What is the safe response to a swollen mobile-device battery?

Power the device off, disconnect external power, and isolate it for approved battery service. Don't charge, puncture, press, or keep using the battery.

Which RAM form factor is common in serviceable laptops?

A SO-DIMM. Match its DDR generation, capacity support, and other platform requirements before installation.

What should you confirm before replacing laptop keys or a keyboard?

Confirm the model's replaceable unit and service procedure. Some keys are individually serviceable; other designs require the keyboard or full top case.

What protects data during a laptop HDD or SSD replacement?

A verified backup and migration plan. Also match the replacement drive's interface, form factor, and supported capacity.

How should tiny antenna leads be handled during wireless-card service?

Label their positions, lift each connector straight up with the proper tool, and reconnect it to the marked terminal. Pulling the wire can damage the lead.

Which built-in laptop components commonly provide physical privacy or identity checks?

Components such as fingerprint or facial-recognition hardware and near-field credential readers. Their firmware, drivers, permissions, and enrollment must all support the feature.

Why does Wi-Fi antenna placement matter after a laptop repair?

Correct routing and terminal placement preserve signal quality. A pinched cable, loose connector, or swapped main/aux lead can weaken wireless performance.

A replacement laptop camera has no image. What should you check before replacing it again?

Check its internal cable, privacy shutter or switch, firmware detection, driver, and app permission. A hardware replacement won't fix a blocked camera setting.

A built-in mobile-device microphone is silent. What should you check first?

Check the selected input, mute state, app permission, and microphone opening. Then inspect the internal connection if every app fails.

Why disconnect the internal battery before replacing laptop RAM, storage, or a display assembly?

To remove standby power from the board and reduce short-circuit risk. Follow the model's shutdown and battery-disconnection procedure.

What should guide any field replacement inside a thin mobile device?

The manufacturer's service instructions, warranty terms, and ESD precautions. Adhesives, hidden cables, and replaceable assemblies vary by model.

How do USB-C, microUSB, and miniUSB differ?

They are different connector shapes. USB-C is reversible; microUSB and miniUSB are older keyed designs, and none of the shapes alone guarantees a data speed.

What can a laptop docking station add through one host connection?

Power, displays, networking, storage, and peripheral ports. The host, dock, cable, and software must support the promised features.

What must match for a stylus to support pressure or precision input?

The stylus technology and the device's digitizer. A generic capacitive stylus may act like a finger but can't add unsupported active-pen features.

Which connector is associated with many older Apple mobile devices?

Lightning. Match the cable to the actual model because newer Apple devices may use USB-C.

How do a headset, external speaker, and webcam extend a mobile workstation?

A headset adds private audio input/output, a speaker adds room audio, and a webcam adds video input. Select each one in the app after connecting it.

How do a trackpad, drawing pad, and trackpoint differ?

A trackpad senses finger gestures, a drawing pad captures pen input, and a trackpoint moves the pointer from a small keyboard-mounted stick.

What is NFC commonly used for on a mobile device?

Very short-range exchanges such as tap-to-pay, credential reading, or quick pairing. Its short working distance supports deliberate tap-style use.

How is a port replicator different from a full docking station?

A port replicator mainly exposes additional connectors; a dock commonly adds broader capabilities such as charging, displays, or networking. Verify the product's actual feature list.

Which connection is the usual choice for nearby mobile headsets and keyboards?

Bluetooth. It provides short-range wireless accessory links with relatively low power use.

What does mobile tethering or hotspot mode do?

It shares the device's internet connection with another client, commonly over Wi-Fi, USB, or Bluetooth. The carrier plan may limit tethering or data use.

How do 3G, 4G, and 5G relate on a mobile device?

They are cellular network generations. Newer generations can offer more capacity or lower latency, but the device, SIM or eSIM, plan, coverage, and local network determine service.

What is the practical difference between a SIM and an eSIM?

A SIM is a removable identity module; an eSIM stores a carrier profile in embedded hardware. Both associate the device with cellular service.

What sequence pairs a Bluetooth accessory safely?

Enable Bluetooth, put the accessory in pairing mode, select the intended device, confirm any PIN or code, and test the connection.

How do GPS and cellular location services complement each other?

GPS derives position from satellites, while cellular and nearby-network data can speed or assist location. App permission and device settings control access.

Which radios should you check when a phone has neither local Wi-Fi nor wide-area data?

Check Wi-Fi and cellular data separately, along with airplane mode. One radio can be disabled while the other remains available.

What should you verify when adding mail to a mobile device?

Verify the account, credentials, incoming and outgoing server settings, security method, and network access. A correct password can't repair a wrong server setting.

A phone can browse on Wi-Fi but not through its hotspot. What should you check?

Check that hotspot service is enabled, cellular data works, the plan permits tethering, and the client has the correct hotspot password.

How should you test a newly configured mobile connection?

Test the intended path and service: join the correct network or carrier, verify addressing or signal, then open the required app or destination.

What does mobile device management provide?

Central enrollment, device configuration, policy enforcement, corporate-app deployment, inventory, and approved remote actions.

How do corporate-owned and BYOD management profiles usually differ?

Corporate-owned devices normally allow broader organizational control; BYOD profiles should isolate managed work data and respect the user's personal data under policy.

What should be checked when calendar, contacts, or business mail stops synchronizing?

Check connectivity, account sign-in, sync scope, device time, storage, and service status before removing the account.

Why do data caps matter to mobile synchronization?

Large mail, cloud-storage, or app sync jobs can consume metered cellular data. Choose what syncs and whether Wi-Fi is required.

When is an MDM remote wipe appropriate?

When policy authorizes removal of protected data from a lost, stolen, retired, or reassigned device. Confirm the exact device and wipe scope first.

What is the point of separating corporate apps and data on a personal phone?

It lets the organization enforce work controls and remove managed data without treating the user's whole device as corporate property.

How do TCP and UDP differ?

TCP provides connection-oriented, ordered, acknowledged delivery; UDP sends low-overhead datagrams without built-in ordering or retransmission.

Which ports are associated with classic FTP?

TCP 21 carries control traffic, and TCP 20 is the traditional active-mode data port. FTP doesn't encrypt credentials or content by itself.

Which default port does SSH use, and what does it provide?

TCP 22. SSH provides encrypted remote command-line access and related secure services.

Which default port is traditionally used for SMTP server-to-server relay?

TCP 25. Mail clients commonly submit outgoing mail through a separate authenticated service.

Which port does DNS use?

Port 53: usually UDP for ordinary queries and TCP when the response or operation requires it.

Which ports carry DHCP client and server traffic?

UDP 68 for the client and UDP 67 for the server. A new client can broadcast before it has an address.

Which ports distinguish HTTP from HTTPS?

HTTP normally uses TCP 80; HTTPS normally uses TCP 443 and protects the session with TLS.

Which default port does POP3 use without TLS?

TCP 110. POP3 commonly downloads messages rather than synchronizing server-side folders like IMAP.

Which ports are associated with NetBIOS over TCP/IP?

Ports 137–139. Name service commonly uses 137, datagram service 138, and session service TCP 139.

Which default port does LDAP use?

Port 389, commonly TCP. LDAP provides directory queries and updates; protect credentials with an approved secure configuration.

Which default port does SMB/CIFS commonly use?

TCP 445. SMB commonly carries file and printer sharing.

Which default port does RDP use?

TCP 3389. RDP provides remote graphical access to a Windows system.

Which default port does Telnet use, and why is it avoided on untrusted networks?

TCP 23. Telnet sends remote-terminal traffic without SSH's encryption.

Which default port does IMAP use without TLS?

TCP 143. IMAP keeps mailbox state and folders synchronized on the server.

How do common 802.11 families map to Wi-Fi bands?

802.11b/g use 2.4 GHz; 802.11a/ac use 5 GHz; 802.11n can use 2.4 or 5 GHz; 802.11ax can use 2.4 or 5 GHz, with Wi-Fi 6E extending it to 6 GHz.

What is the tradeoff when selecting a wider Wi-Fi channel?

A wider channel can carry more data but occupies more spectrum and may overlap more neighbors. Use a width that clients, regulations, and local conditions support.

CompTIA A+ 220-1201 & 220-1202 Flashcards: Core 1 and Core 2

Review current CompTIA A+ V15 Core 1 and Core 2 objectives with original flashcards for hardware, networking, operating systems, security, commands, and troubleshooting.

Av författare Open Study Contributor

Om den här kortleken

CompTIA A+ 220-1201 & 220-1202 Flashcards: Core 1 and Core 2

Review the current V15 knowledge behind both CompTIA A+ exams in one 520-card package: 270 cards for Core 1 and 250 for Core 2. The deck covers mobile devices, networking, hardware, virtualization, cloud concepts, operating systems, security, commands, software support, operational procedures, and troubleshooting.

What the cards practice

The cards connect technologies, components, protocols, commands, and common acronyms with their purposes and key behavior. Separate retrieval prompts also work in the useful opposite direction: a technician task or requirement points to the right tool, setting, command, connector, or protocol. Short support scenarios ask for a likely cause, the first useful check, or the next corrective action. Ordered workflows are practiced only when the order matters on the job.

The deck does not mechanically reverse every fact or turn every source bullet into a card. It leaves out low-value acronym production, giant list prompts, unstable click paths, advanced material beyond the V15 entry-level boundary, and near-duplicate wording made only to increase the count.

Learning order

Core 1 starts with mobile hardware and connections, then builds through networking, physical hardware, virtualization, and cloud concepts before applying them to hardware and network troubleshooting. Core 2 moves from operating-system foundations into tools, commands, configuration, security, software troubleshooting, and day-to-day support operations. Inside each topic, recognition comes before selection and short diagnosis. Related forward and reverse cards are kept apart so one prompt does not give away the next.

Labs and PBQs

Flashcards are useful for recall and compact scenario decisions. They do not reproduce hands-on labs, performance-based questions, live command output, or the pressure and ambiguity of the certification exams. Use a real machine, lab environment, and lawful practice tests alongside this deck for installation, configuration, repair, and PBQ-style work.

Scope, provenance, and reuse

The live CompTIA Core 1 and Core 2 V15 pages and the current version 4.0 objective PDFs were reviewed on September 1, 2026. Both PDFs were last modified on November 25, 2025. They were used only to check the exam version, domain boundaries, weighting, and technical scope. Common technical facts are explained in original language and organized for retrieval practice. Public overview pages from three study tools were compared only for structure and learner expectations; their cards, questions, examples, explanations, and course text were not drafting input.

The Common knowledge · CC0 1.0 label applies to the deck’s original prompts, answers, organization, metadata, and generated cover to the extent applicable rights exist. It does not claim ownership of technical facts, CompTIA names, or third-party source material.

This deck is independently authored and unofficial. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by CompTIA, Inc., and it uses no CompTIA logo or official trade dress.

No CompTIA exam questions, answers, performance-based questions, mark schemes, or objective wording were copied.

Current official requirements: Core 1 V15 (220-1201), Core 1 objectives PDF, Core 2 V15 (220-1202), and Core 2 objectives PDF.

