TOEFL iBT Flashcards: 12 Task Types, Vocabulary & Strategy

کارت‌های این دسته

1. کارت ۱

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   TOEFL iBT overview — when did the current test format take effect?

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   January 21, 2026.

2. کارت ۲

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   TOEFL iBT overview — what is the section order in the current test?

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   Reading, Listening, Writing, then Speaking.

3. کارت ۳

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   TOEFL iBT overview — how much time should you allow for the full test session?

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   About two hours. The published section base times do not include directions, and adaptive sections can vary.

4. کارت ۴

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   TOEFL iBT overview — which sections use a multistage adaptive design?

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   Reading and Listening.

5. کارت ۵

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   TOEFL iBT overview — what does two-stage adaptivity mean for your Reading or Listening path?

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   Your performance in the first, routing stage determines whether you receive a lower- or upper-level second module.

6. کارت ۶

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   TOEFL iBT overview — what score scale applies to tests taken from January 21, 2026?

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   The 1–6 scale. During a two-year transition, ETS also reports a comparable overall score on the 0–120 scale.

7. کارت ۷

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   TOEFL iBT overview — what are the Reading section's published base size and time?

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   50 items in approximately 30 minutes. The actual item count and time may vary as the test adapts.

8. کارت ۸

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   TOEFL iBT overview — what are the three Reading task types?

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   Complete the Words, Read in Daily Life, and Read an Academic Passage.

9. کارت ۹

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   TOEFL iBT overview — what are the four Listening task types?

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   Listen and Choose a Response, Listen to a Conversation, Listen to an Announcement, and Listen to an Academic Talk.

10. کارت ۱۰

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    TOEFL iBT overview — what are the three Writing task types?

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    Build a Sentence, Write an Email, and Write for an Academic Discussion.

11. کارت ۱۱

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    TOEFL iBT overview — what are the two Speaking task types?

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    Listen and Repeat, and Take an Interview.

12. کارت ۱۲

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    TOEFL iBT overview — what minimum participation is required for the test to be scored?

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    Answer at least one Reading item and one Listening item, and complete at least one Speaking task and one Writing task.

13. کارت ۱۳

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    Complete the Words — what core ability does this task measure?

    پاسخ

    Processing an academic text for both meaning and form, including vocabulary, grammar, and spelling.

14. کارت ۱۴

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    Complete the Words — what kind of text do you complete?

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    An academic paragraph of roughly 70–100 words.

15. کارت ۱۵

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    Complete the Words — what is special about the paragraph's opening sentence?

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    It is complete. Use it to establish the topic and context before filling any gaps.

16. کارت ۱۶

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    Complete the Words — which parts of words disappear after the opening sentence?

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    The latter half of every second word.

17. کارت ۱۷

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    Complete the Words — how many words have missing letters in each text?

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    Ten words.

18. کارت ۱۸

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    Complete the Words — what do you supply for each incomplete word?

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    The missing letters that restore the original word.

19. کارت ۱۹

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    Complete the Words — which context should you check first for a difficult gap?

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    The whole sentence around the gap. It usually reveals the needed grammar and immediate meaning.

20. کارت ۲۰

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    Complete the Words — how does identifying the missing word's part of speech help?

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    It narrows the possibilities to the needed noun, verb, adjective, adverb, or function word.

21. کارت ۲۱

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    Complete the Words — how should you use the letters that remain visible?

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    Treat them as a fixed word beginning, then test completions that fit both grammar and meaning.

22. کارت ۲۲

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    Complete the Words — why is a locally plausible word not always enough?

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    It must also fit the paragraph's larger idea. A grammatical word can still make the passage incoherent.

23. کارت ۲۳

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    Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: The committee approved an alloc_____ of funds to the library.

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    allocation — the article an and the phrase of funds call for the noun form of allocate.

24. کارت ۲۴

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    Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: A careful anal____ of the samples revealed the pattern.

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    analysis — the adjective careful and the phrase of the samples call for a noun.

25. کارت ۲۵

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    Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: The findings provide clear evid____ for the new explanation.

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    evidence — provide clear ... for requires the noun form.

26. کارت ۲۶

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    Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: Seasonal vari_____ in rainfall affects the reservoir.

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    variation — the adjective seasonal, the singular verb affects, and the preposition in point to this noun form of vary.

27. کارت ۲۷

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    Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: Regular maint______ keeps the laboratory equipment safe.

