Circle of Fifths Flashcards: Keys, Signatures & Relative Minors
Practice major and minor keys, spelled key signatures, relative-key pairs, accidental order, and neighboring circle positions.
Despre acest pachet
Reading a finished circle is easy; recalling one relationship without the wheel is the useful part. These 87 text-only cards make you rebuild the circle of fifths from small, practical mappings.
What the cards practice
- Circle rule → musical change: recall what clockwise and counterclockwise moves do to the tonic and key signature, plus how relative keys and accidental order work.
- Major key → spelled signature: name every accidental for all 15 conventional spellings from C♭ major through C♯ major.
- Written accidental set → major and relative minor: reverse each of those 15 signatures without relying on a staff image.
- Major key ↔ relative minor: practice all 15 pairs in both directions, keeping spellings such as D♯ minor and E♭ minor distinct.
- Local circle move → neighboring major key: move clockwise or counterclockwise across every conventional adjacent pair, including the separate sharp-side and flat-side routes at the bottom.
- Enharmonic pair → spelling distinction: compare B/C♭, F♯/G♭, and C♯/D♭ by signature and relative minor.
The deck leaves out ear training, staff-image identification, chord progressions, and exhaustive scale spelling. Staff recognition is already covered by the Major & Minor Key Signatures deck; this deck focuses on recalling the relationships behind the diagram.
The order starts with interleaved reconstruction rules, introduces signatures from zero accidentals outward, and then separates reverse and relative-key prompts with deterministic strides. The final block interleaves neighbor moves and enharmonic comparisons after their spellings are familiar. The review scheduler handles longer-term spacing after installation.
Facts were independently checked against Open Music Theory, musictheory.net, and Berklee Online. The questions, answers, selection, sequence, metadata, and generated cover are shared under CC0 1.0 to the extent those original elements can be dedicated. Musical facts remain common knowledge. No third-party media or protected deck text was used.
Fișele din acest pachet
Fișa 1
Întrebare
In what order are sharps added to key signatures?
Răspuns
F♯, C♯, G♯, D♯, A♯, E♯, B♯.
Fișa 2
Întrebare
What changes when you move one step clockwise on the circle of fifths?
Răspuns
The tonic moves up a perfect fifth. The signature shifts one step toward sharps: add one sharp or remove one flat.
Fișa 3
Întrebare
What makes a major key and a minor key relative?
Răspuns
They share the same key signature. Their tonics and modes are different.
Fișa 4
Întrebare
How can you find a major key's relative minor tonic?
Răspuns
Go down a minor third from the major tonic. It is also scale degree 6 of the major scale.
Fișa 5
Întrebare
In what order are flats added to key signatures?
Răspuns
B♭, E♭, A♭, D♭, G♭, C♭, F♭.
Fișa 6
Întrebare
What changes when you move one step counterclockwise on the circle of fifths?
Răspuns
The tonic moves down a perfect fifth. The signature shifts one step toward flats: add one flat or remove one sharp.
Fișa 7
Întrebare
Why do 15 conventional major key signatures fit into 12 pitch-class positions?
Răspuns
Three positions have two enharmonic spellings. B/C♭, F♯/G♭, and C♯/D♭ sound alike in equal temperament but use different written signatures.
Fișa 8
Întrebare
How can you find a minor key's relative major tonic?
Răspuns
Go up a minor third from the minor tonic. It is also scale degree 3 of the natural minor scale.
Fișa 9
Întrebare
How are the conventional sharp and flat orders related?
Răspuns
They are exact reverses. F–C–G–D–A–E–B for sharps becomes B–E–A–D–G–C–F for flats.
Fișa 10
Întrebare
What is normally true of neighboring major keys on the circle?
Răspuns
Their key signatures differ by one accidental. Keep the sharp-side or flat-side spelling consistent at the enharmonic bottom.
Fișa 11
Întrebare
What is the key signature of C major?
Răspuns
No sharps or flats.
Fișa 12
Întrebare
What is the key signature of G major?
Răspuns
1 sharp: F♯.
Fișa 13
Întrebare
What is the key signature of F major?
Răspuns
1 flat: B♭.
Fișa 14
Întrebare
What is the key signature of D major?
Răspuns
2 sharps: F♯, C♯.
Fișa 15
Întrebare
What is the key signature of B♭ major?
Răspuns
2 flats: B♭, E♭.
Fișa 16
Întrebare
What is the key signature of A major?
Răspuns
3 sharps: F♯, C♯, G♯.
Fișa 17
Întrebare
What is the key signature of E♭ major?
Răspuns
3 flats: B♭, E♭, A♭.
Fișa 18
Întrebare
What is the key signature of E major?
Răspuns
4 sharps: F♯, C♯, G♯, D♯.
Fișa 19
Întrebare
What is the key signature of A♭ major?
Răspuns
4 flats: B♭, E♭, A♭, D♭.
Fișa 20
Întrebare
What is the key signature of B major?
