TOEFL iBT Flashcards: 12 Task Types, Vocabulary & Strategy

Study the 12 current TOEFL iBT task types with 180 original cards on vocabulary, sentence patterns, task decisions, and reusable strategy cues.

Informazioni su questo mazzo

The TOEFL iBT changed worldwide on January 21, 2026. This independently written English deck gives you a compact active-recall layer for the current format: 180 cards across all 12 Reading, Listening, Writing, and Speaking task types.

Reviewed for the 2026 TOEFL iBT format.

What the cards ask you to retrieve

  • current task name → format and skill being measured
  • partial word or short original context → spelling, meaning, or word form
  • sentence cue → grammatical structure
  • original scenario or common miss pattern → the next useful decision
  • communicative purpose → a natural response, email, discussion, or speaking move
  • claim, detail, transition, or speaker cue → its role in comprehension

The sequence starts with a map of the 12 tasks, then follows the test order: Reading, Listening, Writing, and Speaking. Within each task, basic recognition comes before strategy decisions and production cues. Every card has the root toefl-ibt tag and one section tag.

What's deliberately left out

This deck is not a full TOEFL course, test simulation, official preparation product, or promise of a score. It does not reproduce adaptive Reading or Listening, one-play audio, pronunciation assessment, spontaneous speaking, or complete timed writing. Return to current ETS materials for that performance practice.

The deck also excludes copied exam questions, passages, answer choices, scoring rubrics, mark schemes, and curriculum text. It does not mechanically add definition-to-word reverse cards, because isolated reverse recall is often ambiguous; production directions appear only when a specific context or sentence makes the answer useful and clear.

Scope was reviewed against the current ETS test content page and the TOEFL iBT 2026 Test Blueprint and Specifications. Check those official sources for current requirements and later changes.

Facts and official task names are not claimed as original. The CC0 dedication applies to the deck's independently written prompts, answers, examples, organization, metadata, and original generated cover to the extent the contributor can dedicate those elements.

This independent, unofficial deck is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by ETS. TOEFL® and TOEFL iBT® are trademarks of ETS. No official questions, mark schemes, scoring rubrics, curriculum passages, logos, or trade dress are copied.

Carte in questo mazzo

  1. Carta 1

    Domanda

    TOEFL iBT overview — when did the current test format take effect?

    Risposta

    January 21, 2026.

  2. Carta 2

    Domanda

    TOEFL iBT overview — what is the section order in the current test?

    Risposta

    Reading, Listening, Writing, then Speaking.

  3. Carta 3

    Domanda

    TOEFL iBT overview — how much time should you allow for the full test session?

    Risposta

    About two hours. The published section base times do not include directions, and adaptive sections can vary.

  4. Carta 4

    Domanda

    TOEFL iBT overview — which sections use a multistage adaptive design?

    Risposta

    Reading and Listening.

  5. Carta 5

    Domanda

    TOEFL iBT overview — what does two-stage adaptivity mean for your Reading or Listening path?

    Risposta

    Your performance in the first, routing stage determines whether you receive a lower- or upper-level second module.

  6. Carta 6

    Domanda

    TOEFL iBT overview — what score scale applies to tests taken from January 21, 2026?

    Risposta

    The 1–6 scale. During a two-year transition, ETS also reports a comparable overall score on the 0–120 scale.

  7. Carta 7

    Domanda

    TOEFL iBT overview — what are the Reading section's published base size and time?

    Risposta

    50 items in approximately 30 minutes. The actual item count and time may vary as the test adapts.

  8. Carta 8

    Domanda

    TOEFL iBT overview — what are the three Reading task types?

    Risposta

    Complete the Words, Read in Daily Life, and Read an Academic Passage.

  9. Carta 9

    Domanda

    TOEFL iBT overview — what are the four Listening task types?

    Risposta

    Listen and Choose a Response, Listen to a Conversation, Listen to an Announcement, and Listen to an Academic Talk.

  10. Carta 10

    Domanda

    TOEFL iBT overview — what are the three Writing task types?

    Risposta

    Build a Sentence, Write an Email, and Write for an Academic Discussion.

  11. Carta 11

    Domanda

    TOEFL iBT overview — what are the two Speaking task types?

    Risposta

    Listen and Repeat, and Take an Interview.

  12. Carta 12

    Domanda

    TOEFL iBT overview — what minimum participation is required for the test to be scored?

    Risposta

    Answer at least one Reading item and one Listening item, and complete at least one Speaking task and one Writing task.

  13. Carta 13

    Domanda

    Complete the Words — what core ability does this task measure?

    Risposta

    Processing an academic text for both meaning and form, including vocabulary, grammar, and spelling.

  14. Carta 14

    Domanda

    Complete the Words — what kind of text do you complete?