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    maintenance — the adjective regular calls for the noun meaning upkeep.

28. کارت ۲۸

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    Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: The source is reli____ because its methods are transparent.

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    reliable — the linking verb is calls for the adjective form of rely.

29. کارت ۲۹

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    Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: The distances were measured accur_____ before comparison.

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    accurately — the missing word modifies were measured, so the adverb form is needed.

30. کارت ۳۰

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    Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: Each participant made a contri______ to the final report.

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    contribution — a ... to calls for the singular noun form of contribute.

31. کارت ۳۱

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    Complete the Words — what should you do if one gap is taking too long?

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    Enter the strongest context-based completion, continue, and revisit it if time remains.

32. کارت ۳۲

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    Complete the Words — what practice method matches the real task better than isolated spelling drills?

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    Restore missing letters inside complete academic paragraphs, using syntax and meaning together.

33. کارت ۳۳

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    Read in Daily Life — what kind of material appears in this task?

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    Short, nonacademic texts drawn from ordinary daily situations.

34. کارت ۳۴

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    Read in Daily Life — about how long can a text be?

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    Roughly 15–150 words.

35. کارت ۳۵

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    Read in Daily Life — how many questions usually follow one text?

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    Two or three multiple-choice questions, depending on the text's length.

36. کارت ۳۶

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    Read in Daily Life — which text formats should you be ready to see?

    پاسخ

    Everyday formats such as notices, schedules, emails, messages, menus, forms, receipts, advertisements, and web posts.

37. کارت ۳۷

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    Read in Daily Life — how should you read a schedule, menu, or form?

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    Follow its layout first. Headings, rows, columns, labels, and symbols show how the information is organized.

38. کارت ۳۸

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    Read in Daily Life — what should you identify when a question asks why the text was written?

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    The writer's main purpose, such as informing, requesting, warning, inviting, or advertising.

39. کارت ۳۹

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    Read in Daily Life — what is the fastest way to find one date, price, place, or deadline?

    پاسخ

    Scan for the exact detail and its label instead of rereading every line at the same speed.

40. کارت ۴۰

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    Read in Daily Life — how should you handle an unfamiliar informal phrase?

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    Infer its practical meaning from the situation, tone, and nearby words.

41. کارت ۴۱

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    Read in Daily Life — what evidence supports an implied-meaning answer?

    پاسخ

    Several clues in the text that point to the same conclusion, even though it is not stated directly.

42. کارت ۴۲

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    Read in Daily Life — how should you interpret telegraphic wording such as No entry after 6?

    پاسخ

    Expand the compressed wording into its full practical message: entry is not allowed after 6.

43. کارت ۴۳

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    Read in Daily Life — how can you resolve a pronoun such as it or they?

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    Match it to the nearby noun that fits both the grammar and the message's meaning.

44. کارت ۴۴

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    Read in Daily Life — what quick workflow balances speed with accuracy?

    پاسخ

    Skim for purpose and layout, read the question, then scan the text for the specific evidence.

45. کارت ۴۵

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    Read an Academic Passage — what kind of text appears in this task?

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    A short expository passage like one used in secondary or higher education.

46. کارت ۴۶

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    Read an Academic Passage — about how long is each passage?

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    Approximately 200 words.

47. کارت ۴۷

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    Read an Academic Passage — how many questions follow a passage?

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    Five questions.

48. کارت ۴۸

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    Read an Academic Passage — which subject areas may appear?

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    Fields such as history, arts, business, economics, life science, physical science, and social science.

49. کارت ۴۹

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    Read an Academic Passage — do you need prior knowledge of the topic?

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    No. The passage provides the information needed to answer its questions.

50. کارت ۵۰

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    Read an Academic Passage — can you refer back to the text while answering?

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    Yes. The reading text remains visible throughout the task.

51. کارت ۵۱

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    Read an Academic Passage — what should a main-idea answer cover?

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    The passage's central point, broad enough to include its major supporting ideas without adding a new claim.

52. کارت ۵۲

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    Read an Academic Passage — how should you verify an answer about a factual detail?

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    Locate the relevant sentence, then check enough surrounding context to avoid reversing or overstating the fact.

53. کارت ۵۳

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    Read an Academic Passage — how should you determine a word's meaning in context?

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    Substitute each plausible meaning into the sentence and keep the one that fits the local idea and tone.

