TOEFL iBT Flashcards: 12 Task Types, Vocabulary & Strategy

Kartičky v tomto balíčku

1. Kartička 1

   Otázka

   TOEFL iBT overview — when did the current test format take effect?

   Odpověď

   January 21, 2026.

2. Kartička 2

   Otázka

   TOEFL iBT overview — what is the section order in the current test?

   Odpověď

   Reading, Listening, Writing, then Speaking.

3. Kartička 3

   Otázka

   TOEFL iBT overview — how much time should you allow for the full test session?

   Odpověď

   About two hours. The published section base times do not include directions, and adaptive sections can vary.

4. Kartička 4

   Otázka

   TOEFL iBT overview — which sections use a multistage adaptive design?

   Odpověď

   Reading and Listening.

5. Kartička 5

   Otázka

   TOEFL iBT overview — what does two-stage adaptivity mean for your Reading or Listening path?

   Odpověď

   Your performance in the first, routing stage determines whether you receive a lower- or upper-level second module.

6. Kartička 6

   Otázka

   TOEFL iBT overview — what score scale applies to tests taken from January 21, 2026?

   Odpověď

   The 1–6 scale. During a two-year transition, ETS also reports a comparable overall score on the 0–120 scale.

7. Kartička 7

   Otázka

   TOEFL iBT overview — what are the Reading section's published base size and time?

   Odpověď

   50 items in approximately 30 minutes. The actual item count and time may vary as the test adapts.

8. Kartička 8

   Otázka

   TOEFL iBT overview — what are the three Reading task types?

   Odpověď

   Complete the Words, Read in Daily Life, and Read an Academic Passage.

9. Kartička 9

   Otázka

   TOEFL iBT overview — what are the four Listening task types?

   Odpověď

   Listen and Choose a Response, Listen to a Conversation, Listen to an Announcement, and Listen to an Academic Talk.

10. Kartička 10

    Otázka

    TOEFL iBT overview — what are the three Writing task types?

    Odpověď

    Build a Sentence, Write an Email, and Write for an Academic Discussion.

11. Kartička 11

    Otázka

    TOEFL iBT overview — what are the two Speaking task types?

    Odpověď

    Listen and Repeat, and Take an Interview.

12. Kartička 12

    Otázka

    TOEFL iBT overview — what minimum participation is required for the test to be scored?

    Odpověď

    Answer at least one Reading item and one Listening item, and complete at least one Speaking task and one Writing task.

13. Kartička 13

    Otázka

    Complete the Words — what core ability does this task measure?

    Odpověď

    Processing an academic text for both meaning and form, including vocabulary, grammar, and spelling.

14. Kartička 14

    Otázka

    Complete the Words — what kind of text do you complete?

    Odpověď

    An academic paragraph of roughly 70–100 words.

15. Kartička 15

    Otázka

    Complete the Words — what is special about the paragraph's opening sentence?

    Odpověď

    It is complete. Use it to establish the topic and context before filling any gaps.

16. Kartička 16

    Otázka

    Complete the Words — which parts of words disappear after the opening sentence?

    Odpověď

    The latter half of every second word.

17. Kartička 17

    Otázka

    Complete the Words — how many words have missing letters in each text?

    Odpověď

    Ten words.

18. Kartička 18

    Otázka

    Complete the Words — what do you supply for each incomplete word?

    Odpověď

    The missing letters that restore the original word.

19. Kartička 19

    Otázka

    Complete the Words — which context should you check first for a difficult gap?

    Odpověď

    The whole sentence around the gap. It usually reveals the needed grammar and immediate meaning.

20. Kartička 20

    Otázka

    Complete the Words — how does identifying the missing word's part of speech help?

    Odpověď

    It narrows the possibilities to the needed noun, verb, adjective, adverb, or function word.

21. Kartička 21

    Otázka

    Complete the Words — how should you use the letters that remain visible?

    Odpověď

    Treat them as a fixed word beginning, then test completions that fit both grammar and meaning.

22. Kartička 22

    Otázka

    Complete the Words — why is a locally plausible word not always enough?

    Odpověď

    It must also fit the paragraph's larger idea. A grammatical word can still make the passage incoherent.

23. Kartička 23

    Otázka

    Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: The committee approved an alloc_____ of funds to the library.

    Odpověď

    allocation — the article an and the phrase of funds call for the noun form of allocate.

24. Kartička 24

    Otázka

    Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: A careful anal____ of the samples revealed the pattern.

    Odpověď

    analysis — the adjective careful and the phrase of the samples call for a noun.

