should you identify first in Graphics Interpretation?

    Jibu

    The chart type and what each visual encoding represents. Bars, lines, areas, and points support different readings.

  221. Kadi namba 221

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    How do repeated identical items affect arrangement counts?

    Jibu

    For n total items, divide n! by the factorial of each repeated count. Identical items do not create new arrangements when swapped.

  222. Kadi namba 222

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    What should you read before estimating a plotted value?

    Jibu

    Both axis labels, units, and category order. Position has meaning only after the axes are understood.

  223. Kadi namba 223

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    How do you test whether a statement is a necessary assumption?

    Jibu

    Negate it. If that negation seriously damages the argument, the original statement was necessary.

  224. Kadi namba 224

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    How do you find the probability that one of two mutually exclusive events occurs?

    Jibu

    Add their probabilities: P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B). Their overlap is zero.

  225. Kadi namba 225

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    What should you verify in a chart legend?

    Jibu

    Which color, shape, or line maps to each series. Similar styling can otherwise swap the groups in your interpretation.

  226. Kadi namba 226

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    What does standard deviation measure?

    Jibu

    How spread out values are around the mean. Greater dispersion means a larger standard deviation.

  227. Kadi namba 227

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    What standard should an inference meet?

    Jibu

    It must follow from the given statements, without extra assumptions. Choose the modest claim the evidence guarantees.

  228. Kadi namba 228

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    What does a segment’s share depend on?

    Jibu

    The correct whole. A category’s share of one region may differ from its share of the full dataset.

  229. Kadi namba 229

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    For motion along the same line, when do you add or subtract two speeds to get relative speed?

    Jibu

    Add the speeds for opposite directions; subtract the smaller speed from the larger for the same direction.

  230. Kadi namba 230

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    What must a paradox explanation accomplish?

    Jibu

    Make both surprising facts plausible at the same time. Rejecting either stated fact doesn't resolve the tension.

  231. Kadi namba 231

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    How is a segment in a stacked bar measured?

    Jibu

    Subtract its lower boundary from its upper boundary. The upper endpoint alone is cumulative, not the segment value.

  232. Kadi namba 232

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    Eight students average 70 and twelve students average 80. What is the combined mean?

    Jibu

    1. The group sizes are the weights: (8 × 70 + 12 × 80) ÷ 20 = 76.
  233. Kadi namba 233

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    What is the difference between a graph’s level and its rate of change?

    Jibu

    Level is the plotted value; rate of change is the slope. A high line can still be falling.

  234. Kadi namba 234

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    How should you describe a statement's role in an argument?

    Jibu

    Describe what it does, not just what it says. It may support the conclusion, present an objection, answer that objection, or illustrate a principle.

  235. Kadi namba 235

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    What is P(A given B)?

    Jibu

    P(A and B) / P(B), provided P(B) > 0. Restrict the sample space to outcomes in B.

  236. Kadi namba 236

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    How should slope be compared across a graph?

    Jibu

    Use change in vertical value divided by change in horizontal value. Visual steepness is reliable only on the same scales.

  237. Kadi namba 237

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    A driver covers equal distances at 30 mph and 60 mph. Is the average speed 45 mph?

    Jibu

    No. Using 60 miles for each leg gives 120 miles in 3 hours, so the average speed is 40 mph.

  238. Kadi namba 238

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    What should you identify first when evaluating a plan?

    Jibu

    The plan's exact goal and success measure. A proposal can produce benefits yet still fail its stated objective.

  239. Kadi namba 239

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    What does a trend in a scatterplot establish?

    Jibu

    An association in the displayed data. It does not by itself establish causation or predict every individual point.

  240. Kadi namba 240

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    How can you strengthen a causal explanation?

    Jibu

    Rule out a credible alternative cause, support the proposed mechanism, or show the effect changes when the proposed cause changes.

  241. Kadi namba 241

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    How can an outlier affect a graphical trend?

    Jibu

    It can pull a summary line or average away from the main cluster. Check whether the claim concerns all points or the typical pattern.

  242. Kadi namba 242

    Swali

    Why do probabilities usually change when sampling without replacement?

    Jibu

    The sample space changes after each draw. Update both the favorable count and the total before multiplying conditional probabilities.

  243. Kadi namba 243

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    One value in an n-value set increases by d. How does the mean change?

    Jibu

    It increases by d/n because the total rises by d while the count stays fixed.

  244. Kadi namba 244

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    When does a counterexample weaken a claim?

    Jibu

    When the claim requires the counterexample not to exist. One genuine exception can defeat an absolute claim, but may barely affect a modest one.

  245. Kadi namba 245

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    What is the parity of the sum of two odd integers?

    Jibu

    Even. Each odd integer is one more than an even integer, so the two extra ones add to 2.

