TOEFL iBT Flashcards: 12 Task Types, Vocabulary & Strategy

Karty w tej talii

1. Karta 1

   Pytanie

   TOEFL iBT overview — when did the current test format take effect?

   Odpowiedź

   January 21, 2026.

2. Karta 2

   Pytanie

   TOEFL iBT overview — what is the section order in the current test?

   Odpowiedź

   Reading, Listening, Writing, then Speaking.

3. Karta 3

   Pytanie

   TOEFL iBT overview — how much time should you allow for the full test session?

   Odpowiedź

   About two hours. The published section base times do not include directions, and adaptive sections can vary.

4. Karta 4

   Pytanie

   TOEFL iBT overview — which sections use a multistage adaptive design?

   Odpowiedź

   Reading and Listening.

5. Karta 5

   Pytanie

   TOEFL iBT overview — what does two-stage adaptivity mean for your Reading or Listening path?

   Odpowiedź

   Your performance in the first, routing stage determines whether you receive a lower- or upper-level second module.

6. Karta 6

   Pytanie

   TOEFL iBT overview — what score scale applies to tests taken from January 21, 2026?

   Odpowiedź

   The 1–6 scale. During a two-year transition, ETS also reports a comparable overall score on the 0–120 scale.

7. Karta 7

   Pytanie

   TOEFL iBT overview — what are the Reading section's published base size and time?

   Odpowiedź

   50 items in approximately 30 minutes. The actual item count and time may vary as the test adapts.

8. Karta 8

   Pytanie

   TOEFL iBT overview — what are the three Reading task types?

   Odpowiedź

   Complete the Words, Read in Daily Life, and Read an Academic Passage.

9. Karta 9

   Pytanie

   TOEFL iBT overview — what are the four Listening task types?

   Odpowiedź

   Listen and Choose a Response, Listen to a Conversation, Listen to an Announcement, and Listen to an Academic Talk.

10. Karta 10

    Pytanie

    TOEFL iBT overview — what are the three Writing task types?

    Odpowiedź

    Build a Sentence, Write an Email, and Write for an Academic Discussion.

11. Karta 11

    Pytanie

    TOEFL iBT overview — what are the two Speaking task types?

    Odpowiedź

    Listen and Repeat, and Take an Interview.

12. Karta 12

    Pytanie

    TOEFL iBT overview — what minimum participation is required for the test to be scored?

    Odpowiedź

    Answer at least one Reading item and one Listening item, and complete at least one Speaking task and one Writing task.

13. Karta 13

    Pytanie

    Complete the Words — what core ability does this task measure?

    Odpowiedź

    Processing an academic text for both meaning and form, including vocabulary, grammar, and spelling.

14. Karta 14

    Pytanie

    Complete the Words — what kind of text do you complete?

    Odpowiedź

    An academic paragraph of roughly 70–100 words.

15. Karta 15

    Pytanie

    Complete the Words — what is special about the paragraph's opening sentence?

    Odpowiedź

    It is complete. Use it to establish the topic and context before filling any gaps.

16. Karta 16

    Pytanie

    Complete the Words — which parts of words disappear after the opening sentence?

    Odpowiedź

    The latter half of every second word.

17. Karta 17

    Pytanie

    Complete the Words — how many words have missing letters in each text?

    Odpowiedź

    Ten words.

18. Karta 18

    Pytanie

    Complete the Words — what do you supply for each incomplete word?

    Odpowiedź

    The missing letters that restore the original word.

19. Karta 19

    Pytanie

    Complete the Words — which context should you check first for a difficult gap?

    Odpowiedź

    The whole sentence around the gap. It usually reveals the needed grammar and immediate meaning.

20. Karta 20

    Pytanie

    Complete the Words — how does identifying the missing word's part of speech help?

    Odpowiedź

    It narrows the possibilities to the needed noun, verb, adjective, adverb, or function word.

21. Karta 21

    Pytanie

    Complete the Words — how should you use the letters that remain visible?

    Odpowiedź

    Treat them as a fixed word beginning, then test completions that fit both grammar and meaning.

22. Karta 22

    Pytanie

    Complete the Words — why is a locally plausible word not always enough?

    Odpowiedź

    It must also fit the paragraph's larger idea. A grammatical word can still make the passage incoherent.

23. Karta 23

    Pytanie

    Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: The committee approved an alloc_____ of funds to the library.

    Odpowiedź

    allocation — the article an and the phrase of funds call for the noun form of allocate.

24. Karta 24

    Pytanie

    Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: A careful anal____ of the samples revealed the pattern.

    Odpowiedź

    analysis — the adjective careful and the phrase of the samples call for a noun.