25. Kartička 25

    Otázka

    Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: The findings provide clear evid____ for the new explanation.

    Odpověď

    evidence — provide clear ... for requires the noun form.

26. Kartička 26

    Otázka

    Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: Seasonal vari_____ in rainfall affects the reservoir.

    Odpověď

    variation — the adjective seasonal, the singular verb affects, and the preposition in point to this noun form of vary.

27. Kartička 27

    Otázka

    Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: Regular maint______ keeps the laboratory equipment safe.

    Odpověď

    maintenance — the adjective regular calls for the noun meaning upkeep.

28. Kartička 28

    Otázka

    Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: The source is reli____ because its methods are transparent.

    Odpověď

    reliable — the linking verb is calls for the adjective form of rely.

29. Kartička 29

    Otázka

    Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: The distances were measured accur_____ before comparison.

    Odpověď

    accurately — the missing word modifies were measured, so the adverb form is needed.

30. Kartička 30

    Otázka

    Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: Each participant made a contri______ to the final report.

    Odpověď

    contribution — a ... to calls for the singular noun form of contribute.

31. Kartička 31

    Otázka

    Complete the Words — what should you do if one gap is taking too long?

    Odpověď

    Enter the strongest context-based completion, continue, and revisit it if time remains.

32. Kartička 32

    Otázka

    Complete the Words — what practice method matches the real task better than isolated spelling drills?

    Odpověď

    Restore missing letters inside complete academic paragraphs, using syntax and meaning together.

33. Kartička 33

    Otázka

    Read in Daily Life — what kind of material appears in this task?

    Odpověď

    Short, nonacademic texts drawn from ordinary daily situations.

34. Kartička 34

    Otázka

    Read in Daily Life — about how long can a text be?

    Odpověď

    Roughly 15–150 words.

35. Kartička 35

    Otázka

    Read in Daily Life — how many questions usually follow one text?

    Odpověď

    Two or three multiple-choice questions, depending on the text's length.

36. Kartička 36

    Otázka

    Read in Daily Life — which text formats should you be ready to see?

    Odpověď

    Everyday formats such as notices, schedules, emails, messages, menus, forms, receipts, advertisements, and web posts.

37. Kartička 37

    Otázka

    Read in Daily Life — how should you read a schedule, menu, or form?

    Odpověď

    Follow its layout first. Headings, rows, columns, labels, and symbols show how the information is organized.

38. Kartička 38

    Otázka

    Read in Daily Life — what should you identify when a question asks why the text was written?

    Odpověď

    The writer's main purpose, such as informing, requesting, warning, inviting, or advertising.

39. Kartička 39

    Otázka

    Read in Daily Life — what is the fastest way to find one date, price, place, or deadline?

    Odpověď

    Scan for the exact detail and its label instead of rereading every line at the same speed.

40. Kartička 40

    Otázka

    Read in Daily Life — how should you handle an unfamiliar informal phrase?

    Odpověď

    Infer its practical meaning from the situation, tone, and nearby words.

41. Kartička 41

    Otázka

    Read in Daily Life — what evidence supports an implied-meaning answer?

    Odpověď

    Several clues in the text that point to the same conclusion, even though it is not stated directly.

42. Kartička 42

    Otázka

    Read in Daily Life — how should you interpret telegraphic wording such as No entry after 6?

    Odpověď

    Expand the compressed wording into its full practical message: entry is not allowed after 6.

43. Kartička 43

    Otázka

    Read in Daily Life — how can you resolve a pronoun such as it or they?

    Odpověď

    Match it to the nearby noun that fits both the grammar and the message's meaning.

44. Kartička 44

    Otázka

    Read in Daily Life — what quick workflow balances speed with accuracy?

    Odpověď

    Skim for purpose and layout, read the question, then scan the text for the specific evidence.

45. Kartička 45

    Otázka

    Read an Academic Passage — what kind of text appears in this task?

    Odpověď

    A short expository passage like one used in secondary or higher education.

46. Kartička 46

    Otázka

    Read an Academic Passage — about how long is each passage?

    Odpověď

    Approximately 200 words.

47. Kartička 47

    Otázka

    Read an Academic Passage — how many questions follow a passage?

    Odpověď

    Five questions.

48. Kartička 48

    Otázka

    Read an Academic Passage — which subject areas may appear?

    Odpověď

    Fields such as history, arts, business, economics, life science, physical science, and social science.

49. Kartička 49

    Otázka

    Read an Academic Passage — do you need prior knowledge of the topic?