Kort i den här kortleken

Kort 1
Fråga
What is the safe response to a swollen mobile-device battery?
Svar
Power the device off, disconnect external power, and isolate it for approved battery service. Don't charge, puncture, press, or keep using the battery.
Kort 2
Fråga
Which RAM form factor is common in serviceable laptops?
Svar
A SO-DIMM. Match its DDR generation, capacity support, and other platform requirements before installation.
Kort 3
Fråga
What should you confirm before replacing laptop keys or a keyboard?
Svar
Confirm the model's replaceable unit and service procedure. Some keys are individually serviceable; other designs require the keyboard or full top case.
Kort 4
Fråga
What protects data during a laptop HDD or SSD replacement?
Svar
A verified backup and migration plan. Also match the replacement drive's interface, form factor, and supported capacity.
Kort 5
Fråga
How should tiny antenna leads be handled during wireless-card service?
Svar
Label their positions, lift each connector straight up with the proper tool, and reconnect it to the marked terminal. Pulling the wire can damage the lead.
Kort 6
Fråga
Which built-in laptop components commonly provide physical privacy or identity checks?
Svar
Components such as fingerprint or facial-recognition hardware and near-field credential readers. Their firmware, drivers, permissions, and enrollment must all support the feature.
Kort 7
Fråga
Why does Wi-Fi antenna placement matter after a laptop repair?
Svar
Correct routing and terminal placement preserve signal quality. A pinched cable, loose connector, or swapped main/aux lead can weaken wireless performance.
Kort 8
Fråga
A replacement laptop camera has no image. What should you check before replacing it again?
Svar
Check its internal cable, privacy shutter or switch, firmware detection, driver, and app permission. A hardware replacement won't fix a blocked camera setting.
Kort 9
Fråga
A built-in mobile-device microphone is silent. What should you check first?
Svar
Check the selected input, mute state, app permission, and microphone opening. Then inspect the internal connection if every app fails.
Kort 10
Fråga
Why disconnect the internal battery before replacing laptop RAM, storage, or a display assembly?
Svar
To remove standby power from the board and reduce short-circuit risk. Follow the model's shutdown and battery-disconnection procedure.
Kort 11
Fråga
What should guide any field replacement inside a thin mobile device?
Svar
The manufacturer's service instructions, warranty terms, and ESD precautions. Adhesives, hidden cables, and replaceable assemblies vary by model.
Kort 12
Fråga
How do USB-C, microUSB, and miniUSB differ?
Svar
They are different connector shapes. USB-C is reversible; microUSB and miniUSB are older keyed designs, and none of the shapes alone guarantees a data speed.
Kort 13
Fråga
What can a laptop docking station add through one host connection?
Svar
Power, displays, networking, storage, and peripheral ports. The host, dock, cable, and software must support the promised features.
Kort 14
Fråga
What must match for a stylus to support pressure or precision input?
Svar
The stylus technology and the device's digitizer. A generic capacitive stylus may act like a finger but can't add unsupported active-pen features.
Kort 15
Fråga
Which connector is associated with many older Apple mobile devices?
Svar
Lightning. Match the cable to the actual model because newer Apple devices may use USB-C.
Kort 16
Fråga
How do a headset, external speaker, and webcam extend a mobile workstation?
Svar
A headset adds private audio input/output, a speaker adds room audio, and a webcam adds video input. Select each one in the app after connecting it.
Kort 17
Fråga
How do a trackpad, drawing pad, and trackpoint differ?
Svar
A trackpad senses finger gestures, a drawing pad captures pen input, and a trackpoint moves the pointer from a small keyboard-mounted stick.
Kort 18
Fråga
What is NFC commonly used for on a mobile device?
Svar
Very short-range exchanges such as tap-to-pay, credential reading, or quick pairing. Its short working distance supports deliberate tap-style use.
Kort 19
Fråga
How is a port replicator different from a full docking station?
Svar
A port replicator mainly exposes additional connectors; a dock commonly adds broader capabilities such as charging, displays, or networking. Verify the product's actual feature list.
Kort 20
Fråga
Which connection is the usual choice for nearby mobile headsets and keyboards?
Svar
Bluetooth. It provides short-range wireless accessory links with relatively low power use.
Kort 21
Fråga
What does mobile tethering or hotspot mode do?
Svar
It shares the device's internet connection with another client, commonly over Wi-Fi, USB, or Bluetooth. The carrier plan may limit tethering or data use.
Kort 22
Fråga
How do 3G, 4G, and 5G relate on a mobile device?
Svar
They are cellular network generations. Newer generations can offer more capacity or lower latency, but the device, SIM or eSIM, plan, coverage, and local network determine service.
Kort 23
Fråga
What is the practical difference between a SIM and an eSIM?
Svar
A SIM is a removable identity module; an eSIM stores a carrier profile in embedded hardware. Both associate the device with cellular service.
Kort 24
Fråga
What sequence pairs a Bluetooth accessory safely?
Svar
Enable Bluetooth, put the accessory in pairing mode, select the intended device, confirm any PIN or code, and test the connection.
Kort 25
Fråga
How do GPS and cellular location services complement each other?
Svar
GPS derives position from satellites, while cellular and nearby-network data can speed or assist location. App permission and device settings control access.
Kort 26
Fråga
Which radios should you check when a phone has neither local Wi-Fi nor wide-area data?
Svar
Check Wi-Fi and cellular data separately, along with airplane mode. One radio can be disabled while the other remains available.
Kort 27
Fråga
What should you verify when adding mail to a mobile device?
Svar
Verify the account, credentials, incoming and outgoing server settings, security method, and network access. A correct password can't repair a wrong server setting.
Kort 28
Fråga
A phone can browse on Wi-Fi but not through its hotspot. What should you check?
Svar
Check that hotspot service is enabled, cellular data works, the plan permits tethering, and the client has the correct hotspot password.
Kort 29
Fråga
How should you test a newly configured mobile connection?
Svar
Test the intended path and service: join the correct network or carrier, verify addressing or signal, then open the required app or destination.
Kort 30
Fråga
What does mobile device management provide?
Svar
Central enrollment, device configuration, policy enforcement, corporate-app deployment, inventory, and approved remote actions.
Kort 31
Fråga
How do corporate-owned and BYOD management profiles usually differ?
Svar
Corporate-owned devices normally allow broader organizational control; BYOD profiles should isolate managed work data and respect the user's personal data under policy.
Kort 32
Fråga
What should be checked when calendar, contacts, or business mail stops synchronizing?
Svar
Check connectivity, account sign-in, sync scope, device time, storage, and service status before removing the account.
Kort 33
Fråga
Why do data caps matter to mobile synchronization?
Svar
Large mail, cloud-storage, or app sync jobs can consume metered cellular data. Choose what syncs and whether Wi-Fi is required.
Kort 34
Fråga
When is an MDM remote wipe appropriate?
Svar
When policy authorizes removal of protected data from a lost, stolen, retired, or reassigned device. Confirm the exact device and wipe scope first.
Kort 35
Fråga
What is the point of separating corporate apps and data on a personal phone?
Svar
It lets the organization enforce work controls and remove managed data without treating the user's whole device as corporate property.
Kort 36
Fråga
How do TCP and UDP differ?
Svar
TCP provides connection-oriented, ordered, acknowledged delivery; UDP sends low-overhead datagrams without built-in ordering or retransmission.
Kort 37
Fråga
Which ports are associated with classic FTP?
Svar
TCP 21 carries control traffic, and TCP 20 is the traditional active-mode data port. FTP doesn't encrypt credentials or content by itself.
Kort 38
Fråga
Which default port does SSH use, and what does it provide?
Svar
TCP 22. SSH provides encrypted remote command-line access and related secure services.
Kort 39
Fråga
Which default port is traditionally used for SMTP server-to-server relay?
Svar
TCP 25. Mail clients commonly submit outgoing mail through a separate authenticated service.
Kort 40
Fråga
Which port does DNS use?
Svar
Port 53: usually UDP for ordinary queries and TCP when the response or operation requires it.
Kort 41
Fråga
Which ports carry DHCP client and server traffic?
Svar
UDP 68 for the client and UDP 67 for the server. A new client can broadcast before it has an address.
Kort 42
Fråga
Which ports distinguish HTTP from HTTPS?
Svar
HTTP normally uses TCP 80; HTTPS normally uses TCP 443 and protects the session with TLS.
Kort 43
Fråga
Which default port does POP3 use without TLS?
Svar
TCP 110. POP3 commonly downloads messages rather than synchronizing server-side folders like IMAP.
Kort 44
Fråga
Which ports are associated with NetBIOS over TCP/IP?
Svar
Ports 137–139. Name service commonly uses 137, datagram service 138, and session service TCP 139.
Kort 45
Fråga
Which default port does LDAP use?
Svar
Port 389, commonly TCP. LDAP provides directory queries and updates; protect credentials with an approved secure configuration.
Kort 46
Fråga
Which default port does SMB/CIFS commonly use?
Svar
TCP 445. SMB commonly carries file and printer sharing.
Kort 47
Fråga
Which default port does RDP use?
Svar
TCP 3389. RDP provides remote graphical access to a Windows system.
Kort 48
Fråga
Which default port does Telnet use, and why is it avoided on untrusted networks?
Svar
TCP 23. Telnet sends remote-terminal traffic without SSH's encryption.
Kort 49
Fråga
Which default port does IMAP use without TLS?
Svar
TCP 143. IMAP keeps mailbox state and folders synchronized on the server.
Kort 50
Fråga
How do common 802.11 families map to Wi-Fi bands?
Svar
802.11b/g use 2.4 GHz; 802.11a/ac use 5 GHz; 802.11n can use 2.4 or 5 GHz; 802.11ax can use 2.4 or 5 GHz, with Wi-Fi 6E extending it to 6 GHz.
Kort 51
Fråga
What is the tradeoff when selecting a wider Wi-Fi channel?
Svar
A wider channel can carry more data but occupies more spectrum and may overlap more neighbors. Use a width that clients, regulations, and local conditions support.
Kort 52
Fråga
What networking role does Bluetooth fill?
Svar
Short-range personal-area links for accessories and nearby devices. It trades range and throughput for convenience and relatively low power use.
Kort 53
Fråga
How do the 2.4, 5, and 6 GHz Wi-Fi bands generally differ?
Svar
2.4 GHz usually reaches farther but is crowded; 5 GHz offers more capacity with less wall penetration; 6 GHz adds clean spectrum for compatible devices but typically has the shortest reach.
Kort 54
Fråga
How does NFC differ from general-purpose Wi-Fi?
Svar
NFC handles deliberate, very short-range exchanges; Wi-Fi provides a longer-range network connection with much higher throughput.
Kort 55
Fråga
What should guide Wi-Fi channel selection?
Svar
Local regulations, a spectrum or Wi-Fi survey, channel width, band support, interference, and neighboring use. Choose from measured conditions, then retest where users work.
Kort 56
Fråga
What is RFID used for?
Svar
Identifying or tracking tagged objects by radio. Readers can work with passive or powered tags at ranges set by the RFID system.
Kort 57
Fråga
What distinguishes Wi-Fi 6E from ordinary Wi-Fi 6 operation?
Svar
Wi-Fi 6E permits compatible 802.11ax devices to use the 6 GHz band. Both the client and access point must support that band.
Kort 58
Fråga
How do DNS and DHCP server roles differ?
Svar
DNS resolves names to records; DHCP leases IP configuration such as an address, mask, gateway, and DNS servers.
Kort 59
Fråga
How do file and print servers centralize shared resources?
Svar
A file server hosts shared data and permissions; a print server manages printer queues, drivers, and access.
Kort 60
Fråga
How do mail and web servers differ?
Svar
A mail server transfers or stores messages; a web server returns site or application content over HTTP or HTTPS.
Kort 61
Fråga
Why would a network use both syslog and NTP servers?
Svar
Syslog centralizes event messages, while NTP aligns device clocks so those events have comparable timestamps.
Kort 62
Fråga
How do AAA and database servers differ?
Svar
An AAA server handles authentication, authorization, and accounting; a database server stores and queries structured application data.
Kort 63
Fråga
How do a spam gateway and a proxy serve different traffic?
Svar
A spam gateway filters mail flow; a proxy relays client requests and may enforce filtering, logging, or caching for supported services.
Kort 64
Fråga
How do a UTM appliance and a load balancer differ?
Svar
A UTM combines gateway security controls; a load balancer distributes requests across service instances for capacity or availability.
Kort 65
Fråga
Why do legacy and embedded network systems need cautious support planning?
Svar
They may have fixed software, limited interfaces, or long service lives. Isolate them, preserve required compatibility, and change them only within vendor and operational constraints.
Kort 66
Fråga
What does SCADA monitor or control?
Svar
Industrial processes and equipment. Availability and physical safety requirements belong in every support decision.
Kort 67
Fråga
Why are IoT devices often placed on a separate network?
Svar
Segmentation limits what an outdated or compromised device can reach and makes its traffic easier to manage.
Kort 68
Fråga
Match DNS A, AAAA, CNAME, and MX records to their jobs.
Svar
A maps a hostname to IPv4, AAAA maps it to IPv6, CNAME aliases one hostname to another, and MX identifies a domain's mail exchangers.
Kort 69
Fråga
How do a DHCP scope and exclusion differ?
Svar
The scope defines the address pool and options DHCP can offer; an exclusion removes selected addresses from automatic leasing.
Kort 70
Fråga
What does a VLAN create on switched infrastructure?
Svar
A logical Layer 2 broadcast domain. It separates traffic without requiring a different physical switch for every segment.
Kort 71
Fråga
What does a VPN protect?
Svar
Traffic across an untrusted network by creating an authenticated encrypted tunnel. Endpoint security and resource permissions still matter.
Kort 72
Fråga
How do DNS TXT records support SPF, DKIM, and DMARC?
Svar
TXT records publish mail-policy data: SPF lists authorized senders, DKIM exposes keys for signature checks, and DMARC sets alignment policy and reporting.
Kort 73
Fråga
How do a DHCP lease and reservation differ?
Svar
A lease is a time-limited address assignment; a reservation consistently offers a chosen address to a specific client, usually by MAC address.
Kort 74
Fråga
How do access and trunk switch ports handle VLANs?
Svar
An access port normally carries one endpoint VLAN; a trunk carries tagged traffic for multiple VLANs.
Kort 75
Fråga
When would you choose a site-to-site VPN instead of a client VPN?
Svar
Choose site-to-site for a persistent protected link between networks; choose a client VPN for an individual endpoint connecting remotely.
Kort 76
Fråga
How do routers and Ethernet switches differ?
Svar
A router forwards packets between IP networks; a switch forwards local frames using learned MAC-address locations.
Kort 77
Fråga
What does a wireless access point do?
Svar
It bridges compatible wireless clients onto a wired LAN. Routing, DHCP, and internet access may come from other devices.
Kort 78
Fråga
What is a patch panel's role?
Svar
It passively terminates and organizes permanent cable runs. Patch cords connect those runs to active equipment such as switches.
Kort 79
Fråga
What is a firewall's core job?
Svar
It permits or blocks traffic according to security rules. Logs help explain why expected traffic was accepted or denied.
Kort 80
Fråga
How do managed and unmanaged switches differ?
Svar
