GMAT Flashcards: Quant, Verbal & Data Insights Decisions
300 original flashcards for current-format GMAT Quant, Verbal, and Data Insights concepts, cues, and reusable decisions.
Despre acest pachet
GMAT Flashcards: Quant, Verbal & Data Insights Decisions
Build quick recall for the current GMAT with 300 original cards across Quantitative Reasoning, Verbal Reasoning, and Data Insights. The deck focuses on reusable concepts and decisions; full-length practice belongs in official or properly licensed question banks.
What the cards map
- Quant maps numeric forms, terms, rules, and formulas to their meaning, conditions, or use. Short scenarios ask for the operation, equation, or answer check that fits.
- Verbal maps passage and argument cues to purpose, scope, evidence, inference, reasoning flaws, and evaluation moves.
- Data Insights maps targets, constraints, source and display cues, metrics, and evidence states to the interpretation or decision they support. It covers Data Sufficiency, Multi-Source Reasoning, Table Analysis, Graphics Interpretation, and Two-Part Analysis.
Learning order
The mixed sequence keeps all three sections in rotation. Quant foundations come before algebra, models, and strategy checks; passage reading comes before argument evaluation; shared data literacy comes before the five Data Insights formats. Closely related prompts are spaced apart so one card does not cue the next.
Current-format boundary
This deck has no geometry lessons or formula drills, Sentence Correction, or the retired Integrated Reasoning section. It also excludes timing, scoring, test-center policy, full passages, large data sets, and response-pattern tricks.
Every card is an original compact concept or decision prompt. No official or competitor questions, answer choices, explanations, mark schemes, curriculum text, logos, or trade dress were copied or adapted. See the official GMAT exam content and Data Insights preparation guidance for the current exam boundary.
This is an independent, unofficial study resource. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by the Graduate Management Admission Council (GMAC). GMAT is used only to identify the exam.
Fișele din acest pachet
Fișa 1
Întrebare
Which numerator-and-denominator operation creates an equivalent fraction?
Răspuns
Multiply or divide the numerator and denominator by the same nonzero number. The fraction's value stays unchanged.
Fișa 2
Întrebare
What does data sufficiency ask you to determine?
Răspuns
Whether the information guarantees one answer. You usually don’t need to calculate that answer.
Fișa 3
Întrebare
How do you form a passage's main idea?
Răspuns
Combine the passage's central topic with its main claim about that topic. The answer should cover the whole passage at the right level.
Fișa 4
Întrebare
What does multiplying a decimal by 10ⁿ do when n is a positive integer?
Răspuns
It moves the decimal point n places to the right. Dividing by 10ⁿ moves it n places left.
Fișa 5
Întrebare
What makes information sufficient for a value question?
Răspuns
It forces exactly one value for the target. Different values that satisfy all conditions make it insufficient.
Fișa 6
Întrebare
How do you identify the passage's primary purpose?
Răspuns
Name what the author is doing with the topic: explaining, comparing, challenging, defending, or proposing. Keep content and action together.
Fișa 7
Întrebare
How do you find p percent of a quantity q?
Răspuns
Compute (p/100) × q. Translate “of” as multiplication.
Fișa 8
Întrebare
How can two valid cases prove insufficiency?
Răspuns
Make the cases produce different answers to the question. One clean counterexample pair is enough.
Fișa 9
Întrebare
How do you determine a paragraph's role?
Răspuns
Connect the paragraph to what comes before and after it. Decide whether it introduces, supports, qualifies, contrasts, applies, or concludes the larger discussion.
Fișa 10
Întrebare
A total of 45 is split in the ratio 2:3. What are the two parts?
Răspuns
18 and 27. The five ratio units are worth 45 ÷ 5 = 9 each.
Fișa 11
Întrebare
Why can an integer restriction change sufficiency?
Răspuns
It removes noninteger possibilities. A range containing many real numbers may contain only one integer.
Fișa 12
Întrebare
When is a product of signed factors negative?
Răspuns
Provided no factor is zero, an odd number of negative factors gives a negative product, while an even number gives a positive product. If any factor is zero, the product is zero.
Fișa 13
Întrebare
How should two data-sufficiency statements be tested initially?
Răspuns
Test each statement independently against the stem. Do not carry information from one statement into the other.
Fișa 14
Întrebare
What makes an integer greater than 1 prime?
Răspuns
It has exactly two positive divisors: 1 and itself.
Fișa 15
Întrebare
What should you do first on a detail question?
Răspuns
Return to the relevant lines and read their local context. Memory tends to preserve the topic while blurring qualifications.
Fișa 16
Întrebare
What is the divisibility rule for 2?
Răspuns
The last digit must be even: 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8.
Fișa 17
Întrebare
How do you test whether a fact is relevant?
Răspuns
Connect it to the requested target. A true fact that does not narrow the target adds no decision value.
Fișa 18
Întrebare
How far may a reading inference go beyond the text?
Răspuns
Only as far as the text strongly supports. Prefer the smallest justified step and reject claims needing outside knowledge.
Fișa 19
Întrebare
Why is prime factorization useful in GMAT arithmetic?
Răspuns
It exposes divisibility, factors, greatest common factors, least common multiples, and perfect powers.
Fișa 20
Întrebare
What must happen before quantities with different units are combined?
Răspuns
First confirm that their dimensions are compatible, then convert them to a common unit. Keep the unit attached through the calculation to catch mismatches.
Fișa 21
Întrebare
How do you apply a passage principle to a new case?
Răspuns
Extract the principle's required conditions, then test whether the new case has them. Surface similarity isn't enough.
Fișa 22
Întrebare
Which relationship connects distance, rate, and time?
Răspuns
Distance = rate × time. Rearrange only after the units are compatible.
Fișa 23
Întrebare
How do you find a least common multiple from prime factorizations?
Răspuns
Take every prime that appears, using the largest exponent present.
Fișa 24
Întrebare
How do you multiply powers with the same base?
Răspuns
Add the exponents: aᵐ × aⁿ = aᵐ⁺ⁿ.
Fișa 25
Întrebare
How is a weighted average computed?
Răspuns
Divide the total weighted value by the total weight. For groups, use group size as the weight unless another weight is given.
Fișa 26
Întrebare
What should a quick passage map record?
Răspuns
Each paragraph's role and major viewpoint, plus the passage's overall direction. Record structure, not a sentence-by-sentence summary.
Fișa 27
Întrebare
What does the principal square root symbol √x return?
Răspuns
For real x ≥ 0, it is the nonnegative number whose square is x. For example, √9 = 3, not ±3.
Fișa 28
Întrebare
When can bounds replace exact arithmetic?
Răspuns
When the bounds separate the viable decisions. Stop once every value in the interval leads to the same choice.
Fișa 29
Întrebare
How do you keep viewpoints separate?
