What is the safe response to a swollen mobile-device battery?

Power the device off, disconnect external power, and isolate it for approved battery service. Don't charge, puncture, press, or keep using the battery.

Which RAM form factor is common in serviceable laptops?

A SO-DIMM. Match its DDR generation, capacity support, and other platform requirements before installation.

What should you confirm before replacing laptop keys or a keyboard?

Confirm the model's replaceable unit and service procedure. Some keys are individually serviceable; other designs require the keyboard or full top case.

What protects data during a laptop HDD or SSD replacement?

A verified backup and migration plan. Also match the replacement drive's interface, form factor, and supported capacity.

How should tiny antenna leads be handled during wireless-card service?

Label their positions, lift each connector straight up with the proper tool, and reconnect it to the marked terminal. Pulling the wire can damage the lead.

Which built-in laptop components commonly provide physical privacy or identity checks?

Components such as fingerprint or facial-recognition hardware and near-field credential readers. Their firmware, drivers, permissions, and enrollment must all support the feature.

Why does Wi-Fi antenna placement matter after a laptop repair?

Correct routing and terminal placement preserve signal quality. A pinched cable, loose connector, or swapped main/aux lead can weaken wireless performance.

A replacement laptop camera has no image. What should you check before replacing it again?

Check its internal cable, privacy shutter or switch, firmware detection, driver, and app permission. A hardware replacement won't fix a blocked camera setting.

A built-in mobile-device microphone is silent. What should you check first?

Check the selected input, mute state, app permission, and microphone opening. Then inspect the internal connection if every app fails.

Why disconnect the internal battery before replacing laptop RAM, storage, or a display assembly?

To remove standby power from the board and reduce short-circuit risk. Follow the model's shutdown and battery-disconnection procedure.

What should guide any field replacement inside a thin mobile device?

The manufacturer's service instructions, warranty terms, and ESD precautions. Adhesives, hidden cables, and replaceable assemblies vary by model.

How do USB-C, microUSB, and miniUSB differ?

They are different connector shapes. USB-C is reversible; microUSB and miniUSB are older keyed designs, and none of the shapes alone guarantees a data speed.

What can a laptop docking station add through one host connection?

Power, displays, networking, storage, and peripheral ports. The host, dock, cable, and software must support the promised features.

What must match for a stylus to support pressure or precision input?

The stylus technology and the device's digitizer. A generic capacitive stylus may act like a finger but can't add unsupported active-pen features.

Which connector is associated with many older Apple mobile devices?

Lightning. Match the cable to the actual model because newer Apple devices may use USB-C.

How do a headset, external speaker, and webcam extend a mobile workstation?

A headset adds private audio input/output, a speaker adds room audio, and a webcam adds video input. Select each one in the app after connecting it.

How do a trackpad, drawing pad, and trackpoint differ?

A trackpad senses finger gestures, a drawing pad captures pen input, and a trackpoint moves the pointer from a small keyboard-mounted stick.

What is NFC commonly used for on a mobile device?

Very short-range exchanges such as tap-to-pay, credential reading, or quick pairing. Its short working distance supports deliberate tap-style use.

How is a port replicator different from a full docking station?

A port replicator mainly exposes additional connectors; a dock commonly adds broader capabilities such as charging, displays, or networking. Verify the product's actual feature list.

Which connection is the usual choice for nearby mobile headsets and keyboards?

Bluetooth. It provides short-range wireless accessory links with relatively low power use.

What does mobile tethering or hotspot mode do?

It shares the device's internet connection with another client, commonly over Wi-Fi, USB, or Bluetooth. The carrier plan may limit tethering or data use.

How do 3G, 4G, and 5G relate on a mobile device?

They are cellular network generations. Newer generations can offer more capacity or lower latency, but the device, SIM or eSIM, plan, coverage, and local network determine service.

What is the practical difference between a SIM and an eSIM?

A SIM is a removable identity module; an eSIM stores a carrier profile in embedded hardware. Both associate the device with cellular service.

What sequence pairs a Bluetooth accessory safely?

Enable Bluetooth, put the accessory in pairing mode, select the intended device, confirm any PIN or code, and test the connection.

How do GPS and cellular location services complement each other?

GPS derives position from satellites, while cellular and nearby-network data can speed or assist location. App permission and device settings control access.

Which radios should you check when a phone has neither local Wi-Fi nor wide-area data?

Check Wi-Fi and cellular data separately, along with airplane mode. One radio can be disabled while the other remains available.

What should you verify when adding mail to a mobile device?

Verify the account, credentials, incoming and outgoing server settings, security method, and network access. A correct password can't repair a wrong server setting.

A phone can browse on Wi-Fi but not through its hotspot. What should you check?

Check that hotspot service is enabled, cellular data works, the plan permits tethering, and the client has the correct hotspot password.

How should you test a newly configured mobile connection?

Test the intended path and service: join the correct network or carrier, verify addressing or signal, then open the required app or destination.

What does mobile device management provide?

Central enrollment, device configuration, policy enforcement, corporate-app deployment, inventory, and approved remote actions.

How do corporate-owned and BYOD management profiles usually differ?

Corporate-owned devices normally allow broader organizational control; BYOD profiles should isolate managed work data and respect the user's personal data under policy.

What should be checked when calendar, contacts, or business mail stops synchronizing?

Check connectivity, account sign-in, sync scope, device time, storage, and service status before removing the account.

Why do data caps matter to mobile synchronization?

Large mail, cloud-storage, or app sync jobs can consume metered cellular data. Choose what syncs and whether Wi-Fi is required.

When is an MDM remote wipe appropriate?

When policy authorizes removal of protected data from a lost, stolen, retired, or reassigned device. Confirm the exact device and wipe scope first.

What is the point of separating corporate apps and data on a personal phone?

It lets the organization enforce work controls and remove managed data without treating the user's whole device as corporate property.

How do TCP and UDP differ?

TCP provides connection-oriented, ordered, acknowledged delivery; UDP sends low-overhead datagrams without built-in ordering or retransmission.

Which ports are associated with classic FTP?

TCP 21 carries control traffic, and TCP 20 is the traditional active-mode data port. FTP doesn't encrypt credentials or content by itself.

Which default port does SSH use, and what does it provide?

TCP 22. SSH provides encrypted remote command-line access and related secure services.

Which default port is traditionally used for SMTP server-to-server relay?

TCP 25. Mail clients commonly submit outgoing mail through a separate authenticated service.

Which port does DNS use?

Port 53: usually UDP for ordinary queries and TCP when the response or operation requires it.

Which ports carry DHCP client and server traffic?

UDP 68 for the client and UDP 67 for the server. A new client can broadcast before it has an address.

Which ports distinguish HTTP from HTTPS?

HTTP normally uses TCP 80; HTTPS normally uses TCP 443 and protects the session with TLS.

Which default port does POP3 use without TLS?

TCP 110. POP3 commonly downloads messages rather than synchronizing server-side folders like IMAP.

Which ports are associated with NetBIOS over TCP/IP?

Ports 137–139. Name service commonly uses 137, datagram service 138, and session service TCP 139.

Which default port does LDAP use?

Port 389, commonly TCP. LDAP provides directory queries and updates; protect credentials with an approved secure configuration.

Which default port does SMB/CIFS commonly use?

TCP 445. SMB commonly carries file and printer sharing.

Which default port does RDP use?

TCP 3389. RDP provides remote graphical access to a Windows system.

Which default port does Telnet use, and why is it avoided on untrusted networks?

TCP 23. Telnet sends remote-terminal traffic without SSH's encryption.

Which default port does IMAP use without TLS?

TCP 143. IMAP keeps mailbox state and folders synchronized on the server.

How do common 802.11 families map to Wi-Fi bands?

802.11b/g use 2.4 GHz; 802.11a/ac use 5 GHz; 802.11n can use 2.4 or 5 GHz; 802.11ax can use 2.4 or 5 GHz, with Wi-Fi 6E extending it to 6 GHz.

What is the tradeoff when selecting a wider Wi-Fi channel?

A wider channel can carry more data but occupies more spectrum and may overlap more neighbors. Use a width that clients, regulations, and local conditions support.

CompTIA A+ 220-1201 & 220-1202 Flashcards: Core 1 and Core 2

Review current CompTIA A+ V15 Core 1 and Core 2 objectives with original flashcards for hardware, networking, operating systems, security, commands, and troubleshooting.