25. Karta 25

    Pytanie

    Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: The findings provide clear evid____ for the new explanation.

    Odpowiedź

    evidence — provide clear ... for requires the noun form.

26. Karta 26

    Pytanie

    Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: Seasonal vari_____ in rainfall affects the reservoir.

    Odpowiedź

    variation — the adjective seasonal, the singular verb affects, and the preposition in point to this noun form of vary.

27. Karta 27

    Pytanie

    Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: Regular maint______ keeps the laboratory equipment safe.

    Odpowiedź

    maintenance — the adjective regular calls for the noun meaning upkeep.

28. Karta 28

    Pytanie

    Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: The source is reli____ because its methods are transparent.

    Odpowiedź

    reliable — the linking verb is calls for the adjective form of rely.

29. Karta 29

    Pytanie

    Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: The distances were measured accur_____ before comparison.

    Odpowiedź

    accurately — the missing word modifies were measured, so the adverb form is needed.

30. Karta 30

    Pytanie

    Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: Each participant made a contri______ to the final report.

    Odpowiedź

    contribution — a ... to calls for the singular noun form of contribute.

31. Karta 31

    Pytanie

    Complete the Words — what should you do if one gap is taking too long?

    Odpowiedź

    Enter the strongest context-based completion, continue, and revisit it if time remains.

32. Karta 32

    Pytanie

    Complete the Words — what practice method matches the real task better than isolated spelling drills?

    Odpowiedź

    Restore missing letters inside complete academic paragraphs, using syntax and meaning together.

33. Karta 33

    Pytanie

    Read in Daily Life — what kind of material appears in this task?

    Odpowiedź

    Short, nonacademic texts drawn from ordinary daily situations.

34. Karta 34

    Pytanie

    Read in Daily Life — about how long can a text be?

    Odpowiedź

    Roughly 15–150 words.

35. Karta 35

    Pytanie

    Read in Daily Life — how many questions usually follow one text?

    Odpowiedź

    Two or three multiple-choice questions, depending on the text's length.

36. Karta 36

    Pytanie

    Read in Daily Life — which text formats should you be ready to see?

    Odpowiedź

    Everyday formats such as notices, schedules, emails, messages, menus, forms, receipts, advertisements, and web posts.

37. Karta 37

    Pytanie

    Read in Daily Life — how should you read a schedule, menu, or form?

    Odpowiedź

    Follow its layout first. Headings, rows, columns, labels, and symbols show how the information is organized.

38. Karta 38

    Pytanie

    Read in Daily Life — what should you identify when a question asks why the text was written?

    Odpowiedź

    The writer's main purpose, such as informing, requesting, warning, inviting, or advertising.

39. Karta 39

    Pytanie

    Read in Daily Life — what is the fastest way to find one date, price, place, or deadline?

    Odpowiedź

    Scan for the exact detail and its label instead of rereading every line at the same speed.

40. Karta 40

    Pytanie

    Read in Daily Life — how should you handle an unfamiliar informal phrase?

    Odpowiedź

    Infer its practical meaning from the situation, tone, and nearby words.

41. Karta 41

    Pytanie

    Read in Daily Life — what evidence supports an implied-meaning answer?

    Odpowiedź

    Several clues in the text that point to the same conclusion, even though it is not stated directly.

42. Karta 42

    Pytanie

    Read in Daily Life — how should you interpret telegraphic wording such as No entry after 6?

    Odpowiedź

    Expand the compressed wording into its full practical message: entry is not allowed after 6.

43. Karta 43

    Pytanie

    Read in Daily Life — how can you resolve a pronoun such as it or they?

    Odpowiedź

    Match it to the nearby noun that fits both the grammar and the message's meaning.

44. Karta 44

    Pytanie

    Read in Daily Life — what quick workflow balances speed with accuracy?

    Odpowiedź

    Skim for purpose and layout, read the question, then scan the text for the specific evidence.

45. Karta 45

    Pytanie

    Read an Academic Passage — what kind of text appears in this task?

    Odpowiedź

    A short expository passage like one used in secondary or higher education.

46. Karta 46

    Pytanie

    Read an Academic Passage — about how long is each passage?

    Odpowiedź

    Approximately 200 words.

47. Karta 47

    Pytanie

    Read an Academic Passage — how many questions follow a passage?

    Odpowiedź

    Five questions.

48. Karta 48

    Pytanie

    Read an Academic Passage — which subject areas may appear?

    Odpowiedź

    Fields such as history, arts, business, economics, life science, physical science, and social science.

49. Karta 49

    Pytanie

    Read an Academic Passage — do you need prior knowledge of the topic?