Răspuns
Attach each claim to its speaker: author, critic, researcher, or group. Track agreement, disagreement, and any later qualification.
Fișa 30
Întrebare
How do “sum,” “product,” and “quotient” translate into algebra?
Răspuns
They mean addition, multiplication, and division, respectively.
Fișa 31
Întrebare
How do you reduce a fraction to lowest terms?
Răspuns
Divide the numerator and denominator by their greatest common factor.
Fișa 32
Întrebare
What evidence should determine the author's tone?
Răspuns
Evaluative words, qualifications, and the treatment of competing views. Topic alone doesn't establish approval, concern, or skepticism.
Fișa 33
Întrebare
When should rounding usually occur?
Răspuns
At the end, unless estimation already settles the decision. Early rounding can move a result across a cutoff.
Fișa 34
Întrebare
How do you convert a terminating decimal to a fraction?
Răspuns
Write the digits over the matching power of 10, then reduce. For example, 0.375 = 375/1000 = 3/8.
Fișa 35
Întrebare
When should you stop calculating in a sufficiency problem?
Răspuns
As soon as uniqueness is proved or disproved. More arithmetic cannot change the sufficiency decision.
Fișa 36
Întrebare
How do you spot an out-of-scope answer?
Răspuns
It introduces a person, period, cause, or consequence the passage doesn't address. Being reasonable doesn't make it textually supported.
Fișa 37
Întrebare
What is the percent-change formula?
Răspuns
For original > 0, percent change = (new − original) / original × 100%. Percent change from zero is undefined; negative baselines require context-specific interpretation.
Fișa 38
Întrebare
What makes information sufficient for a yes-or-no question?
Răspuns
It forces the same yes-or-no answer in every valid case. The underlying value may still vary.
Fișa 39
Întrebare
What preserves a ratio when its quantities are scaled?
Răspuns
Multiplying or dividing both terms by the same nonzero factor preserves the ratio.
Fișa 40
Întrebare
How do you reject a main-idea answer with the wrong scope?
Răspuns
Compare it with the whole passage. A detail-only answer is too narrow; a claim extending beyond the passage is too broad.
Fișa 41
Întrebare
Why should you track whether a variable is positive, negative, or zero?
Răspuns
Sign controls valid cases and operations. Squaring can hide sign, and division requires a nonzero denominator.
Fișa 42
Întrebare
How do you simplify subtraction of a negative number?
Răspuns
Change it to addition: a − (−b) = a + b.
Fișa 43
Întrebare
Whose purpose matters in a primary-purpose question?
Răspuns
The passage author's purpose. A theory or researcher may be described at length without representing what the author ultimately wants to do.
Fișa 44
Întrebare
When is the on-screen calculator most useful?
Răspuns
For tedious arithmetic after the setup is clear. It does not replace choosing the right relationship or denominator.
Fișa 45
Întrebare
In Data Sufficiency, what stem information applies when testing either statement?
Răspuns
Everything in the question stem. Stem facts remain active for each statement and for the combination.
Fișa 46
Întrebare
What is the divisibility rule for 3?
Răspuns
The sum of the digits must be divisible by 3.
Fișa 47
Întrebare
What does a transition paragraph often do?
Răspuns
It closes one line of thought and sets up the next. Its role depends on both sides, not only on its first sentence.
Fișa 48
Întrebare
When is a proxy measure useful?
Răspuns
When evidence shows it reliably tracks the target for the intended decision. Correlation may support prediction, but it proves neither causation nor suitability on its own.
Fișa 49
Întrebare
How do you find a greatest common factor from prime factorizations?
Răspuns
Take each shared prime to the smaller exponent.
Fișa 50
Întrebare
What is the arithmetic mean?
Răspuns
The sum of the values divided by the number of values.
Fișa 51
Întrebare
What units should a rate have?
Răspuns
One quantity per another, such as kilometers per hour. The denominator tells you what the rate is measured against.
Fișa 52
Întrebare
How do you divide powers with the same nonzero base?
Răspuns
Subtract the exponents: aᵐ ÷ aⁿ = aᵐ⁻ⁿ.
Fișa 53
Întrebare
What makes a paraphrase faithful to a passage detail?
Răspuns
It preserves the original meaning, scope, and certainty in different words. Shared keywords alone don't make it accurate.
Fișa 54
Întrebare
How do you recover a total from an average?
Răspuns
Total = average × number of values.
Fișa 55
Întrebare
How do you choose between two plausible reading inferences?
Răspuns
Choose the one with the tighter textual chain and fewer assumptions. Plausibility in the real world is secondary.
Fișa 56
Întrebare
What quick check can catch a calculator-entry error?
Răspuns
Estimate the order of magnitude and direction first. An exact result far outside that range deserves another look.
Fișa 57
Întrebare
How do you simplify a square root with a perfect-square factor?
Răspuns
Factor out the perfect square. For example, √72 = √(36 × 2) = 6√2.
Fișa 58
Întrebare
What makes a new example parallel to one in the passage?
Răspuns
The same logical relationship. Match cause, contrast, exception, or function rather than shared subject matter.
Fișa 59
Întrebare
When can work rates be added?
Răspuns
Add the stated constant rates when the workers operate simultaneously without interfering with one another. At 1/4 and 1/6 job per hour, together they complete 5/12 job per hour.
Fișa 60
Întrebare
What is the denominator in a percent comparison?
Răspuns
The stated reference value. “A as a percent of B” means A divided by B, then multiplied by 100.
Fișa 61
Întrebare
How do you translate “5 less than x”?
Răspuns
x − 5. The phrase “less than” reverses the spoken order.
Fișa 62
Întrebare
In Data Sufficiency, what should you check before testing values?
Răspuns
The full domain. Honor stated restrictions and implicit ones such as positive lengths or nonzero divisors before judging sufficiency.
Fișa 63
Întrebare
How do you add fractions with different denominators?
Răspuns
Rewrite them with a common denominator, then add the numerators. For example, 2/3 + 1/4 = 8/12 + 3/12 = 11/12.
Fișa 64
Întrebare
How do you distinguish description from argument in a passage?
Răspuns
Description presents what happened or what a view says; argument gives reasons to accept, reject, or revise a claim.
Fișa 65
Întrebare
How should you compare decimals with different lengths?
Răspuns
Append trailing zeros and compare place by place. For example, compare 0.47 with 0.4700, which are equal.
Fișa 66
Întrebare
How should combined statements be evaluated?
Răspuns
Intersect their constraints with the stem. The combination is sufficient only if every remaining case gives one answer.
Fișa 67
Întrebare
How do you find common ground between two viewpoints?
Răspuns
Look for the narrow claim both accept, even if they disagree about its cause, importance, or implications.
Fișa 68
Întrebare
How do you solve a proportion such as a/b = c/d?
Răspuns
Cross-multiply to get ad = bc, provided b and d are nonzero.