Door Open Study Contributor

Over dit deck

CompTIA A+ 220-1201 & 220-1202 Flashcards: Core 1 and Core 2

Review the current V15 knowledge behind both CompTIA A+ exams in one 520-card package: 270 cards for Core 1 and 250 for Core 2. The deck covers mobile devices, networking, hardware, virtualization, cloud concepts, operating systems, security, commands, software support, operational procedures, and troubleshooting.

What the cards practice

The cards connect technologies, components, protocols, commands, and common acronyms with their purposes and key behavior. Separate retrieval prompts also work in the useful opposite direction: a technician task or requirement points to the right tool, setting, command, connector, or protocol. Short support scenarios ask for a likely cause, the first useful check, or the next corrective action. Ordered workflows are practiced only when the order matters on the job.

The deck does not mechanically reverse every fact or turn every source bullet into a card. It leaves out low-value acronym production, giant list prompts, unstable click paths, advanced material beyond the V15 entry-level boundary, and near-duplicate wording made only to increase the count.

Learning order

Core 1 starts with mobile hardware and connections, then builds through networking, physical hardware, virtualization, and cloud concepts before applying them to hardware and network troubleshooting. Core 2 moves from operating-system foundations into tools, commands, configuration, security, software troubleshooting, and day-to-day support operations. Inside each topic, recognition comes before selection and short diagnosis. Related forward and reverse cards are kept apart so one prompt does not give away the next.

Labs and PBQs

Flashcards are useful for recall and compact scenario decisions. They do not reproduce hands-on labs, performance-based questions, live command output, or the pressure and ambiguity of the certification exams. Use a real machine, lab environment, and lawful practice tests alongside this deck for installation, configuration, repair, and PBQ-style work.

Scope, provenance, and reuse

The live CompTIA Core 1 and Core 2 V15 pages and the current version 4.0 objective PDFs were reviewed on September 1, 2026. Both PDFs were last modified on November 25, 2025. They were used only to check the exam version, domain boundaries, weighting, and technical scope. Common technical facts are explained in original language and organized for retrieval practice. Public overview pages from three study tools were compared only for structure and learner expectations; their cards, questions, examples, explanations, and course text were not drafting input.

The Common knowledge · CC0 1.0 label applies to the deck’s original prompts, answers, organization, metadata, and generated cover to the extent applicable rights exist. It does not claim ownership of technical facts, CompTIA names, or third-party source material.

This deck is independently authored and unofficial. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by CompTIA, Inc., and it uses no CompTIA logo or official trade dress.

No CompTIA exam questions, answers, performance-based questions, mark schemes, or objective wording were copied.

Current official requirements: Core 1 V15 (220-1201), Core 1 objectives PDF, Core 2 V15 (220-1202), and Core 2 objectives PDF.