    Odpověď

    No. The passage provides the information needed to answer its questions.

50. Kartička 50

    Otázka

    Read an Academic Passage — can you refer back to the text while answering?

    Odpověď

    Yes. The reading text remains visible throughout the task.

51. Kartička 51

    Otázka

    Read an Academic Passage — what should a main-idea answer cover?

    Odpověď

    The passage's central point, broad enough to include its major supporting ideas without adding a new claim.

52. Kartička 52

    Otázka

    Read an Academic Passage — how should you verify an answer about a factual detail?

    Odpověď

    Locate the relevant sentence, then check enough surrounding context to avoid reversing or overstating the fact.

53. Kartička 53

    Otázka

    Read an Academic Passage — how should you determine a word's meaning in context?

    Odpověď

    Substitute each plausible meaning into the sentence and keep the one that fits the local idea and tone.

54. Kartička 54

    Otázka

    Read an Academic Passage — what makes an inference defensible?

    Odpověď

    It follows from evidence in the passage without requiring an unsupported extra assumption.

55. Kartička 55

    Otázka

    Read an Academic Passage — how can you track the relationship between two ideas?

    Odpověď

    Name the link explicitly: cause and effect, contrast, comparison, example, sequence, or problem and solution.

56. Kartička 56

    Otázka

    Read an Academic Passage — what does a rhetorical-structure question ask you to recognize?

    Odpověď

    How the author organizes information to develop the passage, such as by comparison or cause and effect.

57. Kartička 57

    Otázka

    Read an Academic Passage — how is an author's-purpose question different from a detail question?

    Odpověď

    It asks why the author included a statement or section, not merely what that part says.

58. Kartička 58

    Otázka

    Read an Academic Passage — how should you unpack a long sentence with complex grammar?

    Odpověď

    Find the main subject and verb first, then attach modifying phrases and clauses to the ideas they describe.

59. Kartička 59

    Otázka

    Read an Academic Passage — how should you interpret figurative or idiomatic language?

    Odpověď

    Use the surrounding claim and tone to recover the intended meaning, rather than reading every word literally.

60. Kartička 60

    Otázka

    Read an Academic Passage — how can a paragraph's first and last sentences help?

    Odpověď

    They often reveal the paragraph's main role, while the middle supplies explanation or evidence.

61. Kartička 61

    Otázka

    Read an Academic Passage — what should decide between the passage and your outside knowledge?

    Odpověď

    The passage. Choose the answer supported by the text even when you know more about the topic.

62. Kartička 62

    Otázka

    Read an Academic Passage — what do signal words such as however, because, and for example reveal?

    Odpověď

    The logical move between ideas: contrast, cause, or illustration.

63. Kartička 63

    Otázka

    Read an Academic Passage — which wrong answers should you eliminate first?

    Odpověď

    Choices that contradict the text, distort its scope, or answer a different question.

64. Kartička 64

    Otázka

    Read an Academic Passage — what is the most efficient rereading strategy after you see a question?

    Odpověď

    Return to the relevant sentence or paragraph, then widen the context only if the answer depends on a larger relationship.

65. Kartička 65

    Otázka

    Listen and Choose a Response — what do you do after hearing the prompt?

    Odpověď

    Choose the reply that best fits the prompt. Match the speaker's meaning and purpose, not just a repeated word.

66. Kartička 66

    Otázka

    Listen and Choose a Response — which abilities does this task target?

    Odpověď

    Understanding meaning, speaker intent, and common patterns of spoken English. The best response must make sense in the exchange.

67. Kartička 67

    Otázka

    Listen and Choose a Response — what should you identify before comparing the options?

    Odpověď

    The prompt's communicative purpose. Decide whether it is a question, request, suggestion, apology, invitation, or comment.

68. Kartička 68

    Otázka

    Listen and Choose a Response — how does a question word narrow the answer?

    Odpověď

    It signals the information needed. For example, when calls for a time, while why calls for a reason.

69. Kartička 69

    Otázka

    Listen and Choose a Response — why can a response without yes or no fit a yes-or-no question?

    Odpověď

    An indirect reply can still answer the real question. The lab closes at six can explain whether there is time to visit it.

70. Kartička 70

    Otázka

    Listen and Choose a Response — what makes a reply suitable for a request?

    Odpověď

    It accepts, refuses, or addresses the requested action naturally. A reply about the same topic can still miss the request.

71. Kartička 71

    Otázka

    Listen and Choose a Response — what is the updated Listening section's published base length?