    Risposta

    An academic paragraph of roughly 70–100 words.

  15. Carta 15

    Domanda

    Complete the Words — what is special about the paragraph's opening sentence?

    Risposta

    It is complete. Use it to establish the topic and context before filling any gaps.

  16. Carta 16

    Domanda

    Complete the Words — which parts of words disappear after the opening sentence?

    Risposta

    The latter half of every second word.

  17. Carta 17

    Domanda

    Complete the Words — how many words have missing letters in each text?

    Risposta

    Ten words.

  18. Carta 18

    Domanda

    Complete the Words — what do you supply for each incomplete word?

    Risposta

    The missing letters that restore the original word.

  19. Carta 19

    Domanda

    Complete the Words — which context should you check first for a difficult gap?

    Risposta

    The whole sentence around the gap. It usually reveals the needed grammar and immediate meaning.

  20. Carta 20

    Domanda

    Complete the Words — how does identifying the missing word's part of speech help?

    Risposta

    It narrows the possibilities to the needed noun, verb, adjective, adverb, or function word.

  21. Carta 21

    Domanda

    Complete the Words — how should you use the letters that remain visible?

    Risposta

    Treat them as a fixed word beginning, then test completions that fit both grammar and meaning.

  22. Carta 22

    Domanda

    Complete the Words — why is a locally plausible word not always enough?

    Risposta

    It must also fit the paragraph's larger idea. A grammatical word can still make the passage incoherent.

  23. Carta 23

    Domanda

    Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: The committee approved an alloc_____ of funds to the library.

    Risposta

    allocation — the article an and the phrase of funds call for the noun form of allocate.

  24. Carta 24

    Domanda

    Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: A careful anal____ of the samples revealed the pattern.

    Risposta

    analysis — the adjective careful and the phrase of the samples call for a noun.

  25. Carta 25

    Domanda

    Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: The findings provide clear evid____ for the new explanation.

    Risposta

    evidenceprovide clear ... for requires the noun form.

  26. Carta 26

    Domanda

    Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: Seasonal vari_____ in rainfall affects the reservoir.

    Risposta

    variation — the adjective seasonal, the singular verb affects, and the preposition in point to this noun form of vary.

  27. Carta 27

    Domanda

    Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: Regular maint______ keeps the laboratory equipment safe.

    Risposta

    maintenance — the adjective regular calls for the noun meaning upkeep.

  28. Carta 28

    Domanda

    Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: The source is reli____ because its methods are transparent.

    Risposta

    reliable — the linking verb is calls for the adjective form of rely.

  29. Carta 29

    Domanda

    Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: The distances were measured accur_____ before comparison.

    Risposta

    accurately — the missing word modifies were measured, so the adverb form is needed.

  30. Carta 30

    Domanda

    Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: Each participant made a contri______ to the final report.

    Risposta

    contributiona ... to calls for the singular noun form of contribute.

  31. Carta 31

    Domanda

    Complete the Words — what should you do if one gap is taking too long?

    Risposta

    Enter the strongest context-based completion, continue, and revisit it if time remains.

  32. Carta 32

    Domanda

    Complete the Words — what practice method matches the real task better than isolated spelling drills?

    Risposta

    Restore missing letters inside complete academic paragraphs, using syntax and meaning together.

  33. Carta 33

    Domanda

    Read in Daily Life — what kind of material appears in this task?

    Risposta

    Short, nonacademic texts drawn from ordinary daily situations.

  34. Carta 34

    Domanda

    Read in Daily Life — about how long can a text be?

    Risposta

    Roughly 15–150 words.

  35. Carta 35

    Domanda

    Read in Daily Life — how many questions usually follow one text?

    Risposta

    Two or three multiple-choice questions, depending on the text's length.

  36. Carta 36

    Domanda

    Read in Daily Life — which text formats should you be ready to see?

    Risposta

    Everyday formats such as notices, schedules, emails, messages, menus, forms, receipts, advertisements, and web posts.

  37. Carta 37

    Domanda

    Read in Daily Life — how should you read a schedule, menu, or form?

    Risposta

    Follow its layout first. Headings, rows, columns, labels, and symbols show how the information is organized.

  38. Carta 38

    Domanda

    Read in Daily Life — what should you identify when a question asks why the text was written?

    Risposta

    The writer's main purpose, such as informing, requesting, warning, inviting, or advertising.

  39. Carta 39

    Domanda

    Read in Daily Life — what is the fastest way to find one date, price, place, or deadline?

    Risposta

    Scan for the exact detail and its label instead of rereading every line at the same speed.

  40. Carta 40

    Domanda

    Read in Daily Life — how should you handle an unfamiliar informal phrase?