Răspuns
5 sharps: F♯, C♯, G♯, D♯, A♯.
Fișa 21
Întrebare
What is the key signature of D♭ major?
Răspuns
5 flats: B♭, E♭, A♭, D♭, G♭.
Fișa 22
Întrebare
What is the key signature of F♯ major?
Răspuns
6 sharps: F♯, C♯, G♯, D♯, A♯, E♯.
Fișa 23
Întrebare
What is the key signature of G♭ major?
Răspuns
6 flats: B♭, E♭, A♭, D♭, G♭, C♭.
Fișa 24
Întrebare
What is the key signature of C♯ major?
Răspuns
7 sharps: F♯, C♯, G♯, D♯, A♯, E♯, B♯.
Fișa 25
Întrebare
What is the key signature of C♭ major?
Răspuns
7 flats: B♭, E♭, A♭, D♭, G♭, C♭, F♭.
Fișa 26
Întrebare
No sharps or flats — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
Răspuns
C major and A minor.
Fișa 27
Întrebare
2 flats (B♭, E♭) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
Răspuns
B♭ major and G minor.
Fișa 28
Întrebare
4 flats (B♭, E♭, A♭, D♭) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
Răspuns
A♭ major and F minor.
Fișa 29
Întrebare
6 flats (B♭, E♭, A♭, D♭, G♭, C♭) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
Răspuns
G♭ major and E♭ minor.
Fișa 30
Întrebare
1 sharp (F♯) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
Răspuns
G major and E minor.
Fișa 31
Întrebare
3 sharps (F♯, C♯, G♯) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
Răspuns
A major and F♯ minor.
Fișa 32
Întrebare
5 sharps (F♯, C♯, G♯, D♯, A♯) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
Răspuns
B major and G♯ minor.
Fișa 33
Întrebare
7 sharps (F♯, C♯, G♯, D♯, A♯, E♯, B♯) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
Răspuns
C♯ major and A♯ minor.
Fișa 34
Întrebare
1 flat (B♭) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
Răspuns
F major and D minor.
Fișa 35
Întrebare
3 flats (B♭, E♭, A♭) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
Răspuns
E♭ major and C minor.
Fișa 36
Întrebare
5 flats (B♭, E♭, A♭, D♭, G♭) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
Răspuns
D♭ major and B♭ minor.
Fișa 37
Întrebare
7 flats (B♭, E♭, A♭, D♭, G♭, C♭, F♭) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
Răspuns
C♭ major and A♭ minor.
Fișa 38
Întrebare
2 sharps (F♯, C♯) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
Răspuns
D major and B minor.
Fișa 39
Întrebare
4 sharps (F♯, C♯, G♯, D♯) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
Răspuns
E major and C♯ minor.
Fișa 40
Întrebare
6 sharps (F♯, C♯, G♯, D♯, A♯, E♯) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
Răspuns
F♯ major and D♯ minor.
Fișa 41
Întrebare
What is the relative minor of C major?
Răspuns
A minor. Both keys have no sharps or flats.
Fișa 42
Întrebare
What is the relative minor of E major?
Răspuns
C♯ minor. Both keys have four sharps.
Fișa 43
Întrebare
What is the relative minor of C♭ major?
Răspuns
A♭ minor. Both keys have seven flats.
Fișa 44
Întrebare
What is the relative minor of E♭ major?
Răspuns
C minor. Both keys have three flats.
Fișa 45
Întrebare
What is the relative minor of C♯ major?
Răspuns
A♯ minor. Both keys have seven sharps.
Fișa 46
Întrebare
What is the relative minor of A major?
Răspuns
F♯ minor. Both keys have three sharps.
Fișa 47
Întrebare
What is the relative minor of G♭ major?
Răspuns
E♭ minor. Both keys have six flats.
Fișa 48
Întrebare
What is the relative minor of B♭ major?
Răspuns
G minor. Both keys have two flats.
Fișa 49
Întrebare
What is the relative minor of F♯ major?
Răspuns
D♯ minor. Both keys have six sharps.
Fișa 50
Întrebare
What is the relative minor of D major?
Răspuns
B minor. Both keys have two sharps.
Fișa 51
Întrebare
What is the relative minor of D♭ major?
Răspuns
B♭ minor. Both keys have five flats.
Fișa 52
Întrebare
What is the relative minor of F major?
Răspuns
D minor. Both keys have one flat.
Fișa 53
Întrebare
What is the relative minor of B major?
Răspuns
G♯ minor. Both keys have five sharps.
Fișa 54
Întrebare
What is the relative minor of G major?
Răspuns
E minor. Both keys have one sharp.
Fișa 55
Întrebare
What is the relative minor of A♭ major?
Răspuns
F minor. Both keys have four flats.
Fișa 56
Întrebare
What is the relative major of B minor?
Răspuns
D major. Both keys have two sharps.
Fișa 57
Întrebare
What is the relative major of A♭ minor?
Răspuns
C♭ major. Both keys have seven flats.