  246. Kadi namba 246

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    What can an aggregate graph hide?

    Jibu

    Differences among subgroups or periods. A stable total can coexist with large offsetting changes inside it.

  247. Kadi namba 247

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    When is interpolation reasonable on a graph?

    Jibu

    When the graph implies continuity between nearby points. Do not interpolate across separate categories.

  248. Kadi namba 248

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    What makes information relevant to evaluating an argument?

    Jibu

    It bears on the uncertain link the conclusion depends on. Interesting facts about the topic may still be logically irrelevant.

  249. Kadi namba 249

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    How precise should a value read from a graph be?

    Jibu

    Only as precise as the scale supports. Use a defensible interval when the mark falls between ticks.

  250. Kadi namba 250

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    Must a necessary assumption prove the conclusion?

    Jibu

    No. It only has to be required for the argument to work; it need not be enough to establish the conclusion on its own.

  251. Kadi namba 251

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    How do you multiply positive numbers written in scientific notation?

    Jibu

    Multiply the coefficients, add the powers of 10, then adjust the coefficient to be at least 1 and less than 10.

  252. Kadi namba 252

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    How should a graph-based decision be made?

    Jibu

    Translate the visual into values or bounds, then apply the stated rule. Do not decide from appearance alone.

  253. Kadi namba 253

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    When is backsolving from answer choices especially useful?

    Jibu

    When the choices are concrete values and direct algebra is slower than testing them in the original conditions.

  254. Kadi namba 254

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    How can axis scale distort a visual impression?

    Jibu

    Unequal intervals or a truncated baseline can magnify or compress differences. Use tick values, not apparent distance alone.

  255. Kadi namba 255

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    When should you combine two statements for an inference?

    Jibu

    When they share a term or relationship that creates a guaranteed consequence. Don't combine them through an unstated causal or statistical link.

  256. Kadi namba 256

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    When is a product of integers odd?

    Jibu

    Only when every factor is odd. One even factor makes the entire product even.

  257. Kadi namba 257

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    What often resolves two apparently conflicting results?

    Jibu

    A hidden difference in group, time, measurement, or conditions. The results may describe different slices of the situation.

  258. Kadi namba 258

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    How should equal distances on a logarithmic axis be interpreted?

    Jibu

    As equal multiplicative changes, not equal absolute changes. Read the labeled values before comparing gaps.

  259. Kadi namba 259

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    Why start with a middle answer choice when backsolving ordered options?

    Jibu

    Its result often eliminates half the choices at once when the relationship is monotonic.

  260. Kadi namba 260

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    What makes a Two-Part Analysis response complete?

    Jibu

    Both selections must satisfy their own column prompts under the same stem. Treat the pair as one submitted response.

  261. Kadi namba 261

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    What is an analogy doing when it supports a claim?

    Jibu

    It argues that because two cases share relevant features, a result or principle from one likely applies to the other.

  262. Kadi namba 262

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    How do you represent three consecutive odd integers?

    Jibu

    n, n + 2, and n + 4, where n is an odd integer.

  263. Kadi namba 263

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    What should you identify before solving Two-Part Analysis?

    Jibu

    The role of each column. One may ask for a condition while the other asks for a consequence or decision.

  264. Kadi namba 264

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    What values should you test first in a claim about an unspecified number?

    Jibu

    Test allowed categories that may behave differently: positive, negative, zero, fractional, and boundary values.

  265. Kadi namba 265

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    How can an unchanged bottleneck defeat a plan?

    Jibu

    Improving a nonlimiting step won't improve the final outcome if another constraint still controls it. Faster ordering doesn't help when production is already full.

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    Swali

    How does the shared stem affect the two parts?

    Jibu

    Its definitions and constraints apply to both. Keep them fixed while testing each column’s requirement.

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    How do you count the positive divisors of an integer greater than 1 from its prime factorization?

    Jibu

    Add 1 to each prime exponent, then multiply those results.

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    Swali

    In Two-Part Analysis, must the two selected entries be the same?

    Jibu

    In the current format, the two selected entries may be the same or different. A linkage in the stem determines whether you must reason through them jointly, not whether their values match.

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    What makes evidence for a general claim strong?

    Jibu

    It should be relevant and reliable and, if case-based, come from representative cases. More evidence isn't automatically better evidence.

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    How do you factor a difference of squares?

    Jibu

    Use x² − y² = (x − y)(x + y).

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    When should the two Two-Part Analysis selections be solved together?

    Jibu

    When one shared relationship constrains both. Test candidate pairs against that relationship instead of solving isolated fragments.

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    How can one counterexample evaluate a universal claim?

    Jibu

    One valid counterexample disproves a claim that is supposed to hold for every allowed value.

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    How does an alternative explanation weaken a conclusion?