    Odpowiedź

    No. The passage provides the information needed to answer its questions.

50. Karta 50

    Pytanie

    Read an Academic Passage — can you refer back to the text while answering?

    Odpowiedź

    Yes. The reading text remains visible throughout the task.

51. Karta 51

    Pytanie

    Read an Academic Passage — what should a main-idea answer cover?

    Odpowiedź

    The passage's central point, broad enough to include its major supporting ideas without adding a new claim.

52. Karta 52

    Pytanie

    Read an Academic Passage — how should you verify an answer about a factual detail?

    Odpowiedź

    Locate the relevant sentence, then check enough surrounding context to avoid reversing or overstating the fact.

53. Karta 53

    Pytanie

    Read an Academic Passage — how should you determine a word's meaning in context?

    Odpowiedź

    Substitute each plausible meaning into the sentence and keep the one that fits the local idea and tone.

54. Karta 54

    Pytanie

    Read an Academic Passage — what makes an inference defensible?

    Odpowiedź

    It follows from evidence in the passage without requiring an unsupported extra assumption.

55. Karta 55

    Pytanie

    Read an Academic Passage — how can you track the relationship between two ideas?

    Odpowiedź

    Name the link explicitly: cause and effect, contrast, comparison, example, sequence, or problem and solution.

56. Karta 56

    Pytanie

    Read an Academic Passage — what does a rhetorical-structure question ask you to recognize?

    Odpowiedź

    How the author organizes information to develop the passage, such as by comparison or cause and effect.

57. Karta 57

    Pytanie

    Read an Academic Passage — how is an author's-purpose question different from a detail question?

    Odpowiedź

    It asks why the author included a statement or section, not merely what that part says.

58. Karta 58

    Pytanie

    Read an Academic Passage — how should you unpack a long sentence with complex grammar?

    Odpowiedź

    Find the main subject and verb first, then attach modifying phrases and clauses to the ideas they describe.

59. Karta 59

    Pytanie

    Read an Academic Passage — how should you interpret figurative or idiomatic language?

    Odpowiedź

    Use the surrounding claim and tone to recover the intended meaning, rather than reading every word literally.

60. Karta 60

    Pytanie

    Read an Academic Passage — how can a paragraph's first and last sentences help?

    Odpowiedź

    They often reveal the paragraph's main role, while the middle supplies explanation or evidence.

61. Karta 61

    Pytanie

    Read an Academic Passage — what should decide between the passage and your outside knowledge?

    Odpowiedź

    The passage. Choose the answer supported by the text even when you know more about the topic.

62. Karta 62

    Pytanie

    Read an Academic Passage — what do signal words such as however, because, and for example reveal?

    Odpowiedź

    The logical move between ideas: contrast, cause, or illustration.

63. Karta 63

    Pytanie

    Read an Academic Passage — which wrong answers should you eliminate first?

    Odpowiedź

    Choices that contradict the text, distort its scope, or answer a different question.

64. Karta 64

    Pytanie

    Read an Academic Passage — what is the most efficient rereading strategy after you see a question?

    Odpowiedź

    Return to the relevant sentence or paragraph, then widen the context only if the answer depends on a larger relationship.

65. Karta 65

    Pytanie

    Listen and Choose a Response — what do you do after hearing the prompt?

    Odpowiedź

    Choose the reply that best fits the prompt. Match the speaker's meaning and purpose, not just a repeated word.

66. Karta 66

    Pytanie

    Listen and Choose a Response — which abilities does this task target?

    Odpowiedź

    Understanding meaning, speaker intent, and common patterns of spoken English. The best response must make sense in the exchange.

67. Karta 67

    Pytanie

    Listen and Choose a Response — what should you identify before comparing the options?

    Odpowiedź

    The prompt's communicative purpose. Decide whether it is a question, request, suggestion, apology, invitation, or comment.

68. Karta 68

    Pytanie

    Listen and Choose a Response — how does a question word narrow the answer?

    Odpowiedź

    It signals the information needed. For example, when calls for a time, while why calls for a reason.

69. Karta 69

    Pytanie

    Listen and Choose a Response — why can a response without yes or no fit a yes-or-no question?

    Odpowiedź

    An indirect reply can still answer the real question. The lab closes at six can explain whether there is time to visit it.

70. Karta 70

    Pytanie

    Listen and Choose a Response — what makes a reply suitable for a request?

    Odpowiedź

    It accepts, refuses, or addresses the requested action naturally. A reply about the same topic can still miss the request.

71. Karta 71

    Pytanie

    Listen and Choose a Response — what is the updated Listening section's published base length?

