Circle of Fifths Flashcards: Keys, Signatures & Relative Minors
Practice major and minor keys, spelled key signatures, relative-key pairs, accidental order, and neighboring circle positions.
اس ڈیک کے بارے میں
Reading a finished circle is easy; recalling one relationship without the wheel is the useful part. These 87 text-only cards make you rebuild the circle of fifths from small, practical mappings.
What the cards practice
- Circle rule → musical change: recall what clockwise and counterclockwise moves do to the tonic and key signature, plus how relative keys and accidental order work.
- Major key → spelled signature: name every accidental for all 15 conventional spellings from C♭ major through C♯ major.
- Written accidental set → major and relative minor: reverse each of those 15 signatures without relying on a staff image.
- Major key ↔ relative minor: practice all 15 pairs in both directions, keeping spellings such as D♯ minor and E♭ minor distinct.
- Local circle move → neighboring major key: move clockwise or counterclockwise across every conventional adjacent pair, including the separate sharp-side and flat-side routes at the bottom.
- Enharmonic pair → spelling distinction: compare B/C♭, F♯/G♭, and C♯/D♭ by signature and relative minor.
The deck leaves out ear training, staff-image identification, chord progressions, and exhaustive scale spelling. Staff recognition is already covered by the Major & Minor Key Signatures deck; this deck focuses on recalling the relationships behind the diagram.
The order starts with interleaved reconstruction rules, introduces signatures from zero accidentals outward, and then separates reverse and relative-key prompts with deterministic strides. The final block interleaves neighbor moves and enharmonic comparisons after their spellings are familiar. The review scheduler handles longer-term spacing after installation.
Facts were independently checked against Open Music Theory, musictheory.net, and Berklee Online. The questions, answers, selection, sequence, metadata, and generated cover are shared under CC0 1.0 to the extent those original elements can be dedicated. Musical facts remain common knowledge. No third-party media or protected deck text was used.
اس ڈیک کے کارڈز
کارڈ 1
سوال
In what order are sharps added to key signatures?
جواب
F♯, C♯, G♯, D♯, A♯, E♯, B♯.
کارڈ 2
سوال
What changes when you move one step clockwise on the circle of fifths?
جواب
The tonic moves up a perfect fifth. The signature shifts one step toward sharps: add one sharp or remove one flat.
کارڈ 3
سوال
What makes a major key and a minor key relative?
جواب
They share the same key signature. Their tonics and modes are different.
کارڈ 4
سوال
How can you find a major key's relative minor tonic?
جواب
Go down a minor third from the major tonic. It is also scale degree 6 of the major scale.
کارڈ 5
سوال
In what order are flats added to key signatures?
جواب
B♭, E♭, A♭, D♭, G♭, C♭, F♭.
کارڈ 6
سوال
What changes when you move one step counterclockwise on the circle of fifths?
جواب
The tonic moves down a perfect fifth. The signature shifts one step toward flats: add one flat or remove one sharp.
کارڈ 7
سوال
Why do 15 conventional major key signatures fit into 12 pitch-class positions?
جواب
Three positions have two enharmonic spellings. B/C♭, F♯/G♭, and C♯/D♭ sound alike in equal temperament but use different written signatures.
کارڈ 8
سوال
How can you find a minor key's relative major tonic?
جواب
Go up a minor third from the minor tonic. It is also scale degree 3 of the natural minor scale.
کارڈ 9
سوال
How are the conventional sharp and flat orders related?
جواب
They are exact reverses. F–C–G–D–A–E–B for sharps becomes B–E–A–D–G–C–F for flats.
کارڈ 10
سوال
What is normally true of neighboring major keys on the circle?
جواب
Their key signatures differ by one accidental. Keep the sharp-side or flat-side spelling consistent at the enharmonic bottom.
کارڈ 11
سوال
What is the key signature of C major?
جواب
No sharps or flats.
کارڈ 12
سوال
What is the key signature of G major?
جواب
1 sharp: F♯.
کارڈ 13
سوال
What is the key signature of F major?
جواب
1 flat: B♭.
کارڈ 14
سوال
What is the key signature of D major?
جواب
2 sharps: F♯, C♯.
کارڈ 15
سوال
What is the key signature of B♭ major?
جواب
2 flats: B♭, E♭.
کارڈ 16
سوال
What is the key signature of A major?
جواب
3 sharps: F♯, C♯, G♯.
کارڈ 17
سوال
What is the key signature of E♭ major?
جواب
3 flats: B♭, E♭, A♭.
کارڈ 18
سوال
What is the key signature of E major?
جواب
4 sharps: F♯, C♯, G♯, D♯.
کارڈ 19
سوال
What is the key signature of A♭ major?
جواب
4 flats: B♭, E♭, A♭, D♭.