    Odpověď

    47 items in about 29 minutes. ETS notes that item count and time may vary as the section adapts.

72. Kartička 72

    Otázka

    Listen and Choose a Response — how should you handle a negatively worded question?

    Odpověď

    Work out the speaker's actual concern before choosing. Do not select an option only because it repeats the negative word.

73. Kartička 73

    Otázka

    Listen and Choose a Response — what is the repeated-word trap?

    Odpověď

    A distractor echoes vocabulary from the prompt but does not form a logical reply. Test the conversational link, not the word match.

74. Kartička 74

    Otázka

    Listen and Choose a Response — what should you do with an unfamiliar expression?

    Odpověď

    Infer its function from tone and context. You often need the speaker's intent more than a word-for-word definition.

75. Kartička 75

    Otázka

    Listen and Choose a Response — when two options are grammatical, what decides between them?

    Odpověď

    Conversational relevance. Choose the option a person would naturally say next in that situation.

76. Kartička 76

    Otázka

    Listen and Choose a Response — what does multistage adaptive mean for the Listening section?

    Odpověď

    The section adjusts to your ability as you progress. Its four task types stay the same, but the item count and timing may vary.

77. Kartička 77

    Otázka

    Listen to a Conversation — what setting is most typical?

    Odpověď

    A campus-life conversation between two people. The exchange may involve a problem, plan, service, class, or student activity.

78. Kartička 78

    Otázka

    Listen to a Conversation — which four kinds of understanding does ETS emphasize?

    Odpověď

    Main ideas, key details, speaker intent, and implied meaning. Listen for both what is said and why it is said.

79. Kartička 79

    Otázka

    Listen to a Conversation — how can you capture the main idea in one line?

    Odpověď

    Write the speakers' shared purpose or central problem. A topic label alone is usually too broad.

80. Kartička 80

    Otázka

    Listen to a Conversation — what should you track about each speaker?

    Odpověď

    Each speaker's role and goal. Knowing who needs information, approval, or action makes the exchange easier to follow.

81. Kartička 81

    Otázka

    Listen to a Conversation — what compact note pattern fits a problem-solving exchange?

    Odpověď

    Problem → options → decision. Add the reason for the final choice if the speakers give one.

82. Kartička 82

    Otázka

    Listen to a Conversation — which details are most worth writing down?

    Odpověď

    Details that change the plan or explain a choice. Dates, requirements, obstacles, and decisions usually matter more than examples or greetings.

83. Kartička 83

    Otázka

    Listen to a Conversation — how can tone reveal speaker intent?

    Odpověď

    Tone can show doubt, relief, hesitation, politeness, or disagreement. Combine it with the speaker's words before inferring intent.

84. Kartička 84

    Otázka

    Listen to a Conversation — what supports a sound inference?

    Odpověď

    Two or more clues from the exchange. Choose what follows from the speakers' words and situation, not what is merely possible.

85. Kartička 85

    Otázka

    Listen to a Conversation — why should you expect paraphrases in the options?

    Odpověď

    Correct answers often restate the audio with different words. Match the idea rather than waiting for an exact phrase.

86. Kartička 86

    Otázka

    Listen to a Conversation — how can a two-column note layout help?

    Odpověď

    Give each speaker a column. This keeps requests, objections, and decisions attached to the right person.

87. Kartička 87

    Otázka

    Listen to a Conversation — how do you predict a likely next action?

    Odpověď

    Use the final decision plus any stated condition. The next action should follow directly from where the speakers leave the situation.

88. Kartička 88

    Otázka

    Listen to a Conversation — why can one memorable sentence be misleading?

    Odpověď

    A single sentence may describe an option that the speakers later reject. Follow the whole exchange before choosing the outcome.

89. Kartička 89

    Otázka

    Listen to an Announcement — where does this task usually take place?

    Odpověď

    In an academic or campus setting. Expect a focused message about information students or staff need to act on.

90. Kartička 90

    Otázka

    Listen to an Announcement — which abilities does the task measure?

    Odpověď

    Understanding purpose, key information, implied meaning, and likely next actions. The message often combines facts with instructions.

    

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    TOEFL iBT Flashcards: 12 Task Types, Vocabulary & Strategy

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91. Kartička 91

    Otázka

    Listen to an Announcement — what should your first note capture?

    Odpověď

    The announcement's purpose. Write the reason for the message before collecting its supporting logistics.

92. Kartička 92

    Otázka

    Listen to an Announcement — which four logistics labels keep notes organized?

    Odpověď

    Who, what, when, and where. Add a required action when the message asks listeners to do something.