Kaarten in dit deck

Kaart 1
Vraag
What is the safe response to a swollen mobile-device battery?
Antwoord
Power the device off, disconnect external power, and isolate it for approved battery service. Don't charge, puncture, press, or keep using the battery.
Kaart 2
Vraag
Which RAM form factor is common in serviceable laptops?
Antwoord
A SO-DIMM. Match its DDR generation, capacity support, and other platform requirements before installation.
Kaart 3
Vraag
What should you confirm before replacing laptop keys or a keyboard?
Antwoord
Confirm the model's replaceable unit and service procedure. Some keys are individually serviceable; other designs require the keyboard or full top case.
Kaart 4
Vraag
What protects data during a laptop HDD or SSD replacement?
Antwoord
A verified backup and migration plan. Also match the replacement drive's interface, form factor, and supported capacity.
Kaart 5
Vraag
How should tiny antenna leads be handled during wireless-card service?
Antwoord
Label their positions, lift each connector straight up with the proper tool, and reconnect it to the marked terminal. Pulling the wire can damage the lead.
Kaart 6
Vraag
Which built-in laptop components commonly provide physical privacy or identity checks?
Antwoord
Components such as fingerprint or facial-recognition hardware and near-field credential readers. Their firmware, drivers, permissions, and enrollment must all support the feature.
Kaart 7
Vraag
Why does Wi-Fi antenna placement matter after a laptop repair?
Antwoord
Correct routing and terminal placement preserve signal quality. A pinched cable, loose connector, or swapped main/aux lead can weaken wireless performance.
Kaart 8
Vraag
A replacement laptop camera has no image. What should you check before replacing it again?
Antwoord
Check its internal cable, privacy shutter or switch, firmware detection, driver, and app permission. A hardware replacement won't fix a blocked camera setting.
Kaart 9
Vraag
A built-in mobile-device microphone is silent. What should you check first?
Antwoord
Check the selected input, mute state, app permission, and microphone opening. Then inspect the internal connection if every app fails.
Kaart 10
Vraag
Why disconnect the internal battery before replacing laptop RAM, storage, or a display assembly?
Antwoord
To remove standby power from the board and reduce short-circuit risk. Follow the model's shutdown and battery-disconnection procedure.
Kaart 11
Vraag
What should guide any field replacement inside a thin mobile device?
Antwoord
The manufacturer's service instructions, warranty terms, and ESD precautions. Adhesives, hidden cables, and replaceable assemblies vary by model.
Kaart 12
Vraag
How do USB-C, microUSB, and miniUSB differ?
Antwoord
They are different connector shapes. USB-C is reversible; microUSB and miniUSB are older keyed designs, and none of the shapes alone guarantees a data speed.
Kaart 13
Vraag
What can a laptop docking station add through one host connection?
Antwoord
Power, displays, networking, storage, and peripheral ports. The host, dock, cable, and software must support the promised features.
Kaart 14
Vraag
What must match for a stylus to support pressure or precision input?
Antwoord
The stylus technology and the device's digitizer. A generic capacitive stylus may act like a finger but can't add unsupported active-pen features.
Kaart 15
Vraag
Which connector is associated with many older Apple mobile devices?
Antwoord
Lightning. Match the cable to the actual model because newer Apple devices may use USB-C.
Kaart 16
Vraag
How do a headset, external speaker, and webcam extend a mobile workstation?
Antwoord
A headset adds private audio input/output, a speaker adds room audio, and a webcam adds video input. Select each one in the app after connecting it.
Kaart 17
Vraag
How do a trackpad, drawing pad, and trackpoint differ?
Antwoord
A trackpad senses finger gestures, a drawing pad captures pen input, and a trackpoint moves the pointer from a small keyboard-mounted stick.
Kaart 18
Vraag
What is NFC commonly used for on a mobile device?
Antwoord
Very short-range exchanges such as tap-to-pay, credential reading, or quick pairing. Its short working distance supports deliberate tap-style use.
Kaart 19
Vraag
How is a port replicator different from a full docking station?
Antwoord
A port replicator mainly exposes additional connectors; a dock commonly adds broader capabilities such as charging, displays, or networking. Verify the product's actual feature list.
Kaart 20
Vraag
Which connection is the usual choice for nearby mobile headsets and keyboards?
Antwoord
Bluetooth. It provides short-range wireless accessory links with relatively low power use.
Kaart 21
Vraag
What does mobile tethering or hotspot mode do?
Antwoord
It shares the device's internet connection with another client, commonly over Wi-Fi, USB, or Bluetooth. The carrier plan may limit tethering or data use.
Kaart 22
Vraag
How do 3G, 4G, and 5G relate on a mobile device?
Antwoord
They are cellular network generations. Newer generations can offer more capacity or lower latency, but the device, SIM or eSIM, plan, coverage, and local network determine service.
Kaart 23
Vraag
What is the practical difference between a SIM and an eSIM?
Antwoord
A SIM is a removable identity module; an eSIM stores a carrier profile in embedded hardware. Both associate the device with cellular service.
Kaart 24
Vraag
What sequence pairs a Bluetooth accessory safely?
Antwoord
Enable Bluetooth, put the accessory in pairing mode, select the intended device, confirm any PIN or code, and test the connection.
Kaart 25
Vraag
How do GPS and cellular location services complement each other?
Antwoord
GPS derives position from satellites, while cellular and nearby-network data can speed or assist location. App permission and device settings control access.
Kaart 26
Vraag
Which radios should you check when a phone has neither local Wi-Fi nor wide-area data?
Antwoord
Check Wi-Fi and cellular data separately, along with airplane mode. One radio can be disabled while the other remains available.
Kaart 27
Vraag
What should you verify when adding mail to a mobile device?
Antwoord
Verify the account, credentials, incoming and outgoing server settings, security method, and network access. A correct password can't repair a wrong server setting.
Kaart 28
Vraag
A phone can browse on Wi-Fi but not through its hotspot. What should you check?
Antwoord
Check that hotspot service is enabled, cellular data works, the plan permits tethering, and the client has the correct hotspot password.
Kaart 29
Vraag
How should you test a newly configured mobile connection?
Antwoord
Test the intended path and service: join the correct network or carrier, verify addressing or signal, then open the required app or destination.
Kaart 30
Vraag
What does mobile device management provide?
Antwoord
Central enrollment, device configuration, policy enforcement, corporate-app deployment, inventory, and approved remote actions.
Kaart 31
Vraag
How do corporate-owned and BYOD management profiles usually differ?
Antwoord
Corporate-owned devices normally allow broader organizational control; BYOD profiles should isolate managed work data and respect the user's personal data under policy.
Kaart 32
Vraag
What should be checked when calendar, contacts, or business mail stops synchronizing?
Antwoord
Check connectivity, account sign-in, sync scope, device time, storage, and service status before removing the account.
Kaart 33
Vraag
Why do data caps matter to mobile synchronization?
Antwoord
Large mail, cloud-storage, or app sync jobs can consume metered cellular data. Choose what syncs and whether Wi-Fi is required.
Kaart 34
Vraag
When is an MDM remote wipe appropriate?
Antwoord
When policy authorizes removal of protected data from a lost, stolen, retired, or reassigned device. Confirm the exact device and wipe scope first.
Kaart 35
Vraag
What is the point of separating corporate apps and data on a personal phone?
Antwoord
It lets the organization enforce work controls and remove managed data without treating the user's whole device as corporate property.
Kaart 36
Vraag
How do TCP and UDP differ?
Antwoord
TCP provides connection-oriented, ordered, acknowledged delivery; UDP sends low-overhead datagrams without built-in ordering or retransmission.
Kaart 37
Vraag
Which ports are associated with classic FTP?
Antwoord
TCP 21 carries control traffic, and TCP 20 is the traditional active-mode data port. FTP doesn't encrypt credentials or content by itself.
Kaart 38
Vraag
Which default port does SSH use, and what does it provide?
Antwoord
TCP 22. SSH provides encrypted remote command-line access and related secure services.
Kaart 39
Vraag
Which default port is traditionally used for SMTP server-to-server relay?
Antwoord
TCP 25. Mail clients commonly submit outgoing mail through a separate authenticated service.
Kaart 40
Vraag
Which port does DNS use?
Antwoord
Port 53: usually UDP for ordinary queries and TCP when the response or operation requires it.
Kaart 41
Vraag
Which ports carry DHCP client and server traffic?
Antwoord
UDP 68 for the client and UDP 67 for the server. A new client can broadcast before it has an address.
Kaart 42
Vraag
Which ports distinguish HTTP from HTTPS?
Antwoord
HTTP normally uses TCP 80; HTTPS normally uses TCP 443 and protects the session with TLS.
Kaart 43
Vraag
Which default port does POP3 use without TLS?
Antwoord
TCP 110. POP3 commonly downloads messages rather than synchronizing server-side folders like IMAP.
Kaart 44
Vraag
Which ports are associated with NetBIOS over TCP/IP?
Antwoord
Ports 137–139. Name service commonly uses 137, datagram service 138, and session service TCP 139.
Kaart 45
Vraag
Which default port does LDAP use?
Antwoord
Port 389, commonly TCP. LDAP provides directory queries and updates; protect credentials with an approved secure configuration.
Kaart 46
Vraag
Which default port does SMB/CIFS commonly use?
Antwoord
TCP 445. SMB commonly carries file and printer sharing.
Kaart 47
Vraag
Which default port does RDP use?
Antwoord
TCP 3389. RDP provides remote graphical access to a Windows system.
Kaart 48
Vraag
Which default port does Telnet use, and why is it avoided on untrusted networks?
Antwoord
