TOEFL iBT overview — what is the section order in the current test?

Reading, Listening, Writing, then Speaking.

TOEFL iBT overview — how much time should you allow for the full test session?

About two hours. The published section base times do not include directions, and adaptive sections can vary.

TOEFL iBT overview — what does two-stage adaptivity mean for your Reading or Listening path?

Your performance in the first, routing stage determines whether you receive a lower- or upper-level second module.

TOEFL iBT overview — what score scale applies to tests taken from January 21, 2026?

The 1–6 scale. During a two-year transition, ETS also reports a comparable overall score on the 0–120 scale.

TOEFL iBT overview — what are the Reading section's published base size and time?

50 items in approximately 30 minutes. The actual item count and time may vary as the test adapts.

TOEFL iBT overview — what are the three Reading task types?

Complete the Words, Read in Daily Life, and Read an Academic Passage.

TOEFL iBT overview — what are the four Listening task types?

Listen and Choose a Response, Listen to a Conversation, Listen to an Announcement, and Listen to an Academic Talk.

TOEFL iBT overview — what are the three Writing task types?

Build a Sentence, Write an Email, and Write for an Academic Discussion.

TOEFL iBT overview — what are the two Speaking task types?

Listen and Repeat, and Take an Interview.

TOEFL iBT overview — what minimum participation is required for the test to be scored?

Answer at least one Reading item and one Listening item, and complete at least one Speaking task and one Writing task.

Complete the Words — what core ability does this task measure?

Processing an academic text for both meaning and form, including vocabulary, grammar, and spelling.

Complete the Words — what kind of text do you complete?

An academic paragraph of roughly 70–100 words.

Complete the Words — what is special about the paragraph's opening sentence?

It is complete. Use it to establish the topic and context before filling any gaps.

Complete the Words — which parts of words disappear after the opening sentence?

The latter half of every second word.

Complete the Words — what do you supply for each incomplete word?

The missing letters that restore the original word.

Complete the Words — which context should you check first for a difficult gap?

The whole sentence around the gap. It usually reveals the needed grammar and immediate meaning.

Complete the Words — how does identifying the missing word's part of speech help?

It narrows the possibilities to the needed noun, verb, adjective, adverb, or function word.

Complete the Words — how should you use the letters that remain visible?

Treat them as a fixed word beginning, then test completions that fit both grammar and meaning.

Complete the Words — why is a locally plausible word not always enough?

It must also fit the paragraph's larger idea. A grammatical word can still make the passage incoherent.

Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: The committee approved an alloc_____ of funds to the library.

allocation — the article an and the phrase of funds call for the noun form of allocate.

Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: A careful anal____ of the samples revealed the pattern.

analysis — the adjective careful and the phrase of the samples call for a noun.

Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: The findings provide clear evid____ for the new explanation.

evidence — provide clear ... for requires the noun form.

Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: Seasonal vari_____ in rainfall affects the reservoir.

variation — the adjective seasonal, the singular verb affects, and the preposition in point to this noun form of vary.

Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: Regular maint______ keeps the laboratory equipment safe.

maintenance — the adjective regular calls for the noun meaning upkeep.

Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: The source is reli____ because its methods are transparent.

reliable — the linking verb is calls for the adjective form of rely.

Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: The distances were measured accur_____ before comparison.

accurately — the missing word modifies were measured, so the adverb form is needed.

Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: Each participant made a contri______ to the final report.

contribution — a ... to calls for the singular noun form of contribute.

Complete the Words — what should you do if one gap is taking too long?

Enter the strongest context-based completion, continue, and revisit it if time remains.

Complete the Words — what practice method matches the real task better than isolated spelling drills?

Restore missing letters inside complete academic paragraphs, using syntax and meaning together.

Read in Daily Life — what kind of material appears in this task?

Short, nonacademic texts drawn from ordinary daily situations.

Read in Daily Life — how many questions usually follow one text?

Two or three multiple-choice questions, depending on the text's length.

Read in Daily Life — which text formats should you be ready to see?

Everyday formats such as notices, schedules, emails, messages, menus, forms, receipts, advertisements, and web posts.

Read in Daily Life — how should you read a schedule, menu, or form?

Follow its layout first. Headings, rows, columns, labels, and symbols show how the information is organized.

Read in Daily Life — what should you identify when a question asks why the text was written?

The writer's main purpose, such as informing, requesting, warning, inviting, or advertising.

Read in Daily Life — what is the fastest way to find one date, price, place, or deadline?

Scan for the exact detail and its label instead of rereading every line at the same speed.

Read in Daily Life — how should you handle an unfamiliar informal phrase?

Infer its practical meaning from the situation, tone, and nearby words.

Read in Daily Life — what evidence supports an implied-meaning answer?

Several clues in the text that point to the same conclusion, even though it is not stated directly.

Read in Daily Life — how should you interpret telegraphic wording such as No entry after 6?

Expand the compressed wording into its full practical message: entry is not allowed after 6.

Read in Daily Life — how can you resolve a pronoun such as it or they?

Match it to the nearby noun that fits both the grammar and the message's meaning.

Read in Daily Life — what quick workflow balances speed with accuracy?

Skim for purpose and layout, read the question, then scan the text for the specific evidence.

Read an Academic Passage — what kind of text appears in this task?

A short expository passage like one used in secondary or higher education.

Read an Academic Passage — which subject areas may appear?

Fields such as history, arts, business, economics, life science, physical science, and social science.

Read an Academic Passage — do you need prior knowledge of the topic?