93. Kartička 93

    Otázka

    Listen to an Announcement — which words often signal a change to an earlier plan?

    Odpověď

    Words such as instead, now, rescheduled, and rather than. Put the updated information in your notes, not just the original plan.

94. Kartička 94

    Otázka

    Listen to an Announcement — how should you record a reason and its result?

    Odpověď

    Link them as cause → consequence. This prevents you from confusing why the change happened with what listeners must do.

95. Kartička 95

    Otázka

    Listen to an Announcement — how do you identify the likely next action?

    Odpověď

    Look for instructions, deadlines, and eligibility conditions. The expected action must fit all three when they are stated.

96. Kartička 96

    Otázka

    Listen to an Announcement — what makes an implied conclusion safe?

    Odpověď

    It follows from explicit facts in the message. Do not add campus rules or procedures that the speaker never mentions.

97. Kartička 97

    Otázka

    Listen to an Announcement — how should you handle numbers, dates, and room names?

    Odpověď

    Write them in short form as soon as you hear them. Exact logistical details are harder to reconstruct from memory than the main purpose.

98. Kartička 98

    Otázka

    Listen to an Announcement — what evidence should control your answer?

    Odpověď

    The speaker's actual message. Familiar campus routines may sound plausible, but they are not evidence unless the audio supports them.

99. Kartička 99

    Otázka

    Listen to an Academic Talk — what kind of audio do you hear?

    Odpověď

    A short academic talk by a professor or expert. It is focused rather than a long lecture set.

100. Kartička 100

     Otázka

     Listen to an Academic Talk — do you need specialist knowledge of the subject?

     Odpověď

     No. ETS uses varied academic fields, but the information needed to answer comes from the talk itself.

101. Kartička 101

     Otázka

     Listen to an Academic Talk — which kinds of understanding does ETS target?

     Odpověď

     Main ideas, supporting details, organization, inferences, and sometimes uncommon or idiomatic vocabulary.

102. Kartička 102

     Otázka

     Listen to an Academic Talk — how should you phrase the main idea in your notes?

     Odpověď

     Write the topic plus the professor's central point about it. A bare subject name does not capture the talk's direction.

103. Kartička 103

     Otázka

     Listen to an Academic Talk — which common structures should you listen for?

     Odpověď

     Comparison, cause and effect, a sequence, a definition with examples, or a problem with a solution. The structure shows how details connect.

104. Kartička 104

     Otázka

     Listen to an Academic Talk — what do signposts such as first, however, and as a result reveal?

     Odpověď

     The relationship between ideas. They can mark sequence, contrast, or consequence before the content is complete.

105. Kartička 105

     Otázka

     Listen to an Academic Talk — how can you tell why the speaker gives an example?

     Odpověď

     Connect the example to the claim immediately before it. The example may illustrate, support, qualify, or challenge that point.

106. Kartička 106

     Otázka

     Listen to an Academic Talk — what is an efficient comparison note?

     Odpověď

     Name both subjects and record one shared feature or key difference. Keep each feature aligned with the correct subject.

107. Kartička 107

     Otázka

     Listen to an Academic Talk — what note symbol clarifies a causal chain?

     Odpověď

     Use arrows: cause → immediate effect → wider result. This preserves order when several consequences are discussed.

108. Kartička 108

     Otázka

     Listen to an Academic Talk — how should you record a new term?

     Odpověď

     Write the term, a short definition, and one example if given. Keep the example attached to the concept it illustrates.

109. Kartička 109

     Otázka

     Listen to an Academic Talk — what makes an inference stronger than a guess?

     Odpověď

     It combines the speaker's claim, supporting detail, and tone. A reasonable fact from outside the talk is still not enough.

110. Kartička 110

     Otázka

     Listen to an Academic Talk — how can context unlock an uncommon word?

     Odpověď

     Use the surrounding definition, contrast, example, or result. Infer the meaning needed in that sentence rather than a complete dictionary entry.

111. Kartička 111

     Otázka

     Listen to an Academic Talk — how should you interpret an idiomatic phrase?

     Odpověď

     Read it through the speaker's point and tone, not word by word. The intended meaning must fit the surrounding explanation.

112. Kartička 112

     Otázka

     Listen to an Academic Talk — what note hierarchy keeps details useful?

     Odpověď

     Main idea → major point → evidence or example. Indentation helps you see which detail supports which claim.

113. Kartička 113

     Otázka

     Listen to an Academic Talk — why should you mark a correction or qualification?