TCP 23. Telnet sends remote-terminal traffic without SSH's encryption.
Kaart 49
Vraag
Which default port does IMAP use without TLS?
Antwoord
TCP 143. IMAP keeps mailbox state and folders synchronized on the server.
Kaart 50
Vraag
How do common 802.11 families map to Wi-Fi bands?
Antwoord
802.11b/g use 2.4 GHz; 802.11a/ac use 5 GHz; 802.11n can use 2.4 or 5 GHz; 802.11ax can use 2.4 or 5 GHz, with Wi-Fi 6E extending it to 6 GHz.
Kaart 51
Vraag
What is the tradeoff when selecting a wider Wi-Fi channel?
Antwoord
A wider channel can carry more data but occupies more spectrum and may overlap more neighbors. Use a width that clients, regulations, and local conditions support.
Kaart 52
Vraag
What networking role does Bluetooth fill?
Antwoord
Short-range personal-area links for accessories and nearby devices. It trades range and throughput for convenience and relatively low power use.
Kaart 53
Vraag
How do the 2.4, 5, and 6 GHz Wi-Fi bands generally differ?
Antwoord
2.4 GHz usually reaches farther but is crowded; 5 GHz offers more capacity with less wall penetration; 6 GHz adds clean spectrum for compatible devices but typically has the shortest reach.
Kaart 54
Vraag
How does NFC differ from general-purpose Wi-Fi?
Antwoord
NFC handles deliberate, very short-range exchanges; Wi-Fi provides a longer-range network connection with much higher throughput.
Kaart 55
Vraag
What should guide Wi-Fi channel selection?
Antwoord
Local regulations, a spectrum or Wi-Fi survey, channel width, band support, interference, and neighboring use. Choose from measured conditions, then retest where users work.
Kaart 56
Vraag
What is RFID used for?
Antwoord
Identifying or tracking tagged objects by radio. Readers can work with passive or powered tags at ranges set by the RFID system.
Kaart 57
Vraag
What distinguishes Wi-Fi 6E from ordinary Wi-Fi 6 operation?
Antwoord
Wi-Fi 6E permits compatible 802.11ax devices to use the 6 GHz band. Both the client and access point must support that band.
Kaart 58
Vraag
How do DNS and DHCP server roles differ?
Antwoord
DNS resolves names to records; DHCP leases IP configuration such as an address, mask, gateway, and DNS servers.
Kaart 59
Vraag
How do file and print servers centralize shared resources?
Antwoord
A file server hosts shared data and permissions; a print server manages printer queues, drivers, and access.
Kaart 60
Vraag
How do mail and web servers differ?
Antwoord
A mail server transfers or stores messages; a web server returns site or application content over HTTP or HTTPS.
Kaart 61
Vraag
Why would a network use both syslog and NTP servers?
Antwoord
Syslog centralizes event messages, while NTP aligns device clocks so those events have comparable timestamps.
Kaart 62
Vraag
How do AAA and database servers differ?
Antwoord
An AAA server handles authentication, authorization, and accounting; a database server stores and queries structured application data.
Kaart 63
Vraag
How do a spam gateway and a proxy serve different traffic?
Antwoord
A spam gateway filters mail flow; a proxy relays client requests and may enforce filtering, logging, or caching for supported services.
Kaart 64
Vraag
How do a UTM appliance and a load balancer differ?
Antwoord
A UTM combines gateway security controls; a load balancer distributes requests across service instances for capacity or availability.
Kaart 65
Vraag
Why do legacy and embedded network systems need cautious support planning?
Antwoord
They may have fixed software, limited interfaces, or long service lives. Isolate them, preserve required compatibility, and change them only within vendor and operational constraints.
Kaart 66
Vraag
What does SCADA monitor or control?
Antwoord
Industrial processes and equipment. Availability and physical safety requirements belong in every support decision.
Kaart 67
Vraag
Why are IoT devices often placed on a separate network?
Antwoord
Segmentation limits what an outdated or compromised device can reach and makes its traffic easier to manage.
Kaart 68
Vraag
Match DNS A, AAAA, CNAME, and MX records to their jobs.
Antwoord
A maps a hostname to IPv4, AAAA maps it to IPv6, CNAME aliases one hostname to another, and MX identifies a domain's mail exchangers.
Kaart 69
Vraag
How do a DHCP scope and exclusion differ?
Antwoord
The scope defines the address pool and options DHCP can offer; an exclusion removes selected addresses from automatic leasing.
Kaart 70
Vraag
What does a VLAN create on switched infrastructure?
Antwoord
A logical Layer 2 broadcast domain. It separates traffic without requiring a different physical switch for every segment.
Kaart 71
Vraag
What does a VPN protect?
Antwoord
Traffic across an untrusted network by creating an authenticated encrypted tunnel. Endpoint security and resource permissions still matter.
Kaart 72
Vraag
How do DNS TXT records support SPF, DKIM, and DMARC?
Antwoord
TXT records publish mail-policy data: SPF lists authorized senders, DKIM exposes keys for signature checks, and DMARC sets alignment policy and reporting.
Kaart 73
Vraag
How do a DHCP lease and reservation differ?
Antwoord
A lease is a time-limited address assignment; a reservation consistently offers a chosen address to a specific client, usually by MAC address.
Kaart 74
Vraag
How do access and trunk switch ports handle VLANs?
Antwoord
An access port normally carries one endpoint VLAN; a trunk carries tagged traffic for multiple VLANs.
Kaart 75
Vraag
When would you choose a site-to-site VPN instead of a client VPN?
Antwoord
Choose site-to-site for a persistent protected link between networks; choose a client VPN for an individual endpoint connecting remotely.
Kaart 76
Vraag
How do routers and Ethernet switches differ?
Antwoord
A router forwards packets between IP networks; a switch forwards local frames using learned MAC-address locations.
Kaart 77
Vraag
What does a wireless access point do?
Antwoord
It bridges compatible wireless clients onto a wired LAN. Routing, DHCP, and internet access may come from other devices.
Kaart 78
Vraag
What is a patch panel's role?
Antwoord
It passively terminates and organizes permanent cable runs. Patch cords connect those runs to active equipment such as switches.
Kaart 79
Vraag
What is a firewall's core job?
Antwoord
It permits or blocks traffic according to security rules. Logs help explain why expected traffic was accepted or denied.
Kaart 80
Vraag
How do managed and unmanaged switches differ?
Antwoord
A managed switch exposes configuration and monitoring such as VLANs; an unmanaged switch provides basic switching with little or no administration.
Kaart 81
Vraag
How can PoE be supplied, and what must match?
Antwoord
A PoE switch or injector can supply it. The source standard, powered device, cable, per-port state, and total power budget must be compatible.
Kaart 82
Vraag
Match cable modem, DSL modem, ONT, and NIC to their access roles.
Antwoord
Cable and DSL modems terminate coax and telephone-copper services; an ONT terminates provider fiber; a NIC connects the host and carries its physical MAC address.
Kaart 83
Vraag
How do private and public IPv4 addresses differ?
Antwoord
Private ranges are used inside networks and aren't routed on the public internet; a public address is globally routable when assigned. NAT often translates between them.
Kaart 84
Vraag
What does a 169.254.x.x IPv4 address usually indicate?
Antwoord
APIPA self-assignment after the host failed to obtain DHCP configuration. Check the link and path to DHCP.
Kaart 85
Vraag
When should a SOHO device use static rather than dynamic IP configuration?
Antwoord
Use static or reserved addressing when a predictable endpoint is required; use DHCP for ordinary clients that can accept leased settings.
Kaart 86
Vraag
What does an IPv4 subnet mask tell a host?
Antwoord
Which address bits identify the local network. The host uses it to decide whether to send directly or through a gateway.
Kaart 87
Vraag
How does IPv6 addressing differ from IPv4 addressing?
Antwoord
IPv6 uses 128-bit hexadecimal addresses; IPv4 uses 32-bit dotted-decimal addresses. Both still require correct local and routing configuration.
Kaart 88
Vraag
What does a default gateway provide?
Antwoord
The next hop for destinations outside the local subnet. It is normally the local router interface for that network.
Kaart 89
Vraag
How do fiber, cable, and DSL internet access differ?
Antwoord
Fiber carries light and offers high capacity; cable uses a shared coax access network; DSL carries broadband over telephone copper and depends strongly on line distance and quality.
Kaart 90
Vraag
How do PAN, LAN, and WLAN differ?
Antwoord
A PAN links one person's nearby devices, a LAN serves a local site, and a WLAN is the wireless form of a local-area network.
Kaart 91
Vraag
When are cellular, WISP, and satellite internet useful?
Antwoord
Cellular uses mobile coverage, a WISP uses a terrestrial provider radio link, and satellite reaches beyond many ground networks. Signal, latency, limits, and availability guide the choice.
Kaart 92
Vraag
How do MAN and WAN scopes differ?
Antwoord
A MAN links sites across a city or metropolitan area; a WAN spans larger geographic distances and joins multiple networks.
Kaart 93
Vraag
What is a storage area network?
Antwoord
A SAN is a dedicated network that presents shared block storage to servers. It is different from an ordinary user LAN or file share.
Kaart 94
Vraag
Which tools prepare and terminate a modular copper cable?
Antwoord
A cable stripper removes the jacket; a crimper attaches a compatible modular plug. Use the intended pinout, then test the cable.
Kaart 95
Vraag
How do a punchdown tool and cable tester support a permanent cable run?
Antwoord
The punchdown tool seats conductors into an IDC block; the tester checks continuity and wire-map faults after termination.
Kaart 96
Vraag
How do a toner probe and loopback plug answer different network questions?
Antwoord
A tone generator and probe identify a cable's far end; a loopback plug tests whether a port can transmit and receive through its own interface.
Kaart 97
Vraag
How do a Wi-Fi analyzer and network tap differ?
Antwoord
A Wi-Fi analyzer measures nearby wireless networks and channels; a network tap exposes a link's traffic to monitoring equipment without becoming the endpoint.