No. The passage provides the information needed to answer its questions.

Read an Academic Passage — can you refer back to the text while answering?

Yes. The reading text remains visible throughout the task.

Read an Academic Passage — what should a main-idea answer cover?

The passage's central point, broad enough to include its major supporting ideas without adding a new claim.

TOEFL iBT Flashcards: 12 Task Types, Vocabulary & Strategy

Study the 12 current TOEFL iBT task types with 180 original cards on vocabulary, sentence patterns, task decisions, and reusable strategy cues.

Tác giả Open Study Contributor

Về bộ thẻ này

The TOEFL iBT changed worldwide on January 21, 2026. This independently written English deck gives you a compact active-recall layer for the current format: 180 cards across all 12 Reading, Listening, Writing, and Speaking task types.

Reviewed for the 2026 TOEFL iBT format.

What the cards ask you to retrieve

current task name → format and skill being measured
partial word or short original context → spelling, meaning, or word form
sentence cue → grammatical structure
original scenario or common miss pattern → the next useful decision
communicative purpose → a natural response, email, discussion, or speaking move
claim, detail, transition, or speaker cue → its role in comprehension

The sequence starts with a map of the 12 tasks, then follows the test order: Reading, Listening, Writing, and Speaking. Within each task, basic recognition comes before strategy decisions and production cues. Every card has the root toefl-ibt tag and one section tag.

What's deliberately left out

This deck is not a full TOEFL course, test simulation, official preparation product, or promise of a score. It does not reproduce adaptive Reading or Listening, one-play audio, pronunciation assessment, spontaneous speaking, or complete timed writing. Return to current ETS materials for that performance practice.

The deck also excludes copied exam questions, passages, answer choices, scoring rubrics, mark schemes, and curriculum text. It does not mechanically add definition-to-word reverse cards, because isolated reverse recall is often ambiguous; production directions appear only when a specific context or sentence makes the answer useful and clear.

Scope was reviewed against the current ETS test content page and the TOEFL iBT 2026 Test Blueprint and Specifications. Check those official sources for current requirements and later changes.

Facts and official task names are not claimed as original. The CC0 dedication applies to the deck's independently written prompts, answers, examples, organization, metadata, and original generated cover to the extent the contributor can dedicate those elements.

This independent, unofficial deck is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by ETS. TOEFL® and TOEFL iBT® are trademarks of ETS. No official questions, mark schemes, scoring rubrics, curriculum passages, logos, or trade dress are copied.