     Odpověď

     It may replace or narrow an earlier statement. The revised idea, not the first rough version, is usually the one that matters.

114. Kartička 114

     Otázka

     Listen to an Academic Talk — how can the ending help you check your notes?

     Odpověď

     Use the closing summary or conclusion to confirm the central point. Update your main-idea note if the talk's direction became clearer.

115. Kartička 115

     Otázka

     Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks. Start with The seminar and end with at noon: the seminar / begins / at noon

     Odpověď

     The seminar begins at noon.

116. Kartička 116

     Otázka

     Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks. Start with The research team and end with its findings: has / the research team / published / its findings

     Odpověď

     The research team has published its findings.

117. Kartička 117

     Otázka

     Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks. Start with The field trip and end with heavy rain: was postponed / because of heavy rain / the field trip

     Odpověď

     The field trip was postponed because of heavy rain.

118. Kartička 118

     Otázka

     Build a Sentence — combine the ideas with although: The course is demanding. It remains popular.

     Odpověď

     Although the course is demanding, it remains popular.

119. Kartička 119

     Otázka

     Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks: that opened last month / the café / hires student musicians

     Odpověď

     The café that opened last month hires student musicians.

120. Kartička 120

     Otázka

     Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks as a question: the library / when / does / close

     Odpověď

     When does the library close?

121. Kartička 121

     Otázka

     Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks. Start with The bus and end with we arrived: had already left / when / we arrived / the bus

     Odpověď

     The bus had already left when we arrived.

122. Kartička 122

     Otázka

     Build a Sentence — combine the ideas with an infinitive of purpose: Lena visited the office. She wanted to replace her ID card.

     Odpověď

     Lena visited the office to replace her ID card.

123. Kartička 123

     Otázka

     Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks. Start with The hikers and end with the path was icy: because / the path was icy / the hikers turned back

     Odpověď

     The hikers turned back because the path was icy.

124. Kartička 124

     Otázka

     Build a Sentence — complete the comparison: This route is ___ than the coastal road. Use short.

     Odpověď

     This route is shorter than the coastal road.

125. Kartička 125

     Otázka

     Build a Sentence — correct the agreement error: The list of required books are on the course page.

     Odpověď

     The list of required books is on the course page. The singular head noun list controls the verb.

126. Kartička 126

     Otázka

     Build a Sentence — correct the embedded question: Could you tell me where is the advising office?

     Odpověď

     Could you tell me where the advising office is? Embedded questions use statement word order.

127. Kartička 127

     Otázka

     Build a Sentence — the next day, report Ana's statement from the previous evening: I will send the file tonight.

     Odpověď

     Ana said that she would send the file that night.

128. Kartička 128

     Otázka

     Build a Sentence — complete the real conditional with will and a form of print: If the printer is available, I ___ the forms now.

     Odpověď

     If the printer is available, I will print the forms now.

129. Kartička 129

     Otázka

     Build a Sentence — choose the correct verb: There ___ several quiet rooms upstairs.

     Odpověď

     There are several quiet rooms upstairs.

130. Kartička 130

     Otázka

     Build a Sentence — fix the parallel structure: The workshop teaches students to plan projects, managing time, and how to present results.

     Odpověď

     The workshop teaches students to plan projects, manage time, and present results.

131. Kartička 131

     Otázka

     Build a Sentence — place often naturally: Students use the study rooms after class.

     Odpověď

     Students often use the study rooms after class.

132. Kartička 132

     Otázka

     Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks: did we notice / only after the lab closed / the missing key

     Odpověď

     Only after the lab closed did we notice the missing key.

133. Kartička 133

     Otázka

     Write an Email — you need an extension from an instructor. What tone fits?

     Odpověď

     Polite and direct. State the request clearly, give the relevant reason, and avoid either casual slang or exaggerated formality.

134. Kartička 134

     Otázka

     Write an Email — what should the opening establish first?

     Odpověď

     Why you are writing. Give the reader the purpose before supporting details.

135. Kartička 135

     Otázka

     Write an Email — make this request polite and specific: Send me the new schedule.

     Odpověď

     Could you please send me the updated schedule?

136. Kartička 136

     Otázka

     Write an Email — a classmate sent useful notes. What should a clear reply do before adding a question?

     Odpověď

     Acknowledge the help, then ask the question. This keeps the response connected to the message.

137. Kartička 137

     Otázka

     Write an Email — after making a request, what kind of reason is most useful?

     Odpověď

     A brief, relevant reason that helps the reader understand the request. Unrelated background weakens the message.