    Odpowiedź

    47 items in about 29 minutes. ETS notes that item count and time may vary as the section adapts.

72. Karta 72

    Pytanie

    Listen and Choose a Response — how should you handle a negatively worded question?

    Odpowiedź

    Work out the speaker's actual concern before choosing. Do not select an option only because it repeats the negative word.

73. Karta 73

    Pytanie

    Listen and Choose a Response — what is the repeated-word trap?

    Odpowiedź

    A distractor echoes vocabulary from the prompt but does not form a logical reply. Test the conversational link, not the word match.

74. Karta 74

    Pytanie

    Listen and Choose a Response — what should you do with an unfamiliar expression?

    Odpowiedź

    Infer its function from tone and context. You often need the speaker's intent more than a word-for-word definition.

75. Karta 75

    Pytanie

    Listen and Choose a Response — when two options are grammatical, what decides between them?

    Odpowiedź

    Conversational relevance. Choose the option a person would naturally say next in that situation.

76. Karta 76

    Pytanie

    Listen and Choose a Response — what does multistage adaptive mean for the Listening section?

    Odpowiedź

    The section adjusts to your ability as you progress. Its four task types stay the same, but the item count and timing may vary.

77. Karta 77

    Pytanie

    Listen to a Conversation — what setting is most typical?

    Odpowiedź

    A campus-life conversation between two people. The exchange may involve a problem, plan, service, class, or student activity.

78. Karta 78

    Pytanie

    Listen to a Conversation — which four kinds of understanding does ETS emphasize?

    Odpowiedź

    Main ideas, key details, speaker intent, and implied meaning. Listen for both what is said and why it is said.

79. Karta 79

    Pytanie

    Listen to a Conversation — how can you capture the main idea in one line?

    Odpowiedź

    Write the speakers' shared purpose or central problem. A topic label alone is usually too broad.

80. Karta 80

    Pytanie

    Listen to a Conversation — what should you track about each speaker?

    Odpowiedź

    Each speaker's role and goal. Knowing who needs information, approval, or action makes the exchange easier to follow.

81. Karta 81

    Pytanie

    Listen to a Conversation — what compact note pattern fits a problem-solving exchange?

    Odpowiedź

    Problem → options → decision. Add the reason for the final choice if the speakers give one.

82. Karta 82

    Pytanie

    Listen to a Conversation — which details are most worth writing down?

    Odpowiedź

    Details that change the plan or explain a choice. Dates, requirements, obstacles, and decisions usually matter more than examples or greetings.

83. Karta 83

    Pytanie

    Listen to a Conversation — how can tone reveal speaker intent?

    Odpowiedź

    Tone can show doubt, relief, hesitation, politeness, or disagreement. Combine it with the speaker's words before inferring intent.

84. Karta 84

    Pytanie

    Listen to a Conversation — what supports a sound inference?

    Odpowiedź

    Two or more clues from the exchange. Choose what follows from the speakers' words and situation, not what is merely possible.

85. Karta 85

    Pytanie

    Listen to a Conversation — why should you expect paraphrases in the options?

    Odpowiedź

    Correct answers often restate the audio with different words. Match the idea rather than waiting for an exact phrase.

86. Karta 86

    Pytanie

    Listen to a Conversation — how can a two-column note layout help?

    Odpowiedź

    Give each speaker a column. This keeps requests, objections, and decisions attached to the right person.

87. Karta 87

    Pytanie

    Listen to a Conversation — how do you predict a likely next action?

    Odpowiedź

    Use the final decision plus any stated condition. The next action should follow directly from where the speakers leave the situation.

88. Karta 88

    Pytanie

    Listen to a Conversation — why can one memorable sentence be misleading?

    Odpowiedź

    A single sentence may describe an option that the speakers later reject. Follow the whole exchange before choosing the outcome.

89. Karta 89

    Pytanie

    Listen to an Announcement — where does this task usually take place?

    Odpowiedź

    In an academic or campus setting. Expect a focused message about information students or staff need to act on.

90. Karta 90

    Pytanie

    Listen to an Announcement — which abilities does the task measure?

    Odpowiedź

    Understanding purpose, key information, implied meaning, and likely next actions. The message often combines facts with instructions.

    

    180 kart

    TOEFL iBT Flashcards: 12 Task Types, Vocabulary & Strategy

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91. Karta 91

    Pytanie

    Listen to an Announcement — what should your first note capture?

    Odpowiedź

    The announcement's purpose. Write the reason for the message before collecting its supporting logistics.

92. Karta 92

    Pytanie

    Listen to an Announcement — which four logistics labels keep notes organized?