Fișa 69
Întrebare
How is average speed computed?
Răspuns
Total distance divided by total time. It is not usually the simple mean of the segment speeds.
Fișa 70
Întrebare
What does |x| represent?
Răspuns
The nonnegative distance from x to 0 on the number line.
Fișa 71
Întrebare
Why are strongly emotional tone descriptions often wrong?
Răspuns
They overstate measured academic prose. Match the answer's intensity to the author's actual language.
Fișa 72
Întrebare
What is the divisibility rule for 4?
Răspuns
The number formed by the last two digits must be divisible by 4.
Fișa 73
Întrebare
Can the ordinary percent-change formula be applied directly when the original value is zero or negative?
Răspuns
No. The ordinary GMAT rule assumes original > 0. Change from zero is undefined, and a negative baseline requires context-specific interpretation.
Fișa 74
Întrebare
Why can a true statement still be a wrong answer?
Răspuns
It may not answer the question asked. Check the task—main idea, detail, inference, role, or purpose—before checking truth.
Fișa 75
Întrebare
When must a weighted average lie between its component values?
Răspuns
When every weight is nonnegative and the total weight is positive. The average then lies between the smallest and largest component values.
Fișa 76
Întrebare
How do you express an integer n divided by d with remainder r?
Răspuns
n = dq + r, where q is an integer and 0 ≤ r < d for positive d.
Fișa 77
Întrebare
What does an inequality usually provide?
Răspuns
A range, not a unique value. It can still be sufficient if the question asks whether a threshold is crossed.
Fișa 78
Întrebare
How should you handle an EXCEPT detail prompt?
Răspuns
Verify four statements against the passage and select the one that isn't supported. Keep the reversed task visible while checking each choice.
Fișa 79
Întrebare
How should you set up a unit conversion?
Răspuns
Multiply by a conversion factor equal to 1, placing units so the unwanted unit cancels.
Fișa 80
Întrebare
Can two individually insufficient statements remain insufficient together?
Răspuns
Yes. They may repeat the same limitation or still leave multiple valid answers.
Fișa 81
Întrebare
For a positive base, how do you simplify a power raised to another power?
Răspuns
Multiply the exponents: (aᵐ)ⁿ = a^(mn).
Fișa 82
Întrebare
When can you infer that an author accepts a claim?
Răspuns
When the author endorses it directly or relies on it without distancing language. Merely reporting another person's view isn't endorsement.
Fișa 83
Întrebare
How should successive percentage changes be combined?
Răspuns
Multiply their factors. A 10% rise followed by a 10% fall gives 1.10 × 0.90 = 0.99, a 1% net fall.
Fișa 84
Întrebare
What are compatible numbers in estimation?
Răspuns
Nearby numbers chosen to make mental arithmetic easy, such as 203 ÷ 9.9 ≈ 200 ÷ 10 = 20.
Fișa 85
Întrebare
Which constraints are easy to overlook in a word problem?
Răspuns
Countability, positivity, distinctness, and capacity limits. Translate each noun and rule into a usable constraint.
Fișa 86
Întrebare
How do you state the exact disagreement between two viewpoints?
Răspuns
Identify one claim that one side accepts and the other rejects. Don't substitute a topic that only one side discusses.
Fișa 87
Întrebare
How do you represent three consecutive integers?
Răspuns
n, n + 1, and n + 2 for an integer n.
Fișa 88
Întrebare
How do percentage points differ from percent change?
Răspuns
Percentage points are the direct difference between percentages. Moving from 20% to 25% is 5 points and a 25% relative increase.
Fișa 89
Întrebare
What is a reversed-relationship trap?
Răspuns
It swaps cause and effect, support and conclusion, or the positions of two viewpoints while reusing familiar passage language.
Fișa 90
Întrebare
How do you multiply two fractions?
Răspuns
Multiply numerator by numerator and denominator by denominator, canceling common factors when convenient.
Fișa 91
Întrebare
How do direct and inverse proportion differ?
Răspuns
Direct:
y = kx; inverse:y = k/xforx ≠ 0.Fișa 92
Întrebare
How do you recover an original value after a percentage increase?
Răspuns
Divide the new value by the growth factor. After a 20% increase, original = new ÷ 1.20.
Fișa 93
Întrebare
When should absolute wording raise suspicion?
Răspuns
When the passage is qualified. Words such as always, never, entirely, and impossible require equally strong textual support.
Fișa 94
Întrebare
What should you identify first in Data Sufficiency?
Răspuns
The exact target and answer type. Decide whether the stem asks for a value, a comparison, or a yes-or-no result.
Fișa 95
Întrebare
What ending makes an integer divisible by 5 or by 10?
Răspuns
A last digit of 0 or 5 gives divisibility by 5; a last digit of 0 gives divisibility by 10.
Fișa 96
Întrebare
How should a Data Sufficiency condition be handled?
Răspuns
Translate it into a precise constraint before testing sufficiency. Keep it separate from the conclusion you want.
Fișa 97
Întrebare
How do you reject a half-right answer?
Răspuns
Test every part of it. One accurate clause can't rescue a second clause that distorts the passage or exceeds its scope.
Fișa 98
Întrebare
When you convert a positive measurement to a smaller linear unit, what happens to its numerical value?
Răspuns
It increases. Multiply by the number of smaller units in one larger unit.
Fișa 99
Întrebare
DS example: Is x > 5? Statement: x > 3. Is the statement sufficient?
Răspuns
No. Both x = 4 and x = 6 satisfy the statement, but they answer the stem differently.
Fișa 100
Întrebare
What is a⁰ when a is nonzero?
Răspuns
- The nonzero-base condition matters because 0⁰ is not assigned this rule.
Fișa 101
Întrebare
Which claim is the argument trying to establish?
Răspuns
The main conclusion. Find the claim supported by the other statements, then check that it answers the argument's central issue.
Fișa 102
Întrebare
When should the two statements be combined?
Răspuns
When neither statement is sufficient alone. Use both constraints at once and test the remaining possibilities.
Fișa 103
Întrebare
A positive number rounds to 8.2 to the nearest tenth. What interval contains it?
Răspuns
8.15 ≤ x < 8.25. The lower endpoint rounds up to 8.2; the upper endpoint rounds to 8.3.
Fișa 104
Întrebare
What should you check when the conclusion changes populations?
Răspuns
Whether the evidence applies to the new population. Results from volunteers, specialists, or one age group may not transfer to everyone.
Fișa 105
Întrebare
How should test values be chosen in Data Sufficiency?
Răspuns
Choose valid values that probe boundaries, signs, and distinct outcomes. Random easy values can miss the deciding case.
Fișa 106
Întrebare
How do you translate “A is 30% more than B”?
Răspuns
A = 1.30B. The percentage is based on B.
Fișa 107
Întrebare
When can one equation involving two variables be sufficient for a target?