A managed switch exposes configuration and monitoring such as VLANs; an unmanaged switch provides basic switching with little or no administration.
Kort 81
Fråga
How can PoE be supplied, and what must match?
Svar
A PoE switch or injector can supply it. The source standard, powered device, cable, per-port state, and total power budget must be compatible.
Kort 82
Fråga
Match cable modem, DSL modem, ONT, and NIC to their access roles.
Svar
Cable and DSL modems terminate coax and telephone-copper services; an ONT terminates provider fiber; a NIC connects the host and carries its physical MAC address.
Kort 83
Fråga
How do private and public IPv4 addresses differ?
Svar
Private ranges are used inside networks and aren't routed on the public internet; a public address is globally routable when assigned. NAT often translates between them.
Kort 84
Fråga
What does a 169.254.x.x IPv4 address usually indicate?
Svar
APIPA self-assignment after the host failed to obtain DHCP configuration. Check the link and path to DHCP.
Kort 85
Fråga
When should a SOHO device use static rather than dynamic IP configuration?
Svar
Use static or reserved addressing when a predictable endpoint is required; use DHCP for ordinary clients that can accept leased settings.
Kort 86
Fråga
What does an IPv4 subnet mask tell a host?
Svar
Which address bits identify the local network. The host uses it to decide whether to send directly or through a gateway.
Kort 87
Fråga
How does IPv6 addressing differ from IPv4 addressing?
Svar
IPv6 uses 128-bit hexadecimal addresses; IPv4 uses 32-bit dotted-decimal addresses. Both still require correct local and routing configuration.
Kort 88
Fråga
What does a default gateway provide?
Svar
The next hop for destinations outside the local subnet. It is normally the local router interface for that network.
Kort 89
Fråga
How do fiber, cable, and DSL internet access differ?
Svar
Fiber carries light and offers high capacity; cable uses a shared coax access network; DSL carries broadband over telephone copper and depends strongly on line distance and quality.
Kort 90
Fråga
How do PAN, LAN, and WLAN differ?
Svar
A PAN links one person's nearby devices, a LAN serves a local site, and a WLAN is the wireless form of a local-area network.
Kort 91
Fråga
When are cellular, WISP, and satellite internet useful?
Svar
Cellular uses mobile coverage, a WISP uses a terrestrial provider radio link, and satellite reaches beyond many ground networks. Signal, latency, limits, and availability guide the choice.
Kort 92
Fråga
How do MAN and WAN scopes differ?
Svar
A MAN links sites across a city or metropolitan area; a WAN spans larger geographic distances and joins multiple networks.
Kort 93
Fråga
What is a storage area network?
Svar
A SAN is a dedicated network that presents shared block storage to servers. It is different from an ordinary user LAN or file share.
Kort 94
Fråga
Which tools prepare and terminate a modular copper cable?
Svar
A cable stripper removes the jacket; a crimper attaches a compatible modular plug. Use the intended pinout, then test the cable.
Kort 95
Fråga
How do a punchdown tool and cable tester support a permanent cable run?
Svar
The punchdown tool seats conductors into an IDC block; the tester checks continuity and wire-map faults after termination.
Kort 96
Fråga
How do a toner probe and loopback plug answer different network questions?
Svar
A tone generator and probe identify a cable's far end; a loopback plug tests whether a port can transmit and receive through its own interface.
Kort 97
Fråga
How do a Wi-Fi analyzer and network tap differ?
Svar
A Wi-Fi analyzer measures nearby wireless networks and channels; a network tap exposes a link's traffic to monitoring equipment without becoming the endpoint.
Kort 98
Fråga
How do IPS, TN, and VA LCD panels generally differ?
Svar
IPS favors color consistency and viewing angles, TN favors fast response at low cost, and VA favors contrast. Actual panel quality still varies.
Kort 99
Fråga
How do OLED and Mini-LED displays produce light?
Svar
OLED pixels emit their own light; Mini-LED is an LCD that uses many small backlight zones. OLED can show deep blacks, while Mini-LED can reach high brightness without organic pixels.
Kort 100
Fråga
What does a touchscreen digitizer do?
Svar
It detects touch or compatible stylus position. The display creates the image; the digitizer reports input coordinates.
Kort 101
Fråga
What does an inverter do in an older LCD backlight system?
Svar
It converts power for the fluorescent backlight. Modern LED-backlit panels use different driver electronics.
Kort 102
Fråga
How do screen resolution and pixel density differ?
Svar
Resolution is the number of addressable pixels; pixel density is how tightly those pixels fit in a physical area. Both affect perceived detail.
Kort 103
Fråga
What do refresh rate and color gamut describe?
Svar
Refresh rate is how often the image can update each second; color gamut is the range of colors the display can reproduce.
Kort 104
Fråga
How do Cat 5e, Cat 6, and Cat 6A Ethernet cable capabilities compare?
Svar
Cat 5e commonly supports 1 Gb/s to 100 m; Cat 6 improves noise performance and can support 10 Gb/s on shorter runs; Cat 6A is designed for 10 Gb/s to 100 m.
Kort 105
Fråga
How do HDMI and DisplayPort fit typical display setups?
Svar
Both carry digital video and audio. HDMI is common on TVs and consumer equipment; DisplayPort is common on PCs and monitors, with features set by the negotiated versions.
Kort 106
Fråga
What is the practical difference between T568A and T568B terminations?
Svar
They place the green and orange pairs in different pin positions. Use one recognized scheme consistently at both plug and punchdown-block terminations for a normal straight-through run.
Kort 107
Fråga
Which cable ratings suit EMI, outdoor burial, and air-handling spaces?
Svar
Unshielded twisted pair suits ordinary low-interference runs, shielded twisted pair helps with EMI, direct-burial cable resists outdoor moisture, and plenum-rated cable limits flame spread and smoke in plenum spaces.
Kort 108
Fråga
Match RJ11, RJ45, and F-type connectors to common cabling.
Svar
RJ11 is commonly used for telephone wiring, the 8P8C connector called RJ45 for twisted-pair Ethernet, and F-type for threaded coax connections.
Kort 109
Fråga
How do DVI and VGA differ?
Svar
DVI variants may carry digital video, analog video, or both; VGA carries analog video through a 15-pin D-sub connector.
Kort 110
Fråga
How do single-mode and multimode fiber differ, and which connectors may terminate them?
Svar
Single-mode uses a small core for long links; multimode uses a larger core for shorter links. ST, SC, and LC are connector styles that must match the link hardware and fiber type.
Kort 111
Fråga
What should you infer from USB 2.0, USB 3.x, microUSB, miniUSB, USB-C, and Lightning labels?
Svar
USB 2.0 and 3.x describe protocol capabilities. MicroUSB, miniUSB, and USB-C are USB connector families; Lightning is a separate Apple connector. Plug shape alone doesn't guarantee speed or video support.
Kort 112
Fråga
How do SATA, eSATA, and Molex relate to storage connections?
Svar
SATA carries internal drive data, eSATA extends SATA to an external connector, and a Molex plug is a legacy power connector. Data and power paths are separate.
Kort 113
Fråga
Which legacy peripheral link commonly uses a DB9 connector?
Svar
A serial connection such as RS-232. It sends data sequentially and is still used for some console and industrial equipment.
Kort 114
Fråga
When does a cable adapter need active electronics?
Svar
When the source and destination use different signaling, not just different plug shapes. A passive adapter only changes compatible wiring; an active adapter converts the signal.
Kort 115
Fråga
Where are DIMM and SO-DIMM modules normally used?
Svar
Full-size DIMMs normally fit desktop or server boards; shorter SO-DIMMs fit many laptops and compact systems.
Kort 116
Fråga
Why doesn't every USB-C cable provide Thunderbolt or display output?
Svar
USB-C names the connector. Thunderbolt, USB speed, charging level, and video alternate modes require matching support from the port, cable, and device.
Kort 117
Fråga
Can one DDR memory generation be installed in another generation's slot?
Svar
No. DDR generations use different electrical designs and keying, so the module must match the motherboard.
Kort 118
Fråga
How does ECC RAM differ from non-ECC RAM?
Svar
ECC can detect and correct certain memory errors; non-ECC lacks that protection. The CPU and motherboard must support ECC.
Kort 119
Fråga
What does a dual- or multi-channel memory configuration require?
Svar
Compatible modules installed in the motherboard's paired channel slots. The board manual identifies the correct population order.
Kort 120
Fråga
What happens when compatible RAM modules have different rated speeds?
Svar
They normally operate at a mutually supported speed, often the slower module's rate. Platform and firmware limits can reduce it further.
Kort 121
Fråga
What limits a system's usable RAM capacity?
Svar
The CPU memory controller, motherboard, firmware, operating system, and supported module layout. Check the platform documentation before buying modules.
Kort 122
Fråga
How do RAID 0 and RAID 1 trade capacity for protection?
Svar
RAID 0 stripes data for capacity and performance but has no redundancy; RAID 1 mirrors data and can survive one member failure.
Kort 123
Fråga
How do 2.5-inch and 3.5-inch HDDs, spindle speed, and workload affect a drive choice?
Svar
The bay and interface must fit the form factor; faster spindle speed can improve access but adds heat, noise, and power use. Workload and capacity still matter.
Kort 124
Fråga
How do SATA SSDs and NVMe SSDs communicate?
Svar
A SATA SSD uses the SATA storage interface; an NVMe SSD uses PCIe for lower-latency flash access. The slot and firmware must support the selected signaling.
Kort 125
Fråga
Which removable media suit portable files, camera storage, and optical archives?
Svar
USB flash drives suit general transfers, memory cards suit compact devices such as cameras, and optical discs require a drive that supports the disc format.
Kort 126
Fråga
How do RAID 5 and RAID 6 differ?
Svar
RAID 5 needs at least three drives and tolerates one member failure; RAID 6 needs at least four and uses dual parity to tolerate two.
Kort 127
Fråga
What distinguishes SAS from SATA storage?
Svar
SAS is an enterprise-oriented serial SCSI interface with features such as dual-port support; SATA is common in client storage. The drive and controller interface must match.
Kort 128
Fråga
How do M.2 and mSATA differ?
Svar
M.2 is a keyed form-factor family that may carry SATA or PCIe/NVMe; mSATA is an older compact form factor that carries SATA signaling.
Kort 129
Fråga
When is an SSD preferable to an HDD?
Svar
Choose an SSD for low-latency, shock-resistant storage; choose an HDD when low-cost bulk capacity matters more. Neither removes the need for backup.
Kort 130
Fråga
How do ATX, microATX, and Mini-ITX motherboard form factors affect a build?
Svar
They differ in board size, mounting layout, and typical expansion capacity. The case, power supply, and required slots must fit the board.
Kort 131
Fråga
Match common motherboard connectors to their jobs.
Svar
PCI and PCIe host expansion cards; SATA and eSATA carry storage data; M.2 hosts compact devices; headers connect case features; power connectors feed the board and CPU.
Kort 132
Fråga
What does RAID 10 provide?
Svar
Striping across mirrored pairs, normally using at least four drives. It combines performance with redundancy, but surviving multiple failures depends on which members fail.
Kort 133
Fråga
What must match before installing an AMD or Intel CPU?
Svar
The CPU socket, chipset, firmware, and thermal design must support that exact processor. Multisocket boards also require a supported processor combination.
Kort 134
Fråga
Which UEFI settings commonly control startup and hardware access?
Svar
Boot order, removable-media boot, USB permissions, fan behavior, temperature monitoring, and virtualization support. Change only the setting required for the task.
Kort 135
Fråga
How do Secure Boot, a boot password, and a firmware setup password differ?
Svar
Secure Boot verifies trusted boot software; a boot password challenges startup; a setup password restricts firmware changes.
Kort 136
Fråga
How do x86, x64, and ARM CPU architectures affect compatibility?
Svar
They use different instruction-set families; x86 is 32-bit, x64 extends that family to 64-bit, and ARM uses a RISC design. The OS and applications need compatible builds.
Kort 137
Fråga
What does adding CPU cores improve?
Svar
Parallel work when software can use the cores. Architecture, clock speed, cooling, memory, and workload still shape performance.
Kort 138
Fråga
Match sound, video, capture, and network expansion cards to their jobs.
Svar
Sound cards handle audio I/O, video cards render graphics, capture cards ingest external media signals, and NICs add network connectivity.
Kort 139
Fråga
How do a TPM and HSM support encryption differently?
Svar
A TPM is a system security chip for protected keys and platform measurements; an HSM is a dedicated device or service for controlled cryptographic key operations.
Kort 140
Fråga
How do fans and heat sinks work together?
Svar
A heat sink spreads component heat across fins; fans move air across those fins and through the case.
Kort 141
Fråga
Why are thermal paste or pads placed between a chip and cooler?
Svar
They fill microscopic gaps so heat transfers efficiently. Use the specified material and amount.
Kort 142
Fråga
What extra components does liquid CPU cooling add to diagnosis?
Svar
A pump, coolant path, radiator, fans, tubing, and seals. Verify mounting, flow, airflow, and leaks.
Kort 143
Fråga
What hardware and firmware support may a hypervisor require?
Svar
A compatible CPU virtualization feature enabled in UEFI, plus enough memory, storage, networking, and security controls for its guests.
Kort 144
Fråga
What must be checked when a PSU can receive 110–120 VAC or 220–240 VAC?
Svar
Its input range and selector behavior. Use the local mains range and never guess with a manual voltage switch.
Kort 145
Fråga
What do the 3.3 V, 5 V, and 12 V PSU rails typically power?
Svar
They supply different component circuits: 3.3 V and 5 V serve logic and peripherals, while 12 V commonly feeds CPU/GPU regulators, motors, and fans.
Kort 146
Fråga
What does a 20+4-pin ATX connector power?
Svar
The motherboard's main input. The CPU normally needs a separate 4- or 8-pin EPS-style connection.
Kort 147
Fråga
How should PSU wattage be chosen?
Svar
Add the system's realistic peak demand and sensible headroom, then confirm connector, rail, and quality requirements. A large wattage label alone doesn't prove suitability.
Kort 148
Fråga
What is the advantage and main caution of a modular PSU?
Svar
Detachable cables reduce clutter, but only cables approved for that exact PSU should be used. Modular pinouts aren't universally interchangeable.
Kort 149
Fråga
What does a redundant power supply provide?
Svar
Two or more power modules so one can fail without immediately stopping the system. Redundancy still needs correct capacity and monitoring.
Kort 150
Fråga
Why does PSU efficiency matter?
Svar
Higher efficiency wastes less input power as heat at a given load. Efficiency certification doesn't replace checks for electrical quality, capacity, or connectors.
Kort 151
Fråga
How does a laser printer create and fix an image?
Svar
It forms an electrostatic image, applies toner, and bonds the toner with a heated fuser. Toner, drum, transfer, and fuser parts all affect output.
Kort 152
Fråga
What should be checked when unboxing and placing a multifunction printer?
Svar
Remove shipping locks, allow service clearance and ventilation, match power and network access, load supported media, and choose a stable location.
Kort 153
Fråga
How do PCL and PostScript printer drivers differ?
Svar
PCL is common for fast office output and can vary by device; PostScript describes pages in a device-independent way that suits complex graphics. Use the printer's supported driver.
Kort 154
Fråga
What should be verified when choosing USB, Ethernet, or Wi-Fi for a printer?
Svar