    Risposta

    Infer its practical meaning from the situation, tone, and nearby words.

  41. Carta 41

    Domanda

    Read in Daily Life — what evidence supports an implied-meaning answer?

    Risposta

    Several clues in the text that point to the same conclusion, even though it is not stated directly.

  42. Carta 42

    Domanda

    Read in Daily Life — how should you interpret telegraphic wording such as No entry after 6?

    Risposta

    Expand the compressed wording into its full practical message: entry is not allowed after 6.

  43. Carta 43

    Domanda

    Read in Daily Life — how can you resolve a pronoun such as it or they?

    Risposta

    Match it to the nearby noun that fits both the grammar and the message's meaning.

  44. Carta 44

    Domanda

    Read in Daily Life — what quick workflow balances speed with accuracy?

    Risposta

    Skim for purpose and layout, read the question, then scan the text for the specific evidence.

  45. Carta 45

    Domanda

    Read an Academic Passage — what kind of text appears in this task?

    Risposta

    A short expository passage like one used in secondary or higher education.

  46. Carta 46

    Domanda

    Read an Academic Passage — about how long is each passage?

    Risposta

    Approximately 200 words.

  47. Carta 47

    Domanda

    Read an Academic Passage — how many questions follow a passage?

    Risposta

    Five questions.

  48. Carta 48

    Domanda

    Read an Academic Passage — which subject areas may appear?

    Risposta

    Fields such as history, arts, business, economics, life science, physical science, and social science.

  49. Carta 49

    Domanda

    Read an Academic Passage — do you need prior knowledge of the topic?

    Risposta

    No. The passage provides the information needed to answer its questions.

  50. Carta 50

    Domanda

    Read an Academic Passage — can you refer back to the text while answering?

    Risposta

    Yes. The reading text remains visible throughout the task.

  51. Carta 51

    Domanda

    Read an Academic Passage — what should a main-idea answer cover?

    Risposta

    The passage's central point, broad enough to include its major supporting ideas without adding a new claim.

  52. Carta 52

    Domanda

    Read an Academic Passage — how should you verify an answer about a factual detail?

    Risposta

    Locate the relevant sentence, then check enough surrounding context to avoid reversing or overstating the fact.

  53. Carta 53

    Domanda

    Read an Academic Passage — how should you determine a word's meaning in context?

    Risposta

    Substitute each plausible meaning into the sentence and keep the one that fits the local idea and tone.

  54. Carta 54

    Domanda

    Read an Academic Passage — what makes an inference defensible?

    Risposta

    It follows from evidence in the passage without requiring an unsupported extra assumption.

  55. Carta 55

    Domanda

    Read an Academic Passage — how can you track the relationship between two ideas?

    Risposta

    Name the link explicitly: cause and effect, contrast, comparison, example, sequence, or problem and solution.

  56. Carta 56

    Domanda

    Read an Academic Passage — what does a rhetorical-structure question ask you to recognize?

    Risposta

    How the author organizes information to develop the passage, such as by comparison or cause and effect.

  57. Carta 57

    Domanda

    Read an Academic Passage — how is an author's-purpose question different from a detail question?

    Risposta

    It asks why the author included a statement or section, not merely what that part says.

  58. Carta 58

    Domanda

    Read an Academic Passage — how should you unpack a long sentence with complex grammar?

    Risposta

    Find the main subject and verb first, then attach modifying phrases and clauses to the ideas they describe.

  59. Carta 59

    Domanda

    Read an Academic Passage — how should you interpret figurative or idiomatic language?

    Risposta

    Use the surrounding claim and tone to recover the intended meaning, rather than reading every word literally.

  60. Carta 60

    Domanda

    Read an Academic Passage — how can a paragraph's first and last sentences help?

    Risposta

    They often reveal the paragraph's main role, while the middle supplies explanation or evidence.

  61. Carta 61

    Domanda

    Read an Academic Passage — what should decide between the passage and your outside knowledge?

    Risposta

    The passage. Choose the answer supported by the text even when you know more about the topic.

  62. Carta 62

    Domanda

    Read an Academic Passage — what do signal words such as however, because, and for example reveal?

    Risposta

    The logical move between ideas: contrast, cause, or illustration.

  63. Carta 63

    Domanda

    Read an Academic Passage — which wrong answers should you eliminate first?

    Risposta

    Choices that contradict the text, distort its scope, or answer a different question.

  64. Carta 64

    Domanda

    Read an Academic Passage — what is the most efficient rereading strategy after you see a question?

    Risposta

    Return to the relevant sentence or paragraph, then widen the context only if the answer depends on a larger relationship.

  65. Carta 65

    Domanda

    Listen and Choose a Response — what do you do after hearing the prompt?