54. کارت ۵۴

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    Read an Academic Passage — what makes an inference defensible?

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    It follows from evidence in the passage without requiring an unsupported extra assumption.

55. کارت ۵۵

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    Read an Academic Passage — how can you track the relationship between two ideas?

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    Name the link explicitly: cause and effect, contrast, comparison, example, sequence, or problem and solution.

56. کارت ۵۶

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    Read an Academic Passage — what does a rhetorical-structure question ask you to recognize?

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    How the author organizes information to develop the passage, such as by comparison or cause and effect.

57. کارت ۵۷

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    Read an Academic Passage — how is an author's-purpose question different from a detail question?

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    It asks why the author included a statement or section, not merely what that part says.

58. کارت ۵۸

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    Read an Academic Passage — how should you unpack a long sentence with complex grammar?

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    Find the main subject and verb first, then attach modifying phrases and clauses to the ideas they describe.

59. کارت ۵۹

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    Read an Academic Passage — how should you interpret figurative or idiomatic language?

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    Use the surrounding claim and tone to recover the intended meaning, rather than reading every word literally.

60. کارت ۶۰

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    Read an Academic Passage — how can a paragraph's first and last sentences help?

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    They often reveal the paragraph's main role, while the middle supplies explanation or evidence.

61. کارت ۶۱

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    Read an Academic Passage — what should decide between the passage and your outside knowledge?

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    The passage. Choose the answer supported by the text even when you know more about the topic.

62. کارت ۶۲

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    Read an Academic Passage — what do signal words such as however, because, and for example reveal?

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    The logical move between ideas: contrast, cause, or illustration.

63. کارت ۶۳

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    Read an Academic Passage — which wrong answers should you eliminate first?

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    Choices that contradict the text, distort its scope, or answer a different question.

64. کارت ۶۴

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    Read an Academic Passage — what is the most efficient rereading strategy after you see a question?

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    Return to the relevant sentence or paragraph, then widen the context only if the answer depends on a larger relationship.

65. کارت ۶۵

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    Listen and Choose a Response — what do you do after hearing the prompt?

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    Choose the reply that best fits the prompt. Match the speaker's meaning and purpose, not just a repeated word.

66. کارت ۶۶

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    Listen and Choose a Response — which abilities does this task target?

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    Understanding meaning, speaker intent, and common patterns of spoken English. The best response must make sense in the exchange.

67. کارت ۶۷

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    Listen and Choose a Response — what should you identify before comparing the options?

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    The prompt's communicative purpose. Decide whether it is a question, request, suggestion, apology, invitation, or comment.

68. کارت ۶۸

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    Listen and Choose a Response — how does a question word narrow the answer?

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    It signals the information needed. For example, when calls for a time, while why calls for a reason.

69. کارت ۶۹

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    Listen and Choose a Response — why can a response without yes or no fit a yes-or-no question?

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    An indirect reply can still answer the real question. The lab closes at six can explain whether there is time to visit it.

70. کارت ۷۰

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    Listen and Choose a Response — what makes a reply suitable for a request?

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    It accepts, refuses, or addresses the requested action naturally. A reply about the same topic can still miss the request.

71. کارت ۷۱

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    Listen and Choose a Response — what is the updated Listening section's published base length?

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    47 items in about 29 minutes. ETS notes that item count and time may vary as the section adapts.

72. کارت ۷۲

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    Listen and Choose a Response — how should you handle a negatively worded question?

    پاسخ

    Work out the speaker's actual concern before choosing. Do not select an option only because it repeats the negative word.

73. کارت ۷۳

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    Listen and Choose a Response — what is the repeated-word trap?

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    A distractor echoes vocabulary from the prompt but does not form a logical reply. Test the conversational link, not the word match.

74. کارت ۷۴

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    Listen and Choose a Response — what should you do with an unfamiliar expression?

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    Infer its function from tone and context. You often need the speaker's intent more than a word-for-word definition.

75. کارت ۷۵

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    Listen and Choose a Response — when two options are grammatical, what decides between them?

    پاسخ

    Conversational relevance. Choose the option a person would naturally say next in that situation.

76. کارت ۷۶

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    Listen and Choose a Response — what does multistage adaptive mean for the Listening section?

    پاسخ

    The section adjusts to your ability as you progress. Its four task types stay the same, but the item count and timing may vary.

77. کارت ۷۷

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    Listen to a Conversation — what setting is most typical?