Răspuns
When every valid solution gives the same target value, even if neither variable is unique. For example, x + y = 10 is sufficient to determine x + y.
Fișa 108
Întrebare
What does a correlation establish by itself?
Răspuns
Only that two things vary together. It doesn't establish which one causes the other or whether a third factor causes both.
Fișa 109
Întrebare
How do you divide by a nonzero fraction?
Răspuns
Multiply by its reciprocal. For example, 3/5 ÷ 2/7 = 3/5 × 7/2.
Fișa 110
Întrebare
Why is a ratio often insufficient for an absolute value?
Răspuns
A ratio fixes relative size but usually leaves the scale free. Many proportional pairs can share the same ratio.
Fișa 111
Întrebare
What is the divisibility rule for 9?
Răspuns
The sum of the digits must be divisible by 9.
Fișa 112
Întrebare
What matters most when applying a sample result to a population?
Răspuns
Representativeness. The sample must resemble the target population on traits that could affect the result.
Fișa 113
Întrebare
What should you check after solving a squared equation?
Răspuns
Check every allowed root. If positive and negative roots produce different target answers, the information is insufficient.
Fișa 114
Întrebare
What does a negative exponent mean?
Răspuns
It takes the reciprocal: a⁻ⁿ = 1/aⁿ for nonzero a.
Fișa 115
Întrebare
Which baseline makes a comparison informative?
Răspuns
The baseline relevant to the claim. Compare the outcome with what would otherwise have happened, not merely with an unrelated earlier figure.
Fișa 116
Întrebare
What risk appears when an equation factors into multiple branches?
Răspuns
Each branch may create valid cases. Test all branches against the stem before deciding sufficiency.
Fișa 117
Întrebare
How can you compare two positive fractions quickly?
Răspuns
Compare their cross-products. For a/b and c/d with positive denominators, compare ad with bc.
Fișa 118
Întrebare
What may be assumed from a Data Sufficiency diagram?
Răspuns
Only marked or stated facts. Do not infer scale, equality, perpendicularity, or midpoint status from appearance.
Fișa 119
Întrebare
What multiplier represents a p percent increase or decrease?
Răspuns
Use 1 + p/100 for an increase and 1 − p/100 for a decrease.
Fișa 120
Întrebare
Which statements count as evidence?
Răspuns
The statements offered as reasons to accept another claim. Evidence may be factual or assumed for the argument, even if it isn't proven in real life.
Fișa 121
Întrebare
Can a mean determine an individual observation?
Răspuns
Not by itself. A mean fixes the total, but different sets can have that total unless more constraints apply.
Fișa 122
Întrebare
What weakens a move from past evidence to a present claim?
Răspuns
A relevant change over time. New technology, prices, rules, or behavior can make the earlier evidence a poor guide.
Fișa 123
Întrebare
A value becomes 96 after a 20% increase. What was the original value?
Răspuns
- Divide the final value by the growth multiplier: 96 ÷ 1.2 = 80.
Fișa 124
Întrebare
How do extreme valid cases help in Data Sufficiency?
Răspuns
They expose whether the target can change. Test the smallest, largest, or boundary cases allowed by the conditions.
Fișa 125
Întrebare
How do you test for reverse causation?
Răspuns
Ask whether the alleged effect could instead cause the alleged cause. Productive teams may meet more because they are productive, not the reverse.
Fișa 126
Întrebare
Must a sufficient statement make every variable unique?
Răspuns
No. It only needs to make the requested target unique, even if other variables remain undetermined.
Fișa 127
Întrebare
A price rises 20% and then falls 20%. Does it return to its original value?
Răspuns
No. The multipliers give 1.20 × 0.80 = 0.96, so the final price is 4% below the original.
Fișa 128
Întrebare
Why can a voluntary survey be biased?
Răspuns
People who choose to respond may differ from those who don't. Strong opinions or extra interest can distort the sample.
Fișa 129
Întrebare
How do you expand a(b + c)?
Răspuns
ab + ac. The outside factor multiplies every term inside the parentheses.
Fișa 130
Întrebare
What should the final Data Sufficiency decision describe?
Răspuns
Which information set guarantees an answer. It should not report the target’s numerical value.
Fișa 131
Întrebare
What is the goal when solving a linear equation?
Răspuns
Isolate the variable by applying equivalent operations to both sides.
Fișa 132
Întrebare
DS example: Is integer n even? Statement: n = 7. Is the statement sufficient?
Răspuns
Yes. It guarantees one answer—no. A statement can be sufficient even when that answer is negative.
Fișa 133
Întrebare
When must an inequality sign reverse?
Răspuns
When both sides are multiplied or divided by a negative number.
Fișa 134
Întrebare
What must be checked before comparing two groups?
Răspuns
Whether they differ in other relevant ways. Age, experience, starting level, or incentives may explain the outcome instead.
Fișa 135
Întrebare
When is substitution preferable to elimination in a two-equation system?
Răspuns
Use substitution when one variable is already isolated or easy to isolate; use elimination when coefficients cancel easily.
Fișa 136
Întrebare
What should you build before analyzing Multi-Source Reasoning material?
Răspuns
A quick source map. Note what each tab or document contains, who produced it, and the relevant date or scope.
Fișa 137
Întrebare
How do you separate background from evidence?
Răspuns
Ask whether the statement supports a claim. Background sets context; evidence does logical work in moving the argument toward a conclusion.
Fișa 138
Întrebare
Which algebraic terms can be combined?
Răspuns
Terms with the same variable part and exponents. For example, 3x² and −5x² combine, but 3x² and 3x do not.
Fișa 139
Întrebare
When should you read the Multi-Source Reasoning question?
Răspuns
Before a deep read of every source. The question tells you which details deserve attention.
Fișa 140
Întrebare
What is a reliable first step for an equation containing several fractions?
Răspuns
Multiply every term by the least common denominator, then solve the simpler equation.
Fișa 141
Întrebare
Why does source provenance matter?
Răspuns
It defines what a claim can support. An internal forecast and an audited result do not carry the same evidentiary weight.
Fișa 142
Întrebare
What should you test when evidence comes from a different setting?
Răspuns
Whether the settings differ in a way that affects the result. A finding from one market, school, or climate may not carry over unchanged.
Fișa 143
Întrebare
What does an “and” compound inequality require?
Răspuns
The overlap of both solution sets. A value must satisfy both conditions.
Fișa 144
Întrebare
What should you compare before combining claims from two sources?
Răspuns
Their population, period, units, and definitions. Matching labels can hide different scopes.
Fișa 145
Întrebare
How can a third factor undermine a causal claim?
Răspuns
It may explain both events, so their correlation no longer establishes a direct causal link by itself. Hot weather can raise both cold-drink sales and pool attendance.
Fișa 146
Întrebare
What do one, zero, or infinitely many solutions mean for two linear equations in two variables?