    Risposta

    Choose the reply that best fits the prompt. Match the speaker's meaning and purpose, not just a repeated word.

  66. Carta 66

    Domanda

    Listen and Choose a Response — which abilities does this task target?

    Risposta

    Understanding meaning, speaker intent, and common patterns of spoken English. The best response must make sense in the exchange.

  67. Carta 67

    Domanda

    Listen and Choose a Response — what should you identify before comparing the options?

    Risposta

    The prompt's communicative purpose. Decide whether it is a question, request, suggestion, apology, invitation, or comment.

  68. Carta 68

    Domanda

    Listen and Choose a Response — how does a question word narrow the answer?

    Risposta

    It signals the information needed. For example, when calls for a time, while why calls for a reason.

  69. Carta 69

    Domanda

    Listen and Choose a Response — why can a response without yes or no fit a yes-or-no question?

    Risposta

    An indirect reply can still answer the real question. The lab closes at six can explain whether there is time to visit it.

  70. Carta 70

    Domanda

    Listen and Choose a Response — what makes a reply suitable for a request?

    Risposta

    It accepts, refuses, or addresses the requested action naturally. A reply about the same topic can still miss the request.

  71. Carta 71

    Domanda

    Listen and Choose a Response — what is the updated Listening section's published base length?

    Risposta

    47 items in about 29 minutes. ETS notes that item count and time may vary as the section adapts.

  72. Carta 72

    Domanda

    Listen and Choose a Response — how should you handle a negatively worded question?

    Risposta

    Work out the speaker's actual concern before choosing. Do not select an option only because it repeats the negative word.

  73. Carta 73

    Domanda

    Listen and Choose a Response — what is the repeated-word trap?

    Risposta

    A distractor echoes vocabulary from the prompt but does not form a logical reply. Test the conversational link, not the word match.

  74. Carta 74

    Domanda

    Listen and Choose a Response — what should you do with an unfamiliar expression?

    Risposta

    Infer its function from tone and context. You often need the speaker's intent more than a word-for-word definition.

  75. Carta 75

    Domanda

    Listen and Choose a Response — when two options are grammatical, what decides between them?

    Risposta

    Conversational relevance. Choose the option a person would naturally say next in that situation.

  76. Carta 76

    Domanda

    Listen and Choose a Response — what does multistage adaptive mean for the Listening section?

    Risposta

    The section adjusts to your ability as you progress. Its four task types stay the same, but the item count and timing may vary.

  77. Carta 77

    Domanda

    Listen to a Conversation — what setting is most typical?

    Risposta

    A campus-life conversation between two people. The exchange may involve a problem, plan, service, class, or student activity.

  78. Carta 78

    Domanda

    Listen to a Conversation — which four kinds of understanding does ETS emphasize?

    Risposta

    Main ideas, key details, speaker intent, and implied meaning. Listen for both what is said and why it is said.

  79. Carta 79

    Domanda

    Listen to a Conversation — how can you capture the main idea in one line?

    Risposta

    Write the speakers' shared purpose or central problem. A topic label alone is usually too broad.

  80. Carta 80

    Domanda

    Listen to a Conversation — what should you track about each speaker?

    Risposta

    Each speaker's role and goal. Knowing who needs information, approval, or action makes the exchange easier to follow.

  81. Carta 81

    Domanda

    Listen to a Conversation — what compact note pattern fits a problem-solving exchange?

    Risposta

    Problem → options → decision. Add the reason for the final choice if the speakers give one.

  82. Carta 82

    Domanda

    Listen to a Conversation — which details are most worth writing down?

    Risposta

    Details that change the plan or explain a choice. Dates, requirements, obstacles, and decisions usually matter more than examples or greetings.

  83. Carta 83

    Domanda

    Listen to a Conversation — how can tone reveal speaker intent?

    Risposta

    Tone can show doubt, relief, hesitation, politeness, or disagreement. Combine it with the speaker's words before inferring intent.

  84. Carta 84

    Domanda

    Listen to a Conversation — what supports a sound inference?

    Risposta

    Two or more clues from the exchange. Choose what follows from the speakers' words and situation, not what is merely possible.

  85. Carta 85

    Domanda

    Listen to a Conversation — why should you expect paraphrases in the options?

    Risposta

    Correct answers often restate the audio with different words. Match the idea rather than waiting for an exact phrase.

  86. Carta 86

    Domanda

    Listen to a Conversation — how can a two-column note layout help?

    Risposta

    Give each speaker a column. This keeps requests, objections, and decisions attached to the right person.

  87. Carta 87

    Domanda

    Listen to a Conversation — how do you predict a likely next action?

    Risposta

    Use the final decision plus any stated condition. The next action should follow directly from where the speakers leave the situation.