Verify the intended users, cable or signal path, addressing, security, firmware, and driver support. USB serves a local host; network links serve reachable clients.
Kort 155
Fråga
Which parts and maintenance tasks are typical for an inkjet printer?
Svar
Ink cartridges, printheads, pickup rollers, and feeders. Clean or align printheads, replace approved cartridges, clear jams, and service feed parts as needed.
Kort 156
Fråga
How do printer sharing and a print server differ?
Svar
A printer share exposes a queue from a host; a print server centralizes queues, drivers, permissions, and management for many clients.
Kort 157
Fråga
Which settings commonly change a print job's physical output?
Svar
Duplex, portrait or landscape orientation, paper tray and size, and quality. The application, driver, and device settings must agree.
Kort 158
Fråga
Which controls protect a public or shared printer?
Svar
User authentication or badging, secure print release, appropriate permissions, and audit logs. They reduce abandoned sensitive output and trace approved use.
Kort 159
Fråga
How does a direct thermal printer work and what maintenance does it need?
Svar
Heat darkens special thermal paper. Replace the paper correctly, clean the heating element and feed path, and remove debris.
Kort 160
Fråga
Where can a network multifunction device send scans?
Svar
Common destinations are email, an SMB file share, or an approved cloud service. Configure credentials, permissions, addressing, and encryption for the destination.
Kort 161
Fråga
When should you use an ADF instead of a flatbed scanner?
Svar
Use the automatic document feeder for stacks of loose pages; use the flatbed for fragile, bound, thick, or single originals.
Kort 162
Fråga
What does printer calibration correct?
Svar
Placement, density, alignment, or color registration. Run the maker's procedure after relevant part or image-quality changes.
Kort 163
Fråga
Why does an impact printer suit multipart forms?
Svar
Pins strike an inked ribbon and physically transfer the mark through layered paper. The mechanism is noisy but can mark multiple copies.
Kort 164
Fråga
What does a laser-printer maintenance kit commonly refresh?
Svar
Wear parts such as rollers and the fuser, as defined for that model. Replace depleted toner, install the kit at its service interval, calibrate when output shifts, and clean only through approved paths.
Kort 165
Fråga
How do inkjet feed and printhead maintenance address different faults?
Svar
Roller and feeder service fixes paper movement; printhead cleaning or alignment fixes missing or misplaced ink. Use the symptom to choose the maintenance.
Kort 166
Fråga
What is a virtual machine?
Svar
A software-defined computer with virtual CPU, memory, storage, and devices that runs a guest operating system on a host.
Kort 167
Fråga
Where does a Type 1 hypervisor run?
Svar
Directly on the host hardware. This bare-metal design is common in servers and virtualization platforms.
Kort 168
Fråga
Why use a VM as a sandbox or test environment?
Svar
It isolates a disposable environment from the main workload and makes repeatable testing easier. Isolation reduces risk but doesn't make untrusted code harmless.
Kort 169
Fråga
Which VM resources must be sized against real host capacity?
Svar
vCPU, memory, storage space, and I/O. Overcommitting them can make several guests compete for the same hardware.
Kort 170
Fråga
What does application virtualization do?
Svar
It packages, streams, or isolates an application from the base installation. It can simplify delivery or preserve some legacy applications without virtualizing a whole desktop.
Kort 171
Fråga
Where does a Type 2 hypervisor run?
Svar
As an application on a host operating system. It is convenient for desktop labs, testing, and occasional guests.
Kort 172
Fråga
Which security layers need attention on a virtualization host?
Svar
The host, hypervisor, management access, guest OSs, virtual networks, and images. Patch and isolate each layer according to its role.
Kort 173
Fråga
What must be planned for VM networking?
Svar
Addressing, virtual switch or NAT mode, segmentation, bandwidth, and access controls. A guest still needs a deliberate path to required services.
Kort 174
Fråga
What does VDI deliver?
Svar
Centrally hosted desktop sessions to remote clients. Compute and management stay in the data center or cloud rather than on each endpoint.
Kort 175
Fråga
What must be planned for VM storage?
Svar
Capacity, performance, snapshots, backup, and failure location. A snapshot on the same datastore isn't a complete backup.
Kort 176
Fråga
How does a container differ from a typical VM?
Svar
A container isolates an application while sharing the host kernel; a VM normally includes a full guest operating system.
Kort 177
Fråga
How can virtualization support legacy or cross-platform workloads?
Svar
A compatible guest OS or virtualized application layer can preserve the required environment. CPU architecture, licenses, drivers, and hardware access still constrain compatibility.
Kort 178
Fråga
What does a container image provide?
Svar
A repeatable application filesystem and configuration used to start containers. Running containers add temporary writable state unless storage is attached.
Kort 179
Fråga
A virtualization option is unavailable. What should you verify?
Svar
Verify CPU and platform support, then enable the required virtualization feature in UEFI if policy allows. Also confirm that another hypervisor hasn't claimed it.
Kort 180
Fråga
What defines a public cloud?
Svar
It is offered for open use by the general public and operated by a cloud provider. Its resources may be shared or dedicated, depending on the service.
Kort 181
Fråga
What does IaaS provide?
Svar
Cloud compute, networking, and storage infrastructure. The customer usually manages the operating system, applications, identities, and data.
Kort 182
Fråga
What is cloud elasticity?
Svar
The ability to add or remove resources as demand changes, automatically or on request.
Kort 183
Fråga
What does metered cloud utilization measure?
Svar
Consumed resources such as compute time, storage, requests, or transferred data for reporting, limits, and billing.
Kort 184
Fråga
What defines a private cloud?
Svar
Cloud infrastructure reserved for one organization. It can run on-site or be hosted and operated by a provider.
Kort 185
Fråga
What does SaaS provide?
Svar
A complete provider-run application accessed as a service. The customer mainly manages users, settings, and data.
Kort 186
Fråga
How do shared and dedicated cloud resources differ?
Svar
Shared resources serve multiple customers with logical isolation; dedicated resources are reserved for one customer. Either can appear in a provider's public-cloud offering.
Kort 187
Fråga
What is high availability designed to reduce?
Svar
Service downtime from component or location failure through redundancy and failover.
Kort 188
Fråga
What is a hybrid cloud?
Svar
A coordinated use of private-cloud and public-cloud environments, with workloads or data placed where their requirements fit.
Kort 189
Fråga
What does PaaS provide?
Svar
A managed application platform and runtime. Developers deploy code while the provider manages more of the operating system and infrastructure.
Kort 190
Fråga
What do cloud ingress and egress mean?
Svar
Ingress is data entering the cloud service; egress is data leaving it. Providers often meter them differently, and egress can create a notable cost.
Kort 191
Fråga
What does cloud multitenancy mean?
Svar
Multiple customers use provider infrastructure while their workloads and data remain logically isolated.
Kort 192
Fråga
What is a community cloud?
Svar
Cloud infrastructure reserved for organizations with shared requirements, such as a sector or policy need, rather than for unrestricted public use.
Kort 193
Fråga
What does FaaS run?
Svar
Event-triggered functions without the customer managing servers directly. The provider manages the execution environment and scaling mechanics.
Kort 194
Fråga
Does using a cloud service remove the customer's security duties?
Svar
No. Responsibility is shared: the provider protects its service layers, while the customer still manages assigned areas such as identities, settings, applications, and data.
Kort 195
Fråga
What can happen when two offline devices edit the same cloud-synchronized file?
Svar
A synchronization conflict. Preserve both versions, let sync finish, compare the changes, and keep the intended content.
Kort 196
Fråga
A PC stops at POST with a beep or status-light pattern. What should you do next?
Svar
Look up the exact pattern in the system or motherboard service documentation, then test the indicated component.
Kort 197
Fråga
A desktop shows no lights or fan movement. Where should power diagnosis start?
Svar
At the outlet, power strip, cord, PSU input switch, and main internal power connections. Move from the source inward.
Kort 198
Fråga
A PC shows a proprietary crash screen. What evidence should you collect first?
Svar
Record the stop code and recent hardware changes, then check memory, storage, drivers, temperature, and logs indicated by that code.
Kort 199
Fråga
A PC powers on but the screen stays blank. What hardware checks come first?
Svar
Check display power and input, video cabling, GPU seating or power, and whether POST completes. Test one known-good display path at a time.
Kort 200
Fråga
A computer is sluggish under ordinary work. Which hardware conditions should you check?
Svar
Check temperature and throttling, RAM pressure, storage health and free space, CPU load, and background I/O before replacing parts.
Kort 201
Fråga
A PC becomes unstable as CPU temperature rises. What should you inspect?
Svar
Inspect fan operation, heat-sink mounting, thermal material, dust, filters, and case airflow. The CPU may throttle or shut down to protect itself.
Kort 202
Fråga
You smell burning from a powered computer. What is the immediate action?
Svar
Shut it down and disconnect power. Don't keep testing until the damaged power or board component has been safely identified.
Kort 203
Fråga
A PC shuts down randomly only during heavy GPU work. What should you test?
Svar
Test PSU capacity and condition, GPU power leads, temperature, and event logs. Peak load can expose weak power or cooling.
Kort 204
Fråga
Applications crash randomly after new RAM is installed. What should you do?
Svar
Verify compatibility and slot placement, reseat the modules, and run a memory diagnostic. Test modules separately if needed.
Kort 205
Fråga
A computer develops an unusual fan or grinding noise. What should you inspect?
Svar
Inspect fans, cables, pumps, drives, dust, and mounting points while the system is safely powered down when contact is possible.
Kort 206
Fråga
What should you do after finding a swollen motherboard capacitor?
Svar
Disconnect power and replace the failed board or arrange qualified component service. Don't keep operating a board with a visibly failing capacitor.
Kort 207
Fråga
A PC loses its date and time whenever it is unplugged. What is the likely cause?
Svar
A weak motherboard coin-cell battery. Replace it with the specified type and restore any lost firmware settings.
Kort 208
Fråga
Firmware reports less RAM than is installed. What is the first corrective step?
Svar
Power down, follow ESD precautions, and reseat the modules in the recommended slots. Then test compatibility, sticks, and slots methodically.
Kort 209
Fråga
A newly installed CPU isn't recognized even though it fits the socket. What should you verify?
Svar
Verify chipset and firmware support, CPU power, contact condition, seating, and cooling. Physical fit alone doesn't prove compatibility.
Kort 210
Fråga
How can you isolate a motherboard, CPU, RAM, or PSU no-POST fault?
Svar
Reduce the system to minimum required hardware, confirm known-good power, and add components back one at a time.
Kort 211
Fråga
A storage controller shows a warning LED or audible alarm. What should you do first?
Svar
Read the controller's exact status, preserve a current backup, and identify the affected drive or array before replacing anything.
Kort 212
Fråga
A hard drive clicks or grinds while reads fail. What should you prioritize?
Svar
Stop unnecessary activity, preserve recoverable data, and replace the drive. Repeated testing can worsen a mechanical failure.
Kort 213
Fråga
A PC reports no bootable device. Which checks come first?
Svar
Check firmware drive detection and boot order, then data and power connections. If the drive is detected, check its health before changing partitions.
Kort 214
Fråga
Files are corrupt or missing after storage errors. What should you do?
Svar
Stop writes, preserve the affected media, restore from a verified backup when appropriate, and diagnose the drive, controller, memory, and filesystem cause.
Kort 215
Fråga
A controller reports an array missing. What should you avoid?
Svar
Don't initialize or recreate it blindly. Check controller configuration, cabling, power, member detection, and the documented recovery path first.
Kort 216
Fråga
A drive has unusually long read and write times. What should you inspect?
Svar
Inspect health data, errors, cable or link negotiation, free space, workload, temperature, and the storage interface.
Kort 217
Fråga
What should you do after a S.M.A.R.T. failure warning?
Svar
Back up important data immediately and plan drive replacement. A health warning isn't something to clear and ignore.
Kort 218
Fråga
Firmware sees a drive, but the operating system doesn't. What should you check?
Svar
Check OS storage management, drivers, bus support, partitions, and whether the disk is offline. Don't initialize a disk that may contain needed data.
Kort 219
Fråga
A RAID array is degraded after a member fails. What is the safe response?
Svar
Confirm the failed member, verify backup, replace it through the controller's procedure, and monitor the rebuild. Don't remove a healthy member by guesswork.
Kort 220
Fråga
What can cause low storage IOPS even when capacity is available?
Svar
A saturated or slow device, high queue depth, contention, thermal throttling, controller limits, or an unsuitable RAID layout.
Kort 221
Fråga
A monitor reports no signal. What should you check first?
Svar
Check power, selected input, cable seating, adapter compatibility, and whether the computer is producing video.
Kort 222
Fråga
A projector is dim or shuts down intermittently. What should you inspect?
Svar
Inspect the bulb or light source, filters, vents, temperature, brightness settings, room light, and service-life indicators.
Kort 223
Fråga
Text looks fuzzy or the desktop doesn't fit the screen. Which settings should you verify?
Svar
Verify native resolution, scaling, aspect ratio, and any overscan setting. Then check cable and adapter quality.
Kort 224
Fråga
How do display burn-in and a dead pixel differ?
Svar
Burn-in is persistent image retention across an area; a dead or stuck pixel is a fixed point defect. Confirm each with varied full-screen test images.
Kort 225
Fråga
A display flashes or flickers at a new refresh rate. What should you check?
Svar
Check that the display, GPU, port, cable, resolution, and refresh rate combination is supported.
Kort 226
Fråga
A projected image is trapezoidal or distorted. What should you adjust?
Svar
Correct projector position, angle, focus, and aspect ratio first; use keystone correction only as needed.
Kort 227
Fråga
A monitor shows incorrect colors. How do you isolate the cause?
Svar
Check color settings and profiles, reseat or replace the cable, test another input or display, and inspect GPU output and drivers.
Kort 228
Fråga
Video works over HDMI or DisplayPort, but audio doesn't. What should you check?
Svar
Check the OS playback device, application output, display volume, cable capability, and whether the adapter carries audio.
Kort 229
Fråga
A laptop LCD shows a faint image only under a flashlight. Which area is likely failing?
Svar
The backlight or its power/driver path. The faint picture shows that image data still reaches the panel.
Kort 230
Fråga
A phone battery drains much faster than usual. What should you check first?
Svar
Check battery health and recent screen, app, radio, and location use. Confirm the usage change before replacing hardware.
Kort 231
Fråga
A phone has a broken screen but still receives notifications. What should guide the repair?
Svar