138. Kartička 138

     Otázka

     Write an Email — the study room is unavailable. What move turns the complaint into a solution?

     Odpověď

     Propose a practical alternative, such as moving the meeting to another room or time.

139. Kartička 139

     Otázka

     Write an Email — ask politely whether a workshop begins at 9:00 a.m.

     Odpověď

     Could you confirm whether the workshop begins at 9:00 a.m.?

140. Kartička 140

     Otázka

     Write an Email — what should you compare with the prompt before submitting?

     Odpověď

     Every requested content point, the audience, and the purpose. Make sure none has been skipped.

141. Kartička 141

     Otázka

     Write an Email — when two requested points are different, how can you make both easy to find?

     Odpověď

     Give each point its own clear sentence or short paragraph instead of burying both in one long sentence.

142. Kartička 142

     Otázka

     Write an Email — revise the vague sentence: It caused a problem, so I need it changed. The problem is a lab time that overlaps with a lecture.

     Odpověď

     The lab overlaps with my lecture, so I need to change my lab time.

143. Kartička 143

     Otázka

     Write an Email — which detail should you cut first during a quick clarity edit?

     Odpověď

     A detail that does not help the reader understand or act on the email's purpose.

144. Kartička 144

     Otázka

     Write an Email — what should a closing make clear?

     Odpověď

     The next step or the response you need, followed by a suitable sign-off.

145. Kartička 145

     Otázka

     Academic Discussion — what should your first sentence make clear?

     Odpověď

     Your position on the question. A direct claim gives the rest of the response a clear direction.

146. Kartička 146

     Otázka

     Academic Discussion — what should follow a position so it becomes an argument?

     Odpověď

     A relevant reason that explains why the position makes sense.

147. Kartička 147

     Otázka

     Academic Discussion — which support is stronger: This is better or a specific campus example?

     Odpověď

     A specific campus example. It shows how the reason works instead of repeating the claim.

148. Kartička 148

     Otázka

     Academic Discussion — how can you disagree with a classmate without sounding dismissive?

     Odpověď

     Acknowledge the classmate's point, then state the specific limit or alternative you see.

149. Kartička 149

     Otázka

     Academic Discussion — complete the concession frame: Although online courses offer flexibility, ...

     Odpověď

     Although online courses offer flexibility, some students learn better with regular face-to-face discussion.

150. Kartička 150

     Otázka

     Academic Discussion — a classmate gives an example but no broader lesson. What useful move can you add?

     Odpověď

     Explain what the example suggests about the discussion question. This extends the idea instead of restating it.

151. Kartička 151

     Otázka

     Academic Discussion — revise the overbroad claim: Group projects always teach every student leadership.

     Odpověď

     Group projects can teach leadership when students share responsibility for decisions and results.

152. Kartička 152

     Otázka

     Academic Discussion — why should you avoid everyone knows as support?

     Odpověď

     It treats an unsupported assumption as evidence. Give a reason or example that the reader can evaluate.

153. Kartička 153

     Otázka

     Academic Discussion — link this example to the claim: A later library closing time would help students. Many science labs finish at 9:00 p.m.

     Odpověď

     A later closing time would help because students leaving evening labs could still use the library.

154. Kartička 154

     Otázka

     Academic Discussion — which connector clearly introduces a contrast with the previous idea?

     Odpověď

     However introduces a contrasting point. The contrast itself must still be clear from the sentences.

155. Kartička 155

     Otázka

     Academic Discussion — replace the vague support: Technology helps students in many ways. Give one concrete mechanism.

     Odpověď

     Recorded lectures help students review an explanation they did not understand the first time.

156. Kartička 156

     Otázka

     Academic Discussion — correct the agreement error: Each of the proposals offer a different benefit.

     Odpověď

     Each of the proposals offers a different benefit.

157. Kartička 157

     Otázka

     Academic Discussion — fix the run-on sentence: Campus buses reduce traffic they also make commuting cheaper.

     Odpověď

     Campus buses reduce traffic, and they also make commuting cheaper.

158. Kartička 158

     Otázka

     Academic Discussion — which connector clearly introduces a result?

     Odpověď

     Therefore introduces a result or conclusion that follows from the previous idea.

159. Kartička 159

     Otázka

     Academic Discussion — what four items belong in a fast final check?

     Odpověď

     A clear position, a relevant reason, specific support, and sentences that connect logically.

160. Kartička 160

     Otázka

     Academic Discussion — why is a memorized paragraph a poor substitute for a flexible response plan?