    پاسخ

    A campus-life conversation between two people. The exchange may involve a problem, plan, service, class, or student activity.

78. کارت ۷۸

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    Listen to a Conversation — which four kinds of understanding does ETS emphasize?

    پاسخ

    Main ideas, key details, speaker intent, and implied meaning. Listen for both what is said and why it is said.

79. کارت ۷۹

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    Listen to a Conversation — how can you capture the main idea in one line?

    پاسخ

    Write the speakers' shared purpose or central problem. A topic label alone is usually too broad.

80. کارت ۸۰

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    Listen to a Conversation — what should you track about each speaker?

    پاسخ

    Each speaker's role and goal. Knowing who needs information, approval, or action makes the exchange easier to follow.

81. کارت ۸۱

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    Listen to a Conversation — what compact note pattern fits a problem-solving exchange?

    پاسخ

    Problem → options → decision. Add the reason for the final choice if the speakers give one.

82. کارت ۸۲

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    Listen to a Conversation — which details are most worth writing down?

    پاسخ

    Details that change the plan or explain a choice. Dates, requirements, obstacles, and decisions usually matter more than examples or greetings.

83. کارت ۸۳

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    Listen to a Conversation — how can tone reveal speaker intent?

    پاسخ

    Tone can show doubt, relief, hesitation, politeness, or disagreement. Combine it with the speaker's words before inferring intent.

84. کارت ۸۴

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    Listen to a Conversation — what supports a sound inference?

    پاسخ

    Two or more clues from the exchange. Choose what follows from the speakers' words and situation, not what is merely possible.

85. کارت ۸۵

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    Listen to a Conversation — why should you expect paraphrases in the options?

    پاسخ

    Correct answers often restate the audio with different words. Match the idea rather than waiting for an exact phrase.

86. کارت ۸۶

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    Listen to a Conversation — how can a two-column note layout help?

    پاسخ

    Give each speaker a column. This keeps requests, objections, and decisions attached to the right person.

87. کارت ۸۷

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    Listen to a Conversation — how do you predict a likely next action?

    پاسخ

    Use the final decision plus any stated condition. The next action should follow directly from where the speakers leave the situation.

88. کارت ۸۸

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    Listen to a Conversation — why can one memorable sentence be misleading?

    پاسخ

    A single sentence may describe an option that the speakers later reject. Follow the whole exchange before choosing the outcome.

89. کارت ۸۹

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    Listen to an Announcement — where does this task usually take place?

    پاسخ

    In an academic or campus setting. Expect a focused message about information students or staff need to act on.

90. کارت ۹۰

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    Listen to an Announcement — which abilities does the task measure?

    پاسخ

    Understanding purpose, key information, implied meaning, and likely next actions. The message often combines facts with instructions.

    

    ۱۸۰ کارت

    TOEFL iBT Flashcards: 12 Task Types, Vocabulary & Strategy

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91. کارت ۹۱

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    Listen to an Announcement — what should your first note capture?

    پاسخ

    The announcement's purpose. Write the reason for the message before collecting its supporting logistics.

92. کارت ۹۲

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    Listen to an Announcement — which four logistics labels keep notes organized?

    پاسخ

    Who, what, when, and where. Add a required action when the message asks listeners to do something.

93. کارت ۹۳

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    Listen to an Announcement — which words often signal a change to an earlier plan?

    پاسخ

    Words such as instead, now, rescheduled, and rather than. Put the updated information in your notes, not just the original plan.

94. کارت ۹۴

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    Listen to an Announcement — how should you record a reason and its result?

    پاسخ

    Link them as cause → consequence. This prevents you from confusing why the change happened with what listeners must do.

95. کارت ۹۵

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    Listen to an Announcement — how do you identify the likely next action?

    پاسخ

    Look for instructions, deadlines, and eligibility conditions. The expected action must fit all three when they are stated.

96. کارت ۹۶

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    Listen to an Announcement — what makes an implied conclusion safe?

    پاسخ

    It follows from explicit facts in the message. Do not add campus rules or procedures that the speaker never mentions.

97. کارت ۹۷

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    Listen to an Announcement — how should you handle numbers, dates, and room names?

    پاسخ

    Write them in short form as soon as you hear them. Exact logistical details are harder to reconstruct from memory than the main purpose.

98. کارت ۹۸

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    Listen to an Announcement — what evidence should control your answer?