Kaart 98
Vraag
How do IPS, TN, and VA LCD panels generally differ?
Antwoord
IPS favors color consistency and viewing angles, TN favors fast response at low cost, and VA favors contrast. Actual panel quality still varies.
Kaart 99
Vraag
How do OLED and Mini-LED displays produce light?
Antwoord
OLED pixels emit their own light; Mini-LED is an LCD that uses many small backlight zones. OLED can show deep blacks, while Mini-LED can reach high brightness without organic pixels.
Kaart 100
Vraag
What does a touchscreen digitizer do?
Antwoord
It detects touch or compatible stylus position. The display creates the image; the digitizer reports input coordinates.
Kaart 101
Vraag
What does an inverter do in an older LCD backlight system?
Antwoord
It converts power for the fluorescent backlight. Modern LED-backlit panels use different driver electronics.
Kaart 102
Vraag
How do screen resolution and pixel density differ?
Antwoord
Resolution is the number of addressable pixels; pixel density is how tightly those pixels fit in a physical area. Both affect perceived detail.
Kaart 103
Vraag
What do refresh rate and color gamut describe?
Antwoord
Refresh rate is how often the image can update each second; color gamut is the range of colors the display can reproduce.
Kaart 104
Vraag
How do Cat 5e, Cat 6, and Cat 6A Ethernet cable capabilities compare?
Antwoord
Cat 5e commonly supports 1 Gb/s to 100 m; Cat 6 improves noise performance and can support 10 Gb/s on shorter runs; Cat 6A is designed for 10 Gb/s to 100 m.
Kaart 105
Vraag
How do HDMI and DisplayPort fit typical display setups?
Antwoord
Both carry digital video and audio. HDMI is common on TVs and consumer equipment; DisplayPort is common on PCs and monitors, with features set by the negotiated versions.
Kaart 106
Vraag
What is the practical difference between T568A and T568B terminations?
Antwoord
They place the green and orange pairs in different pin positions. Use one recognized scheme consistently at both plug and punchdown-block terminations for a normal straight-through run.
Kaart 107
Vraag
Which cable ratings suit EMI, outdoor burial, and air-handling spaces?
Antwoord
Unshielded twisted pair suits ordinary low-interference runs, shielded twisted pair helps with EMI, direct-burial cable resists outdoor moisture, and plenum-rated cable limits flame spread and smoke in plenum spaces.
Kaart 108
Vraag
Match RJ11, RJ45, and F-type connectors to common cabling.
Antwoord
RJ11 is commonly used for telephone wiring, the 8P8C connector called RJ45 for twisted-pair Ethernet, and F-type for threaded coax connections.
Kaart 109
Vraag
How do DVI and VGA differ?
Antwoord
DVI variants may carry digital video, analog video, or both; VGA carries analog video through a 15-pin D-sub connector.
Kaart 110
Vraag
How do single-mode and multimode fiber differ, and which connectors may terminate them?
Antwoord
Single-mode uses a small core for long links; multimode uses a larger core for shorter links. ST, SC, and LC are connector styles that must match the link hardware and fiber type.
Kaart 111
Vraag
What should you infer from USB 2.0, USB 3.x, microUSB, miniUSB, USB-C, and Lightning labels?
Antwoord
USB 2.0 and 3.x describe protocol capabilities. MicroUSB, miniUSB, and USB-C are USB connector families; Lightning is a separate Apple connector. Plug shape alone doesn't guarantee speed or video support.
Kaart 112
Vraag
How do SATA, eSATA, and Molex relate to storage connections?
Antwoord
SATA carries internal drive data, eSATA extends SATA to an external connector, and a Molex plug is a legacy power connector. Data and power paths are separate.
Kaart 113
Vraag
Which legacy peripheral link commonly uses a DB9 connector?
Antwoord
A serial connection such as RS-232. It sends data sequentially and is still used for some console and industrial equipment.
Kaart 114
Vraag
When does a cable adapter need active electronics?
Antwoord
When the source and destination use different signaling, not just different plug shapes. A passive adapter only changes compatible wiring; an active adapter converts the signal.
Kaart 115
Vraag
Where are DIMM and SO-DIMM modules normally used?
Antwoord
Full-size DIMMs normally fit desktop or server boards; shorter SO-DIMMs fit many laptops and compact systems.
Kaart 116
Vraag
Why doesn't every USB-C cable provide Thunderbolt or display output?
Antwoord
USB-C names the connector. Thunderbolt, USB speed, charging level, and video alternate modes require matching support from the port, cable, and device.
Kaart 117
Vraag
Can one DDR memory generation be installed in another generation's slot?
Antwoord
No. DDR generations use different electrical designs and keying, so the module must match the motherboard.
Kaart 118
Vraag
How does ECC RAM differ from non-ECC RAM?
Antwoord
ECC can detect and correct certain memory errors; non-ECC lacks that protection. The CPU and motherboard must support ECC.
Kaart 119
Vraag
What does a dual- or multi-channel memory configuration require?
Antwoord
Compatible modules installed in the motherboard's paired channel slots. The board manual identifies the correct population order.
Kaart 120
Vraag
What happens when compatible RAM modules have different rated speeds?
Antwoord
They normally operate at a mutually supported speed, often the slower module's rate. Platform and firmware limits can reduce it further.
Kaart 121
Vraag
What limits a system's usable RAM capacity?
Antwoord
The CPU memory controller, motherboard, firmware, operating system, and supported module layout. Check the platform documentation before buying modules.
Kaart 122
Vraag
How do RAID 0 and RAID 1 trade capacity for protection?
Antwoord
RAID 0 stripes data for capacity and performance but has no redundancy; RAID 1 mirrors data and can survive one member failure.
Kaart 123
Vraag
How do 2.5-inch and 3.5-inch HDDs, spindle speed, and workload affect a drive choice?
Antwoord
The bay and interface must fit the form factor; faster spindle speed can improve access but adds heat, noise, and power use. Workload and capacity still matter.
Kaart 124
Vraag
How do SATA SSDs and NVMe SSDs communicate?
Antwoord
A SATA SSD uses the SATA storage interface; an NVMe SSD uses PCIe for lower-latency flash access. The slot and firmware must support the selected signaling.
Kaart 125
Vraag
Which removable media suit portable files, camera storage, and optical archives?
Antwoord
USB flash drives suit general transfers, memory cards suit compact devices such as cameras, and optical discs require a drive that supports the disc format.
Kaart 126
Vraag
How do RAID 5 and RAID 6 differ?
Antwoord
RAID 5 needs at least three drives and tolerates one member failure; RAID 6 needs at least four and uses dual parity to tolerate two.
Kaart 127
Vraag
What distinguishes SAS from SATA storage?
Antwoord
SAS is an enterprise-oriented serial SCSI interface with features such as dual-port support; SATA is common in client storage. The drive and controller interface must match.
Kaart 128
Vraag
How do M.2 and mSATA differ?
Antwoord
M.2 is a keyed form-factor family that may carry SATA or PCIe/NVMe; mSATA is an older compact form factor that carries SATA signaling.
Kaart 129
Vraag
When is an SSD preferable to an HDD?
Antwoord
Choose an SSD for low-latency, shock-resistant storage; choose an HDD when low-cost bulk capacity matters more. Neither removes the need for backup.
Kaart 130
Vraag
How do ATX, microATX, and Mini-ITX motherboard form factors affect a build?
Antwoord
They differ in board size, mounting layout, and typical expansion capacity. The case, power supply, and required slots must fit the board.
Kaart 131
Vraag
Match common motherboard connectors to their jobs.
Antwoord
PCI and PCIe host expansion cards; SATA and eSATA carry storage data; M.2 hosts compact devices; headers connect case features; power connectors feed the board and CPU.
Kaart 132
Vraag
What does RAID 10 provide?
Antwoord
Striping across mirrored pairs, normally using at least four drives. It combines performance with redundancy, but surviving multiple failures depends on which members fail.
Kaart 133
Vraag
What must match before installing an AMD or Intel CPU?
Antwoord
The CPU socket, chipset, firmware, and thermal design must support that exact processor. Multisocket boards also require a supported processor combination.
Kaart 134
Vraag
Which UEFI settings commonly control startup and hardware access?
Antwoord
Boot order, removable-media boot, USB permissions, fan behavior, temperature monitoring, and virtualization support. Change only the setting required for the task.
Kaart 135
Vraag
How do Secure Boot, a boot password, and a firmware setup password differ?
Antwoord
Secure Boot verifies trusted boot software; a boot password challenges startup; a setup password restricts firmware changes.
Kaart 136
Vraag
How do x86, x64, and ARM CPU architectures affect compatibility?
Antwoord
They use different instruction-set families; x86 is 32-bit, x64 extends that family to 64-bit, and ARM uses a RISC design. The OS and applications need compatible builds.
Kaart 137
Vraag
What does adding CPU cores improve?
Antwoord
Parallel work when software can use the cores. Architecture, clock speed, cooling, memory, and workload still shape performance.
Kaart 138
Vraag
Match sound, video, capture, and network expansion cards to their jobs.
Antwoord
Sound cards handle audio I/O, video cards render graphics, capture cards ingest external media signals, and NICs add network connectivity.
Kaart 139
Vraag
How do a TPM and HSM support encryption differently?
Antwoord
A TPM is a system security chip for protected keys and platform measurements; an HSM is a dedicated device or service for controlled cryptographic key operations.
Kaart 140
Vraag
How do fans and heat sinks work together?
Antwoord
A heat sink spreads component heat across fins; fans move air across those fins and through the case.
Kaart 141
Vraag
Why are thermal paste or pads placed between a chip and cooler?
Antwoord
They fill microscopic gaps so heat transfers efficiently. Use the specified material and amount.
Kaart 142
Vraag
What extra components does liquid CPU cooling add to diagnosis?
Antwoord
A pump, coolant path, radiator, fans, tubing, and seals. Verify mounting, flow, airflow, and leaks.