Răspuns
The lines intersect once, are parallel and distinct, or are the same line, respectively.
Fișa 147
Întrebare
How should records from separate sources be linked?
Răspuns
Use a shared key with the same meaning in both sources, such as product code and month. Do not join on a vague label alone.
Fișa 148
Întrebare
How do you factor 6x + 9?
Răspuns
3(2x + 3). Pull out the greatest common factor.
Fișa 149
Întrebare
When does nonresponse threaten a survey result?
Răspuns
When nonrespondents may answer differently from respondents. A high response count doesn't fix a systematic missing group.
Fișa 150
Întrebare
What is the first step when two sources seem inconsistent?
Răspuns
Compare definitions, dates, units, and aggregation levels. Many apparent conflicts come from mismatched frames.
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Fișa 151
Întrebare
When can you use the zero-product property?
Răspuns
After rewriting a product equal to zero. If (x − 2)(x + 5) = 0, then x = 2 or x = −5.
Fișa 152
Întrebare
How does an inference differ from a stated fact?
Răspuns
A fact appears directly in a source; an inference must follow from the sources without an extra assumption.
Fișa 153
Întrebare
Does a higher percentage by itself prove a higher count?
Răspuns
No. The underlying totals matter. Twenty percent of 1,000 is more than fifty percent of 100.
Fișa 154
Întrebare
What does an “or” compound inequality require?
Răspuns
The union of the solution sets. A value may satisfy either condition or both.
Fișa 155
Întrebare
What does a blank or omitted value establish?
Răspuns
Only that the value is not provided. It does not establish zero, no change, or failure.
Fișa 156
Întrebare
How do you recognize an intermediate conclusion?
Răspuns
It is supported by one claim and supports another. It acts as both a conclusion and a premise in the same argument.
Fișa 157
Întrebare
What should you do before writing equations for a two-quantity word problem?
Răspuns
Define each variable with its unit, then translate one independent relationship per equation.
Fișa 158
Întrebare
Why should cross-source events be placed in time order?
Răspuns
Sequence separates prior conditions from later outcomes and prevents using future information as an earlier cause.
Fișa 159
Întrebare
When should candidate solutions be checked in the original equation?
Răspuns
Always after a step that may introduce solutions, especially squaring both sides or clearing variable denominators.
Fișa 160
Întrebare
How can switching from one measured outcome to another create a gap?
Răspuns
Evidence about one metric may not support a conclusion about another. More website visits, for example, don't by themselves mean more sales.
Fișa 161
Întrebare
What makes a source relevant to a claim?
Răspuns
It supplies evidence for a required link in the claim. Related background alone is not enough.
Fișa 162
Întrebare
How do you solve a factored polynomial inequality reliably?
Răspuns
Find the zeros, split the number line into intervals, and test each interval's sign. Include a zero only when equality is allowed.
Fișa 163
Întrebare
Does happening first prove causation?
Răspuns
No. The timing may fit a causal story, but coincidence or another cause can still explain the later event.
Fișa 164
Întrebare
How can you spot an unsupported cross-source conclusion?
Răspuns
Identify the bridge between evidence and conclusion. If the sources never establish that bridge, the conclusion needs an assumption.
Fișa 165
Întrebare
What do 0 = 0 and 0 = 5 mean after simplifying an equation?
Răspuns
0 = 0 means every allowed value is a solution; 0 = 5 means there is no solution.
Fișa 166
Întrebare
What should you verify before comparing figures from different sources?
Răspuns
Common units and denominators. Convert first, then compare the same quantity on the same basis.
Fișa 167
Întrebare
How do you interpret |x − a| < r when r is positive?
Răspuns
x is within r units of a: a − r < x < a + r.
Fișa 168
Întrebare
What can a larger sample improve?
Răspuns
Precision, if the sampling method is sound. A huge biased sample can still give a confidently wrong picture of the population.
Fișa 169
Întrebare
How should a cross-source recommendation be evaluated?
Răspuns
Apply the stated decision rule to the combined evidence. Do not substitute a personal preference for the rule.
Fișa 170
Întrebare
If a worker finishes one job in t hours, what is the worker's hourly rate?
Răspuns
1/t of the job per hour.
Fișa 171
Întrebare
What can an average hide?
Răspuns
The distribution. Two groups can share an average while differing sharply in range, concentration, or the number of extreme values.
Fișa 172
Întrebare
What should you confirm before submitting a Multi-Source Reasoning answer?
Răspuns
That every required part is supported by the correct source and scope. One unsupported component can invalidate the whole decision.
Fișa 173
Întrebare
How do you find the amount of a pure component in a mixture?
Răspuns
Concentration × total mixture amount. A 30% solution with volume 20 contains 0.30 × 20 = 6 units of the component.
Fișa 174
Întrebare
What role does a concession usually play?
Răspuns
It acknowledges a point that weighs against the conclusion, then answers that point or limits its relevance. Don't mistake the conceded claim for the argument's main conclusion.
Fișa 175
Întrebare
When can an apparent cross-source discrepancy be resolved?
Răspuns
When a stated difference in scope or method explains both figures. If no bridge is given, keep the conflict open.
Fișa 176
Întrebare
What is the two-set overlap formula?
Răspuns
In A or B = in A + in B − in both. Subtract the overlap because it was counted twice.
Fișa 177
Întrebare
What should you identify first in Table Analysis?
Răspuns
The row unit, column definitions, and any notes. This establishes what one record and each value represent.
Fișa 178
Întrebare
What is the fundamental counting principle?
Răspuns
Multiply the choices at successive stages when each stage has a fixed number of available choices.
Fișa 179
Întrebare
Why distinguish relative change from absolute change?
Răspuns
Relative change is the percentage change; absolute change is the amount added or lost. A 50% rise from 2 adds 1, while a 10% rise from 1,000 adds 100.
Fișa 180
Întrebare
How should a table filter be translated?
Răspuns
Turn it into an exact inclusion rule. Apply every condition before counting or comparing rows.
Fișa 181
Întrebare
For equally likely outcomes, what is the basic probability formula?
Răspuns
Favorable outcomes divided by total possible outcomes.
Fișa 182
Întrebare
What makes a proposed causal mechanism useful?
Răspuns
It explains how the cause could produce the effect. A plausible, evidence-backed mechanism strengthens the causal link.
Fișa 183
Întrebare
How do you find the median?
Răspuns
Order the values and take the middle value; for an even count, average the two middle values.
Fișa 184
Întrebare
How should numeric values be sorted?
Răspuns
By numerical value, not digit order. For example, 12 comes after 9 in ascending order.
Fișa 185
Întrebare
What is missed when evidence includes only successful cases?
Răspuns
The failures. Studying only surviving firms can make a strategy look safer or more effective than it is.