    پاسخ

    The speaker's actual message. Familiar campus routines may sound plausible, but they are not evidence unless the audio supports them.

99. کارت ۹۹

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    Listen to an Academic Talk — what kind of audio do you hear?

    پاسخ

    A short academic talk by a professor or expert. It is focused rather than a long lecture set.

100. کارت ۱۰۰

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     Listen to an Academic Talk — do you need specialist knowledge of the subject?

     پاسخ

     No. ETS uses varied academic fields, but the information needed to answer comes from the talk itself.

101. کارت ۱۰۱

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     Listen to an Academic Talk — which kinds of understanding does ETS target?

     پاسخ

     Main ideas, supporting details, organization, inferences, and sometimes uncommon or idiomatic vocabulary.

102. کارت ۱۰۲

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     Listen to an Academic Talk — how should you phrase the main idea in your notes?

     پاسخ

     Write the topic plus the professor's central point about it. A bare subject name does not capture the talk's direction.

103. کارت ۱۰۳

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     Listen to an Academic Talk — which common structures should you listen for?

     پاسخ

     Comparison, cause and effect, a sequence, a definition with examples, or a problem with a solution. The structure shows how details connect.

104. کارت ۱۰۴

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     Listen to an Academic Talk — what do signposts such as first, however, and as a result reveal?

     پاسخ

     The relationship between ideas. They can mark sequence, contrast, or consequence before the content is complete.

105. کارت ۱۰۵

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     Listen to an Academic Talk — how can you tell why the speaker gives an example?

     پاسخ

     Connect the example to the claim immediately before it. The example may illustrate, support, qualify, or challenge that point.

106. کارت ۱۰۶

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     Listen to an Academic Talk — what is an efficient comparison note?

     پاسخ

     Name both subjects and record one shared feature or key difference. Keep each feature aligned with the correct subject.

107. کارت ۱۰۷

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     Listen to an Academic Talk — what note symbol clarifies a causal chain?

     پاسخ

     Use arrows: cause → immediate effect → wider result. This preserves order when several consequences are discussed.

108. کارت ۱۰۸

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     Listen to an Academic Talk — how should you record a new term?

     پاسخ

     Write the term, a short definition, and one example if given. Keep the example attached to the concept it illustrates.

109. کارت ۱۰۹

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     Listen to an Academic Talk — what makes an inference stronger than a guess?

     پاسخ

     It combines the speaker's claim, supporting detail, and tone. A reasonable fact from outside the talk is still not enough.

110. کارت ۱۱۰

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     Listen to an Academic Talk — how can context unlock an uncommon word?

     پاسخ

     Use the surrounding definition, contrast, example, or result. Infer the meaning needed in that sentence rather than a complete dictionary entry.

111. کارت ۱۱۱

     پرسش

     Listen to an Academic Talk — how should you interpret an idiomatic phrase?

     پاسخ

     Read it through the speaker's point and tone, not word by word. The intended meaning must fit the surrounding explanation.

112. کارت ۱۱۲

     پرسش

     Listen to an Academic Talk — what note hierarchy keeps details useful?

     پاسخ

     Main idea → major point → evidence or example. Indentation helps you see which detail supports which claim.

113. کارت ۱۱۳

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     Listen to an Academic Talk — why should you mark a correction or qualification?

     پاسخ

     It may replace or narrow an earlier statement. The revised idea, not the first rough version, is usually the one that matters.

114. کارت ۱۱۴

     پرسش

     Listen to an Academic Talk — how can the ending help you check your notes?

     پاسخ

     Use the closing summary or conclusion to confirm the central point. Update your main-idea note if the talk's direction became clearer.

115. کارت ۱۱۵

     پرسش

     Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks. Start with The seminar and end with at noon: the seminar / begins / at noon

     پاسخ

     The seminar begins at noon.

116. کارت ۱۱۶

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     Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks. Start with The research team and end with its findings: has / the research team / published / its findings

     پاسخ

     The research team has published its findings.

117. کارت ۱۱۷

     پرسش

     Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks. Start with The field trip and end with heavy rain: was postponed / because of heavy rain / the field trip

     پاسخ

     The field trip was postponed because of heavy rain.

118. کارت ۱۱۸

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     Build a Sentence — combine the ideas with although: The course is demanding. It remains popular.

     پاسخ

     Although the course is demanding, it remains popular.