Thẻ trong bộ này

Thẻ 1
Câu hỏi
TOEFL iBT overview — when did the current test format take effect?
Câu trả lời
January 21, 2026.
Thẻ 2
Câu hỏi
TOEFL iBT overview — what is the section order in the current test?
Câu trả lời
Reading, Listening, Writing, then Speaking.
Thẻ 3
Câu hỏi
TOEFL iBT overview — how much time should you allow for the full test session?
Câu trả lời
About two hours. The published section base times do not include directions, and adaptive sections can vary.
Thẻ 4
Câu hỏi
TOEFL iBT overview — which sections use a multistage adaptive design?
Câu trả lời
Reading and Listening.
Thẻ 5
Câu hỏi
TOEFL iBT overview — what does two-stage adaptivity mean for your Reading or Listening path?
Câu trả lời
Your performance in the first, routing stage determines whether you receive a lower- or upper-level second module.
Thẻ 6
Câu hỏi
TOEFL iBT overview — what score scale applies to tests taken from January 21, 2026?
Câu trả lời
The 1–6 scale. During a two-year transition, ETS also reports a comparable overall score on the 0–120 scale.
Thẻ 7
Câu hỏi
TOEFL iBT overview — what are the Reading section's published base size and time?
Câu trả lời
50 items in approximately 30 minutes. The actual item count and time may vary as the test adapts.
Thẻ 8
Câu hỏi
TOEFL iBT overview — what are the three Reading task types?
Câu trả lời
Complete the Words, Read in Daily Life, and Read an Academic Passage.
Thẻ 9
Câu hỏi
TOEFL iBT overview — what are the four Listening task types?
Câu trả lời
Listen and Choose a Response, Listen to a Conversation, Listen to an Announcement, and Listen to an Academic Talk.
Thẻ 10
Câu hỏi
TOEFL iBT overview — what are the three Writing task types?
Câu trả lời
Build a Sentence, Write an Email, and Write for an Academic Discussion.
Thẻ 11
Câu hỏi
TOEFL iBT overview — what are the two Speaking task types?
Câu trả lời
Listen and Repeat, and Take an Interview.
Thẻ 12
Câu hỏi
TOEFL iBT overview — what minimum participation is required for the test to be scored?
Câu trả lời
Answer at least one Reading item and one Listening item, and complete at least one Speaking task and one Writing task.
Thẻ 13
Câu hỏi
Complete the Words — what core ability does this task measure?
Câu trả lời
Processing an academic text for both meaning and form, including vocabulary, grammar, and spelling.
Thẻ 14
Câu hỏi
Complete the Words — what kind of text do you complete?
Câu trả lời
An academic paragraph of roughly 70–100 words.
Thẻ 15
Câu hỏi
Complete the Words — what is special about the paragraph's opening sentence?
Câu trả lời
It is complete. Use it to establish the topic and context before filling any gaps.
Thẻ 16
Câu hỏi
Complete the Words — which parts of words disappear after the opening sentence?
Câu trả lời
The latter half of every second word.
Thẻ 17
Câu hỏi
Complete the Words — how many words have missing letters in each text?
Câu trả lời
Ten words.
Thẻ 18
Câu hỏi
Complete the Words — what do you supply for each incomplete word?
Câu trả lời
The missing letters that restore the original word.
Thẻ 19
Câu hỏi
Complete the Words — which context should you check first for a difficult gap?
Câu trả lời
The whole sentence around the gap. It usually reveals the needed grammar and immediate meaning.
Thẻ 20
Câu hỏi
Complete the Words — how does identifying the missing word's part of speech help?
Câu trả lời
It narrows the possibilities to the needed noun, verb, adjective, adverb, or function word.
Thẻ 21
Câu hỏi
Complete the Words — how should you use the letters that remain visible?
Câu trả lời
Treat them as a fixed word beginning, then test completions that fit both grammar and meaning.
Thẻ 22
Câu hỏi
Complete the Words — why is a locally plausible word not always enough?
Câu trả lời
It must also fit the paragraph's larger idea. A grammatical word can still make the passage incoherent.
Thẻ 23
Câu hỏi
Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: The committee approved an alloc_____ of funds to the library.
Câu trả lời
allocation — the article an and the phrase of funds call for the noun form of allocate.
Thẻ 24
Câu hỏi
Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: A careful anal____ of the samples revealed the pattern.
Câu trả lời
analysis — the adjective careful and the phrase of the samples call for a noun.
Thẻ 25
Câu hỏi
Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: The findings provide clear evid____ for the new explanation.
Câu trả lời
evidence — provide clear ... for requires the noun form.
Thẻ 26
Câu hỏi
Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: Seasonal vari_____ in rainfall affects the reservoir.
Câu trả lời
variation — the adjective seasonal, the singular verb affects, and the preposition in point to this noun form of vary.
Thẻ 27
Câu hỏi
Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: Regular maint______ keeps the laboratory equipment safe.
Câu trả lời
maintenance — the adjective regular calls for the noun meaning upkeep.
Thẻ 28
Câu hỏi
Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: The source is reli____ because its methods are transparent.
Câu trả lời
reliable — the linking verb is calls for the adjective form of rely.
Thẻ 29
Câu hỏi
Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: The distances were measured accur_____ before comparison.
Câu trả lời
accurately — the missing word modifies were measured, so the adverb form is needed.
Thẻ 30
Câu hỏi
Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: Each participant made a contri______ to the final report.
Câu trả lời
contribution — a ... to calls for the singular noun form of contribute.
Thẻ 31
Câu hỏi
Complete the Words — what should you do if one gap is taking too long?
Câu trả lời
Enter the strongest context-based completion, continue, and revisit it if time remains.
Thẻ 32
Câu hỏi
Complete the Words — what practice method matches the real task better than isolated spelling drills?
Câu trả lời
Restore missing letters inside complete academic paragraphs, using syntax and meaning together.
Thẻ 33
Câu hỏi
Read in Daily Life — what kind of material appears in this task?
Câu trả lời
Short, nonacademic texts drawn from ordinary daily situations.
Thẻ 34
Câu hỏi