Fișa 186
Întrebare
Two machines have stated constant rates of 1/3 and 1/5 job per hour and operate simultaneously without interference. May their rates be added?
Răspuns
Yes. The stated rates are constant and the machines do not interfere, so their combined rate is 1/3 + 1/5 = 8/15 job per hour.
Fișa 187
Întrebare
How should a table ratio be built when filters are involved?
Răspuns
Derive the numerator and denominator separately from the question, then apply each filter only where it is relevant. Do not automatically filter both quantities or default to all rows.
Fișa 188
Întrebare
What quantity is conserved when two solutions are mixed without loss?
Răspuns
The amount of the pure component. Set the sum of the starting component amounts equal to the final component amount.
Fișa 189
Întrebare
When may table rows be added directly?
Răspuns
Only when they are disjoint parts of the same measure and use compatible units. Overlapping groups would be double-counted.
Fișa 190
Întrebare
What does n! mean for a positive integer n?
Răspuns
The product of the positive integers from 1 through n.
Fișa 191
Întrebare
Where is the argument's logical gap?
Răspuns
Between the evidence and the conclusion. State what must connect them without merely repeating either side.
Fișa 192
Întrebare
How do you find the number in neither of two sets?
Răspuns
Subtract the number in the union from the total population.
Fișa 193
Întrebare
How should rates from table groups be combined?
Răspuns
Divide the total numerator by the total denominator. Weight a group rate by its group size only when that size is the rate's denominator.
Fișa 194
Întrebare
What is wrong with moving from some cases to all cases?
Răspuns
The conclusion is broader than the evidence. Evidence that some members have a trait doesn't show that every member does.
Fișa 195
Întrebare
When should you use a permutation?
Răspuns
When selecting and arranging items and order matters. The number of ordered selections of r from n distinct items is n!/(n − r)!.
Fișa 196
Întrebare
Why does table granularity matter?
Răspuns
A row-level fact may disappear or change after aggregation. Match the claim to the table’s level of detail.
Fișa 197
Întrebare
How do you find the probability that an event does not occur?
Răspuns
1 − P(event). This is often the quickest route for “at least one” questions.
Fișa 198
Întrebare
Why does a comparable control group help test causation?
Răspuns
It shows what happened without the suspected cause. If the groups differ mainly in that factor, the result is harder to explain another way.
Fișa 199
Întrebare
How should missing table entries be treated?
Răspuns
As unknown unless the notes define another meaning. Exclude or include them only as the question directs.
Fișa 200
Întrebare
What is the mode of a data set?
Răspuns
A mode is any value with the greatest frequency. Under the no-mode convention, there is no mode only when at least two distinct values all have equal frequency.
Fișa 201
Întrebare
What makes a table comparison valid?
Răspuns
The values must have compatible measures, units, periods, populations, and definitions. Normalize only validly convertible differences; reject differences in population, period, or definition that cannot be reconciled.
Fișa 202
Întrebare
What should you check when a prediction extends a past pattern?
Răspuns
Whether the conditions behind the past pattern will continue. A trend alone doesn't show that its causes will remain in place.
Fișa 203
Întrebare
How should a drain or other undoing process enter a work-rate equation?
Răspuns
As a negative rate. Add productive rates and subtract rates that reverse the work.
Fișa 204
Întrebare
How can you avoid losing your place while scanning a table?
Răspuns
Evaluate one condition at a time and mark qualifying rows mentally or on the scratchpad. Count only after the final filter.
Fișa 205
Întrebare
Can evidence that an outcome is possible show it is likely?
Răspuns
No. Possibility only shows that an outcome can occur; probability requires evidence about how likely it is.
Fișa 206
Întrebare
What correction is needed when counting the union of three sets?
Răspuns
Add the three individual counts, subtract all three pairwise overlaps, then add the triple overlap back once.
Fișa 207
Întrebare
When does a filtered table support a decision?
Răspuns
When the qualifying rows satisfy the stated rule. Keep filtering, calculation, and decision as separate steps.
Fișa 208
Întrebare
When should you use a combination?
Răspuns
When selecting items and order does not matter. The number of selections of r from n distinct items is n!/[r!(n − r)!].
Fișa 209
Întrebare
What must support a recommendation?
Răspuns
A link from the proposed action to the stated goal. The argument also needs the action to be feasible and free of costs that defeat the goal.
Fișa 210
Întrebare
How do AND and OR change a table filter?
Răspuns
AND requires every condition; OR requires at least one. Parenthesize mixed rules before scanning rows.
Fișa 211
Întrebare
How do you find the probability that independent events both occur?
Răspuns
Multiply their probabilities: P(A and B) = P(A) × P(B).
Fișa 212
Întrebare
What can make an alphabetical sort misleading?
Răspuns
Labels may contain categories or embedded numbers. Confirm whether the column is text, numeric, or chronological.
Fișa 213
Întrebare
What kind of fact most directly strengthens an argument?
Răspuns
A fact that supports the missing link between evidence and conclusion. Merely repeating a premise adds little.
Fișa 214
Întrebare
What is the range of a data set?
Răspuns
Maximum value minus minimum value.
Fișa 215
Întrebare
What should you check at a filter cutoff?
Răspuns
Whether the boundary is inclusive. “At least 40” includes 40; “more than 40” does not.
Fișa 216
Întrebare
A train covers 150 miles in 3 hours at a constant rate. What is its rate?
Răspuns
50 miles per hour. Rearrange distance = rate × time to get rate = 150 ÷ 3.
Fișa 217
Întrebare
What is the most direct way to weaken an argument?
Răspuns
Undermine a necessary assumption connecting the evidence to the conclusion. The premises can remain true while the conclusion loses support.
Fișa 218
Întrebare
What does a tie in the sorted column imply?
Răspuns
The tied rows share rank on that measure. Their display order does not create a performance difference.
Fișa 219
Întrebare
How do you identify a useful evaluation question?
Răspuns
Test whether opposite answers would push the argument in opposite directions. If both answers leave the conclusion unchanged, the question isn't useful.
Fișa 220
Întrebare
What should you identify first in Graphics Interpretation?
Răspuns
The chart type and what each visual encoding represents. Bars, lines, areas, and points support different readings.
Fișa 221
Întrebare
How do repeated identical items affect arrangement counts?
Răspuns
For n total items, divide n! by the factorial of each repeated count. Identical items do not create new arrangements when swapped.
Fișa 222
Întrebare
What should you read before estimating a plotted value?
Răspuns
Both axis labels, units, and category order. Position has meaning only after the axes are understood.
Fișa 223
Întrebare
How do you test whether a statement is a necessary assumption?
Răspuns
Negate it. If that negation seriously damages the argument, the original statement was necessary.
Fișa 224
Întrebare
How do you find the probability that one of two mutually exclusive events occurs?
Răspuns
Add their probabilities: P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B). Their overlap is zero.