119. کارت ۱۱۹

     پرسش

     Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks: that opened last month / the café / hires student musicians

     پاسخ

     The café that opened last month hires student musicians.

120. کارت ۱۲۰

     پرسش

     Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks as a question: the library / when / does / close

     پاسخ

     When does the library close?

121. کارت ۱۲۱

     پرسش

     Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks. Start with The bus and end with we arrived: had already left / when / we arrived / the bus

     پاسخ

     The bus had already left when we arrived.

122. کارت ۱۲۲

     پرسش

     Build a Sentence — combine the ideas with an infinitive of purpose: Lena visited the office. She wanted to replace her ID card.

     پاسخ

     Lena visited the office to replace her ID card.

123. کارت ۱۲۳

     پرسش

     Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks. Start with The hikers and end with the path was icy: because / the path was icy / the hikers turned back

     پاسخ

     The hikers turned back because the path was icy.

124. کارت ۱۲۴

     پرسش

     Build a Sentence — complete the comparison: This route is ___ than the coastal road. Use short.

     پاسخ

     This route is shorter than the coastal road.

125. کارت ۱۲۵

     پرسش

     Build a Sentence — correct the agreement error: The list of required books are on the course page.

     پاسخ

     The list of required books is on the course page. The singular head noun list controls the verb.

126. کارت ۱۲۶

     پرسش

     Build a Sentence — correct the embedded question: Could you tell me where is the advising office?

     پاسخ

     Could you tell me where the advising office is? Embedded questions use statement word order.

127. کارت ۱۲۷

     پرسش

     Build a Sentence — the next day, report Ana's statement from the previous evening: I will send the file tonight.

     پاسخ

     Ana said that she would send the file that night.

128. کارت ۱۲۸

     پرسش

     Build a Sentence — complete the real conditional with will and a form of print: If the printer is available, I ___ the forms now.

     پاسخ

     If the printer is available, I will print the forms now.

129. کارت ۱۲۹

     پرسش

     Build a Sentence — choose the correct verb: There ___ several quiet rooms upstairs.

     پاسخ

     There are several quiet rooms upstairs.

130. کارت ۱۳۰

     پرسش

     Build a Sentence — fix the parallel structure: The workshop teaches students to plan projects, managing time, and how to present results.

     پاسخ

     The workshop teaches students to plan projects, manage time, and present results.

131. کارت ۱۳۱

     پرسش

     Build a Sentence — place often naturally: Students use the study rooms after class.

     پاسخ

     Students often use the study rooms after class.

132. کارت ۱۳۲

     پرسش

     Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks: did we notice / only after the lab closed / the missing key

     پاسخ

     Only after the lab closed did we notice the missing key.

133. کارت ۱۳۳

     پرسش

     Write an Email — you need an extension from an instructor. What tone fits?

     پاسخ

     Polite and direct. State the request clearly, give the relevant reason, and avoid either casual slang or exaggerated formality.

134. کارت ۱۳۴

     پرسش

     Write an Email — what should the opening establish first?

     پاسخ

     Why you are writing. Give the reader the purpose before supporting details.

135. کارت ۱۳۵

     پرسش

     Write an Email — make this request polite and specific: Send me the new schedule.

     پاسخ

     Could you please send me the updated schedule?

136. کارت ۱۳۶

     پرسش

     Write an Email — a classmate sent useful notes. What should a clear reply do before adding a question?

     پاسخ

     Acknowledge the help, then ask the question. This keeps the response connected to the message.

137. کارت ۱۳۷

     پرسش

     Write an Email — after making a request, what kind of reason is most useful?

     پاسخ

     A brief, relevant reason that helps the reader understand the request. Unrelated background weakens the message.

138. کارت ۱۳۸

     پرسش

     Write an Email — the study room is unavailable. What move turns the complaint into a solution?

     پاسخ

     Propose a practical alternative, such as moving the meeting to another room or time.

139. کارت ۱۳۹

     پرسش

     Write an Email — ask politely whether a workshop begins at 9:00 a.m.

     پاسخ

     Could you confirm whether the workshop begins at 9:00 a.m.?

140. کارت ۱۴۰

     پرسش

     Write an Email — what should you compare with the prompt before submitting?

     پاسخ

     Every requested content point, the audience, and the purpose. Make sure none has been skipped.

141. کارت ۱۴۱

     پرسش

     Write an Email — when two requested points are different, how can you make both easy to find?