Fișa 58
Întrebare
What is the relative major of B♭ minor?
Răspuns
D♭ major. Both keys have five flats.
Fișa 59
Întrebare
What is the relative major of C minor?
Răspuns
E♭ major. Both keys have three flats.
Fișa 60
Întrebare
What is the relative major of D minor?
Răspuns
F major. Both keys have one flat.
Fișa 61
Întrebare
What is the relative major of A♯ minor?
Răspuns
C♯ major. Both keys have seven sharps.
Fișa 62
Întrebare
What is the relative major of G♯ minor?
Răspuns
B major. Both keys have five sharps.
Fișa 63
Întrebare
What is the relative major of F♯ minor?
Răspuns
A major. Both keys have three sharps.
Fișa 64
Întrebare
What is the relative major of E minor?
Răspuns
G major. Both keys have one sharp.
Fișa 65
Întrebare
What is the relative major of E♭ minor?
Răspuns
G♭ major. Both keys have six flats.
Fișa 66
Întrebare
What is the relative major of F minor?
Răspuns
A♭ major. Both keys have four flats.
Fișa 67
Întrebare
What is the relative major of G minor?
Răspuns
B♭ major. Both keys have two flats.
Fișa 68
Întrebare
What is the relative major of A minor?
Răspuns
C major. Both keys have no sharps or flats.
Fișa 69
Întrebare
What is the relative major of D♯ minor?
Răspuns
F♯ major. Both keys have six sharps.
Fișa 70
Întrebare
What is the relative major of C♯ minor?
Răspuns
E major. Both keys have four sharps.
Fișa 71
Întrebare
Move one step counterclockwise from F♯ major. Which major key is next?
Răspuns
B major. The move goes down a perfect fifth and reduces six sharps to five.
Fișa 72
Întrebare
How do C♯ major and D♭ major differ at the enharmonic bottom of the circle?
Răspuns
C♯ major has seven sharps; D♭ major has five flats. Their tonics are enharmonic in equal temperament, but their relative minors are spelled A♯ minor and B♭ minor.
Fișa 73
Întrebare
Move one step clockwise from C major. Which major key is next?
Răspuns
G major. The move goes up a perfect fifth and changes no accidentals to one sharp.
Fișa 74
Întrebare
Move one step clockwise from D major. Which major key is next?
Răspuns
A major. The move goes up a perfect fifth and increases two sharps to three.
Fișa 75
Întrebare
Move one step counterclockwise from G♭ major. Which major key is next?
Răspuns
C♭ major. The move goes down a perfect fifth and increases six flats to seven.
Fișa 76
Întrebare
Move one step clockwise from E major. Which major key is next?
Răspuns
B major. The move goes up a perfect fifth and increases four sharps to five.
Fișa 77
Întrebare
Move one step counterclockwise from A♭ major. Which major key is next?
Răspuns
D♭ major. The move goes down a perfect fifth and increases four flats to five.
Fișa 78
Întrebare
Move one step counterclockwise from D major. Which major key is next?
Răspuns
G major. The move goes down a perfect fifth and reduces two sharps to one.
Fișa 79
Întrebare
How do F♯ major and G♭ major differ at the enharmonic bottom of the circle?
Răspuns
F♯ major has six sharps; G♭ major has six flats. Their tonics are enharmonic in equal temperament, but their relative minors are spelled D♯ minor and E♭ minor.
Fișa 80
Întrebare
Move one step clockwise from B♭ major. Which major key is next?
Răspuns
F major. The move goes up a perfect fifth and reduces two flats to one.
Fișa 81
Întrebare
Move one step counterclockwise from E major. Which major key is next?
Răspuns
A major. The move goes down a perfect fifth and reduces four sharps to three.
Fișa 82
Întrebare
Move one step clockwise from A♭ major. Which major key is next?
Răspuns
E♭ major. The move goes up a perfect fifth and reduces four flats to three.
Fișa 83
Întrebare
Move one step clockwise from G♭ major. Which major key is next?
Răspuns
D♭ major. The move goes up a perfect fifth and reduces six flats to five.
Fișa 84
Întrebare
How do B major and C♭ major differ at the enharmonic bottom of the circle?
Răspuns
B major has five sharps; C♭ major has seven flats. Their tonics are enharmonic in equal temperament, but their relative minors are spelled G♯ minor and A♭ minor.
Fișa 85
Întrebare
Move one step counterclockwise from C major. Which major key is next?
Răspuns
F major. The move goes down a perfect fifth and changes no accidentals to one flat.
Fișa 86
Întrebare
Move one step counterclockwise from B♭ major. Which major key is next?
Răspuns
E♭ major. The move goes down a perfect fifth and increases two flats to three.
Fișa 87
Întrebare
Move one step clockwise from F♯ major. Which major key is next?
Răspuns
C♯ major. The move goes up a perfect fifth and increases six sharps to seven.
87 de fișe
Circle of Fifths Flashcards: Keys, Signatures & Relative Minors
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