  88. Carta 88

    Domanda

    Listen to a Conversation — why can one memorable sentence be misleading?

    Risposta

    A single sentence may describe an option that the speakers later reject. Follow the whole exchange before choosing the outcome.

  89. Carta 89

    Domanda

    Listen to an Announcement — where does this task usually take place?

    Risposta

    In an academic or campus setting. Expect a focused message about information students or staff need to act on.

  90. Carta 90

    Domanda

    Listen to an Announcement — which abilities does the task measure?

    Risposta

    Understanding purpose, key information, implied meaning, and likely next actions. The message often combines facts with instructions.

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  91. Carta 91

    Domanda

    Listen to an Announcement — what should your first note capture?

    Risposta

    The announcement's purpose. Write the reason for the message before collecting its supporting logistics.

  92. Carta 92

    Domanda

    Listen to an Announcement — which four logistics labels keep notes organized?

    Risposta

    Who, what, when, and where. Add a required action when the message asks listeners to do something.

  93. Carta 93

    Domanda

    Listen to an Announcement — which words often signal a change to an earlier plan?

    Risposta

    Words such as instead, now, rescheduled, and rather than. Put the updated information in your notes, not just the original plan.

  94. Carta 94

    Domanda

    Listen to an Announcement — how should you record a reason and its result?

    Risposta

    Link them as cause → consequence. This prevents you from confusing why the change happened with what listeners must do.

  95. Carta 95

    Domanda

    Listen to an Announcement — how do you identify the likely next action?

    Risposta

    Look for instructions, deadlines, and eligibility conditions. The expected action must fit all three when they are stated.

  96. Carta 96

    Domanda

    Listen to an Announcement — what makes an implied conclusion safe?

    Risposta

    It follows from explicit facts in the message. Do not add campus rules or procedures that the speaker never mentions.

  97. Carta 97

    Domanda

    Listen to an Announcement — how should you handle numbers, dates, and room names?

    Risposta

    Write them in short form as soon as you hear them. Exact logistical details are harder to reconstruct from memory than the main purpose.

  98. Carta 98

    Domanda

    Listen to an Announcement — what evidence should control your answer?

    Risposta

    The speaker's actual message. Familiar campus routines may sound plausible, but they are not evidence unless the audio supports them.

  99. Carta 99

    Domanda

    Listen to an Academic Talk — what kind of audio do you hear?

    Risposta

    A short academic talk by a professor or expert. It is focused rather than a long lecture set.

  100. Carta 100

    Domanda

    Listen to an Academic Talk — do you need specialist knowledge of the subject?

    Risposta

    No. ETS uses varied academic fields, but the information needed to answer comes from the talk itself.

  101. Carta 101

    Domanda

    Listen to an Academic Talk — which kinds of understanding does ETS target?

    Risposta

    Main ideas, supporting details, organization, inferences, and sometimes uncommon or idiomatic vocabulary.

  102. Carta 102

    Domanda

    Listen to an Academic Talk — how should you phrase the main idea in your notes?

    Risposta

    Write the topic plus the professor's central point about it. A bare subject name does not capture the talk's direction.

  103. Carta 103

    Domanda

    Listen to an Academic Talk — which common structures should you listen for?

    Risposta

    Comparison, cause and effect, a sequence, a definition with examples, or a problem with a solution. The structure shows how details connect.

  104. Carta 104

    Domanda

    Listen to an Academic Talk — what do signposts such as first, however, and as a result reveal?

    Risposta

    The relationship between ideas. They can mark sequence, contrast, or consequence before the content is complete.

  105. Carta 105

    Domanda

    Listen to an Academic Talk — how can you tell why the speaker gives an example?

    Risposta

    Connect the example to the claim immediately before it. The example may illustrate, support, qualify, or challenge that point.

  106. Carta 106

    Domanda

    Listen to an Academic Talk — what is an efficient comparison note?

    Risposta

    Name both subjects and record one shared feature or key difference. Keep each feature aligned with the correct subject.

  107. Carta 107

    Domanda

    Listen to an Academic Talk — what note symbol clarifies a causal chain?

    Risposta

    Use arrows: cause → immediate effect → wider result. This preserves order when several consequences are discussed.

  108. Carta 108

    Domanda

    Listen to an Academic Talk — how should you record a new term?

    Risposta

    Write the term, a short definition, and one example if given. Keep the example attached to the concept it illustrates.

  109. Carta 109

    Domanda

    Listen to an Academic Talk — what makes an inference stronger than a guess?

    Risposta

    It combines the speaker's claim, supporting detail, and tone. A reasonable fact from outside the talk is still not enough.

  110. Carta 110

    Domanda

    Listen to an Academic Talk — how can context unlock an uncommon word?