     پاسخ

     Give each point its own clear sentence or short paragraph instead of burying both in one long sentence.

142. کارت ۱۴۲

     پرسش

     Write an Email — revise the vague sentence: It caused a problem, so I need it changed. The problem is a lab time that overlaps with a lecture.

     پاسخ

     The lab overlaps with my lecture, so I need to change my lab time.

143. کارت ۱۴۳

     پرسش

     Write an Email — which detail should you cut first during a quick clarity edit?

     پاسخ

     A detail that does not help the reader understand or act on the email's purpose.

144. کارت ۱۴۴

     پرسش

     Write an Email — what should a closing make clear?

     پاسخ

     The next step or the response you need, followed by a suitable sign-off.

145. کارت ۱۴۵

     پرسش

     Academic Discussion — what should your first sentence make clear?

     پاسخ

     Your position on the question. A direct claim gives the rest of the response a clear direction.

146. کارت ۱۴۶

     پرسش

     Academic Discussion — what should follow a position so it becomes an argument?

     پاسخ

     A relevant reason that explains why the position makes sense.

147. کارت ۱۴۷

     پرسش

     Academic Discussion — which support is stronger: This is better or a specific campus example?

     پاسخ

     A specific campus example. It shows how the reason works instead of repeating the claim.

148. کارت ۱۴۸

     پرسش

     Academic Discussion — how can you disagree with a classmate without sounding dismissive?

     پاسخ

     Acknowledge the classmate's point, then state the specific limit or alternative you see.

149. کارت ۱۴۹

     پرسش

     Academic Discussion — complete the concession frame: Although online courses offer flexibility, ...

     پاسخ

     Although online courses offer flexibility, some students learn better with regular face-to-face discussion.

150. کارت ۱۵۰

     پرسش

     Academic Discussion — a classmate gives an example but no broader lesson. What useful move can you add?

     پاسخ

     Explain what the example suggests about the discussion question. This extends the idea instead of restating it.

151. کارت ۱۵۱

     پرسش

     Academic Discussion — revise the overbroad claim: Group projects always teach every student leadership.

     پاسخ

     Group projects can teach leadership when students share responsibility for decisions and results.

152. کارت ۱۵۲

     پرسش

     Academic Discussion — why should you avoid everyone knows as support?

     پاسخ

     It treats an unsupported assumption as evidence. Give a reason or example that the reader can evaluate.

153. کارت ۱۵۳

     پرسش

     Academic Discussion — link this example to the claim: A later library closing time would help students. Many science labs finish at 9:00 p.m.

     پاسخ

     A later closing time would help because students leaving evening labs could still use the library.

154. کارت ۱۵۴

     پرسش

     Academic Discussion — which connector clearly introduces a contrast with the previous idea?

     پاسخ

     However introduces a contrasting point. The contrast itself must still be clear from the sentences.

155. کارت ۱۵۵

     پرسش

     Academic Discussion — replace the vague support: Technology helps students in many ways. Give one concrete mechanism.

     پاسخ

     Recorded lectures help students review an explanation they did not understand the first time.

156. کارت ۱۵۶

     پرسش

     Academic Discussion — correct the agreement error: Each of the proposals offer a different benefit.

     پاسخ

     Each of the proposals offers a different benefit.

157. کارت ۱۵۷

     پرسش

     Academic Discussion — fix the run-on sentence: Campus buses reduce traffic they also make commuting cheaper.

     پاسخ

     Campus buses reduce traffic, and they also make commuting cheaper.

158. کارت ۱۵۸

     پرسش

     Academic Discussion — which connector clearly introduces a result?

     پاسخ

     Therefore introduces a result or conclusion that follows from the previous idea.

159. کارت ۱۵۹

     پرسش

     Academic Discussion — what four items belong in a fast final check?

     پاسخ

     A clear position, a relevant reason, specific support, and sentences that connect logically.

160. کارت ۱۶۰

     پرسش

     Academic Discussion — why is a memorized paragraph a poor substitute for a flexible response plan?

     پاسخ

     It may not answer the actual question or connect to the discussion. Use a simple claim–reason–example plan and write for the prompt you receive.

161. کارت ۱۶۱

     پرسش

     Listen and Repeat — how many items does the updated task contain?

     پاسخ

     Seven items. Together with four Take an Interview questions, they make the Speaking section's 11 items in about eight minutes.