Read in Daily Life — about how long can a text be?
Câu trả lời
Roughly 15–150 words.
Thẻ 35
Câu hỏi
Read in Daily Life — how many questions usually follow one text?
Câu trả lời
Two or three multiple-choice questions, depending on the text's length.
Thẻ 36
Câu hỏi
Read in Daily Life — which text formats should you be ready to see?
Câu trả lời
Everyday formats such as notices, schedules, emails, messages, menus, forms, receipts, advertisements, and web posts.
Thẻ 37
Câu hỏi
Read in Daily Life — how should you read a schedule, menu, or form?
Câu trả lời
Follow its layout first. Headings, rows, columns, labels, and symbols show how the information is organized.
Thẻ 38
Câu hỏi
Read in Daily Life — what should you identify when a question asks why the text was written?
Câu trả lời
The writer's main purpose, such as informing, requesting, warning, inviting, or advertising.
Thẻ 39
Câu hỏi
Read in Daily Life — what is the fastest way to find one date, price, place, or deadline?
Câu trả lời
Scan for the exact detail and its label instead of rereading every line at the same speed.
Thẻ 40
Câu hỏi
Read in Daily Life — how should you handle an unfamiliar informal phrase?
Câu trả lời
Infer its practical meaning from the situation, tone, and nearby words.
Thẻ 41
Câu hỏi
Read in Daily Life — what evidence supports an implied-meaning answer?
Câu trả lời
Several clues in the text that point to the same conclusion, even though it is not stated directly.
Thẻ 42
Câu hỏi
Read in Daily Life — how should you interpret telegraphic wording such as No entry after 6?
Câu trả lời
Expand the compressed wording into its full practical message: entry is not allowed after 6.
Thẻ 43
Câu hỏi
Read in Daily Life — how can you resolve a pronoun such as it or they?
Câu trả lời
Match it to the nearby noun that fits both the grammar and the message's meaning.
Thẻ 44
Câu hỏi
Read in Daily Life — what quick workflow balances speed with accuracy?
Câu trả lời
Skim for purpose and layout, read the question, then scan the text for the specific evidence.
Thẻ 45
Câu hỏi
Read an Academic Passage — what kind of text appears in this task?
Câu trả lời
A short expository passage like one used in secondary or higher education.
Thẻ 46
Câu hỏi
Read an Academic Passage — about how long is each passage?
Câu trả lời
Approximately 200 words.
Thẻ 47
Câu hỏi
Read an Academic Passage — how many questions follow a passage?
Câu trả lời
Five questions.
Thẻ 48
Câu hỏi
Read an Academic Passage — which subject areas may appear?
Câu trả lời
Fields such as history, arts, business, economics, life science, physical science, and social science.
Thẻ 49
Câu hỏi
Read an Academic Passage — do you need prior knowledge of the topic?
Câu trả lời
No. The passage provides the information needed to answer its questions.
Thẻ 50
Câu hỏi
Read an Academic Passage — can you refer back to the text while answering?
Câu trả lời
Yes. The reading text remains visible throughout the task.
Thẻ 51
Câu hỏi
Read an Academic Passage — what should a main-idea answer cover?
Câu trả lời
The passage's central point, broad enough to include its major supporting ideas without adding a new claim.
Thẻ 52
Câu hỏi
Read an Academic Passage — how should you verify an answer about a factual detail?
Câu trả lời
Locate the relevant sentence, then check enough surrounding context to avoid reversing or overstating the fact.
Thẻ 53
Câu hỏi
Read an Academic Passage — how should you determine a word's meaning in context?
Câu trả lời
Substitute each plausible meaning into the sentence and keep the one that fits the local idea and tone.
Thẻ 54
Câu hỏi
Read an Academic Passage — what makes an inference defensible?
Câu trả lời
It follows from evidence in the passage without requiring an unsupported extra assumption.
Thẻ 55
Câu hỏi
Read an Academic Passage — how can you track the relationship between two ideas?
Câu trả lời
Name the link explicitly: cause and effect, contrast, comparison, example, sequence, or problem and solution.
Thẻ 56
Câu hỏi
Read an Academic Passage — what does a rhetorical-structure question ask you to recognize?
Câu trả lời
How the author organizes information to develop the passage, such as by comparison or cause and effect.
Thẻ 57
Câu hỏi
Read an Academic Passage — how is an author's-purpose question different from a detail question?
Câu trả lời
It asks why the author included a statement or section, not merely what that part says.
Thẻ 58
Câu hỏi
Read an Academic Passage — how should you unpack a long sentence with complex grammar?
Câu trả lời
Find the main subject and verb first, then attach modifying phrases and clauses to the ideas they describe.
Thẻ 59
Câu hỏi
Read an Academic Passage — how should you interpret figurative or idiomatic language?
Câu trả lời
Use the surrounding claim and tone to recover the intended meaning, rather than reading every word literally.
Thẻ 60
Câu hỏi
Read an Academic Passage — how can a paragraph's first and last sentences help?
Câu trả lời
They often reveal the paragraph's main role, while the middle supplies explanation or evidence.
Thẻ 61
Câu hỏi
Read an Academic Passage — what should decide between the passage and your outside knowledge?
Câu trả lời
The passage. Choose the answer supported by the text even when you know more about the topic.
Thẻ 62
Câu hỏi
Read an Academic Passage — what do signal words such as however, because, and for example reveal?
Câu trả lời
The logical move between ideas: contrast, cause, or illustration.
Thẻ 63
Câu hỏi
Read an Academic Passage — which wrong answers should you eliminate first?
Câu trả lời
Choices that contradict the text, distort its scope, or answer a different question.
Thẻ 64
Câu hỏi
Read an Academic Passage — what is the most efficient rereading strategy after you see a question?
Câu trả lời
Return to the relevant sentence or paragraph, then widen the context only if the answer depends on a larger relationship.
Thẻ 65
Câu hỏi
Listen and Choose a Response — what do you do after hearing the prompt?
Câu trả lời
Choose the reply that best fits the prompt. Match the speaker's meaning and purpose, not just a repeated word.
Thẻ 66
Câu hỏi
Listen and Choose a Response — which abilities does this task target?
Câu trả lời