Fișa 225
Întrebare
What should you verify in a chart legend?
Răspuns
Which color, shape, or line maps to each series. Similar styling can otherwise swap the groups in your interpretation.
Fișa 226
Întrebare
What does standard deviation measure?
Răspuns
How spread out values are around the mean. Greater dispersion means a larger standard deviation.
Fișa 227
Întrebare
What standard should an inference meet?
Răspuns
It must follow from the given statements, without extra assumptions. Choose the modest claim the evidence guarantees.
Fișa 228
Întrebare
What does a segment’s share depend on?
Răspuns
The correct whole. A category’s share of one region may differ from its share of the full dataset.
Fișa 229
Întrebare
For motion along the same line, when do you add or subtract two speeds to get relative speed?
Răspuns
Add the speeds for opposite directions; subtract the smaller speed from the larger for the same direction.
Fișa 230
Întrebare
What must a paradox explanation accomplish?
Răspuns
Make both surprising facts plausible at the same time. Rejecting either stated fact doesn't resolve the tension.
Fișa 231
Întrebare
How is a segment in a stacked bar measured?
Răspuns
Subtract its lower boundary from its upper boundary. The upper endpoint alone is cumulative, not the segment value.
Fișa 232
Întrebare
Eight students average 70 and twelve students average 80. What is the combined mean?
Răspuns
- The group sizes are the weights: (8 × 70 + 12 × 80) ÷ 20 = 76.
Fișa 233
Întrebare
What is the difference between a graph’s level and its rate of change?
Răspuns
Level is the plotted value; rate of change is the slope. A high line can still be falling.
Fișa 234
Întrebare
How should you describe a statement's role in an argument?
Răspuns
Describe what it does, not just what it says. It may support the conclusion, present an objection, answer that objection, or illustrate a principle.
Fișa 235
Întrebare
What is P(A given B)?
Răspuns
P(A and B) / P(B), provided P(B) > 0. Restrict the sample space to outcomes in B.
Fișa 236
Întrebare
How should slope be compared across a graph?
Răspuns
Use change in vertical value divided by change in horizontal value. Visual steepness is reliable only on the same scales.
Fișa 237
Întrebare
A driver covers equal distances at 30 mph and 60 mph. Is the average speed 45 mph?
Răspuns
No. Using 60 miles for each leg gives 120 miles in 3 hours, so the average speed is 40 mph.
Fișa 238
Întrebare
What should you identify first when evaluating a plan?
Răspuns
The plan's exact goal and success measure. A proposal can produce benefits yet still fail its stated objective.
Fișa 239
Întrebare
What does a trend in a scatterplot establish?
Răspuns
An association in the displayed data. It does not by itself establish causation or predict every individual point.
Fișa 240
Întrebare
How can you strengthen a causal explanation?
Răspuns
Rule out a credible alternative cause, support the proposed mechanism, or show the effect changes when the proposed cause changes.
Fișa 241
Întrebare
How can an outlier affect a graphical trend?
Răspuns
It can pull a summary line or average away from the main cluster. Check whether the claim concerns all points or the typical pattern.
Fișa 242
Întrebare
Why do probabilities usually change when sampling without replacement?
Răspuns
The sample space changes after each draw. Update both the favorable count and the total before multiplying conditional probabilities.
Fișa 243
Întrebare
One value in an n-value set increases by d. How does the mean change?
Răspuns
It increases by d/n because the total rises by d while the count stays fixed.
Fișa 244
Întrebare
When does a counterexample weaken a claim?
Răspuns
When the claim requires the counterexample not to exist. One genuine exception can defeat an absolute claim, but may barely affect a modest one.
Fișa 245
Întrebare
What is the parity of the sum of two odd integers?
Răspuns
Even. Each odd integer is one more than an even integer, so the two extra ones add to 2.
Fișa 246
Întrebare
What can an aggregate graph hide?
Răspuns
Differences among subgroups or periods. A stable total can coexist with large offsetting changes inside it.
Fișa 247
Întrebare
When is interpolation reasonable on a graph?
Răspuns
When the graph implies continuity between nearby points. Do not interpolate across separate categories.
Fișa 248
Întrebare
What makes information relevant to evaluating an argument?
Răspuns
It bears on the uncertain link the conclusion depends on. Interesting facts about the topic may still be logically irrelevant.
Fișa 249
Întrebare
How precise should a value read from a graph be?
Răspuns
Only as precise as the scale supports. Use a defensible interval when the mark falls between ticks.
Fișa 250
Întrebare
Must a necessary assumption prove the conclusion?
Răspuns
No. It only has to be required for the argument to work; it need not be enough to establish the conclusion on its own.
Fișa 251
Întrebare
How do you multiply positive numbers written in scientific notation?
Răspuns
Multiply the coefficients, add the powers of 10, then adjust the coefficient to be at least 1 and less than 10.
Fișa 252
Întrebare
How should a graph-based decision be made?
Răspuns
Translate the visual into values or bounds, then apply the stated rule. Do not decide from appearance alone.
Fișa 253
Întrebare
When is backsolving from answer choices especially useful?
Răspuns
When the choices are concrete values and direct algebra is slower than testing them in the original conditions.
Fișa 254
Întrebare
How can axis scale distort a visual impression?
Răspuns
Unequal intervals or a truncated baseline can magnify or compress differences. Use tick values, not apparent distance alone.
Fișa 255
Întrebare
When should you combine two statements for an inference?
Răspuns
When they share a term or relationship that creates a guaranteed consequence. Don't combine them through an unstated causal or statistical link.
Fișa 256
Întrebare
When is a product of integers odd?
Răspuns
Only when every factor is odd. One even factor makes the entire product even.
Fișa 257
Întrebare
What often resolves two apparently conflicting results?
Răspuns
A hidden difference in group, time, measurement, or conditions. The results may describe different slices of the situation.
Fișa 258
Întrebare
How should equal distances on a logarithmic axis be interpreted?
Răspuns
As equal multiplicative changes, not equal absolute changes. Read the labeled values before comparing gaps.
Fișa 259
Întrebare
Why start with a middle answer choice when backsolving ordered options?
Răspuns
Its result often eliminates half the choices at once when the relationship is monotonic.
Fișa 260
Întrebare
What makes a Two-Part Analysis response complete?
Răspuns
Both selections must satisfy their own column prompts under the same stem. Treat the pair as one submitted response.
Fișa 261
Întrebare
What is an analogy doing when it supports a claim?
Răspuns
It argues that because two cases share relevant features, a result or principle from one likely applies to the other.
Fișa 262
Întrebare
How do you represent three consecutive odd integers?
Răspuns
n, n + 2, and n + 4, where n is an odd integer.
Fișa 263
Întrebare
What should you identify before solving Two-Part Analysis?
Răspuns
The role of each column. One may ask for a condition while the other asks for a consequence or decision.