162. کارت ۱۶۲

     پرسش

     Listen and Repeat — what must you do with each sentence?

     پاسخ

     Repeat it exactly as you hear it. This is a reproduction task, so do not summarize or improve the wording.

163. کارت ۱۶۳

     پرسش

     Listen and Repeat — which two qualities does the task directly measure?

     پاسخ

     Accuracy and clear intelligibility. Your speech should preserve the sentence and be easy for a proficient English speaker to understand.

164. کارت ۱۶۴

     پرسش

     Listen and Repeat — how does difficulty progress within the task?

     پاسخ

     Sentences grow longer and more complex. They may move from one simple clause to dependent clauses, relative clauses, or complex noun phrases.

165. کارت ۱۶۵

     پرسش

     Listen and Repeat — what is the most useful way to hold a longer sentence in memory?

     پاسخ

     Keep it in meaning chunks. Follow the sentence's phrases and clauses instead of trying to store an unbroken string of words.

166. کارت ۱۶۶

     پرسش

     Listen and Repeat — what should you preserve besides the words?

     پاسخ

     The sentence's rhythm, stress, and intonation. These features divide meaning into clear spoken groups and support intelligibility.

167. کارت ۱۶۷

     پرسش

     Listen and Repeat — which small language features are easy to lose?

     پاسخ

     Articles, prepositions, auxiliary verbs, and word endings. Listen for these grammatical signals as carefully as the main content words.

168. کارت ۱۶۸

     پرسش

     Listen and Repeat — what should you do after a minor slip while speaking?

     پاسخ

     Continue smoothly with the sentence. A long restart can damage rhythm and cause you to lose more of the utterance.

169. کارت ۱۶۹

     پرسش

     Take an Interview — how many questions are in the updated task?

     پاسخ

     Four questions. They follow the seven Listen and Repeat items in the 11-item Speaking section.

170. کارت ۱۷۰

     پرسش

     Take an Interview — what kind of interaction does the task simulate?

     پاسخ

     An interview related to an academic or campus situation. You respond directly to questions rather than giving a memorized speech.

171. کارت ۱۷۱

     پرسش

     Take an Interview — what kinds of content may you be asked to discuss?

     پاسخ

     Your experiences, preferences, and opinions. Questions can also invite descriptions, explanations, suggestions, predictions, or short narratives.

172. کارت ۱۷۲

     پرسش

     Take an Interview — do you need specialized subject knowledge?

     پاسخ

     No. The scenarios use accessible academic or campus contexts so you can show your English, not prior expertise.

173. کارت ۱۷۳

     پرسش

     Take an Interview — what context appears before the questions?

     پاسخ

     A scenario introduction presented in audio and print. A schematic image, map, form, or speaker photo may also provide context.

174. کارت ۱۷۴

     پرسش

     Take an Interview — what should the first sentence of an answer do?

     پاسخ

     Answer the question directly. Give your choice, position, or main information before explaining it.

175. کارت ۱۷۵

     پرسش

     Take an Interview — what simple structure supports clear elaboration?

     پاسخ

     Answer → reason → concrete detail. This structure develops one point without turning the response into a list.

176. کارت ۱۷۶

     پرسش

     Take an Interview — how can you make an opinion answer coherent?

     پاسخ

     State one position and support it consistently. A clear reason matters more than mentioning several weak or conflicting ideas.

177. کارت ۱۷۷

     پرسش

     Take an Interview — what makes a personal example useful?

     پاسخ

     It clearly supports your answer. Keep only the context, action, and result needed to show the connection.

178. کارت ۱۷۸

     پرسش

     Take an Interview — how should you answer a suggestion or prediction question?

     پاسخ

     Give the suggestion or prediction first, then explain the likely result. Make the link between action and outcome explicit.

179. کارت ۱۷۹

     پرسش

     Take an Interview — which delivery qualities matter across the responses?

     پاسخ

     Clear speech, a natural pace, intelligible pronunciation, and coherent elaboration. Suitable vocabulary and accurate grammar support the message.

180. کارت ۱۸۰

     پرسش

     Take an Interview — what should you do if you need a moment to plan?

     پاسخ

     Pause briefly, choose one main point, and begin. Long silence is less useful than a simple answer you can develop clearly.

۱۸۰ کارت

TOEFL iBT Flashcards: 12 Task Types, Vocabulary & Strategy

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