Back up accessible data, stop using sharp or exposed surfaces, and determine whether the glass, display, digitizer, or full assembly is replaceable.
Kort 232
Fråga
A phone won't charge and its port looks damaged. What is the safe first test?
Svar
Inspect without metal tools, then try a known-good compatible cable and charger. Use wireless charging only if the device supports it and the battery is safe.
Kort 233
Fråga
A phone has poor or no connectivity. What should you isolate?
Svar
Test Wi-Fi, cellular, and Bluetooth separately; check airplane mode, signal, account or SIM/eSIM state, and the specific network settings.
Kort 234
Fråga
A battery is pushing a mobile-device case apart. What should you do?
Svar
Power it down, stop charging it, and arrange approved battery service. Don't press the case closed.
Kort 235
Fråga
A mobile device gets wet. Why should you avoid powering or charging it?
Svar
Moisture can cause shorts and corrosion. Shut it down and follow the manufacturer's drying or service guidance.
Kort 236
Fråga
Touch input drifts or misses one area. What should you check?
Svar
Check screen cleanliness and protectors, test calibration if supported, compare apps, and inspect the digitizer connection or damage.
Kort 237
Fråga
A phone slows down and overheats during light use. What should you inspect?
Svar
Inspect battery health, storage pressure, updates, background apps, signal hunting, and possible malware. Stop use if heat is unsafe.
Kort 238
Fråga
A mobile device shows pop-ups and heavy data use after an untrusted install. What should you suspect?
Svar
Malware or a harmful app. Disconnect as needed, preserve required evidence, remove it through the approved mobile-security process, and update the device.
Kort 239
Fråga
A mobile device can't install a new application. What should you check?
Svar
Check free storage, OS and hardware compatibility, account or store access, network service, and MDM policy before bypassing any restriction.
Kort 240
Fråga
An active stylus doesn't work, but finger touch does. What should you check?
Svar
Check stylus compatibility, charge or battery, pairing, tip, app support, and the device's active-digitizer settings.
Kort 241
Fråga
Users report slow network speeds. What should you measure before changing hardware?
Svar
Measure negotiated link rate, throughput, utilization, errors, signal, channel use, and server or ISP performance to locate the bottleneck.
Kort 242
Fråga
Wi-Fi disconnects intermittently in one area. What should you inspect?
Svar
Inspect signal strength, roaming, interference, channel plan, access-point placement, client drivers, and power-saving behavior.
Kort 243
Fråga
A client reports limited connectivity. Which layers should you check in order?
Svar
Check physical or wireless link, IP address and mask, gateway, DHCP, DNS, and upstream reachability.
Kort 244
Fråga
A user repeatedly fails network authentication. What should you verify?
Svar
Verify the account and credentials, time, certificate, authentication method, network policy, and whether the user or device is authorized.
Kort 245
Fråga
Which tools help locate high latency?
Svar
Ping compares delay and loss; traceroute shows the path by hops. Test several destinations to separate a local, provider, and destination issue.
Kort 246
Fråga
What signs point to external wireless interference?
Svar
Signal quality or throughput drops despite adequate strength, often near a device or at certain times. A spectrum or Wi-Fi analyzer helps confirm it.
Kort 247
Fråga
A switch port repeatedly changes between up and down. What should you isolate?
Svar
Isolate the patch cable, wall run, endpoint NIC, and switch port. Review port logs and test the cable for a port-flapping cause.
Kort 248
Fråga
A wired PC has no link light. Where should troubleshooting start?
Svar
At the cable, connector, NIC, and switch port. Changing IP settings can't repair a missing physical link.
Kort 249
Fråga
VoIP sounds choppy even though average bandwidth is adequate. Which network condition should you measure?
Svar
Jitter, along with latency and packet loss. QoS and congestion control may help after the impaired path is identified.
Kort 250
Fråga
Internet access drops for every local client, then returns. Where should you look?
Svar
Check the shared WAN path: the router's WAN link, modem or ONT, provider service, power, and logs. Independent failures across every local client at once are unlikely.
Kort 251
Fråga
A host can reach an internet IP but not a website name. What is the likely fault?
Svar
DNS resolution. Check the configured resolver and test a direct lookup.
Kort 252
Fråga
A PC receives a 169.254.x.x address. What should you test next?
Svar
Test its link and the path to DHCP. The APIPA address shows that normal lease configuration failed.
Kort 253
Fråga
Two hosts report an address conflict. What should you inspect?
Svar
Inspect static assignments, DHCP reservations, and the lease scope for a duplicate IP address.
Kort 254
Fråga
A PC on a new switch port can't reach its department resources. What should you verify?
Svar
Verify the access VLAN, then its routing and policy. A good physical link on the wrong VLAN still provides the wrong network access.
Kort 255
Fråga
A PoE camera has network pairs but no power. What should you check?
Svar
Check the injector or switch standard, port state, total power budget, cable quality, and camera power requirement.
Kort 256
Fråga
Only one PC lacks network access while nearby systems work. What should you compare?
Svar
Compare its link, IP settings, DNS, authentication, proxy or VPN state, and local firewall with a working peer.
Kort 257
Fråga
A printed page has a line in the same place every time. What should you inspect?
Svar
Inspect the cartridge, printhead, drum, scanner glass, and approved cleaning path for contamination or damage, based on printer type.
Kort 258
Fråga
A printer produces garbled characters. What should you verify?
Svar
Verify the driver and print language, cable or network path, firmware, and source document. Cancel the bad job before retrying.
Kort 259
Fråga
A printer reports a paper jam. What is the safe response?
Svar
Stop the job, follow the documented paper path, remove paper in the specified direction, and check for scraps or damaged rollers.
Kort 260
Fråga
Several print jobs remain pending after the printer recovers. What should you do?
Svar
Cancel failed jobs as appropriate, verify printer status and connectivity, restart the print service if needed, then send one small test page.
520 kort
CompTIA A+ 220-1201 & 220-1202 Flashcards: Core 1 and Core 2
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Kort 261
Fråga
Printed pages are uniformly faded. What should you check?
Svar
Check toner or ink level, density or quality settings, cartridge condition, and the correct media setting.
Kort 262
Fråga
A printer makes a grinding noise. What should you do?
Svar
Stop the job and inspect for jammed media, foreign objects, damaged gears, or a misseated cartridge or maintenance part.
Kort 263
Fråga
Paper won't feed or several sheets feed together. Which parts should you inspect?
Svar
Inspect pickup rollers, the separation pad, feeder, paper condition, tray guides, and load limit.
Kort 264
Fråga
A document prints in the wrong orientation. What should you check?
Svar
Check portrait or landscape settings in the application and driver, then confirm paper size and any device default.
Kort 265
Fråga
What commonly causes speckles across printed pages?
Svar
Loose toner, ink contamination, a dirty print path, or a damaged cartridge or drum. Use the printer type and repeating pattern to narrow it.
Kort 266
Fråga
A finisher won't staple or punch pages. What should you inspect?
Svar
Inspect the staple cartridge or jam, punch waste bin, finisher seating, supported paper, and driver job settings.
Kort 267
Fråga
A printer doesn't recognize a loaded tray. What should you check?
Svar
Check tray seating, paper guides and size sensors, media settings, firmware, and driver configuration.
Kort 268
Fråga
A network printer shows Ready but clients can't reach it. What should you test?
Svar
Test its link, IP configuration, address conflict, VLAN and routing path, print port, and firewall access.
Kort 269
Fråga
A laser page shows a repeated faint image. Which area should you inspect?
Svar
Inspect the imaging drum and fuser for ghosting. The repeat distance can help the service guide identify the rotating part.
Kort 270
Fråga
A print queue is frozen and won't process a test page. What should you do?
Svar
Clear the blocked job safely, restart the spooler or print service, verify disk and printer connectivity, then submit one small test.
Kort 271
Fråga
Which desktop OS is the usual choice for broad business software and Active Directory integration?
Svar
Windows. It has the widest support for common business applications and native integration with Microsoft domain services.
Kort 272
Fråga
When is a clean OS installation preferable to an in-place upgrade?
Svar
Choose a clean install when you need a fresh system or the existing installation is unreliable. It removes installed apps and settings, so back up user data first.
Kort 273
Fråga
Which Windows command lists files and folders in the current directory?
Svar
dir. Use cd when you need to change the current directory.
Kort 274
Fråga
Which Windows tool gives a quick view of running processes, startup apps, users, services, and performance?
Svar
Task Manager. It is the first stop for a quick process or resource check.
Kort 275
Fråga
What should you check before moving a user between desktop or mobile operating systems?
Svar
Check application, peripheral, file-format, and account compatibility first. A supported OS is still a bad fit if the user's required tools or data won't work on it.
Kort 276
Fråga
How should you choose between a public and private Windows network profile?
Svar
Use Public on untrusted networks and Private only on trusted local networks. The profile changes discovery and firewall behavior.
Kort 277
Fråga
Which Windows command shows the current IP configuration?
Svar
ipconfig. Add /all when you need details such as DHCP, DNS, gateway, and adapter addresses.
Kort 278
Fråga
What is the main benefit of deploying an OS image?
Svar
It applies a prepared, consistent system build to multiple devices. The image still needs compatible drivers, licensing, and post-deployment updates.
Kort 279
Fråga
Which console should you open to investigate recorded application, security, or system errors?
Svar
Event Viewer. Filter by the relevant time, source, and event level instead of treating every warning as the cause.
Kort 280
Fråga
Which Windows file system supports permissions, encryption, compression, and large local volumes?
Svar
NTFS. It is the standard Windows file system when you need access controls and other full desktop features.
Kort 281
Fråga
Which Windows edition fits a basic home PC that does not need business management features?
Svar
Windows Home. It covers normal consumer use but lacks several business features found in Pro and Enterprise.
Kort 282
Fråga
What do the common macOS application forms .dmg, .pkg, and .app represent?
Svar
A .dmg is a mountable disk image, a .pkg runs an installer, and an .app is an application bundle. Remove software with its supported process, especially when it installed system components.
Kort 283
Fråga
Which boot approach lets a technician start an installer delivered by a deployment server?
Svar
Network boot, commonly PXE. The client firmware and network must support it, and the deployment service must be reachable.
Kort 284
Fråga
Which command is the quickest basic test of IP reachability to another host?
Svar
ping. A failed ping is only a clue because the host or firewall may block echo traffic.
Kort 285
Fråga
Which Windows tool creates partitions, assigns drive letters, and initializes disks?
Svar
Disk Management. Confirm the disk and volume before making changes because some operations can destroy data.
Kort 286
Fråga
What is safer than disabling Windows Firewall when one application is blocked?
Svar
Create the narrowest required application or port exception. Keep the firewall enabled and limit the rule to the needed profiles and traffic.
Kort 287
Fråga
What should you compare before installing a demanding application?
Svar
Compare its OS, CPU, RAM, storage, graphics, VRAM, and peripheral requirements with the device. Check both minimum and practical workload needs.
Kort 288
Fråga
Which Windows edition is the usual minimum for joining a business domain and hosting Remote Desktop?
Svar
Windows Pro. It also adds business features such as BitLocker management and Local Group Policy.
Kort 289
Fråga
Which Windows command queries DNS records for a name?
Svar
nslookup. It helps distinguish name-resolution trouble from basic network reachability.
Kort 290
Fråga
Which macOS feature creates versioned backups for normal file and system recovery?
Svar
Time Machine. Confirm the backup destination is available and test that needed files can actually be restored.
Kort 291
Fråga
What makes zero-touch deployment different from a normal remote installation?
Svar
Zero-touch deployment minimizes hands-on setup after the device starts. Policies, applications, and identity configuration are applied automatically.
Kort 292
Fråga
When is exFAT usually a better removable-drive format than FAT32?
Svar
Use exFAT when the drive must move between modern operating systems and hold files larger than FAT32's 4 GB per-file limit.
Kort 293
Fråga
Which values must be correct in a manual IPv4 client configuration?
Svar
The IP address, subnet mask, default gateway, and DNS server settings must fit the network. A wrong value can break local or internet access.
Kort 294
Fråga
How do FileVault and Keychain serve different security jobs on macOS?
Svar
FileVault encrypts the startup disk; Keychain stores passwords, certificates, and keys. Neither replaces good account security or backups.
Kort 295
Fråga
What should you verify before booting an installer from USB media?
Svar
Verify the media is trusted and bootable, then select the correct temporary boot device. Also confirm the firmware mode matches the planned partition style.
Kort 296
Fråga
Which Windows console is best for checking a device's driver status or hardware error code?
Svar
Device Manager. It shows detected hardware, driver details, disabled devices, and device error codes.
Kort 297
Fråga
When is Windows Enterprise a better fit than Pro?
Svar
Use Enterprise for centrally managed organizations that need its additional security, deployment, and control features. It is licensed for organizational use rather than a typical retail PC.
Kort 298
Fråga
How does a domain differ from a workgroup for Windows client management?
Svar
A domain provides centralized identity and policy; a workgroup manages accounts separately on each PC. Shared resources must match the chosen model.
Kort 299
Fråga
Which command shows active network connections and listening ports on Windows?
Svar
netstat. Use its documented options to include process IDs or numeric addresses when needed.
Kort 300
Fråga
Which Windows tool runs a program or script on a trigger or schedule?
Svar
Task Scheduler. Use it for defined triggers such as a time, startup, sign-in, or event.
Kort 301
Fråga
What must be assigned before a user can legally use many cloud productivity apps?
Svar
The correct service license. Installation alone does not grant an account access to licensed features.
Kort 302
Fråga
What do /Applications, /Users, /Library, and /System hold on macOS?
Svar
They hold installed apps, user home folders, shared support data, and protected system components, respectively. A user's own Library sits inside that user's home folder.
Kort 303
Fråga
What path format directly identifies a Windows network share?
Svar
A UNC path such as \\server\share. A mapped drive gives that share a drive letter for convenience.
Kort 304
Fråga
Why can a 32-bit-only dependency block an otherwise capable 64-bit system?
Svar
The application may rely on an unsupported 32-bit component or driver. Confirm the complete dependency chain, not just the CPU architecture.
Kort 305
Fråga
Which file systems are common on Linux desktops and servers?
Svar