    Odpowiedź

    Who, what, when, and where. Add a required action when the message asks listeners to do something.

93. Karta 93

    Pytanie

    Listen to an Announcement — which words often signal a change to an earlier plan?

    Odpowiedź

    Words such as instead, now, rescheduled, and rather than. Put the updated information in your notes, not just the original plan.

94. Karta 94

    Pytanie

    Listen to an Announcement — how should you record a reason and its result?

    Odpowiedź

    Link them as cause → consequence. This prevents you from confusing why the change happened with what listeners must do.

95. Karta 95

    Pytanie

    Listen to an Announcement — how do you identify the likely next action?

    Odpowiedź

    Look for instructions, deadlines, and eligibility conditions. The expected action must fit all three when they are stated.

96. Karta 96

    Pytanie

    Listen to an Announcement — what makes an implied conclusion safe?

    Odpowiedź

    It follows from explicit facts in the message. Do not add campus rules or procedures that the speaker never mentions.

97. Karta 97

    Pytanie

    Listen to an Announcement — how should you handle numbers, dates, and room names?

    Odpowiedź

    Write them in short form as soon as you hear them. Exact logistical details are harder to reconstruct from memory than the main purpose.

98. Karta 98

    Pytanie

    Listen to an Announcement — what evidence should control your answer?

    Odpowiedź

    The speaker's actual message. Familiar campus routines may sound plausible, but they are not evidence unless the audio supports them.

99. Karta 99

    Pytanie

    Listen to an Academic Talk — what kind of audio do you hear?

    Odpowiedź

    A short academic talk by a professor or expert. It is focused rather than a long lecture set.

100. Karta 100

     Pytanie

     Listen to an Academic Talk — do you need specialist knowledge of the subject?

     Odpowiedź

     No. ETS uses varied academic fields, but the information needed to answer comes from the talk itself.

101. Karta 101

     Pytanie

     Listen to an Academic Talk — which kinds of understanding does ETS target?

     Odpowiedź

     Main ideas, supporting details, organization, inferences, and sometimes uncommon or idiomatic vocabulary.

102. Karta 102

     Pytanie

     Listen to an Academic Talk — how should you phrase the main idea in your notes?

     Odpowiedź

     Write the topic plus the professor's central point about it. A bare subject name does not capture the talk's direction.

103. Karta 103

     Pytanie

     Listen to an Academic Talk — which common structures should you listen for?

     Odpowiedź

     Comparison, cause and effect, a sequence, a definition with examples, or a problem with a solution. The structure shows how details connect.

104. Karta 104

     Pytanie

     Listen to an Academic Talk — what do signposts such as first, however, and as a result reveal?

     Odpowiedź

     The relationship between ideas. They can mark sequence, contrast, or consequence before the content is complete.

105. Karta 105

     Pytanie

     Listen to an Academic Talk — how can you tell why the speaker gives an example?

     Odpowiedź

     Connect the example to the claim immediately before it. The example may illustrate, support, qualify, or challenge that point.

106. Karta 106

     Pytanie

     Listen to an Academic Talk — what is an efficient comparison note?

     Odpowiedź

     Name both subjects and record one shared feature or key difference. Keep each feature aligned with the correct subject.

107. Karta 107

     Pytanie

     Listen to an Academic Talk — what note symbol clarifies a causal chain?

     Odpowiedź

     Use arrows: cause → immediate effect → wider result. This preserves order when several consequences are discussed.

108. Karta 108

     Pytanie

     Listen to an Academic Talk — how should you record a new term?

     Odpowiedź

     Write the term, a short definition, and one example if given. Keep the example attached to the concept it illustrates.

109. Karta 109

     Pytanie

     Listen to an Academic Talk — what makes an inference stronger than a guess?

     Odpowiedź

     It combines the speaker's claim, supporting detail, and tone. A reasonable fact from outside the talk is still not enough.

110. Karta 110

     Pytanie

     Listen to an Academic Talk — how can context unlock an uncommon word?

     Odpowiedź

     Use the surrounding definition, contrast, example, or result. Infer the meaning needed in that sentence rather than a complete dictionary entry.

111. Karta 111

     Pytanie

     Listen to an Academic Talk — how should you interpret an idiomatic phrase?

     Odpowiedź

     Read it through the speaker's point and tone, not word by word. The intended meaning must fit the surrounding explanation.

112. Karta 112

     Pytanie

     Listen to an Academic Talk — what note hierarchy keeps details useful?

     Odpowiedź

     Main idea → major point → evidence or example. Indentation helps you see which detail supports which claim.

113. Karta 113

     Pytanie

     Listen to an Academic Talk — why should you mark a correction or qualification?