Understanding meaning, speaker intent, and common patterns of spoken English. The best response must make sense in the exchange.
Thẻ 67
Câu hỏi
Listen and Choose a Response — what should you identify before comparing the options?
Câu trả lời
The prompt's communicative purpose. Decide whether it is a question, request, suggestion, apology, invitation, or comment.
Thẻ 68
Câu hỏi
Listen and Choose a Response — how does a question word narrow the answer?
Câu trả lời
It signals the information needed. For example, when calls for a time, while why calls for a reason.
Thẻ 69
Câu hỏi
Listen and Choose a Response — why can a response without yes or no fit a yes-or-no question?
Câu trả lời
An indirect reply can still answer the real question. The lab closes at six can explain whether there is time to visit it.
Thẻ 70
Câu hỏi
Listen and Choose a Response — what makes a reply suitable for a request?
Câu trả lời
It accepts, refuses, or addresses the requested action naturally. A reply about the same topic can still miss the request.
Thẻ 71
Câu hỏi
Listen and Choose a Response — what is the updated Listening section's published base length?
Câu trả lời
47 items in about 29 minutes. ETS notes that item count and time may vary as the section adapts.
Thẻ 72
Câu hỏi
Listen and Choose a Response — how should you handle a negatively worded question?
Câu trả lời
Work out the speaker's actual concern before choosing. Do not select an option only because it repeats the negative word.
Thẻ 73
Câu hỏi
Listen and Choose a Response — what is the repeated-word trap?
Câu trả lời
A distractor echoes vocabulary from the prompt but does not form a logical reply. Test the conversational link, not the word match.
Thẻ 74
Câu hỏi
Listen and Choose a Response — what should you do with an unfamiliar expression?
Câu trả lời
Infer its function from tone and context. You often need the speaker's intent more than a word-for-word definition.
Thẻ 75
Câu hỏi
Listen and Choose a Response — when two options are grammatical, what decides between them?
Câu trả lời
Conversational relevance. Choose the option a person would naturally say next in that situation.
Thẻ 76
Câu hỏi
Listen and Choose a Response — what does multistage adaptive mean for the Listening section?
Câu trả lời
The section adjusts to your ability as you progress. Its four task types stay the same, but the item count and timing may vary.
Thẻ 77
Câu hỏi
Listen to a Conversation — what setting is most typical?
Câu trả lời
A campus-life conversation between two people. The exchange may involve a problem, plan, service, class, or student activity.
Thẻ 78
Câu hỏi
Listen to a Conversation — which four kinds of understanding does ETS emphasize?
Câu trả lời
Main ideas, key details, speaker intent, and implied meaning. Listen for both what is said and why it is said.
Thẻ 79
Câu hỏi
Listen to a Conversation — how can you capture the main idea in one line?
Câu trả lời
Write the speakers' shared purpose or central problem. A topic label alone is usually too broad.
Thẻ 80
Câu hỏi
Listen to a Conversation — what should you track about each speaker?
Câu trả lời
Each speaker's role and goal. Knowing who needs information, approval, or action makes the exchange easier to follow.
Thẻ 81
Câu hỏi
Listen to a Conversation — what compact note pattern fits a problem-solving exchange?
Câu trả lời
Problem → options → decision. Add the reason for the final choice if the speakers give one.
Thẻ 82
Câu hỏi
Listen to a Conversation — which details are most worth writing down?
Câu trả lời
Details that change the plan or explain a choice. Dates, requirements, obstacles, and decisions usually matter more than examples or greetings.
Thẻ 83
Câu hỏi
Listen to a Conversation — how can tone reveal speaker intent?
Câu trả lời
Tone can show doubt, relief, hesitation, politeness, or disagreement. Combine it with the speaker's words before inferring intent.
Thẻ 84
Câu hỏi
Listen to a Conversation — what supports a sound inference?
Câu trả lời
Two or more clues from the exchange. Choose what follows from the speakers' words and situation, not what is merely possible.
Thẻ 85
Câu hỏi
Listen to a Conversation — why should you expect paraphrases in the options?
Câu trả lời
Correct answers often restate the audio with different words. Match the idea rather than waiting for an exact phrase.
Thẻ 86
Câu hỏi
Listen to a Conversation — how can a two-column note layout help?
Câu trả lời
Give each speaker a column. This keeps requests, objections, and decisions attached to the right person.
Thẻ 87
Câu hỏi
Listen to a Conversation — how do you predict a likely next action?
Câu trả lời
Use the final decision plus any stated condition. The next action should follow directly from where the speakers leave the situation.
Thẻ 88
Câu hỏi
Listen to a Conversation — why can one memorable sentence be misleading?
Câu trả lời
A single sentence may describe an option that the speakers later reject. Follow the whole exchange before choosing the outcome.
Thẻ 89
Câu hỏi
Listen to an Announcement — where does this task usually take place?
Câu trả lời
In an academic or campus setting. Expect a focused message about information students or staff need to act on.
Thẻ 90
Câu hỏi
Listen to an Announcement — which abilities does the task measure?
Câu trả lời
Understanding purpose, key information, implied meaning, and likely next actions. The message often combines facts with instructions.
180 thẻ
TOEFL iBT Flashcards: 12 Task Types, Vocabulary & Strategy
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Thẻ 91
Câu hỏi
Listen to an Announcement — what should your first note capture?
Câu trả lời
The announcement's purpose. Write the reason for the message before collecting its supporting logistics.
Thẻ 92
Câu hỏi
Listen to an Announcement — which four logistics labels keep notes organized?
Câu trả lời
Who, what, when, and where. Add a required action when the message asks listeners to do something.
Thẻ 93
Câu hỏi
Listen to an Announcement — which words often signal a change to an earlier plan?
Câu trả lời
Words such as instead, now, rescheduled, and rather than. Put the updated information in your notes, not just the original plan.
Thẻ 94
Câu hỏi