کارڈ 20
سوال
What is the key signature of B major?
جواب
5 sharps: F♯, C♯, G♯, D♯, A♯.
کارڈ 21
سوال
What is the key signature of D♭ major?
جواب
5 flats: B♭, E♭, A♭, D♭, G♭.
کارڈ 22
سوال
What is the key signature of F♯ major?
جواب
6 sharps: F♯, C♯, G♯, D♯, A♯, E♯.
کارڈ 23
سوال
What is the key signature of G♭ major?
جواب
6 flats: B♭, E♭, A♭, D♭, G♭, C♭.
کارڈ 24
سوال
What is the key signature of C♯ major?
جواب
7 sharps: F♯, C♯, G♯, D♯, A♯, E♯, B♯.
کارڈ 25
سوال
What is the key signature of C♭ major?
جواب
7 flats: B♭, E♭, A♭, D♭, G♭, C♭, F♭.
کارڈ 26
سوال
No sharps or flats — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
جواب
C major and A minor.
کارڈ 27
سوال
2 flats (B♭, E♭) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
جواب
B♭ major and G minor.
کارڈ 28
سوال
4 flats (B♭, E♭, A♭, D♭) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
جواب
A♭ major and F minor.
کارڈ 29
سوال
6 flats (B♭, E♭, A♭, D♭, G♭, C♭) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
جواب
G♭ major and E♭ minor.
کارڈ 30
سوال
1 sharp (F♯) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
جواب
G major and E minor.
کارڈ 31
سوال
3 sharps (F♯, C♯, G♯) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
جواب
A major and F♯ minor.
کارڈ 32
سوال
5 sharps (F♯, C♯, G♯, D♯, A♯) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
جواب
B major and G♯ minor.
کارڈ 33
سوال
7 sharps (F♯, C♯, G♯, D♯, A♯, E♯, B♯) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
جواب
C♯ major and A♯ minor.
کارڈ 34
سوال
1 flat (B♭) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
جواب
F major and D minor.
کارڈ 35
سوال
3 flats (B♭, E♭, A♭) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
جواب
E♭ major and C minor.
کارڈ 36
سوال
5 flats (B♭, E♭, A♭, D♭, G♭) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
جواب
D♭ major and B♭ minor.
کارڈ 37
سوال
7 flats (B♭, E♭, A♭, D♭, G♭, C♭, F♭) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
جواب
C♭ major and A♭ minor.
کارڈ 38
سوال
2 sharps (F♯, C♯) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
جواب
D major and B minor.
کارڈ 39
سوال
4 sharps (F♯, C♯, G♯, D♯) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
جواب
E major and C♯ minor.
کارڈ 40
سوال
6 sharps (F♯, C♯, G♯, D♯, A♯, E♯) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
جواب
F♯ major and D♯ minor.
کارڈ 41
سوال
What is the relative minor of C major?
جواب
A minor. Both keys have no sharps or flats.
کارڈ 42
سوال
What is the relative minor of E major?
جواب
C♯ minor. Both keys have four sharps.
کارڈ 43
سوال
What is the relative minor of C♭ major?
جواب
A♭ minor. Both keys have seven flats.
کارڈ 44
سوال
What is the relative minor of E♭ major?
جواب
C minor. Both keys have three flats.
کارڈ 45
سوال
What is the relative minor of C♯ major?
جواب
A♯ minor. Both keys have seven sharps.
کارڈ 46
سوال
What is the relative minor of A major?
جواب
F♯ minor. Both keys have three sharps.
کارڈ 47
سوال
What is the relative minor of G♭ major?
جواب
E♭ minor. Both keys have six flats.
کارڈ 48
سوال
What is the relative minor of B♭ major?
جواب
G minor. Both keys have two flats.
کارڈ 49
سوال
What is the relative minor of F♯ major?
جواب
D♯ minor. Both keys have six sharps.
کارڈ 50
سوال
What is the relative minor of D major?
جواب
B minor. Both keys have two sharps.
کارڈ 51
سوال
What is the relative minor of D♭ major?
جواب
B♭ minor. Both keys have five flats.
کارڈ 52
سوال
What is the relative minor of F major?
جواب
D minor. Both keys have one flat.
کارڈ 53
سوال
What is the relative minor of B major?
جواب
G♯ minor. Both keys have five sharps.
کارڈ 54
سوال
What is the relative minor of G major?
جواب
E minor. Both keys have one sharp.
کارڈ 55
سوال
What is the relative minor of A♭ major?
جواب
F minor. Both keys have four flats.
کارڈ 56
سوال
What is the relative major of B minor?
جواب
D major. Both keys have two sharps.
کارڈ 57
سوال
What is the relative major of A♭ minor?
جواب
C♭ major. Both keys have seven flats.