     Odpowiedź

     It may replace or narrow an earlier statement. The revised idea, not the first rough version, is usually the one that matters.

114. Karta 114

     Pytanie

     Listen to an Academic Talk — how can the ending help you check your notes?

     Odpowiedź

     Use the closing summary or conclusion to confirm the central point. Update your main-idea note if the talk's direction became clearer.

115. Karta 115

     Pytanie

     Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks. Start with The seminar and end with at noon: the seminar / begins / at noon

     Odpowiedź

     The seminar begins at noon.

116. Karta 116

     Pytanie

     Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks. Start with The research team and end with its findings: has / the research team / published / its findings

     Odpowiedź

     The research team has published its findings.

117. Karta 117

     Pytanie

     Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks. Start with The field trip and end with heavy rain: was postponed / because of heavy rain / the field trip

     Odpowiedź

     The field trip was postponed because of heavy rain.

118. Karta 118

     Pytanie

     Build a Sentence — combine the ideas with although: The course is demanding. It remains popular.

     Odpowiedź

     Although the course is demanding, it remains popular.

119. Karta 119

     Pytanie

     Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks: that opened last month / the café / hires student musicians

     Odpowiedź

     The café that opened last month hires student musicians.

120. Karta 120

     Pytanie

     Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks as a question: the library / when / does / close

     Odpowiedź

     When does the library close?

121. Karta 121

     Pytanie

     Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks. Start with The bus and end with we arrived: had already left / when / we arrived / the bus

     Odpowiedź

     The bus had already left when we arrived.

122. Karta 122

     Pytanie

     Build a Sentence — combine the ideas with an infinitive of purpose: Lena visited the office. She wanted to replace her ID card.

     Odpowiedź

     Lena visited the office to replace her ID card.

123. Karta 123

     Pytanie

     Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks. Start with The hikers and end with the path was icy: because / the path was icy / the hikers turned back

     Odpowiedź

     The hikers turned back because the path was icy.

124. Karta 124

     Pytanie

     Build a Sentence — complete the comparison: This route is ___ than the coastal road. Use short.

     Odpowiedź

     This route is shorter than the coastal road.

125. Karta 125

     Pytanie

     Build a Sentence — correct the agreement error: The list of required books are on the course page.

     Odpowiedź

     The list of required books is on the course page. The singular head noun list controls the verb.

126. Karta 126

     Pytanie

     Build a Sentence — correct the embedded question: Could you tell me where is the advising office?

     Odpowiedź

     Could you tell me where the advising office is? Embedded questions use statement word order.

127. Karta 127

     Pytanie

     Build a Sentence — the next day, report Ana's statement from the previous evening: I will send the file tonight.

     Odpowiedź

     Ana said that she would send the file that night.

128. Karta 128

     Pytanie

     Build a Sentence — complete the real conditional with will and a form of print: If the printer is available, I ___ the forms now.

     Odpowiedź

     If the printer is available, I will print the forms now.

129. Karta 129

     Pytanie

     Build a Sentence — choose the correct verb: There ___ several quiet rooms upstairs.

     Odpowiedź

     There are several quiet rooms upstairs.

130. Karta 130

     Pytanie

     Build a Sentence — fix the parallel structure: The workshop teaches students to plan projects, managing time, and how to present results.

     Odpowiedź

     The workshop teaches students to plan projects, manage time, and present results.

131. Karta 131

     Pytanie

     Build a Sentence — place often naturally: Students use the study rooms after class.

     Odpowiedź

     Students often use the study rooms after class.

132. Karta 132

     Pytanie

     Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks: did we notice / only after the lab closed / the missing key

     Odpowiedź

     Only after the lab closed did we notice the missing key.

133. Karta 133

     Pytanie

     Write an Email — you need an extension from an instructor. What tone fits?

     Odpowiedź

     Polite and direct. State the request clearly, give the relevant reason, and avoid either casual slang or exaggerated formality.

134. Karta 134

     Pytanie

     Write an Email — what should the opening establish first?

     Odpowiedź

     Why you are writing. Give the reader the purpose before supporting details.

135. Karta 135

     Pytanie

     Write an Email — make this request polite and specific: Send me the new schedule.

     Odpowiedź

     Could you please send me the updated schedule?

136. Karta 136

     Pytanie

     Write an Email — a classmate sent useful notes. What should a clear reply do before adding a question?

     Odpowiedź

     Acknowledge the help, then ask the question. This keeps the response connected to the message.

137. Karta 137

     Pytanie

     Write an Email — after making a request, what kind of reason is most useful?

     Odpowiedź

     A brief, relevant reason that helps the reader understand the request. Unrelated background weakens the message.