Listen to an Announcement — how should you record a reason and its result?
Câu trả lời
Link them as cause → consequence. This prevents you from confusing why the change happened with what listeners must do.
Thẻ 95
Câu hỏi
Listen to an Announcement — how do you identify the likely next action?
Câu trả lời
Look for instructions, deadlines, and eligibility conditions. The expected action must fit all three when they are stated.
Thẻ 96
Câu hỏi
Listen to an Announcement — what makes an implied conclusion safe?
Câu trả lời
It follows from explicit facts in the message. Do not add campus rules or procedures that the speaker never mentions.
Thẻ 97
Câu hỏi
Listen to an Announcement — how should you handle numbers, dates, and room names?
Câu trả lời
Write them in short form as soon as you hear them. Exact logistical details are harder to reconstruct from memory than the main purpose.
Thẻ 98
Câu hỏi
Listen to an Announcement — what evidence should control your answer?
Câu trả lời
The speaker's actual message. Familiar campus routines may sound plausible, but they are not evidence unless the audio supports them.
Thẻ 99
Câu hỏi
Listen to an Academic Talk — what kind of audio do you hear?
Câu trả lời
A short academic talk by a professor or expert. It is focused rather than a long lecture set.
Thẻ 100
Câu hỏi
Listen to an Academic Talk — do you need specialist knowledge of the subject?
Câu trả lời
No. ETS uses varied academic fields, but the information needed to answer comes from the talk itself.
Thẻ 101
Câu hỏi
Listen to an Academic Talk — which kinds of understanding does ETS target?
Câu trả lời
Main ideas, supporting details, organization, inferences, and sometimes uncommon or idiomatic vocabulary.
Thẻ 102
Câu hỏi
Listen to an Academic Talk — how should you phrase the main idea in your notes?
Câu trả lời
Write the topic plus the professor's central point about it. A bare subject name does not capture the talk's direction.
Thẻ 103
Câu hỏi
Listen to an Academic Talk — which common structures should you listen for?
Câu trả lời
Comparison, cause and effect, a sequence, a definition with examples, or a problem with a solution. The structure shows how details connect.
Thẻ 104
Câu hỏi
Listen to an Academic Talk — what do signposts such as first, however, and as a result reveal?
Câu trả lời
The relationship between ideas. They can mark sequence, contrast, or consequence before the content is complete.
Thẻ 105
Câu hỏi
Listen to an Academic Talk — how can you tell why the speaker gives an example?
Câu trả lời
Connect the example to the claim immediately before it. The example may illustrate, support, qualify, or challenge that point.
Thẻ 106
Câu hỏi
Listen to an Academic Talk — what is an efficient comparison note?
Câu trả lời
Name both subjects and record one shared feature or key difference. Keep each feature aligned with the correct subject.
Thẻ 107
Câu hỏi
Listen to an Academic Talk — what note symbol clarifies a causal chain?
Câu trả lời
Use arrows: cause → immediate effect → wider result. This preserves order when several consequences are discussed.
Thẻ 108
Câu hỏi
Listen to an Academic Talk — how should you record a new term?
Câu trả lời
Write the term, a short definition, and one example if given. Keep the example attached to the concept it illustrates.
Thẻ 109
Câu hỏi
Listen to an Academic Talk — what makes an inference stronger than a guess?
Câu trả lời
It combines the speaker's claim, supporting detail, and tone. A reasonable fact from outside the talk is still not enough.
Thẻ 110
Câu hỏi
Listen to an Academic Talk — how can context unlock an uncommon word?
Câu trả lời
Use the surrounding definition, contrast, example, or result. Infer the meaning needed in that sentence rather than a complete dictionary entry.
Thẻ 111
Câu hỏi
Listen to an Academic Talk — how should you interpret an idiomatic phrase?
Câu trả lời
Read it through the speaker's point and tone, not word by word. The intended meaning must fit the surrounding explanation.
Thẻ 112
Câu hỏi
Listen to an Academic Talk — what note hierarchy keeps details useful?
Câu trả lời
Main idea → major point → evidence or example. Indentation helps you see which detail supports which claim.
Thẻ 113
Câu hỏi
Listen to an Academic Talk — why should you mark a correction or qualification?
Câu trả lời
It may replace or narrow an earlier statement. The revised idea, not the first rough version, is usually the one that matters.
Thẻ 114
Câu hỏi
Listen to an Academic Talk — how can the ending help you check your notes?
Câu trả lời
Use the closing summary or conclusion to confirm the central point. Update your main-idea note if the talk's direction became clearer.
Thẻ 115
Câu hỏi
Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks. Start with The seminar and end with at noon: the seminar / begins / at noon
Câu trả lời
The seminar begins at noon.
Thẻ 116
Câu hỏi
Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks. Start with The research team and end with its findings: has / the research team / published / its findings
Câu trả lời
The research team has published its findings.
Thẻ 117
Câu hỏi
Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks. Start with The field trip and end with heavy rain: was postponed / because of heavy rain / the field trip
Câu trả lời
The field trip was postponed because of heavy rain.
Thẻ 118
Câu hỏi
Build a Sentence — combine the ideas with although: The course is demanding. It remains popular.
Câu trả lời
Although the course is demanding, it remains popular.
Thẻ 119
Câu hỏi
Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks: that opened last month / the café / hires student musicians
Câu trả lời
The café that opened last month hires student musicians.
Thẻ 120
Câu hỏi
Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks as a question: the library / when / does / close
Câu trả lời
When does the library close?
Thẻ 121
Câu hỏi
Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks. Start with The bus and end with we arrived: had already left / when / we arrived / the bus
Câu trả lời
The bus had already left when we arrived.
Thẻ 122
Câu hỏi
Build a Sentence — combine the ideas with an infinitive of purpose: Lena visited the office. She wanted to replace her ID card.