    Jibu

    It shows that the evidence can be true without the proposed explanation being true. The alternative must account for the same result.

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    In Two-Part Analysis, how can one column help solve the other?

    Jibu

    A valid selection can narrow the remaining candidates when the parts share a constraint. Recheck the final pair in both columns.

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    How do you test whether x² + bx + c factors into integer binomials?

    Jibu

    Look for integers r and s with r + s = b and rs = c. If they exist, the factorization is (x + r)(x + s).

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    Which unknown should you evaluate first in a plan argument?

    Jibu

    A condition that could make the plan achieve or miss its goal. Focus on feasibility, response, costs, and side effects tied to that goal.

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    How should a trade-off between two measures be evaluated?

    Jibu

    Apply the stated priorities or limits. An option is better only relative to the rule, not because one measure is largest.

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    How can estimation screen answer choices before exact calculation?

    Jibu

    Approximate the expression's magnitude, then eliminate choices that are far too large or too small.

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    In a constrained-decision Two-Part Analysis problem, what should you check before comparing candidates?

    Jibu

    Check every hard constraint first. Discard any option that breaks a required limit, then compare only the feasible candidates.

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    What does a defensive assumption do?

    Jibu

    It rules out a threat that would break the argument. For example, a revenue plan may assume that its added costs won't exceed the new revenue.

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    What restriction applies when a variable appears in a denominator?

    Jibu

    Exclude every value that makes the denominator zero.

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    How does an objective differ from a constraint?

    Jibu

    A constraint determines what is allowed; an objective ranks the allowed options. Apply them in that order.

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    Which quick checks catch many Quant answer errors?

    Jibu

    Check the sign, units, allowed range, and rough size against the question's conditions.

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    What inference is safe from a statement about most members?

    Jibu

    More than half have the stated trait. You can't infer that all do, that any particular member does, or that most have another trait.

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    Swali

    How should a two-part threshold rule be handled?

    Jibu

    Translate each threshold with the correct inequality, including its boundary. Then test both selected values against it.

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    Where can one negative sign appear in a fraction without changing its value?

    Jibu

    Before the fraction, in the numerator, or in the denominator: −(a/b) = (−a)/b = a/(−b), provided b ≠ 0.

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    How does an argument choose between competing explanations?

    Jibu

    It presents evidence that one explanation handles better than the others, often by ruling out a rival prediction.

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    What is an efficient way to handle two linked algebraic targets?

    Jibu

    Express both in terms of one variable or invariant. Evaluate candidate values only after the relationship is clear.

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    How do you solve x² = c over the real numbers?

    Jibu

    If c > 0, x = ±√c; if c = 0, x = 0; if c < 0, there is no real solution.

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    What should you check when two selected quantities form a ratio?

    Jibu

    Order and scale. The ratio A:B is not interchangeable with B:A, and proportional pairs may all fit.

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    How does a positive proper fraction compare with 1?

    Jibu

    It is less than 1 because its numerator is smaller than its denominator.

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    Which side effects matter when evaluating a plan?

    Jibu

    Effects that change the plan's net result or work against its goal. A small unrelated inconvenience usually doesn't matter.

  293. Kadi namba 293

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    How should a two-part logical claim be tested?

    Jibu

    Separate the condition from the conclusion, then test whether each selected statement performs the requested role.

  294. Kadi namba 294

    Swali

    What is the solution pattern for |x| = a over the real numbers?

    Jibu

    If a > 0, x = ±a; if a = 0, x = 0; if a < 0, there is no real solution.

  295. Kadi namba 295

    Swali

    What unit check belongs in a two-part quantitative answer?

    Jibu

    Confirm that each selection has the unit requested by its column. Linked values may require different conversions.

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    Why does user response matter to a plan?

    Jibu

    The plan may depend on people adopting, following, or not avoiding it. Availability alone doesn't guarantee the needed behavior.

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    Swali

    A response rate rises from 40% to 50%. What are the percentage-point change and the relative percent increase?

    Jibu

    The increase is 10 percentage points and 25% relative to the original rate: (50 − 40) ÷ 40 = 0.25.

  298. Kadi namba 298

    Swali

    What is the final check for Two-Part Analysis?

    Jibu

    Read each column prompt with its chosen entry, then verify that the pair is jointly consistent with the stem.

  299. Kadi namba 299

    Swali

    For real x and y, what two linear cases are equivalent to x² = y²?

    Jibu

    x = y or x = −y.

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    How should benefits and costs be compared in a plan argument?

    Jibu

    By their net effect on the stated goal. A plan can create the intended benefit but still fail if its relevant costs are larger.

Abstract study workspace with blue number blocks, amber argument notes, and teal charts around a central light.

kadi 300

GMAT Flashcards: Quant, Verbal & Data Insights Decisions

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