138. Karta 138

     Pytanie

     Write an Email — the study room is unavailable. What move turns the complaint into a solution?

     Odpowiedź

     Propose a practical alternative, such as moving the meeting to another room or time.

139. Karta 139

     Pytanie

     Write an Email — ask politely whether a workshop begins at 9:00 a.m.

     Odpowiedź

     Could you confirm whether the workshop begins at 9:00 a.m.?

140. Karta 140

     Pytanie

     Write an Email — what should you compare with the prompt before submitting?

     Odpowiedź

     Every requested content point, the audience, and the purpose. Make sure none has been skipped.

141. Karta 141

     Pytanie

     Write an Email — when two requested points are different, how can you make both easy to find?

     Odpowiedź

     Give each point its own clear sentence or short paragraph instead of burying both in one long sentence.

142. Karta 142

     Pytanie

     Write an Email — revise the vague sentence: It caused a problem, so I need it changed. The problem is a lab time that overlaps with a lecture.

     Odpowiedź

     The lab overlaps with my lecture, so I need to change my lab time.

143. Karta 143

     Pytanie

     Write an Email — which detail should you cut first during a quick clarity edit?

     Odpowiedź

     A detail that does not help the reader understand or act on the email's purpose.

144. Karta 144

     Pytanie

     Write an Email — what should a closing make clear?

     Odpowiedź

     The next step or the response you need, followed by a suitable sign-off.

145. Karta 145

     Pytanie

     Academic Discussion — what should your first sentence make clear?

     Odpowiedź

     Your position on the question. A direct claim gives the rest of the response a clear direction.

146. Karta 146

     Pytanie

     Academic Discussion — what should follow a position so it becomes an argument?

     Odpowiedź

     A relevant reason that explains why the position makes sense.

147. Karta 147

     Pytanie

     Academic Discussion — which support is stronger: This is better or a specific campus example?

     Odpowiedź

     A specific campus example. It shows how the reason works instead of repeating the claim.

148. Karta 148

     Pytanie

     Academic Discussion — how can you disagree with a classmate without sounding dismissive?

     Odpowiedź

     Acknowledge the classmate's point, then state the specific limit or alternative you see.

149. Karta 149

     Pytanie

     Academic Discussion — complete the concession frame: Although online courses offer flexibility, ...

     Odpowiedź

     Although online courses offer flexibility, some students learn better with regular face-to-face discussion.

150. Karta 150

     Pytanie

     Academic Discussion — a classmate gives an example but no broader lesson. What useful move can you add?

     Odpowiedź

     Explain what the example suggests about the discussion question. This extends the idea instead of restating it.

151. Karta 151

     Pytanie

     Academic Discussion — revise the overbroad claim: Group projects always teach every student leadership.

     Odpowiedź

     Group projects can teach leadership when students share responsibility for decisions and results.

152. Karta 152

     Pytanie

     Academic Discussion — why should you avoid everyone knows as support?

     Odpowiedź

     It treats an unsupported assumption as evidence. Give a reason or example that the reader can evaluate.

153. Karta 153

     Pytanie

     Academic Discussion — link this example to the claim: A later library closing time would help students. Many science labs finish at 9:00 p.m.

     Odpowiedź

     A later closing time would help because students leaving evening labs could still use the library.

154. Karta 154

     Pytanie

     Academic Discussion — which connector clearly introduces a contrast with the previous idea?

     Odpowiedź

     However introduces a contrasting point. The contrast itself must still be clear from the sentences.

155. Karta 155

     Pytanie

     Academic Discussion — replace the vague support: Technology helps students in many ways. Give one concrete mechanism.

     Odpowiedź

     Recorded lectures help students review an explanation they did not understand the first time.

156. Karta 156

     Pytanie

     Academic Discussion — correct the agreement error: Each of the proposals offer a different benefit.

     Odpowiedź

     Each of the proposals offers a different benefit.

157. Karta 157

     Pytanie

     Academic Discussion — fix the run-on sentence: Campus buses reduce traffic they also make commuting cheaper.

     Odpowiedź

     Campus buses reduce traffic, and they also make commuting cheaper.

158. Karta 158

     Pytanie

     Academic Discussion — which connector clearly introduces a result?

     Odpowiedź

     Therefore introduces a result or conclusion that follows from the previous idea.

159. Karta 159

     Pytanie

     Academic Discussion — what four items belong in a fast final check?

     Odpowiedź

     A clear position, a relevant reason, specific support, and sentences that connect logically.

160. Karta 160

     Pytanie

     Academic Discussion — why is a memorized paragraph a poor substitute for a flexible response plan?