    Risposta

    Use the surrounding definition, contrast, example, or result. Infer the meaning needed in that sentence rather than a complete dictionary entry.

  111. Carta 111

    Domanda

    Listen to an Academic Talk — how should you interpret an idiomatic phrase?

    Risposta

    Read it through the speaker's point and tone, not word by word. The intended meaning must fit the surrounding explanation.

  112. Carta 112

    Domanda

    Listen to an Academic Talk — what note hierarchy keeps details useful?

    Risposta

    Main idea → major point → evidence or example. Indentation helps you see which detail supports which claim.

  113. Carta 113

    Domanda

    Listen to an Academic Talk — why should you mark a correction or qualification?

    Risposta

    It may replace or narrow an earlier statement. The revised idea, not the first rough version, is usually the one that matters.

  114. Carta 114

    Domanda

    Listen to an Academic Talk — how can the ending help you check your notes?

    Risposta

    Use the closing summary or conclusion to confirm the central point. Update your main-idea note if the talk's direction became clearer.

  115. Carta 115

    Domanda

    Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks. Start with The seminar and end with at noon: the seminar / begins / at noon

    Risposta

    The seminar begins at noon.

  116. Carta 116

    Domanda

    Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks. Start with The research team and end with its findings: has / the research team / published / its findings

    Risposta

    The research team has published its findings.

  117. Carta 117

    Domanda

    Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks. Start with The field trip and end with heavy rain: was postponed / because of heavy rain / the field trip

    Risposta

    The field trip was postponed because of heavy rain.

  118. Carta 118

    Domanda

    Build a Sentence — combine the ideas with although: The course is demanding. It remains popular.

    Risposta

    Although the course is demanding, it remains popular.

  119. Carta 119

    Domanda

    Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks: that opened last month / the café / hires student musicians

    Risposta

    The café that opened last month hires student musicians.

  120. Carta 120

    Domanda

    Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks as a question: the library / when / does / close

    Risposta

    When does the library close?

  121. Carta 121

    Domanda

    Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks. Start with The bus and end with we arrived: had already left / when / we arrived / the bus

    Risposta

    The bus had already left when we arrived.

  122. Carta 122

    Domanda

    Build a Sentence — combine the ideas with an infinitive of purpose: Lena visited the office. She wanted to replace her ID card.

    Risposta

    Lena visited the office to replace her ID card.

  123. Carta 123

    Domanda

    Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks. Start with The hikers and end with the path was icy: because / the path was icy / the hikers turned back

    Risposta

    The hikers turned back because the path was icy.

  124. Carta 124

    Domanda

    Build a Sentence — complete the comparison: This route is ___ than the coastal road. Use short.

    Risposta

    This route is shorter than the coastal road.

  125. Carta 125

    Domanda

    Build a Sentence — correct the agreement error: The list of required books are on the course page.

    Risposta

    The list of required books is on the course page. The singular head noun list controls the verb.

  126. Carta 126

    Domanda

    Build a Sentence — correct the embedded question: Could you tell me where is the advising office?

    Risposta

    Could you tell me where the advising office is? Embedded questions use statement word order.

  127. Carta 127

    Domanda

    Build a Sentence — the next day, report Ana's statement from the previous evening: I will send the file tonight.

    Risposta

    Ana said that she would send the file that night.

  128. Carta 128

    Domanda

    Build a Sentence — complete the real conditional with will and a form of print: If the printer is available, I ___ the forms now.

    Risposta

    If the printer is available, I will print the forms now.

  129. Carta 129

    Domanda

    Build a Sentence — choose the correct verb: There ___ several quiet rooms upstairs.

    Risposta

    There are several quiet rooms upstairs.

  130. Carta 130

    Domanda

    Build a Sentence — fix the parallel structure: The workshop teaches students to plan projects, managing time, and how to present results.

    Risposta

    The workshop teaches students to plan projects, manage time, and present results.

  131. Carta 131

    Domanda

    Build a Sentence — place often naturally: Students use the study rooms after class.

    Risposta

    Students often use the study rooms after class.

  132. Carta 132

    Domanda

    Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks: did we notice / only after the lab closed / the missing key

    Risposta

    Only after the lab closed did we notice the missing key.

  133. Carta 133

    Domanda

    Write an Email — you need an extension from an instructor. What tone fits?

    Risposta

    Polite and direct. State the request clearly, give the relevant reason, and avoid either casual slang or exaggerated formality.

  134. Carta 134

    Domanda

    Write an Email — what should the opening establish first?

    Risposta

    Why you are writing. Give the reader the purpose before supporting details.

  135. Carta 135

    Domanda

    Write an Email — make this request polite and specific: Send me the new schedule.