     Odpověď

     It may not answer the actual question or connect to the discussion. Use a simple claim–reason–example plan and write for the prompt you receive.

161. Kartička 161

     Otázka

     Listen and Repeat — how many items does the updated task contain?

     Odpověď

     Seven items. Together with four Take an Interview questions, they make the Speaking section's 11 items in about eight minutes.

162. Kartička 162

     Otázka

     Listen and Repeat — what must you do with each sentence?

     Odpověď

     Repeat it exactly as you hear it. This is a reproduction task, so do not summarize or improve the wording.

163. Kartička 163

     Otázka

     Listen and Repeat — which two qualities does the task directly measure?

     Odpověď

     Accuracy and clear intelligibility. Your speech should preserve the sentence and be easy for a proficient English speaker to understand.

164. Kartička 164

     Otázka

     Listen and Repeat — how does difficulty progress within the task?

     Odpověď

     Sentences grow longer and more complex. They may move from one simple clause to dependent clauses, relative clauses, or complex noun phrases.

165. Kartička 165

     Otázka

     Listen and Repeat — what is the most useful way to hold a longer sentence in memory?

     Odpověď

     Keep it in meaning chunks. Follow the sentence's phrases and clauses instead of trying to store an unbroken string of words.

166. Kartička 166

     Otázka

     Listen and Repeat — what should you preserve besides the words?

     Odpověď

     The sentence's rhythm, stress, and intonation. These features divide meaning into clear spoken groups and support intelligibility.

167. Kartička 167

     Otázka

     Listen and Repeat — which small language features are easy to lose?

     Odpověď

     Articles, prepositions, auxiliary verbs, and word endings. Listen for these grammatical signals as carefully as the main content words.

168. Kartička 168

     Otázka

     Listen and Repeat — what should you do after a minor slip while speaking?

     Odpověď

     Continue smoothly with the sentence. A long restart can damage rhythm and cause you to lose more of the utterance.

169. Kartička 169

     Otázka

     Take an Interview — how many questions are in the updated task?

     Odpověď

     Four questions. They follow the seven Listen and Repeat items in the 11-item Speaking section.

170. Kartička 170

     Otázka

     Take an Interview — what kind of interaction does the task simulate?

     Odpověď

     An interview related to an academic or campus situation. You respond directly to questions rather than giving a memorized speech.

171. Kartička 171

     Otázka

     Take an Interview — what kinds of content may you be asked to discuss?

     Odpověď

     Your experiences, preferences, and opinions. Questions can also invite descriptions, explanations, suggestions, predictions, or short narratives.

172. Kartička 172

     Otázka

     Take an Interview — do you need specialized subject knowledge?

     Odpověď

     No. The scenarios use accessible academic or campus contexts so you can show your English, not prior expertise.

173. Kartička 173

     Otázka

     Take an Interview — what context appears before the questions?

     Odpověď

     A scenario introduction presented in audio and print. A schematic image, map, form, or speaker photo may also provide context.

174. Kartička 174

     Otázka

     Take an Interview — what should the first sentence of an answer do?

     Odpověď

     Answer the question directly. Give your choice, position, or main information before explaining it.

175. Kartička 175

     Otázka

     Take an Interview — what simple structure supports clear elaboration?

     Odpověď

     Answer → reason → concrete detail. This structure develops one point without turning the response into a list.

176. Kartička 176

     Otázka

     Take an Interview — how can you make an opinion answer coherent?

     Odpověď

     State one position and support it consistently. A clear reason matters more than mentioning several weak or conflicting ideas.

177. Kartička 177

     Otázka

     Take an Interview — what makes a personal example useful?

     Odpověď

     It clearly supports your answer. Keep only the context, action, and result needed to show the connection.

178. Kartička 178

     Otázka

     Take an Interview — how should you answer a suggestion or prediction question?

     Odpověď

     Give the suggestion or prediction first, then explain the likely result. Make the link between action and outcome explicit.

179. Kartička 179

     Otázka

     Take an Interview — which delivery qualities matter across the responses?

     Odpověď

     Clear speech, a natural pace, intelligible pronunciation, and coherent elaboration. Suitable vocabulary and accurate grammar support the message.

180. Kartička 180

     Otázka

     Take an Interview — what should you do if you need a moment to plan?

     Odpověď

     Pause briefly, choose one main point, and begin. Long silence is less useful than a simple answer you can develop clearly.

180 kartiček

TOEFL iBT Flashcards: 12 Task Types, Vocabulary & Strategy

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