ext4 and XFS. Both are Linux-native choices; support for features and repair tools depends on the distribution and workload.
Kort 306
Fråga
What workload is Windows Pro for Workstations aimed at?
Svar
High-end professional hardware and demanding workloads. It adds support intended for workstation-class processors, memory, and storage features.
Kort 307
Fråga
Why synchronize identity between an organization and a cloud productivity service?
Svar
It keeps user accounts and access aligned with the organization's identity source. Provisioning and removal can then follow the user's lifecycle.
Kort 308
Fråga
When should you try a repair installation or recovery environment?
Svar
Use it when the current OS is damaged but preserving the installation is still reasonable. Back up recoverable data before making larger changes.
Kort 309
Fråga
Which Windows command traces the router hops toward a destination?
Svar
tracert. Use pathping when you also need sampled latency and loss information across the route.
Kort 310
Fråga
Why should mobile apps come from the platform's trusted store or an approved enterprise source?
Svar
Trusted sources provide stronger publisher, signing, and review checks. Sideloading from an unknown source raises the risk of a malicious or altered app.
Kort 311
Fråga
What is distinctive about a Windows N edition?
Svar
It omits certain built-in media technologies. An application that depends on those components may need Microsoft's media feature package.
Kort 312
Fråga
Which partition style is the normal choice for a modern UEFI system?
Svar
GPT. It supports modern UEFI booting, large disks, and more partitions than legacy MBR.
Kort 313
Fråga
What should you confirm when setting up a cloud storage sync folder?
Svar
Confirm the account, selected folders, local disk impact, sharing rules, and whether files remain available offline.
Kort 314
Fråga
When does a dedicated GPU matter more than integrated graphics?
Svar
It matters when the application requires more graphics performance or dedicated VRAM than the integrated GPU can provide.
Kort 315
Fråga
How do chmod and chown differ on Linux?
Svar
chmod changes permission bits; chown changes file ownership. Verify the target and use elevated rights only when required.
Kort 316
Fråga
Which command checks a Windows volume's file-system structure for errors?
Svar
chkdsk. Review its options before requesting repairs because a repair may need exclusive access or a restart.
Kort 317
Fråga
What is the difference between partitioning and formatting a drive?
Svar
Partitioning defines logical regions on the drive; formatting creates a file system inside a partition. Both can affect existing data, so confirm the target first.
Kort 318
Fråga
What does a client VPN connection provide?
Svar
It creates an encrypted path to a remote private network. The user still needs valid authentication and authorization for its resources.
Kort 319
Fråga
Which Linux package managers are common on Debian-based and Fedora-based systems?
Svar
apt is common on Debian and Ubuntu; dnf is common on Fedora and related systems. Use authorized sudo elevation for administrative package changes instead of routine root login.
Kort 320
Fråga
When should you use Performance Monitor instead of only Task Manager?
Svar
Use Performance Monitor when you need counters collected over time. Task Manager is better for a quick live snapshot.
Kort 321
Fråga
Which Windows command-line tool manages disks, partitions, and volumes?
Svar
diskpart. Select and verify the exact disk before any destructive command.
Kort 322
Fråga
Which firmware and security components are central to Windows 11 hardware eligibility?
Svar
UEFI with Secure Boot capability and a supported TPM 2.0 are central requirements. The processor, RAM, and storage must also meet Microsoft's current requirements.
Kort 323
Fråga
What should you verify before a mobile OS upgrade?
Svar
Check device support, free storage, battery or power, network access, app compatibility, and a current backup.
Kort 324
Fråga
Why mark a Windows connection as metered?
Svar
It tells Windows to limit some background transfers on a connection with a data cap or high cost. Updates and cloud sync may behave differently.
Kort 325
Fråga
Which file system is designed for current Apple storage devices?
Svar
APFS. It is Apple's modern file system for macOS and other Apple platforms.
Kort 326
Fråga
Which Linux commands distinguish free filesystem space from a directory's space use?
Svar
df reports filesystem free space; du estimates space used by files and directories. Use both when tracking down a full disk.
Kort 327
Fråga
What belongs in an OS upgrade preflight check?
Svar
Back up user data and settings, then verify hardware, applications, drivers, storage, licensing, and the supported upgrade path.
Kort 328
Fråga
Why should Windows show known file extensions during support work?
Svar
Visible extensions make file types easier to verify and help expose misleading names such as invoice.pdf.exe.
Kort 329
Fråga
What is the safest source for an application installer?
Svar
Use the vendor's trusted store or official download channel. Verify the publisher, signature, or published hash when available.
Kort 330
Fråga
Which Windows command is built for reliable folder copying with restart and mirror options?
Svar
robocopy. Treat mirror or purge options carefully because they can delete destination files that are absent from the source.
Kort 331
Fråga
Why should you verify the supported Windows edition upgrade path before starting?
Svar
Not every source edition can upgrade directly to every target edition. An unsupported path may require a clean install instead.
Kort 332
Fråga
Which Windows tool helps isolate startup problems by controlling boot and service options?
Svar
System Configuration (msconfig). Use selective startup for diagnosis, then restore the intended configuration after testing.
Kort 333
Fråga
What should a technician test before rolling out cloud videoconferencing?
Svar
Test supported devices, camera and microphone permissions, network capacity, sign-in, and any organization policy.
Kort 334
Fråga
What does an operating system reaching end of life mean for support?
Svar
The vendor no longer provides normal support or security updates. Plan a supported upgrade or replacement instead of treating the old system as safe indefinitely.
Kort 335
Fråga
Which Windows command checks protected system files and replaces damaged copies?
Svar
sfc /scannow. Run it from an elevated terminal and review the result before deciding the next repair step.
Kort 336
Fråga
What is the purpose of a Microsoft Management Console snap-in?
Svar
It adds a focused administrative tool to an MMC console. Event Viewer, Local Users and Groups, and Certificate Manager are common examples.
Kort 337
Fråga
What is the purpose of a mobile configuration profile?
Svar
It applies managed settings such as accounts, certificates, restrictions, and security rules. Install profiles only from an authorized administrator or trusted provider.
Kort 338
Fråga
What is ReFS mainly designed to improve on supported Windows systems?
Svar
Storage resilience and data integrity. ReFS is useful for supported data workloads, but it is not a universal replacement for an NTFS Windows boot volume.
Kort 339
Fråga
Why pilot a business application before a broad rollout?
Svar
A pilot exposes device, network, workflow, licensing, and compatibility effects on a small group before they reach everyone.
Kort 340
Fråga
Why check sharing permissions before moving a document into a collaboration workspace?
Svar
The move may change who can read or edit it. Confirm the intended audience, link settings, ownership, and version history.
Kort 341
Fråga
Which physical control stops a vehicle from driving close to a protected entrance?
Svar
Bollards. They create a physical barrier while still allowing pedestrian access.
Kort 342
Fråga
What is the main sign that a message may be phishing?
Svar
It tries to push you into revealing data, opening a file, or following a link under false pretenses. Verify the request through a known channel.
Kort 343
Fråga
What protects workstation data if a powered-off drive is stolen?
Svar
Data-at-rest encryption, such as BitLocker or FileVault. Store recovery keys through an approved process.
Kort 344
Fråga
What is the first step in a suspected malware case?
Svar
Investigate and verify the symptoms. Record what happened and rule out ordinary faults before declaring the system infected.
Kort 345
Fråga
What is the purpose of an access control vestibule?
Svar
It allows one controlled door to close before the next opens. This reduces tailgating into a secure area.
Kort 346
Fråga
How do spear phishing and whaling differ from broad phishing?
Svar
Spear phishing targets a specific person or group; whaling targets senior or high-value people. Both use tailored context to appear credible.
Kort 347
Fråga
Which password properties matter most for normal user accounts?
Svar
Use long, unique passwords and store them in an approved password manager. Complexity and expiration rules should follow current organization policy.
Kort 348
Fråga
Why is a normal format not enough before transferring a drive with sensitive data?
Svar
A standard format mainly rebuilds file-system structures and may leave recoverable data. Use an approved wipe, secure erase, encryption-key destruction, or physical destruction method.
Kort 349
Fråga
What makes a Trojan different from a computer virus?
Svar
A Trojan pretends to be legitimate so the user installs or runs it. A virus attaches its code to a host file or boot area and replicates when that code runs.
Kort 350
Fråga
Why combine a badge reader with a biometric check at a sensitive door?
Svar
The combination verifies something the person has and something they are. It is stronger than either factor alone.
Kort 351
Fråga
What does a BIOS or UEFI password protect?
Svar
It limits unauthorized firmware changes or startup access. It does not encrypt files on the drive.
Kort 352
Fråga
Which phishing names apply to voice calls, text messages, and malicious QR codes?
Svar
Vishing uses voice, smishing uses SMS or messaging, and QR phishing uses a code to hide the destination. Verify the request before acting.
Kort 353
Fråga
What should you do once a malware infection is reasonably confirmed?
Svar
Quarantine the device from networks and shared storage. Preserve any evidence required by policy while limiting further spread.
Kort 354
Fråga
Which malware hides deeply in a system to preserve privileged access?
Svar
A rootkit. Because it can conceal processes or changes, trusted offline scanning or reimaging may be required.
Kort 355
Fråga
What simple action protects an unattended signed-in workstation?
Svar
Lock the screen. Use an automatic timeout as a backup, and log off when the session is no longer needed.
Kort 356
Fråga
What do cameras, guards, alarms, lighting, and motion sensors contribute to physical security?
Svar
They deter, detect, record, or respond to unauthorized activity. They work best as layers rather than a single control.
Kort 357
Fråga
What attack occurs when someone watches a user enter sensitive information?
Svar
Shoulder surfing. Privacy screens, careful positioning, and awareness reduce the risk.
Kort 358
Fråga
How should you verify a browser download before running it?
Svar
Use a trusted source, confirm the publisher or signature, and compare a published hash when available. A matching hash proves integrity, not that the publisher is trustworthy.
Kort 359
Fråga
What does a computer virus need in order to spread?
Svar
A virus attaches to a host file or boot area and spreads when that infected code runs. A boot-sector virus targets startup data.
Kort 360
Fråga
When is a secure erase preferable to physical destruction?
Svar
Use a verified secure erase when the storage device will be reused and the method fits its media type. Validate the result before reassignment.
Kort 361
Fråga
How does tailgating differ from impersonation?
Svar
Tailgating follows an authorized person into a restricted area; impersonation claims a false identity to gain trust or access.
Kort 362
Fråga
What does the principle of least privilege require?
Svar
Give an account only the access needed for its current job, for only as long as needed. Review and remove unnecessary rights.
Kort 363
Fråga
What does spoofing change to make a message, host, or caller look trusted?
Svar
It forges identifying information such as an address, name, number, or source. Verify identity through a separate trusted signal.
Kort 364
Fråga
Which Wi-Fi security protocol is the preferred modern choice when all devices support it?
Svar
WPA3. Use its strongest supported mode and a strong credential or enterprise authentication.
Kort 365
Fråga
How does a DDoS attack differ from a DoS attack?
Svar
A DDoS attack uses many distributed sources; a DoS attack may come from one source. Both aim to exhaust availability.
Kort 366
Fråga
What assumption drives a Zero Trust access decision?
Svar
No user, device, or network location is trusted automatically. Verify identity, device state, context, and authorization for each access decision.
Kort 367
Fråga
Which physical methods make a hard drive unusable?
Svar
Approved shredding or drilling can destroy the platters and mechanism. Follow safety, environmental, and evidence-handling rules.
Kort 368
Fråga
How do account lockout and account expiration solve different problems?
Svar
Lockout slows repeated failed sign-ins; expiration ends access after a defined date. Set both according to business policy.
Kort 369
Fråga
Which malware categories secretly monitor a user's activity?
Svar
Spyware collects activity or data; a keylogger records input; stalkerware is used for covert surveillance of a person.
Kort 370
Fråga
What wireless threat presents a convincing fake access point?
Svar
An evil twin. Users may connect to it because its network name resembles a trusted one.
Kort 371
Fråga
What are the first security changes on a new SOHO router?
Svar
Change default administrator credentials, update firmware, and save a known-good configuration. Use a unique management password.
Kort 372
Fråga
What should you do when a browser reports an invalid certificate on a sensitive site?
Svar
Stop and verify the address, system time, and certificate details. Do not bypass the warning for sign-in or payment data.
Kort 373
Fråga
What does an access control list decide?
Svar
An ACL states which identities or traffic are allowed or denied on a resource. Keep entries specific and review inherited rules.
Kort 374
Fråga
Which malware blocks access to data and demands payment?
Svar
Ransomware. Isolate the device quickly and recover from known-good backups rather than assuming payment will restore data.
Kort 375
Fråga
How should router management access be exposed?
Svar
Allow it only from trusted interfaces and secure protocols, ideally from the local network. Place the router where unauthorized people cannot reset or replace it.
Kort 376
Fråga
How should Windows restore points be handled during an approved malware-removal workflow?
Svar
Temporarily disable System Restore when the procedure calls for it, then re-enable it and create a clean restore point after remediation.
Kort 377
Fråga
Which built-in accounts or credentials should be changed or disabled during setup?
Svar
Disable the guest account when unused and replace default administrator names or passwords where policy requires it. Never leave vendor defaults active.
Kort 378
Fråga
What happens in an on-path attack?
Svar
The attacker positions themselves between communicating parties to observe or alter traffic. Strong certificate validation and encryption help prevent it.
Kort 379
Fråga
How do browser patches and extension controls work together?
Svar
Patches fix browser flaws; extension controls reduce code from untrusted add-ons. Keep only approved, necessary extensions.
Kort 380
Fråga
How should a guest wireless network be separated from trusted devices?
Svar
Use a separate guest network with strong encryption and client isolation. Do not grant it access to internal files or management interfaces.
Kort 381
Fråga
Why disable AutoRun and unused services?
Svar
They remove automatic execution paths and unnecessary attack surface. Confirm a service is not required before disabling it.