Kaart 143
Vraag
What hardware and firmware support may a hypervisor require?
Antwoord
A compatible CPU virtualization feature enabled in UEFI, plus enough memory, storage, networking, and security controls for its guests.
Kaart 144
Vraag
What must be checked when a PSU can receive 110–120 VAC or 220–240 VAC?
Antwoord
Its input range and selector behavior. Use the local mains range and never guess with a manual voltage switch.
Kaart 145
Vraag
What do the 3.3 V, 5 V, and 12 V PSU rails typically power?
Antwoord
They supply different component circuits: 3.3 V and 5 V serve logic and peripherals, while 12 V commonly feeds CPU/GPU regulators, motors, and fans.
Kaart 146
Vraag
What does a 20+4-pin ATX connector power?
Antwoord
The motherboard's main input. The CPU normally needs a separate 4- or 8-pin EPS-style connection.
Kaart 147
Vraag
How should PSU wattage be chosen?
Antwoord
Add the system's realistic peak demand and sensible headroom, then confirm connector, rail, and quality requirements. A large wattage label alone doesn't prove suitability.
Kaart 148
Vraag
What is the advantage and main caution of a modular PSU?
Antwoord
Detachable cables reduce clutter, but only cables approved for that exact PSU should be used. Modular pinouts aren't universally interchangeable.
Kaart 149
Vraag
What does a redundant power supply provide?
Antwoord
Two or more power modules so one can fail without immediately stopping the system. Redundancy still needs correct capacity and monitoring.
Kaart 150
Vraag
Why does PSU efficiency matter?
Antwoord
Higher efficiency wastes less input power as heat at a given load. Efficiency certification doesn't replace checks for electrical quality, capacity, or connectors.
Kaart 151
Vraag
How does a laser printer create and fix an image?
Antwoord
It forms an electrostatic image, applies toner, and bonds the toner with a heated fuser. Toner, drum, transfer, and fuser parts all affect output.
Kaart 152
Vraag
What should be checked when unboxing and placing a multifunction printer?
Antwoord
Remove shipping locks, allow service clearance and ventilation, match power and network access, load supported media, and choose a stable location.
Kaart 153
Vraag
How do PCL and PostScript printer drivers differ?
Antwoord
PCL is common for fast office output and can vary by device; PostScript describes pages in a device-independent way that suits complex graphics. Use the printer's supported driver.
Kaart 154
Vraag
What should be verified when choosing USB, Ethernet, or Wi-Fi for a printer?
Antwoord
Verify the intended users, cable or signal path, addressing, security, firmware, and driver support. USB serves a local host; network links serve reachable clients.
Kaart 155
Vraag
Which parts and maintenance tasks are typical for an inkjet printer?
Antwoord
Ink cartridges, printheads, pickup rollers, and feeders. Clean or align printheads, replace approved cartridges, clear jams, and service feed parts as needed.
Kaart 156
Vraag
How do printer sharing and a print server differ?
Antwoord
A printer share exposes a queue from a host; a print server centralizes queues, drivers, permissions, and management for many clients.
Kaart 157
Vraag
Which settings commonly change a print job's physical output?
Antwoord
Duplex, portrait or landscape orientation, paper tray and size, and quality. The application, driver, and device settings must agree.
Kaart 158
Vraag
Which controls protect a public or shared printer?
Antwoord
User authentication or badging, secure print release, appropriate permissions, and audit logs. They reduce abandoned sensitive output and trace approved use.
Kaart 159
Vraag
How does a direct thermal printer work and what maintenance does it need?
Antwoord
Heat darkens special thermal paper. Replace the paper correctly, clean the heating element and feed path, and remove debris.
Kaart 160
Vraag
Where can a network multifunction device send scans?
Antwoord
Common destinations are email, an SMB file share, or an approved cloud service. Configure credentials, permissions, addressing, and encryption for the destination.
Kaart 161
Vraag
When should you use an ADF instead of a flatbed scanner?
Antwoord
Use the automatic document feeder for stacks of loose pages; use the flatbed for fragile, bound, thick, or single originals.
Kaart 162
Vraag
What does printer calibration correct?
Antwoord
Placement, density, alignment, or color registration. Run the maker's procedure after relevant part or image-quality changes.
Kaart 163
Vraag
Why does an impact printer suit multipart forms?
Antwoord
Pins strike an inked ribbon and physically transfer the mark through layered paper. The mechanism is noisy but can mark multiple copies.
Kaart 164
Vraag
What does a laser-printer maintenance kit commonly refresh?
Antwoord
Wear parts such as rollers and the fuser, as defined for that model. Replace depleted toner, install the kit at its service interval, calibrate when output shifts, and clean only through approved paths.
Kaart 165
Vraag
How do inkjet feed and printhead maintenance address different faults?
Antwoord
Roller and feeder service fixes paper movement; printhead cleaning or alignment fixes missing or misplaced ink. Use the symptom to choose the maintenance.
Kaart 166
Vraag
What is a virtual machine?
Antwoord
A software-defined computer with virtual CPU, memory, storage, and devices that runs a guest operating system on a host.
Kaart 167
Vraag
Where does a Type 1 hypervisor run?
Antwoord
Directly on the host hardware. This bare-metal design is common in servers and virtualization platforms.
Kaart 168
Vraag
Why use a VM as a sandbox or test environment?
Antwoord
It isolates a disposable environment from the main workload and makes repeatable testing easier. Isolation reduces risk but doesn't make untrusted code harmless.
Kaart 169
Vraag
Which VM resources must be sized against real host capacity?
Antwoord
vCPU, memory, storage space, and I/O. Overcommitting them can make several guests compete for the same hardware.
Kaart 170
Vraag
What does application virtualization do?
Antwoord
It packages, streams, or isolates an application from the base installation. It can simplify delivery or preserve some legacy applications without virtualizing a whole desktop.
Kaart 171
Vraag
Where does a Type 2 hypervisor run?
Antwoord
As an application on a host operating system. It is convenient for desktop labs, testing, and occasional guests.
Kaart 172
Vraag
Which security layers need attention on a virtualization host?
Antwoord
The host, hypervisor, management access, guest OSs, virtual networks, and images. Patch and isolate each layer according to its role.
Kaart 173
Vraag
What must be planned for VM networking?
Antwoord
Addressing, virtual switch or NAT mode, segmentation, bandwidth, and access controls. A guest still needs a deliberate path to required services.
Kaart 174
Vraag
What does VDI deliver?
Antwoord
Centrally hosted desktop sessions to remote clients. Compute and management stay in the data center or cloud rather than on each endpoint.
Kaart 175
Vraag
What must be planned for VM storage?
Antwoord
Capacity, performance, snapshots, backup, and failure location. A snapshot on the same datastore isn't a complete backup.
Kaart 176
Vraag
How does a container differ from a typical VM?
Antwoord
A container isolates an application while sharing the host kernel; a VM normally includes a full guest operating system.
Kaart 177
Vraag
How can virtualization support legacy or cross-platform workloads?
Antwoord
A compatible guest OS or virtualized application layer can preserve the required environment. CPU architecture, licenses, drivers, and hardware access still constrain compatibility.
Kaart 178
Vraag
What does a container image provide?
Antwoord
A repeatable application filesystem and configuration used to start containers. Running containers add temporary writable state unless storage is attached.
Kaart 179
Vraag
A virtualization option is unavailable. What should you verify?
Antwoord
Verify CPU and platform support, then enable the required virtualization feature in UEFI if policy allows. Also confirm that another hypervisor hasn't claimed it.
Kaart 180
Vraag
What defines a public cloud?
Antwoord
It is offered for open use by the general public and operated by a cloud provider. Its resources may be shared or dedicated, depending on the service.
Kaart 181
Vraag
What does IaaS provide?
Antwoord
Cloud compute, networking, and storage infrastructure. The customer usually manages the operating system, applications, identities, and data.
Kaart 182
Vraag
What is cloud elasticity?
Antwoord
The ability to add or remove resources as demand changes, automatically or on request.
Kaart 183
Vraag
What does metered cloud utilization measure?
Antwoord
Consumed resources such as compute time, storage, requests, or transferred data for reporting, limits, and billing.
Kaart 184
Vraag
What defines a private cloud?
Antwoord
Cloud infrastructure reserved for one organization. It can run on-site or be hosted and operated by a provider.
Kaart 185
Vraag
What does SaaS provide?
Antwoord
A complete provider-run application accessed as a service. The customer mainly manages users, settings, and data.
Kaart 186
Vraag
How do shared and dedicated cloud resources differ?
Antwoord
Shared resources serve multiple customers with logical isolation; dedicated resources are reserved for one customer. Either can appear in a provider's public-cloud offering.
Kaart 187
Vraag
What is high availability designed to reduce?
Antwoord
Service downtime from component or location failure through redundancy and failover.
Kaart 188
Vraag
What is a hybrid cloud?
Antwoord
A coordinated use of private-cloud and public-cloud environments, with workloads or data placed where their requirements fit.
Kaart 189
Vraag
What does PaaS provide?
Antwoord
A managed application platform and runtime. Developers deploy code while the provider manages more of the operating system and infrastructure.
Kaart 190
Vraag
What do cloud ingress and egress mean?
Antwoord
Ingress is data entering the cloud service; egress is data leaving it. Providers often meter them differently, and egress can create a notable cost.
Kaart 191
Vraag
What does cloud multitenancy mean?