     Odpowiedź

     It may not answer the actual question or connect to the discussion. Use a simple claim–reason–example plan and write for the prompt you receive.

161. Karta 161

     Pytanie

     Listen and Repeat — how many items does the updated task contain?

     Odpowiedź

     Seven items. Together with four Take an Interview questions, they make the Speaking section's 11 items in about eight minutes.

162. Karta 162

     Pytanie

     Listen and Repeat — what must you do with each sentence?

     Odpowiedź

     Repeat it exactly as you hear it. This is a reproduction task, so do not summarize or improve the wording.

163. Karta 163

     Pytanie

     Listen and Repeat — which two qualities does the task directly measure?

     Odpowiedź

     Accuracy and clear intelligibility. Your speech should preserve the sentence and be easy for a proficient English speaker to understand.

164. Karta 164

     Pytanie

     Listen and Repeat — how does difficulty progress within the task?

     Odpowiedź

     Sentences grow longer and more complex. They may move from one simple clause to dependent clauses, relative clauses, or complex noun phrases.

165. Karta 165

     Pytanie

     Listen and Repeat — what is the most useful way to hold a longer sentence in memory?

     Odpowiedź

     Keep it in meaning chunks. Follow the sentence's phrases and clauses instead of trying to store an unbroken string of words.

166. Karta 166

     Pytanie

     Listen and Repeat — what should you preserve besides the words?

     Odpowiedź

     The sentence's rhythm, stress, and intonation. These features divide meaning into clear spoken groups and support intelligibility.

167. Karta 167

     Pytanie

     Listen and Repeat — which small language features are easy to lose?

     Odpowiedź

     Articles, prepositions, auxiliary verbs, and word endings. Listen for these grammatical signals as carefully as the main content words.

168. Karta 168

     Pytanie

     Listen and Repeat — what should you do after a minor slip while speaking?

     Odpowiedź

     Continue smoothly with the sentence. A long restart can damage rhythm and cause you to lose more of the utterance.

169. Karta 169

     Pytanie

     Take an Interview — how many questions are in the updated task?

     Odpowiedź

     Four questions. They follow the seven Listen and Repeat items in the 11-item Speaking section.

170. Karta 170

     Pytanie

     Take an Interview — what kind of interaction does the task simulate?

     Odpowiedź

     An interview related to an academic or campus situation. You respond directly to questions rather than giving a memorized speech.

171. Karta 171

     Pytanie

     Take an Interview — what kinds of content may you be asked to discuss?

     Odpowiedź

     Your experiences, preferences, and opinions. Questions can also invite descriptions, explanations, suggestions, predictions, or short narratives.

172. Karta 172

     Pytanie

     Take an Interview — do you need specialized subject knowledge?

     Odpowiedź

     No. The scenarios use accessible academic or campus contexts so you can show your English, not prior expertise.

173. Karta 173

     Pytanie

     Take an Interview — what context appears before the questions?

     Odpowiedź

     A scenario introduction presented in audio and print. A schematic image, map, form, or speaker photo may also provide context.

174. Karta 174

     Pytanie

     Take an Interview — what should the first sentence of an answer do?

     Odpowiedź

     Answer the question directly. Give your choice, position, or main information before explaining it.

175. Karta 175

     Pytanie

     Take an Interview — what simple structure supports clear elaboration?

     Odpowiedź

     Answer → reason → concrete detail. This structure develops one point without turning the response into a list.

176. Karta 176

     Pytanie

     Take an Interview — how can you make an opinion answer coherent?

     Odpowiedź

     State one position and support it consistently. A clear reason matters more than mentioning several weak or conflicting ideas.

177. Karta 177

     Pytanie

     Take an Interview — what makes a personal example useful?

     Odpowiedź

     It clearly supports your answer. Keep only the context, action, and result needed to show the connection.

178. Karta 178

     Pytanie

     Take an Interview — how should you answer a suggestion or prediction question?

     Odpowiedź

     Give the suggestion or prediction first, then explain the likely result. Make the link between action and outcome explicit.

179. Karta 179

     Pytanie

     Take an Interview — which delivery qualities matter across the responses?

     Odpowiedź

     Clear speech, a natural pace, intelligible pronunciation, and coherent elaboration. Suitable vocabulary and accurate grammar support the message.

180. Karta 180

     Pytanie

     Take an Interview — what should you do if you need a moment to plan?

     Odpowiedź

     Pause briefly, choose one main point, and begin. Long silence is less useful than a simple answer you can develop clearly.

180 kart

TOEFL iBT Flashcards: 12 Task Types, Vocabulary & Strategy

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