Kort 382
Fråga
Which storage media can degaussing sanitize?
Svar
Magnetic media such as compatible hard drives and tapes, but only with an approved degausser rated for that exact medium. Flash storage such as SSDs cannot be sanitized this way. A drive becoming unusable does not prove its data was sanitized; follow and validate the approved procedure.
Kort 383
Fråga
Why update anti-malware tools before the main removal scan?
Svar
Current definitions and engines can recognize newer threats. Scan in a safer environment, such as Safe Mode or approved recovery media, when appropriate.
Kort 384
Fråga
What makes authentication multifactor?
Svar
It uses factors from at least two different categories, such as a password plus a hardware token or biometric. Two passwords are still one factor type.
Kort 385
Fråga
Which encryption choice is appropriate for a WPA2 network?
Svar
AES-based CCMP. Avoid selecting older TKIP just to keep obsolete clients connected.
Kort 386
Fråga
What is the basic endpoint patching sequence?
Svar
Inventory supported systems, deploy tested OS and application updates, verify success, and remediate failures. Endpoint security definitions need updates too.
Kort 387
Fråga
Why should daily work use a standard account instead of an administrator account?
Svar
A standard account limits what mistakes or malware can change. Elevate only the specific approved task through UAC or Run as administrator.
Kort 388
Fråga
When is reimaging safer than continuing to clean an infected PC?
Svar
Reimage when trust cannot be restored, the malware is deeply embedded, or policy requires a known-good build. Restore only verified clean data.
Kort 389
Fråga
Why is TKIP a poor choice for a new wireless network?
Svar
TKIP is a legacy protocol with known security limits. Replace incompatible clients and use WPA2-AES or WPA3.
Kort 390
Fråga
When is incineration an acceptable data-destruction method?
Svar
Only through an authorized facility that can handle the material safely and meet legal and environmental requirements.
Kort 391
Fråga
What does private browsing protect on a shared computer?
Svar
It reduces local history and cookie retention after the session. It does not hide activity from the network or service, so sign out and clear sensitive data as policy requires.
Kort 392
Fråga
How does a dictionary attack differ from a general brute-force attack?
Svar
A dictionary attack tries likely words and known password patterns; brute force systematically tries possibilities. Long, unique passwords and rate limits make both harder.
Kort 393
Fråga
How do SSO and SAML commonly work together?
Svar
SSO lets one sign-in reach multiple services; SAML can carry trusted authentication claims between an identity provider and a service.
Kort 394
Fråga
Why disable UPnP and unused inbound ports when they are not required?
Svar
They can create unnecessary paths into the network. Open only the specific service and source access the business needs.
Kort 395
Fråga
What symptom often points to an unauthorized cryptominer?
Svar
Unexplained sustained CPU or GPU use, heat, fan noise, or power consumption. Confirm the process before removal.
Kort 396
Fråga
What should an outsourced destruction vendor provide?
Svar
A traceable certificate of destruction or recycling tied to the assets. Confirm the vendor and chain of custody before release.
Kort 397
Fråga
When is just-in-time privileged access safer than a standing admin account?
Svar
It grants elevated rights only for an approved task and limited time. Privileged access management can control and record that elevation.
Kort 398
Fråga
What follow-up checks belong after malware removal?
Svar
Run updated scans, patch the system, schedule ongoing scans and updates, and verify normal behavior before reconnecting fully.
Kort 399
Fråga
Which input flaws commonly enable SQL injection and cross-site scripting?
Svar
SQL injection reaches a database through unsafe query input; XSS injects script into content a browser renders. Use parameterized queries for SQL and context-aware output encoding for browser content.
Kort 400
Fråga
Which mobile controls help after a managed phone is lost?
Svar
A locator, remote lock or wipe, device encryption, and a current remote backup. Test enrollment before the device disappears.
Kort 401
Fråga
Which control is designed to detect or block sensitive data from leaving approved boundaries?
Svar
Data loss prevention, or DLP. It applies rules to data in use, in motion, or at rest according to policy.
Kort 402
Fråga
When is port forwarding appropriate on a small network?
Svar
Use it only for an approved service that must receive inbound traffic. Prefer a screened subnet or other isolation for exposed systems, and document the narrow rule.
Kort 403
Fråga
Why can fileless malware be hard to detect?
Svar
It relies heavily on memory and legitimate system tools instead of leaving a normal executable on disk. Behavior monitoring is especially useful.
Kort 404
Fråga
Why are unpatched, end-of-life, or unmanaged BYOD systems a security risk?
Svar
They may lack current fixes, controls, or visibility. Enforce support and access policy instead of assuming a connected device is safe.
Kort 405
Fråga
What must guide disposal of batteries, storage devices, and electronics?
Svar
Applicable data-retention, privacy, environmental, and recycling rules. Record asset disposition according to policy.
Kort 406
Fråga
What should an email security gateway do before a message reaches the user?
Svar
Filter suspicious senders, links, attachments, and spoofing signals. Users should still verify unusual requests through a known channel.
Kort 407
Fråga
Which service commonly provides centralized authentication for enterprise Wi-Fi?
Svar
RADIUS. It validates users or devices against a central identity source; TACACS+ is more commonly associated with network-device administration.
Kort 408
Fråga
How does MDM reduce risk on BYOD and corporate-owned mobile devices?
Svar
MDM applies profiles, screen-lock rules, updates, app controls, and remote actions. The policy should clearly separate company requirements from personal privacy.
Kort 409
Fråga
How does a potentially unwanted program differ from clearly malicious malware?
Svar
A PUP may be installed with nominal consent but still adds unwanted behavior, such as aggressive ads or browser changes. Remove it through approved tools and review bundled installers.
Kort 410
Fråga
What should the technician explain to the user after a malware incident?
Svar
Explain the likely entry point and practical prevention steps, such as safer links, trusted downloads, updates, and prompt reporting.
Kort 411
Fråga
What is the first useful action after a Windows blue-screen crash?
Svar
Record the stop code and recent changes, then check relevant logs and dumps. Do not replace hardware from the blue screen alone.
Kort 412
Fråga
What should you try first when one mobile app will not launch?
Svar
Force-close the app, reopen it, and check for an update. If the problem persists, restart the device and verify the app still supports the OS.
Kort 413
Fråga
What should you do after finding an unapproved app already installed on a managed phone?
Svar
Document it and follow policy to block or remove it through the approved mobile-management process. Do not open it for testing; if compromise is plausible, contain the phone and escalate before wiping evidence.
Kort 414
Fråga
What should you do if a possibly infected PC suddenly cannot reach the network?
Svar
Check ordinary link and IP status, but keep the PC isolated if compromise is plausible. Do not weaken the firewall just to restore access.
Kort 415
Fråga
Where should you start when Windows feels broadly slow?
Svar
Check Task Manager for CPU, memory, disk, and startup pressure. Correlate the bottleneck with recent apps, updates, storage, and temperature.
Kort 416
Fråga
How should you handle a mobile app that repeatedly crashes while in use?
Svar
Reproduce the trigger, free needed resources, update the app and OS, and clear supported app cache or reinstall after protecting its data.
Kort 417
Fråga
Why should developer mode be disabled on a normal user's mobile device?
Svar
It can expose debugging, installation, or control paths that normal operation does not need. Enable it only for an authorized task and turn it off afterward.
Kort 418
Fråga
What do unfamiliar security alerts on the Windows desktop require?
Svar
Verify which installed product or process created them. Capture the message and avoid clicking it until its source is trusted.
Kort 419
Fråga
What should you try when Windows reaches recovery but not the normal desktop?
Svar
Use Startup Repair or Safe Mode to isolate the boot problem. Back up accessible data before risky repair steps.
Kort 420
Fråga
What commonly blocks a mobile app update?
Svar
Low storage, poor connectivity, account or store issues, device policy, or OS incompatibility. Read the exact store error before changing settings.
Kort 421
Fråga
What security boundary changes when a phone is rooted or jailbroken?
Svar
Platform protections and app isolation may be bypassed. Treat the device as noncompliant and restore it through an approved process.
Kort 422
Fråga
How can you recognize a fake antivirus warning?
Svar
It often uses urgent claims, an unfamiliar brand, or a demand to click, call, or pay. Open the approved security tool directly instead of using the alert.
Kort 423
Fråga
What does a firmware message saying no operating system was found suggest checking first?
Svar
Check whether the system drive is detected and first in the intended boot order. Then inspect its connection, partition, and boot data.
Kort 424
Fråga
What should you verify when a mobile app will not install?
Svar
Verify the source, device and OS compatibility, free storage, account licensing, and management policy.
Kort 425
Fråga
What clues suggest a mobile app is spoofing a legitimate one?
Svar
A mismatched publisher, unusual icon or name, excessive permissions, unexpected sign-in, or an unofficial source. Verify the real listing before entering credentials.
Kort 426
Fråga
What can unexplained renamed or missing personal files indicate?
Svar
Malware, ransomware, account misuse, sync trouble, or storage failure are possible. Isolate the scope and preserve evidence before recovery attempts.
Kort 427
Fråga
What evidence helps separate thermal shutdowns from power failures?
Svar
Review temperatures, fan operation, vents, power events, and whether the failure follows load. Test one likely cause at a time.
Kort 428
Fråga
Where should you start with a generally slow phone or tablet?
Svar
Check free storage, active downloads, background apps, battery condition, and pending updates. Restart before considering a reset.
Kort 429
Fråga
What should unexplained high mobile network traffic make you inspect?
Svar
Inspect per-app data use, recent installations, cloud sync, hotspots, and management alerts. Isolate the device if malicious traffic is plausible.
Kort 430
Fråga
What does sudden inability to open many files suggest checking?
Svar
Check extensions, ransom notes, permissions, storage health, and backup status. Widespread encryption may indicate ransomware.
Kort 431
Fråga
What should you inspect when a Windows service will not start?
Svar
Check its startup type, dependencies, logon account, permissions, and Event Viewer message. Fix the recorded cause rather than repeatedly forcing a start.
Kort 432
Fråga
A mobile OS update downloads but fails verification or installation. What should you try before resetting the device?
Svar
Record the exact error and check free storage first. Then use the OS vendor's supported controls to remove the incomplete update and download a fresh copy with reliable power and a stable network connection; use recovery only if the normal updater still fails.
Kort 433
Fråga
How can security trouble cause degraded mobile response time?
Svar
A malicious or unwanted app may consume CPU, storage, or network resources. Compare resource use with recent apps before removing anything.
Kort 434
Fråga
Where should you investigate unwanted Windows notifications?
Svar
Check notification settings, browser site permissions, startup apps, and recently installed software. Remove the source rather than only muting the symptom.
Kort 435
Fråga
How should you isolate an application that keeps crashing?
Svar
Confirm the scope, reproduce it, check logs, update the app, and test its plug-ins or profile. Reinstall only after preserving needed settings and data.
Kort 436
Fråga
How do you find the likely cause of sudden mobile battery drain?
Svar
Review battery usage by app and system feature, then compare with recent updates, signal conditions, screen use, and battery health.
Kort 437
Fråga
What should you check after an unexpected mobile data-limit notification?
Svar
Review per-app usage and the billing period, then inspect background sync, hotspot use, updates, and unknown apps.
Kort 438
Fråga
Why can repeated OS update failures be a security clue?
Svar
Malware may block updates, though storage, network, or service faults are also common. Investigate the exact error and other symptoms before deciding.
Kort 439
Fråga
What should a low-memory warning lead you to inspect?
Svar
Inspect memory pressure, runaway processes, page-file health, and workload requirements. Closing one app may help briefly but does not explain repeated warnings.
Kort 440
Fråga
What is a useful first isolation step for random mobile reboots?
Svar
Remove or disable the most recent app or configuration change, update the OS, and check storage and temperature. Back up before a reset.
Kort 441
Fråga
What security setting can cause limited mobile internet access even with a good signal?
Svar
A bad VPN, proxy, DNS, content-filtering, or management profile can restrict traffic. Compare the configuration with approved policy.
Kort 442
Fråga
What is a useful first check for random browser pop-ups?
Svar
Inspect site-notification permissions, extensions, startup pages, and recently installed software. Do not click inside the pop-up.
Kort 443
Fråga
What is a sensible first response to a USB controller resource warning?
Svar
Disconnect nonessential USB devices, remove unpowered hubs, and check Device Manager. Then update the controller or chipset driver if the evidence supports it.
Kort 444
Fråga
What is the normal first fix for a Bluetooth pairing problem?
Svar
Confirm both devices are discoverable and compatible, then forget the old pairing and pair again. Check distance, battery, and interference.
Kort 445
Fråga
What should you do if normal connectivity checks pass but a phone still has no internet after a suspicious app install?
Svar
Isolate the phone, remove or quarantine the suspicious app through the approved process, and inspect VPN, proxy, DNS, and profile changes.
Kort 446
Fråga
When does a browser certificate warning point to more than a bad website?
Svar
Warnings across several known-good sites can indicate wrong system time, interception, a proxy, or a trust-store problem. Compare on a trusted network and device.
Kort 447
Fråga
What should you do when instability begins right after a driver update?
Svar
Roll back or replace that driver with a known-good supported version. Confirm stability before changing another component.
Kort 448
Fråga
What should you check when one phone cannot join a known Wi-Fi network?
Svar
Confirm the network and password, toggle Wi-Fi, forget and rejoin the network, then compare with another device before resetting network settings.
Kort 449
Fråga
What commonly causes a sudden flood of ads across a mobile device?
Svar
Adware or a PUP is likely, especially after a recent install. Identify the responsible app instead of tapping the ads.
Kort 450
Fråga
What settings should you inspect when browser searches redirect unexpectedly?
Svar
Inspect the default search provider, home page, extensions, proxy, DNS, and hosts file. Record unauthorized changes before correcting them.
Kort 451
Fråga
How can you test whether a slow Windows sign-in is tied to one user profile?
Svar
Sign in with a known-good local profile and compare. Then inspect profile corruption, startup items, scripts, and redirected resources.
Kort 452
Fråga
What should you check when NFC works only intermittently?
Svar