Antwoord
Multiple customers use provider infrastructure while their workloads and data remain logically isolated.
Kaart 192
Vraag
What is a community cloud?
Antwoord
Cloud infrastructure reserved for organizations with shared requirements, such as a sector or policy need, rather than for unrestricted public use.
Kaart 193
Vraag
What does FaaS run?
Antwoord
Event-triggered functions without the customer managing servers directly. The provider manages the execution environment and scaling mechanics.
Kaart 194
Vraag
Does using a cloud service remove the customer's security duties?
Antwoord
No. Responsibility is shared: the provider protects its service layers, while the customer still manages assigned areas such as identities, settings, applications, and data.
Kaart 195
Vraag
What can happen when two offline devices edit the same cloud-synchronized file?
Antwoord
A synchronization conflict. Preserve both versions, let sync finish, compare the changes, and keep the intended content.
Kaart 196
Vraag
A PC stops at POST with a beep or status-light pattern. What should you do next?
Antwoord
Look up the exact pattern in the system or motherboard service documentation, then test the indicated component.
Kaart 197
Vraag
A desktop shows no lights or fan movement. Where should power diagnosis start?
Antwoord
At the outlet, power strip, cord, PSU input switch, and main internal power connections. Move from the source inward.
Kaart 198
Vraag
A PC shows a proprietary crash screen. What evidence should you collect first?
Antwoord
Record the stop code and recent hardware changes, then check memory, storage, drivers, temperature, and logs indicated by that code.
Kaart 199
Vraag
A PC powers on but the screen stays blank. What hardware checks come first?
Antwoord
Check display power and input, video cabling, GPU seating or power, and whether POST completes. Test one known-good display path at a time.
Kaart 200
Vraag
A computer is sluggish under ordinary work. Which hardware conditions should you check?
Antwoord
Check temperature and throttling, RAM pressure, storage health and free space, CPU load, and background I/O before replacing parts.
Kaart 201
Vraag
A PC becomes unstable as CPU temperature rises. What should you inspect?
Antwoord
Inspect fan operation, heat-sink mounting, thermal material, dust, filters, and case airflow. The CPU may throttle or shut down to protect itself.
Kaart 202
Vraag
You smell burning from a powered computer. What is the immediate action?
Antwoord
Shut it down and disconnect power. Don't keep testing until the damaged power or board component has been safely identified.
Kaart 203
Vraag
A PC shuts down randomly only during heavy GPU work. What should you test?
Antwoord
Test PSU capacity and condition, GPU power leads, temperature, and event logs. Peak load can expose weak power or cooling.
Kaart 204
Vraag
Applications crash randomly after new RAM is installed. What should you do?
Antwoord
Verify compatibility and slot placement, reseat the modules, and run a memory diagnostic. Test modules separately if needed.
Kaart 205
Vraag
A computer develops an unusual fan or grinding noise. What should you inspect?
Antwoord
Inspect fans, cables, pumps, drives, dust, and mounting points while the system is safely powered down when contact is possible.
Kaart 206
Vraag
What should you do after finding a swollen motherboard capacitor?
Antwoord
Disconnect power and replace the failed board or arrange qualified component service. Don't keep operating a board with a visibly failing capacitor.
Kaart 207
Vraag
A PC loses its date and time whenever it is unplugged. What is the likely cause?
Antwoord
A weak motherboard coin-cell battery. Replace it with the specified type and restore any lost firmware settings.
Kaart 208
Vraag
Firmware reports less RAM than is installed. What is the first corrective step?
Antwoord
Power down, follow ESD precautions, and reseat the modules in the recommended slots. Then test compatibility, sticks, and slots methodically.
Kaart 209
Vraag
A newly installed CPU isn't recognized even though it fits the socket. What should you verify?
Antwoord
Verify chipset and firmware support, CPU power, contact condition, seating, and cooling. Physical fit alone doesn't prove compatibility.
Kaart 210
Vraag
How can you isolate a motherboard, CPU, RAM, or PSU no-POST fault?
Antwoord
Reduce the system to minimum required hardware, confirm known-good power, and add components back one at a time.
Kaart 211
Vraag
A storage controller shows a warning LED or audible alarm. What should you do first?
Antwoord
Read the controller's exact status, preserve a current backup, and identify the affected drive or array before replacing anything.
Kaart 212
Vraag
A hard drive clicks or grinds while reads fail. What should you prioritize?
Antwoord
Stop unnecessary activity, preserve recoverable data, and replace the drive. Repeated testing can worsen a mechanical failure.
Kaart 213
Vraag
A PC reports no bootable device. Which checks come first?
Antwoord
Check firmware drive detection and boot order, then data and power connections. If the drive is detected, check its health before changing partitions.
Kaart 214
Vraag
Files are corrupt or missing after storage errors. What should you do?
Antwoord
Stop writes, preserve the affected media, restore from a verified backup when appropriate, and diagnose the drive, controller, memory, and filesystem cause.
Kaart 215
Vraag
A controller reports an array missing. What should you avoid?
Antwoord
Don't initialize or recreate it blindly. Check controller configuration, cabling, power, member detection, and the documented recovery path first.
Kaart 216
Vraag
A drive has unusually long read and write times. What should you inspect?
Antwoord
Inspect health data, errors, cable or link negotiation, free space, workload, temperature, and the storage interface.
Kaart 217
Vraag
What should you do after a S.M.A.R.T. failure warning?
Antwoord
Back up important data immediately and plan drive replacement. A health warning isn't something to clear and ignore.
Kaart 218
Vraag
Firmware sees a drive, but the operating system doesn't. What should you check?
Antwoord
Check OS storage management, drivers, bus support, partitions, and whether the disk is offline. Don't initialize a disk that may contain needed data.
Kaart 219
Vraag
A RAID array is degraded after a member fails. What is the safe response?
Antwoord
Confirm the failed member, verify backup, replace it through the controller's procedure, and monitor the rebuild. Don't remove a healthy member by guesswork.
Kaart 220
Vraag
What can cause low storage IOPS even when capacity is available?
Antwoord
A saturated or slow device, high queue depth, contention, thermal throttling, controller limits, or an unsuitable RAID layout.
Kaart 221
Vraag
A monitor reports no signal. What should you check first?
Antwoord
Check power, selected input, cable seating, adapter compatibility, and whether the computer is producing video.
Kaart 222
Vraag
A projector is dim or shuts down intermittently. What should you inspect?
Antwoord
Inspect the bulb or light source, filters, vents, temperature, brightness settings, room light, and service-life indicators.
Kaart 223
Vraag
Text looks fuzzy or the desktop doesn't fit the screen. Which settings should you verify?
Antwoord
Verify native resolution, scaling, aspect ratio, and any overscan setting. Then check cable and adapter quality.
Kaart 224
Vraag
How do display burn-in and a dead pixel differ?
Antwoord
Burn-in is persistent image retention across an area; a dead or stuck pixel is a fixed point defect. Confirm each with varied full-screen test images.
Kaart 225
Vraag
A display flashes or flickers at a new refresh rate. What should you check?
Antwoord
Check that the display, GPU, port, cable, resolution, and refresh rate combination is supported.
Kaart 226
Vraag
A projected image is trapezoidal or distorted. What should you adjust?
Antwoord
Correct projector position, angle, focus, and aspect ratio first; use keystone correction only as needed.
Kaart 227
Vraag
A monitor shows incorrect colors. How do you isolate the cause?
Antwoord
Check color settings and profiles, reseat or replace the cable, test another input or display, and inspect GPU output and drivers.
Kaart 228
Vraag
Video works over HDMI or DisplayPort, but audio doesn't. What should you check?
Antwoord
Check the OS playback device, application output, display volume, cable capability, and whether the adapter carries audio.
Kaart 229
Vraag
A laptop LCD shows a faint image only under a flashlight. Which area is likely failing?
Antwoord
The backlight or its power/driver path. The faint picture shows that image data still reaches the panel.
Kaart 230
Vraag
A phone battery drains much faster than usual. What should you check first?
Antwoord
Check battery health and recent screen, app, radio, and location use. Confirm the usage change before replacing hardware.
Kaart 231
Vraag
A phone has a broken screen but still receives notifications. What should guide the repair?
Antwoord
Back up accessible data, stop using sharp or exposed surfaces, and determine whether the glass, display, digitizer, or full assembly is replaceable.
Kaart 232
Vraag
A phone won't charge and its port looks damaged. What is the safe first test?
Antwoord
Inspect without metal tools, then try a known-good compatible cable and charger. Use wireless charging only if the device supports it and the battery is safe.
Kaart 233
Vraag
A phone has poor or no connectivity. What should you isolate?
Antwoord
Test Wi-Fi, cellular, and Bluetooth separately; check airplane mode, signal, account or SIM/eSIM state, and the specific network settings.
Kaart 234
Vraag
A battery is pushing a mobile-device case apart. What should you do?
Antwoord
Power it down, stop charging it, and arrange approved battery service. Don't press the case closed.
Kaart 235
Vraag
A mobile device gets wet. Why should you avoid powering or charging it?
Antwoord
Moisture can cause shorts and corrosion. Shut it down and follow the manufacturer's drying or service guidance.
Kaart 236
Vraag
Touch input drifts or misses one area. What should you check?
Antwoord