Câu trả lời
Lena visited the office to replace her ID card.
Thẻ 123
Câu hỏi
Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks. Start with The hikers and end with the path was icy: because / the path was icy / the hikers turned back
Câu trả lời
The hikers turned back because the path was icy.
Thẻ 124
Câu hỏi
Build a Sentence — complete the comparison: This route is ___ than the coastal road. Use short.
Câu trả lời
This route is shorter than the coastal road.
Thẻ 125
Câu hỏi
Build a Sentence — correct the agreement error: The list of required books are on the course page.
Câu trả lời
The list of required books is on the course page. The singular head noun list controls the verb.
Thẻ 126
Câu hỏi
Build a Sentence — correct the embedded question: Could you tell me where is the advising office?
Câu trả lời
Could you tell me where the advising office is? Embedded questions use statement word order.
Thẻ 127
Câu hỏi
Build a Sentence — the next day, report Ana's statement from the previous evening: I will send the file tonight.
Câu trả lời
Ana said that she would send the file that night.
Thẻ 128
Câu hỏi
Build a Sentence — complete the real conditional with will and a form of print: If the printer is available, I ___ the forms now.
Câu trả lời
If the printer is available, I will print the forms now.
Thẻ 129
Câu hỏi
Build a Sentence — choose the correct verb: There ___ several quiet rooms upstairs.
Câu trả lời
There are several quiet rooms upstairs.
Thẻ 130
Câu hỏi
Build a Sentence — fix the parallel structure: The workshop teaches students to plan projects, managing time, and how to present results.
Câu trả lời
The workshop teaches students to plan projects, manage time, and present results.
Thẻ 131
Câu hỏi
Build a Sentence — place often naturally: Students use the study rooms after class.
Câu trả lời
Students often use the study rooms after class.
Thẻ 132
Câu hỏi
Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks: did we notice / only after the lab closed / the missing key
Câu trả lời
Only after the lab closed did we notice the missing key.
Thẻ 133
Câu hỏi
Write an Email — you need an extension from an instructor. What tone fits?
Câu trả lời
Polite and direct. State the request clearly, give the relevant reason, and avoid either casual slang or exaggerated formality.
Thẻ 134
Câu hỏi
Write an Email — what should the opening establish first?
Câu trả lời
Why you are writing. Give the reader the purpose before supporting details.
Thẻ 135
Câu hỏi
Write an Email — make this request polite and specific: Send me the new schedule.
Câu trả lời
Could you please send me the updated schedule?
Thẻ 136
Câu hỏi
Write an Email — a classmate sent useful notes. What should a clear reply do before adding a question?
Câu trả lời
Acknowledge the help, then ask the question. This keeps the response connected to the message.
Thẻ 137
Câu hỏi
Write an Email — after making a request, what kind of reason is most useful?
Câu trả lời
A brief, relevant reason that helps the reader understand the request. Unrelated background weakens the message.
Thẻ 138
Câu hỏi
Write an Email — the study room is unavailable. What move turns the complaint into a solution?
Câu trả lời
Propose a practical alternative, such as moving the meeting to another room or time.
Thẻ 139
Câu hỏi
Write an Email — ask politely whether a workshop begins at 9:00 a.m.
Câu trả lời
Could you confirm whether the workshop begins at 9:00 a.m.?
Thẻ 140
Câu hỏi
Write an Email — what should you compare with the prompt before submitting?
Câu trả lời
Every requested content point, the audience, and the purpose. Make sure none has been skipped.
Thẻ 141
Câu hỏi
Write an Email — when two requested points are different, how can you make both easy to find?
Câu trả lời
Give each point its own clear sentence or short paragraph instead of burying both in one long sentence.
Thẻ 142
Câu hỏi
Write an Email — revise the vague sentence: It caused a problem, so I need it changed. The problem is a lab time that overlaps with a lecture.
Câu trả lời
The lab overlaps with my lecture, so I need to change my lab time.
Thẻ 143
Câu hỏi
Write an Email — which detail should you cut first during a quick clarity edit?
Câu trả lời
A detail that does not help the reader understand or act on the email's purpose.
Thẻ 144
Câu hỏi
Write an Email — what should a closing make clear?
Câu trả lời
The next step or the response you need, followed by a suitable sign-off.
Thẻ 145
Câu hỏi
Academic Discussion — what should your first sentence make clear?
Câu trả lời
Your position on the question. A direct claim gives the rest of the response a clear direction.
Thẻ 146
Câu hỏi
Academic Discussion — what should follow a position so it becomes an argument?
Câu trả lời
A relevant reason that explains why the position makes sense.
Thẻ 147
Câu hỏi
Academic Discussion — which support is stronger: This is better or a specific campus example?
Câu trả lời
A specific campus example. It shows how the reason works instead of repeating the claim.
Thẻ 148
Câu hỏi
Academic Discussion — how can you disagree with a classmate without sounding dismissive?
Câu trả lời
Acknowledge the classmate's point, then state the specific limit or alternative you see.
Thẻ 149
Câu hỏi
Academic Discussion — complete the concession frame: Although online courses offer flexibility, ...
Câu trả lời
Although online courses offer flexibility, some students learn better with regular face-to-face discussion.
Thẻ 150
Câu hỏi
Academic Discussion — a classmate gives an example but no broader lesson. What useful move can you add?
Câu trả lời
Explain what the example suggests about the discussion question. This extends the idea instead of restating it.
Thẻ 151
Câu hỏi
Academic Discussion — revise the overbroad claim: Group projects always teach every student leadership.
Câu trả lời
Group projects can teach leadership when students share responsibility for decisions and results.
Thẻ 152
Câu hỏi
Academic Discussion — why should you avoid everyone knows as support?
Câu trả lời
It treats an unsupported assumption as evidence. Give a reason or example that the reader can evaluate.
Thẻ 153
Câu hỏi