Fișa 264
Întrebare
What values should you test first in a claim about an unspecified number?
Răspuns
Test allowed categories that may behave differently: positive, negative, zero, fractional, and boundary values.
Fișa 265
Întrebare
How can an unchanged bottleneck defeat a plan?
Răspuns
Improving a nonlimiting step won't improve the final outcome if another constraint still controls it. Faster ordering doesn't help when production is already full.
Fișa 266
Întrebare
How does the shared stem affect the two parts?
Răspuns
Its definitions and constraints apply to both. Keep them fixed while testing each column’s requirement.
Fișa 267
Întrebare
How do you count the positive divisors of an integer greater than 1 from its prime factorization?
Răspuns
Add 1 to each prime exponent, then multiply those results.
Fișa 268
Întrebare
In Two-Part Analysis, must the two selected entries be the same?
Răspuns
In the current format, the two selected entries may be the same or different. A linkage in the stem determines whether you must reason through them jointly, not whether their values match.
Fișa 269
Întrebare
What makes evidence for a general claim strong?
Răspuns
It should be relevant and reliable and, if case-based, come from representative cases. More evidence isn't automatically better evidence.
Fișa 270
Întrebare
How do you factor a difference of squares?
Răspuns
Use x² − y² = (x − y)(x + y).
Fișa 271
Întrebare
When should the two Two-Part Analysis selections be solved together?
Răspuns
When one shared relationship constrains both. Test candidate pairs against that relationship instead of solving isolated fragments.
Fișa 272
Întrebare
How can one counterexample evaluate a universal claim?
Răspuns
One valid counterexample disproves a claim that is supposed to hold for every allowed value.
Fișa 273
Întrebare
How does an alternative explanation weaken a conclusion?
Răspuns
It shows that the evidence can be true without the proposed explanation being true. The alternative must account for the same result.
Fișa 274
Întrebare
In Two-Part Analysis, how can one column help solve the other?
Răspuns
A valid selection can narrow the remaining candidates when the parts share a constraint. Recheck the final pair in both columns.
Fișa 275
Întrebare
How do you test whether x² + bx + c factors into integer binomials?
Răspuns
Look for integers r and s with r + s = b and rs = c. If they exist, the factorization is (x + r)(x + s).
Fișa 276
Întrebare
Which unknown should you evaluate first in a plan argument?
Răspuns
A condition that could make the plan achieve or miss its goal. Focus on feasibility, response, costs, and side effects tied to that goal.
Fișa 277
Întrebare
How should a trade-off between two measures be evaluated?
Răspuns
Apply the stated priorities or limits. An option is better only relative to the rule, not because one measure is largest.
Fișa 278
Întrebare
How can estimation screen answer choices before exact calculation?
Răspuns
Approximate the expression's magnitude, then eliminate choices that are far too large or too small.
Fișa 279
Întrebare
In a constrained-decision Two-Part Analysis problem, what should you check before comparing candidates?
Răspuns
Check every hard constraint first. Discard any option that breaks a required limit, then compare only the feasible candidates.
Fișa 280
Întrebare
What does a defensive assumption do?
Răspuns
It rules out a threat that would break the argument. For example, a revenue plan may assume that its added costs won't exceed the new revenue.
Fișa 281
Întrebare
What restriction applies when a variable appears in a denominator?
Răspuns
Exclude every value that makes the denominator zero.
Fișa 282
Întrebare
How does an objective differ from a constraint?
Răspuns
A constraint determines what is allowed; an objective ranks the allowed options. Apply them in that order.
Fișa 283
Întrebare
Which quick checks catch many Quant answer errors?
Răspuns
Check the sign, units, allowed range, and rough size against the question's conditions.
Fișa 284
Întrebare
What inference is safe from a statement about most members?
Răspuns
More than half have the stated trait. You can't infer that all do, that any particular member does, or that most have another trait.
Fișa 285
Întrebare
How should a two-part threshold rule be handled?
Răspuns
Translate each threshold with the correct inequality, including its boundary. Then test both selected values against it.
Fișa 286
Întrebare
Where can one negative sign appear in a fraction without changing its value?
Răspuns
Before the fraction, in the numerator, or in the denominator: −(a/b) = (−a)/b = a/(−b), provided b ≠ 0.
Fișa 287
Întrebare
How does an argument choose between competing explanations?
Răspuns
It presents evidence that one explanation handles better than the others, often by ruling out a rival prediction.
Fișa 288
Întrebare
What is an efficient way to handle two linked algebraic targets?
Răspuns
Express both in terms of one variable or invariant. Evaluate candidate values only after the relationship is clear.
Fișa 289
Întrebare
How do you solve x² = c over the real numbers?
Răspuns
If c > 0, x = ±√c; if c = 0, x = 0; if c < 0, there is no real solution.
Fișa 290
Întrebare
What should you check when two selected quantities form a ratio?
Răspuns
Order and scale. The ratio A:B is not interchangeable with B:A, and proportional pairs may all fit.
Fișa 291
Întrebare
How does a positive proper fraction compare with 1?
Răspuns
It is less than 1 because its numerator is smaller than its denominator.
Fișa 292
Întrebare
Which side effects matter when evaluating a plan?
Răspuns
Effects that change the plan's net result or work against its goal. A small unrelated inconvenience usually doesn't matter.
Fișa 293
Întrebare
How should a two-part logical claim be tested?
Răspuns
Separate the condition from the conclusion, then test whether each selected statement performs the requested role.
Fișa 294
Întrebare
What is the solution pattern for |x| = a over the real numbers?
Răspuns
If a > 0, x = ±a; if a = 0, x = 0; if a < 0, there is no real solution.
Fișa 295
Întrebare
What unit check belongs in a two-part quantitative answer?
Răspuns
Confirm that each selection has the unit requested by its column. Linked values may require different conversions.
Fișa 296
Întrebare
Why does user response matter to a plan?
Răspuns
The plan may depend on people adopting, following, or not avoiding it. Availability alone doesn't guarantee the needed behavior.
Fișa 297
Întrebare
A response rate rises from 40% to 50%. What are the percentage-point change and the relative percent increase?
Răspuns
The increase is 10 percentage points and 25% relative to the original rate: (50 − 40) ÷ 40 = 0.25.
Fișa 298
Întrebare
What is the final check for Two-Part Analysis?
Răspuns
Read each column prompt with its chosen entry, then verify that the pair is jointly consistent with the stem.
Fișa 299
Întrebare
For real x and y, what two linear cases are equivalent to x² = y²?
Răspuns
x = y or x = −y.
Fișa 300
Întrebare
How should benefits and costs be compared in a plan argument?
Răspuns
By their net effect on the stated goal. A plan can create the intended benefit but still fail if its relevant costs are larger.
300 de fișe
GMAT Flashcards: Quant, Verbal & Data Insights Decisions
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