Confirm NFC is enabled, unlock the device if required, align the NFC areas closely, and remove a case that may block the signal.
Kort 453
Fråga
How should you respond to a mobile pop-up claiming the device is infected?
Svar
Treat it as a likely fake security warning. Do not tap its button; close the source, inspect recent apps or browser data, and scan with approved tools.
Kort 454
Fråga
What should you compare when mobile data fails but Wi-Fi works?
Svar
Check airplane mode, cellular enablement, signal, data limits, SIM or eSIM state, carrier settings, and any provider outage.
Kort 455
Fråga
What is the priority when personal files appear to have leaked from a mobile device?
Svar
Contain the device and affected accounts, preserve relevant evidence, and follow the incident process. Revoke exposed sessions or credentials from a trusted device.
Kort 456
Fråga
Why might a mobile screen refuse to rotate?
Svar
Rotation lock may be enabled, the app may not support that orientation, or a motion sensor may be stuck. Check the setting before hardware diagnosis.
Kort 457
Fråga
What can unexpected mobile actions, permission prompts, or settings changes indicate?
Svar
An unauthorized or compromised app may be acting on the device. Review recent installs, permissions, profiles, and account activity.
Kort 458
Fråga
What makes a browser extension suspicious?
Svar
An unknown publisher, broad permissions, forced installation, hidden controls, or behavior unrelated to its stated job. Remove it through policy and inspect related changes.
Kort 459
Fråga
What should you verify when a Windows update repeatedly fails?
Svar
Check free space, restart state, network access, update history, and the specific error. Apply the vendor's targeted repair steps for that code.
Kort 460
Fråga
When should you reset a mobile device during troubleshooting?
Svar
Reset only after narrower fixes fail and a current backup exists. Confirm account credentials and management enrollment needed for recovery.
Kort 461
Fråga
What causes system time to drift repeatedly after shutdown?
Svar
A failing CMOS battery is one possibility; a bad time source or synchronization setting is another. Check when the drift occurs before replacing anything.
Kort 462
Fråga
What PC settings can malware alter to reroute traffic?
Svar
Proxy, DNS, browser, and hosts-file settings are common targets. Compare them with the approved network configuration.
Kort 463
Fråga
How can a clean boot help with a Windows startup problem?
Svar
It starts Windows with a reduced set of nonessential services and startup items. Re-enable items in groups to identify the conflict.
Kort 464
Fråga
How should you troubleshoot a browser that has become much slower than the rest of the PC?
Svar
Test without unneeded extensions, clear only appropriate cache data, check browser tasks, and compare a clean profile. Scan if the behavior is suspicious.
Kort 465
Fråga
What is the safest next step when several mobile security symptoms appear together?
Svar
Disconnect or contain the device, document the symptoms, and escalate through the approved security process. Avoid wiping evidence unless the response plan authorizes it.
Kort 466
Fråga
Which details belong at the start of a support ticket?
Svar
Record the user, device, contact method, affected service, and a clear issue description. Add the time and business impact when relevant.
Kort 467
Fråga
When is sfc /scannow a useful Windows repair step?
Svar
Use it when protected system files may be damaged. Run it elevated and follow the result instead of assuming it fixes every boot or application fault.
Kort 468
Fråga
What should you do before running a repair that may change a failing Windows disk?
Svar
Protect recoverable data first, then check drive health and file-system evidence. A repair tool is not a substitute for replacing failing storage.
Kort 469
Fråga
What is the right overall response to convincing PC security symptoms?
Svar
Contain the system, document evidence, follow the malware or incident procedure, and restore trust with approved tools or a known-good image.
Kort 470
Fråga
What does a full backup contain?
Svar
A full backup copies all selected data in that backup set. It is simple to restore but usually takes the most time and space to create.
Kort 471
Fråga
Where should a technician look for handling and disposal guidance for a chemical product?
Svar
Use its current Safety Data Sheet and local policy. Follow the listed protective, spill, storage, and disposal instructions.
Kort 472
Fråga
What should a change request state before technical planning begins?
Svar
State the purpose, scope, change type, affected systems, owner, and desired date. A clear request makes impact and approval review possible.
Kort 473
Fråga
What does active listening look like in a support conversation?
Svar
Let the customer finish, ask focused questions, and restate the problem to confirm understanding. Avoid interrupting or jumping to a diagnosis.
Kort 474
Fråga
What does chain of custody record during an incident?
Svar
It records who collected, handled, transferred, stored, and accessed evidence, with dates and purpose. This supports integrity and accountability.
Kort 475
Fråga
What makes a ticket issue description useful to another technician?
Svar
It states expected and actual behavior, exact symptoms, scope, timing, and reproducible steps without guesses presented as facts.
Kort 476
Fråga
What does an incremental backup copy?
Svar
It copies data changed since the most recent backup of any type. Backup runs are small, but recovery may need the last full plus every later incremental.
Kort 477
Fråga
How should a technician respond to an angry customer?
Svar
Stay calm, acknowledge the impact, clarify the facts, and explain realistic next steps. Do not argue, blame, or dismiss the concern.
Kort 478
Fråga
Why does order of volatility matter when collecting incident evidence?
Svar
More temporary data can disappear first. Follow the response plan to capture volatile information before less volatile storage when authorized.
Kort 479
Fråga
Which script type is native to traditional Windows batch command processing?
Svar
A .bat file. VBScript uses .vbs for older Windows automation; review either script before running it with elevated rights.
Kort 480
Fråga
How do ventilation and dust control affect equipment reliability?
Svar
Clear airflow removes heat; controlled dust cleanup prevents blocked vents and conductive buildup. Use equipment-safe compressed air or vacuums.
Kort 481
Fråga
How should severity and escalation be recorded?
Svar
Tie severity to impact and urgency, then use the defined escalation level. Do not inflate it just to move the ticket faster.
Kort 482
Fråga
Why create a forensic copy instead of investigating the original drive directly?
Svar
A verified copy preserves the original evidence and lets analysis proceed with less risk of alteration. Follow authorization and incident policy.
Kort 483
Fråga
When is RDP a suitable remote-access choice?
Svar
Use RDP for an authorized Windows desktop session over a protected path. Limit exposed services, require strong authentication, and follow session policy.
Kort 484
Fråga
How should an ESD strap be used during internal PC work?
Svar
Attach it to an approved ground point while working on powered-down equipment. Pair it with an ESD-safe work surface when available.
Kort 485
Fråga
What protection does a UPS add beyond a surge suppressor?
Svar
A UPS provides temporary battery power and usually power conditioning, giving equipment time to ride through a brief outage or shut down safely.
Kort 486
Fråga
What should progress and resolution notes contain?
Svar
Record tests, results, changes, timestamps, and the confirmed outcome. Another technician should be able to continue without repeating work.
Kort 487
Fråga
Which data categories usually require stricter handling and retention rules?
Svar
Payment data, government identifiers, personally identifiable information, and healthcare data. Apply the relevant law, contract, and business policy.
Kort 488
Fråga
Which support tasks can AI assist without making the final decision?
Svar
AI can help summarize tickets, draft user instructions, search approved knowledge, or suggest diagnostic paths. A technician must verify the result.
Kort 489
Fråga
What is the first electrical-safety step before repairing a PC?
Svar
Shut it down and disconnect power. Follow the device's service procedure because some components can retain hazardous energy.
Kort 490
Fråga
How do SSH and VNC differ for remote support?
Svar
SSH provides an encrypted command-line session; VNC shares a graphical desktop and needs its own secure transport and authentication configuration.
Kort 491
Fråga
How should a technician set expectations for a repair?
Svar
Give a realistic timeline, explain options and dependencies, and send status updates when the estimate changes.
Kort 492
Fråga
Which script type gives Windows administrators structured access to system management?
Svar
A PowerShell .ps1 script. Execution policy is not a malware boundary, so verify the source, signature, and contents.
Kort 493
Fråga
What does a differential backup copy?
Svar
It copies data changed since the last full backup. Recovery normally needs the last full and the latest differential.
Kort 494
Fråga
Why do change plans need both a backup plan and a rollback plan?
Svar
The backup protects data; the rollback returns the service to its prior state if the change fails. Define triggers and responsible staff before implementation.
Kort 495
Fråga
How should loose components be handled and stored?
Svar
Hold boards by the edges, avoid contacts, and place them in antistatic packaging on an ESD-safe surface.
Kort 496
Fråga
Why monitor both temperature and humidity in an equipment room?
Svar
Excess heat shortens component life; very low humidity raises static risk, while high humidity can cause condensation or corrosion.
Kort 497
Fråga
What is a synthetic full backup?
Svar
It combines a previous full backup with later backup data to create a new full on the backup system. The source does not need to resend every file.
Kort 498
Fråga
How do an asset tag and a CMDB serve different support needs?
Svar
The asset tag identifies the physical item; the CMDB records its configuration and relationships. Keep assignment, warranty, and licensing data current.
Kort 499
Fråga
What should a technician verify before installing licensed software?
Svar
Verify a valid license, permitted user or device scope, and any EULA or DRM limits. Personal, corporate, perpetual, and open-source licenses grant different rights.
Kort 500
Fråga
Which script type is commonly used for shell automation on Linux and macOS?
Svar
A .sh shell script. Its interpreter, permissions, quoting, and environment determine how it runs.
Kort 501
Fråga
How do GFS rotation and the 3-2-1 backup rule differ?
Svar
GFS rotates daily, weekly, and monthly backup generations. The 3-2-1 rule keeps three copies on two different media/storage types, with one copy offsite. GFS organizes retention over time; 3-2-1 spreads copies across storage locations and failure modes.
Kort 502
Fråga
Which personal protective steps matter for lifting or dusty repair work?
Svar
Use safe lifting technique and get help for heavy equipment; wear approved eye or breathing protection when the task creates those hazards.
Kort 503
Fråga
What does a VPN add to a remote-management session?
Svar
It creates an encrypted network path to private resources. The remote tool still needs secure configuration, authentication, and least-privilege access.
Kort 504
Fråga
What policy questions should come before using AI at work?
Svar
Check approved tools, allowed data, required disclosure, ownership rules, and whether the task permits AI assistance. Do not assume a public tool is approved.
Kort 505
Fråga
Why should a technician avoid jargon when speaking with a customer?
Svar
Plain language helps the customer understand choices and give informed answers. Use a technical term only when it adds clarity, then explain it.
Kort 506
Fråga
What is the value of sandbox testing and peer review before a change?
Svar
They expose technical mistakes and unexpected impact away from production. Record results and remaining risk.
Kort 507
Fråga
What are practical entry-level uses for scripts in support work?
Svar
Scripts can collect information, remap drives, install approved apps, start updates, restart systems, or run backups consistently. Python .py and JavaScript .js files are common choices when the environment supports them.
Kort 508
Fråga
What is the benefit and main risk of an RMM platform?
Svar
RMM can monitor and manage many endpoints centrally; compromise or misuse can reach many endpoints too. Protect the console with strong access controls, logging, and updates.
Kort 509
Fråga
How should a technician handle a confident AI answer?
Svar
Verify it against trusted evidence. AI can hallucinate, carry bias, miss context, or present outdated information fluently.
Kort 510
Fråga
How do surges, brownouts, and blackouts differ?
Svar
A surge is excess voltage, a brownout is reduced voltage, and a blackout is a loss of power. Match surge protection and UPS capacity to the equipment.
Kort 511
Fråga
What must you review before running an unfamiliar support script?
Svar
Review its source, inputs, privileges, target systems, resource use, network actions, error handling, and rollback. A script can spread malware or change many systems quickly.
Kort 512
Fråga
How do an NDA and an acceptable use policy serve different purposes?
Svar
An NDA restricts disclosure of protected information; an AUP defines permitted use of systems and data. Follow both along with incident and compliance rules.
Kort 513
Fråga
When should a normal change wait even if the technical work is ready?
Svar
Wait for required approval and an allowed maintenance window. Respect change freezes unless the approved emergency process applies.
Kort 514
Fråga
Which support document should guide a repeatable task with an agreed method?
Svar
Use the relevant SOP or checklist. Consult the SLA for service commitments and the knowledge base for reusable diagnosis or resolution guidance.
Kort 515
Fråga
What should a technician do if arriving late is unavoidable?
Svar
Contact the customer promptly, give an honest revised time, and keep the new commitment. Document service provided and follow up as promised.
Kort 516
Fråga
What safety problems does good cable management prevent?
Svar
It reduces trip hazards, blocked airflow, connector strain, and accidental disconnection. Keep cables clear of heat and emergency access.
Kort 517
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How do you know a backup is usable?
Svar
Test restores on a defined schedule. Verify data integrity and practice both overwrite recovery and recovery to an alternative location.
Kort 518
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What closes a well-managed change?
Svar
Verify the implementation, obtain required user acceptance, update documentation, and review the outcome. Trigger rollback if the defined failure criteria occur.
Kort 519
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How should a technician handle private material visible on a customer's device?
Svar
View only what the task requires, avoid copying or discussing it, and follow privacy policy. Maintain professional appearance and conduct in the customer's environment.
Kort 520
Fråga
What data boundary applies when prompting a public AI service?
Svar
Never send credentials or secrets to a public AI service. Keep private customer data, regulated data, proprietary code, and incident evidence out as well. An approved enterprise AI service is a separate case: use it only under the organization's data policy and contractual controls, and still never paste credentials or secrets.

A generic laptop and computer repair tools arranged on a dark technical workbench with abstract network lights.

520 kort

CompTIA A+ 220-1201 & 220-1202 Flashcards: Core 1 and Core 2

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CompTIA A+ 220-1201 & 220-1202 Flashcards: Core 1 and Core 2

What the cards practice

Learning order

Labs and PBQs

Scope, provenance, and reuse

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