کارڈ 58
سوال
What is the relative major of B♭ minor?
جواب
D♭ major. Both keys have five flats.
کارڈ 59
سوال
What is the relative major of C minor?
جواب
E♭ major. Both keys have three flats.
کارڈ 60
سوال
What is the relative major of D minor?
جواب
F major. Both keys have one flat.
کارڈ 61
سوال
What is the relative major of A♯ minor?
جواب
C♯ major. Both keys have seven sharps.
کارڈ 62
سوال
What is the relative major of G♯ minor?
جواب
B major. Both keys have five sharps.
کارڈ 63
سوال
What is the relative major of F♯ minor?
جواب
A major. Both keys have three sharps.
کارڈ 64
سوال
What is the relative major of E minor?
جواب
G major. Both keys have one sharp.
کارڈ 65
سوال
What is the relative major of E♭ minor?
جواب
G♭ major. Both keys have six flats.
کارڈ 66
سوال
What is the relative major of F minor?
جواب
A♭ major. Both keys have four flats.
کارڈ 67
سوال
What is the relative major of G minor?
جواب
B♭ major. Both keys have two flats.
کارڈ 68
سوال
What is the relative major of A minor?
جواب
C major. Both keys have no sharps or flats.
کارڈ 69
سوال
What is the relative major of D♯ minor?
جواب
F♯ major. Both keys have six sharps.
کارڈ 70
سوال
What is the relative major of C♯ minor?
جواب
E major. Both keys have four sharps.
کارڈ 71
سوال
Move one step counterclockwise from F♯ major. Which major key is next?
جواب
B major. The move goes down a perfect fifth and reduces six sharps to five.
کارڈ 72
سوال
How do C♯ major and D♭ major differ at the enharmonic bottom of the circle?
جواب
C♯ major has seven sharps; D♭ major has five flats. Their tonics are enharmonic in equal temperament, but their relative minors are spelled A♯ minor and B♭ minor.
کارڈ 73
سوال
Move one step clockwise from C major. Which major key is next?
جواب
G major. The move goes up a perfect fifth and changes no accidentals to one sharp.
کارڈ 74
سوال
Move one step clockwise from D major. Which major key is next?
جواب
A major. The move goes up a perfect fifth and increases two sharps to three.
کارڈ 75
سوال
Move one step counterclockwise from G♭ major. Which major key is next?
جواب
C♭ major. The move goes down a perfect fifth and increases six flats to seven.
کارڈ 76
سوال
Move one step clockwise from E major. Which major key is next?
جواب
B major. The move goes up a perfect fifth and increases four sharps to five.
کارڈ 77
سوال
Move one step counterclockwise from A♭ major. Which major key is next?
جواب
D♭ major. The move goes down a perfect fifth and increases four flats to five.
کارڈ 78
سوال
Move one step counterclockwise from D major. Which major key is next?
جواب
G major. The move goes down a perfect fifth and reduces two sharps to one.
کارڈ 79
سوال
How do F♯ major and G♭ major differ at the enharmonic bottom of the circle?
جواب
F♯ major has six sharps; G♭ major has six flats. Their tonics are enharmonic in equal temperament, but their relative minors are spelled D♯ minor and E♭ minor.
کارڈ 80
سوال
Move one step clockwise from B♭ major. Which major key is next?
جواب
F major. The move goes up a perfect fifth and reduces two flats to one.
کارڈ 81
سوال
Move one step counterclockwise from E major. Which major key is next?
جواب
A major. The move goes down a perfect fifth and reduces four sharps to three.
کارڈ 82
سوال
Move one step clockwise from A♭ major. Which major key is next?
جواب
E♭ major. The move goes up a perfect fifth and reduces four flats to three.
کارڈ 83
سوال
Move one step clockwise from G♭ major. Which major key is next?
جواب
D♭ major. The move goes up a perfect fifth and reduces six flats to five.
کارڈ 84
سوال
How do B major and C♭ major differ at the enharmonic bottom of the circle?
جواب
B major has five sharps; C♭ major has seven flats. Their tonics are enharmonic in equal temperament, but their relative minors are spelled G♯ minor and A♭ minor.
کارڈ 85
سوال
Move one step counterclockwise from C major. Which major key is next?
جواب
F major. The move goes down a perfect fifth and changes no accidentals to one flat.
کارڈ 86
سوال
Move one step counterclockwise from B♭ major. Which major key is next?
جواب
E♭ major. The move goes down a perfect fifth and increases two flats to three.
کارڈ 87
سوال
Move one step clockwise from F♯ major. Which major key is next?
جواب
C♯ major. The move goes up a perfect fifth and increases six sharps to seven.
87 کارڈز
Circle of Fifths Flashcards: Keys, Signatures & Relative Minors
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