    Risposta

    Could you please send me the updated schedule?

  136. Carta 136

    Domanda

    Write an Email — a classmate sent useful notes. What should a clear reply do before adding a question?

    Risposta

    Acknowledge the help, then ask the question. This keeps the response connected to the message.

  137. Carta 137

    Domanda

    Write an Email — after making a request, what kind of reason is most useful?

    Risposta

    A brief, relevant reason that helps the reader understand the request. Unrelated background weakens the message.

  138. Carta 138

    Domanda

    Write an Email — the study room is unavailable. What move turns the complaint into a solution?

    Risposta

    Propose a practical alternative, such as moving the meeting to another room or time.

  139. Carta 139

    Domanda

    Write an Email — ask politely whether a workshop begins at 9:00 a.m.

    Risposta

    Could you confirm whether the workshop begins at 9:00 a.m.?

  140. Carta 140

    Domanda

    Write an Email — what should you compare with the prompt before submitting?

    Risposta

    Every requested content point, the audience, and the purpose. Make sure none has been skipped.

  141. Carta 141

    Domanda

    Write an Email — when two requested points are different, how can you make both easy to find?

    Risposta

    Give each point its own clear sentence or short paragraph instead of burying both in one long sentence.

  142. Carta 142

    Domanda

    Write an Email — revise the vague sentence: It caused a problem, so I need it changed. The problem is a lab time that overlaps with a lecture.

    Risposta

    The lab overlaps with my lecture, so I need to change my lab time.

  143. Carta 143

    Domanda

    Write an Email — which detail should you cut first during a quick clarity edit?

    Risposta

    A detail that does not help the reader understand or act on the email's purpose.

  144. Carta 144

    Domanda

    Write an Email — what should a closing make clear?

    Risposta

    The next step or the response you need, followed by a suitable sign-off.

  145. Carta 145

    Domanda

    Academic Discussion — what should your first sentence make clear?

    Risposta

    Your position on the question. A direct claim gives the rest of the response a clear direction.

  146. Carta 146

    Domanda

    Academic Discussion — what should follow a position so it becomes an argument?

    Risposta

    A relevant reason that explains why the position makes sense.

  147. Carta 147

    Domanda

    Academic Discussion — which support is stronger: This is better or a specific campus example?

    Risposta

    A specific campus example. It shows how the reason works instead of repeating the claim.

  148. Carta 148

    Domanda

    Academic Discussion — how can you disagree with a classmate without sounding dismissive?

    Risposta

    Acknowledge the classmate's point, then state the specific limit or alternative you see.

  149. Carta 149

    Domanda

    Academic Discussion — complete the concession frame: Although online courses offer flexibility, ...

    Risposta

    Although online courses offer flexibility, some students learn better with regular face-to-face discussion.

  150. Carta 150

    Domanda

    Academic Discussion — a classmate gives an example but no broader lesson. What useful move can you add?

    Risposta

    Explain what the example suggests about the discussion question. This extends the idea instead of restating it.

  151. Carta 151

    Domanda

    Academic Discussion — revise the overbroad claim: Group projects always teach every student leadership.

    Risposta

    Group projects can teach leadership when students share responsibility for decisions and results.

  152. Carta 152

    Domanda

    Academic Discussion — why should you avoid everyone knows as support?

    Risposta

    It treats an unsupported assumption as evidence. Give a reason or example that the reader can evaluate.

  153. Carta 153

    Domanda

    Academic Discussion — link this example to the claim: A later library closing time would help students. Many science labs finish at 9:00 p.m.

    Risposta

    A later closing time would help because students leaving evening labs could still use the library.

  154. Carta 154

    Domanda

    Academic Discussion — which connector clearly introduces a contrast with the previous idea?

    Risposta

    However introduces a contrasting point. The contrast itself must still be clear from the sentences.

  155. Carta 155

    Domanda

    Academic Discussion — replace the vague support: Technology helps students in many ways. Give one concrete mechanism.

    Risposta

    Recorded lectures help students review an explanation they did not understand the first time.

  156. Carta 156

    Domanda

    Academic Discussion — correct the agreement error: Each of the proposals offer a different benefit.

    Risposta

    Each of the proposals offers a different benefit.

  157. Carta 157

    Domanda

    Academic Discussion — fix the run-on sentence: Campus buses reduce traffic they also make commuting cheaper.

    Risposta

    Campus buses reduce traffic, and they also make commuting cheaper.

  158. Carta 158

    Domanda

    Academic Discussion — which connector clearly introduces a result?

    Risposta

    Therefore introduces a result or conclusion that follows from the previous idea.

  159. Carta 159

    Domanda

    Academic Discussion — what four items belong in a fast final check?