Academic Discussion — link this example to the claim: A later library closing time would help students. Many science labs finish at 9:00 p.m.
Câu trả lời
A later closing time would help because students leaving evening labs could still use the library.
Thẻ 154
Câu hỏi
Academic Discussion — which connector clearly introduces a contrast with the previous idea?
Câu trả lời
However introduces a contrasting point. The contrast itself must still be clear from the sentences.
Thẻ 155
Câu hỏi
Academic Discussion — replace the vague support: Technology helps students in many ways. Give one concrete mechanism.
Câu trả lời
Recorded lectures help students review an explanation they did not understand the first time.
Thẻ 156
Câu hỏi
Academic Discussion — correct the agreement error: Each of the proposals offer a different benefit.
Câu trả lời
Each of the proposals offers a different benefit.
Thẻ 157
Câu hỏi
Academic Discussion — fix the run-on sentence: Campus buses reduce traffic they also make commuting cheaper.
Câu trả lời
Campus buses reduce traffic, and they also make commuting cheaper.
Thẻ 158
Câu hỏi
Academic Discussion — which connector clearly introduces a result?
Câu trả lời
Therefore introduces a result or conclusion that follows from the previous idea.
Thẻ 159
Câu hỏi
Academic Discussion — what four items belong in a fast final check?
Câu trả lời
A clear position, a relevant reason, specific support, and sentences that connect logically.
Thẻ 160
Câu hỏi
Academic Discussion — why is a memorized paragraph a poor substitute for a flexible response plan?
Câu trả lời
It may not answer the actual question or connect to the discussion. Use a simple claim–reason–example plan and write for the prompt you receive.
Thẻ 161
Câu hỏi
Listen and Repeat — how many items does the updated task contain?
Câu trả lời
Seven items. Together with four Take an Interview questions, they make the Speaking section's 11 items in about eight minutes.
Thẻ 162
Câu hỏi
Listen and Repeat — what must you do with each sentence?
Câu trả lời
Repeat it exactly as you hear it. This is a reproduction task, so do not summarize or improve the wording.
Thẻ 163
Câu hỏi
Listen and Repeat — which two qualities does the task directly measure?
Câu trả lời
Accuracy and clear intelligibility. Your speech should preserve the sentence and be easy for a proficient English speaker to understand.
Thẻ 164
Câu hỏi
Listen and Repeat — how does difficulty progress within the task?
Câu trả lời
Sentences grow longer and more complex. They may move from one simple clause to dependent clauses, relative clauses, or complex noun phrases.
Thẻ 165
Câu hỏi
Listen and Repeat — what is the most useful way to hold a longer sentence in memory?
Câu trả lời
Keep it in meaning chunks. Follow the sentence's phrases and clauses instead of trying to store an unbroken string of words.
Thẻ 166
Câu hỏi
Listen and Repeat — what should you preserve besides the words?
Câu trả lời
The sentence's rhythm, stress, and intonation. These features divide meaning into clear spoken groups and support intelligibility.
Thẻ 167
Câu hỏi
Listen and Repeat — which small language features are easy to lose?
Câu trả lời
Articles, prepositions, auxiliary verbs, and word endings. Listen for these grammatical signals as carefully as the main content words.
Thẻ 168
Câu hỏi
Listen and Repeat — what should you do after a minor slip while speaking?
Câu trả lời
Continue smoothly with the sentence. A long restart can damage rhythm and cause you to lose more of the utterance.
Thẻ 169
Câu hỏi
Take an Interview — how many questions are in the updated task?
Câu trả lời
Four questions. They follow the seven Listen and Repeat items in the 11-item Speaking section.
Thẻ 170
Câu hỏi
Take an Interview — what kind of interaction does the task simulate?
Câu trả lời
An interview related to an academic or campus situation. You respond directly to questions rather than giving a memorized speech.
Thẻ 171
Câu hỏi
Take an Interview — what kinds of content may you be asked to discuss?
Câu trả lời
Your experiences, preferences, and opinions. Questions can also invite descriptions, explanations, suggestions, predictions, or short narratives.
Thẻ 172
Câu hỏi
Take an Interview — do you need specialized subject knowledge?
Câu trả lời
No. The scenarios use accessible academic or campus contexts so you can show your English, not prior expertise.
Thẻ 173
Câu hỏi
Take an Interview — what context appears before the questions?
Câu trả lời
A scenario introduction presented in audio and print. A schematic image, map, form, or speaker photo may also provide context.
Thẻ 174
Câu hỏi
Take an Interview — what should the first sentence of an answer do?
Câu trả lời
Answer the question directly. Give your choice, position, or main information before explaining it.
Thẻ 175
Câu hỏi
Take an Interview — what simple structure supports clear elaboration?
Câu trả lời
Answer → reason → concrete detail. This structure develops one point without turning the response into a list.
Thẻ 176
Câu hỏi
Take an Interview — how can you make an opinion answer coherent?
Câu trả lời
State one position and support it consistently. A clear reason matters more than mentioning several weak or conflicting ideas.
Thẻ 177
Câu hỏi
Take an Interview — what makes a personal example useful?
Câu trả lời
It clearly supports your answer. Keep only the context, action, and result needed to show the connection.
Thẻ 178
Câu hỏi
Take an Interview — how should you answer a suggestion or prediction question?
Câu trả lời
Give the suggestion or prediction first, then explain the likely result. Make the link between action and outcome explicit.
Thẻ 179
Câu hỏi
Take an Interview — which delivery qualities matter across the responses?
Câu trả lời
Clear speech, a natural pace, intelligible pronunciation, and coherent elaboration. Suitable vocabulary and accurate grammar support the message.
Thẻ 180
Câu hỏi
Take an Interview — what should you do if you need a moment to plan?
Câu trả lời
Pause briefly, choose one main point, and begin. Long silence is less useful than a simple answer you can develop clearly.

Blank flashcards surrounded by reading, listening, writing, and speaking study symbols on a dark blue desk.

180 thẻ