    Risposta

    A clear position, a relevant reason, specific support, and sentences that connect logically.

  160. Carta 160

    Domanda

    Academic Discussion — why is a memorized paragraph a poor substitute for a flexible response plan?

    Risposta

    It may not answer the actual question or connect to the discussion. Use a simple claim–reason–example plan and write for the prompt you receive.

  161. Carta 161

    Domanda

    Listen and Repeat — how many items does the updated task contain?

    Risposta

    Seven items. Together with four Take an Interview questions, they make the Speaking section's 11 items in about eight minutes.

  162. Carta 162

    Domanda

    Listen and Repeat — what must you do with each sentence?

    Risposta

    Repeat it exactly as you hear it. This is a reproduction task, so do not summarize or improve the wording.

  163. Carta 163

    Domanda

    Listen and Repeat — which two qualities does the task directly measure?

    Risposta

    Accuracy and clear intelligibility. Your speech should preserve the sentence and be easy for a proficient English speaker to understand.

  164. Carta 164

    Domanda

    Listen and Repeat — how does difficulty progress within the task?

    Risposta

    Sentences grow longer and more complex. They may move from one simple clause to dependent clauses, relative clauses, or complex noun phrases.

  165. Carta 165

    Domanda

    Listen and Repeat — what is the most useful way to hold a longer sentence in memory?

    Risposta

    Keep it in meaning chunks. Follow the sentence's phrases and clauses instead of trying to store an unbroken string of words.

  166. Carta 166

    Domanda

    Listen and Repeat — what should you preserve besides the words?

    Risposta

    The sentence's rhythm, stress, and intonation. These features divide meaning into clear spoken groups and support intelligibility.

  167. Carta 167

    Domanda

    Listen and Repeat — which small language features are easy to lose?

    Risposta

    Articles, prepositions, auxiliary verbs, and word endings. Listen for these grammatical signals as carefully as the main content words.

  168. Carta 168

    Domanda

    Listen and Repeat — what should you do after a minor slip while speaking?

    Risposta

    Continue smoothly with the sentence. A long restart can damage rhythm and cause you to lose more of the utterance.

  169. Carta 169

    Domanda

    Take an Interview — how many questions are in the updated task?

    Risposta

    Four questions. They follow the seven Listen and Repeat items in the 11-item Speaking section.

  170. Carta 170

    Domanda

    Take an Interview — what kind of interaction does the task simulate?

    Risposta

    An interview related to an academic or campus situation. You respond directly to questions rather than giving a memorized speech.

  171. Carta 171

    Domanda

    Take an Interview — what kinds of content may you be asked to discuss?

    Risposta

    Your experiences, preferences, and opinions. Questions can also invite descriptions, explanations, suggestions, predictions, or short narratives.

  172. Carta 172

    Domanda

    Take an Interview — do you need specialized subject knowledge?

    Risposta

    No. The scenarios use accessible academic or campus contexts so you can show your English, not prior expertise.

  173. Carta 173

    Domanda

    Take an Interview — what context appears before the questions?

    Risposta

    A scenario introduction presented in audio and print. A schematic image, map, form, or speaker photo may also provide context.

  174. Carta 174

    Domanda

    Take an Interview — what should the first sentence of an answer do?

    Risposta

    Answer the question directly. Give your choice, position, or main information before explaining it.

  175. Carta 175

    Domanda

    Take an Interview — what simple structure supports clear elaboration?

    Risposta

    Answer → reason → concrete detail. This structure develops one point without turning the response into a list.

  176. Carta 176

    Domanda

    Take an Interview — how can you make an opinion answer coherent?

    Risposta

    State one position and support it consistently. A clear reason matters more than mentioning several weak or conflicting ideas.

  177. Carta 177

    Domanda

    Take an Interview — what makes a personal example useful?

    Risposta

    It clearly supports your answer. Keep only the context, action, and result needed to show the connection.

  178. Carta 178

    Domanda

    Take an Interview — how should you answer a suggestion or prediction question?

    Risposta

    Give the suggestion or prediction first, then explain the likely result. Make the link between action and outcome explicit.

  179. Carta 179

    Domanda

    Take an Interview — which delivery qualities matter across the responses?

    Risposta

    Clear speech, a natural pace, intelligible pronunciation, and coherent elaboration. Suitable vocabulary and accurate grammar support the message.

  180. Carta 180

    Domanda

    Take an Interview — what should you do if you need a moment to plan?

    Risposta

    Pause briefly, choose one main point, and begin. Long silence is less useful than a simple answer you can develop clearly.

Blank flashcards surrounded by reading, listening, writing, and speaking study symbols on a dark blue desk.

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TOEFL iBT Flashcards: 12 Task Types, Vocabulary & Strategy

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