Check screen cleanliness and protectors, test calibration if supported, compare apps, and inspect the digitizer connection or damage.
Kaart 237
Vraag
A phone slows down and overheats during light use. What should you inspect?
Antwoord
Inspect battery health, storage pressure, updates, background apps, signal hunting, and possible malware. Stop use if heat is unsafe.
Kaart 238
Vraag
A mobile device shows pop-ups and heavy data use after an untrusted install. What should you suspect?
Antwoord
Malware or a harmful app. Disconnect as needed, preserve required evidence, remove it through the approved mobile-security process, and update the device.
Kaart 239
Vraag
A mobile device can't install a new application. What should you check?
Antwoord
Check free storage, OS and hardware compatibility, account or store access, network service, and MDM policy before bypassing any restriction.
Kaart 240
Vraag
An active stylus doesn't work, but finger touch does. What should you check?
Antwoord
Check stylus compatibility, charge or battery, pairing, tip, app support, and the device's active-digitizer settings.
Kaart 241
Vraag
Users report slow network speeds. What should you measure before changing hardware?
Antwoord
Measure negotiated link rate, throughput, utilization, errors, signal, channel use, and server or ISP performance to locate the bottleneck.
Kaart 242
Vraag
Wi-Fi disconnects intermittently in one area. What should you inspect?
Antwoord
Inspect signal strength, roaming, interference, channel plan, access-point placement, client drivers, and power-saving behavior.
Kaart 243
Vraag
A client reports limited connectivity. Which layers should you check in order?
Antwoord
Check physical or wireless link, IP address and mask, gateway, DHCP, DNS, and upstream reachability.
Kaart 244
Vraag
A user repeatedly fails network authentication. What should you verify?
Antwoord
Verify the account and credentials, time, certificate, authentication method, network policy, and whether the user or device is authorized.
Kaart 245
Vraag
Which tools help locate high latency?
Antwoord
Ping compares delay and loss; traceroute shows the path by hops. Test several destinations to separate a local, provider, and destination issue.
Kaart 246
Vraag
What signs point to external wireless interference?
Antwoord
Signal quality or throughput drops despite adequate strength, often near a device or at certain times. A spectrum or Wi-Fi analyzer helps confirm it.
Kaart 247
Vraag
A switch port repeatedly changes between up and down. What should you isolate?
Antwoord
Isolate the patch cable, wall run, endpoint NIC, and switch port. Review port logs and test the cable for a port-flapping cause.
Kaart 248
Vraag
A wired PC has no link light. Where should troubleshooting start?
Antwoord
At the cable, connector, NIC, and switch port. Changing IP settings can't repair a missing physical link.
Kaart 249
Vraag
VoIP sounds choppy even though average bandwidth is adequate. Which network condition should you measure?
Antwoord
Jitter, along with latency and packet loss. QoS and congestion control may help after the impaired path is identified.
Kaart 250
Vraag
Internet access drops for every local client, then returns. Where should you look?
Antwoord
Check the shared WAN path: the router's WAN link, modem or ONT, provider service, power, and logs. Independent failures across every local client at once are unlikely.
Kaart 251
Vraag
A host can reach an internet IP but not a website name. What is the likely fault?
Antwoord
DNS resolution. Check the configured resolver and test a direct lookup.
Kaart 252
Vraag
A PC receives a 169.254.x.x address. What should you test next?
Antwoord
Test its link and the path to DHCP. The APIPA address shows that normal lease configuration failed.
Kaart 253
Vraag
Two hosts report an address conflict. What should you inspect?
Antwoord
Inspect static assignments, DHCP reservations, and the lease scope for a duplicate IP address.
Kaart 254
Vraag
A PC on a new switch port can't reach its department resources. What should you verify?
Antwoord
Verify the access VLAN, then its routing and policy. A good physical link on the wrong VLAN still provides the wrong network access.
Kaart 255
Vraag
A PoE camera has network pairs but no power. What should you check?
Antwoord
Check the injector or switch standard, port state, total power budget, cable quality, and camera power requirement.
Kaart 256
Vraag
Only one PC lacks network access while nearby systems work. What should you compare?
Antwoord
Compare its link, IP settings, DNS, authentication, proxy or VPN state, and local firewall with a working peer.
Kaart 257
Vraag
A printed page has a line in the same place every time. What should you inspect?
Antwoord
Inspect the cartridge, printhead, drum, scanner glass, and approved cleaning path for contamination or damage, based on printer type.
Kaart 258
Vraag
A printer produces garbled characters. What should you verify?
Antwoord
Verify the driver and print language, cable or network path, firmware, and source document. Cancel the bad job before retrying.
Kaart 259
Vraag
A printer reports a paper jam. What is the safe response?
Antwoord
Stop the job, follow the documented paper path, remove paper in the specified direction, and check for scraps or damaged rollers.
Kaart 260
Vraag
Several print jobs remain pending after the printer recovers. What should you do?
Antwoord
Cancel failed jobs as appropriate, verify printer status and connectivity, restart the print service if needed, then send one small test page.
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Kaart 261
Vraag
Printed pages are uniformly faded. What should you check?
Antwoord
Check toner or ink level, density or quality settings, cartridge condition, and the correct media setting.
Kaart 262
Vraag
A printer makes a grinding noise. What should you do?
Antwoord
Stop the job and inspect for jammed media, foreign objects, damaged gears, or a misseated cartridge or maintenance part.
Kaart 263
Vraag
Paper won't feed or several sheets feed together. Which parts should you inspect?
Antwoord
Inspect pickup rollers, the separation pad, feeder, paper condition, tray guides, and load limit.
Kaart 264
Vraag
A document prints in the wrong orientation. What should you check?
Antwoord
Check portrait or landscape settings in the application and driver, then confirm paper size and any device default.
Kaart 265
Vraag
What commonly causes speckles across printed pages?
Antwoord
Loose toner, ink contamination, a dirty print path, or a damaged cartridge or drum. Use the printer type and repeating pattern to narrow it.
Kaart 266
Vraag
A finisher won't staple or punch pages. What should you inspect?
Antwoord
Inspect the staple cartridge or jam, punch waste bin, finisher seating, supported paper, and driver job settings.
Kaart 267
Vraag
A printer doesn't recognize a loaded tray. What should you check?
Antwoord
Check tray seating, paper guides and size sensors, media settings, firmware, and driver configuration.
Kaart 268
Vraag
A network printer shows Ready but clients can't reach it. What should you test?
Antwoord
Test its link, IP configuration, address conflict, VLAN and routing path, print port, and firewall access.
Kaart 269
Vraag
A laser page shows a repeated faint image. Which area should you inspect?
Antwoord
Inspect the imaging drum and fuser for ghosting. The repeat distance can help the service guide identify the rotating part.
Kaart 270
Vraag
A print queue is frozen and won't process a test page. What should you do?
Antwoord
Clear the blocked job safely, restart the spooler or print service, verify disk and printer connectivity, then submit one small test.
Kaart 271
Vraag
Which desktop OS is the usual choice for broad business software and Active Directory integration?
Antwoord
Windows. It has the widest support for common business applications and native integration with Microsoft domain services.
Kaart 272
Vraag
When is a clean OS installation preferable to an in-place upgrade?
Antwoord
Choose a clean install when you need a fresh system or the existing installation is unreliable. It removes installed apps and settings, so back up user data first.
Kaart 273
Vraag
Which Windows command lists files and folders in the current directory?
Antwoord
dir. Use cd when you need to change the current directory.
Kaart 274
Vraag
Which Windows tool gives a quick view of running processes, startup apps, users, services, and performance?
Antwoord
Task Manager. It is the first stop for a quick process or resource check.
Kaart 275
Vraag
What should you check before moving a user between desktop or mobile operating systems?
Antwoord
Check application, peripheral, file-format, and account compatibility first. A supported OS is still a bad fit if the user's required tools or data won't work on it.
Kaart 276
Vraag
How should you choose between a public and private Windows network profile?
Antwoord
Use Public on untrusted networks and Private only on trusted local networks. The profile changes discovery and firewall behavior.
Kaart 277
Vraag
Which Windows command shows the current IP configuration?
Antwoord
ipconfig. Add /all when you need details such as DHCP, DNS, gateway, and adapter addresses.
Kaart 278
Vraag
What is the main benefit of deploying an OS image?
Antwoord
It applies a prepared, consistent system build to multiple devices. The image still needs compatible drivers, licensing, and post-deployment updates.
Kaart 279
Vraag
Which console should you open to investigate recorded application, security, or system errors?
Antwoord
Event Viewer. Filter by the relevant time, source, and event level instead of treating every warning as the cause.
Kaart 280
Vraag
Which Windows file system supports permissions, encryption, compression, and large local volumes?
Antwoord
NTFS. It is the standard Windows file system when you need access controls and other full desktop features.
Kaart 281
Vraag
Which Windows edition fits a basic home PC that does not need business management features?
Antwoord
Windows Home. It covers normal consumer use but lacks several business features found in Pro and Enterprise.
Kaart 282
Vraag
What do the common macOS application forms .dmg, .pkg, and .app represent?
Antwoord
A .dmg is a mountable disk image, a .pkg runs an installer, and an .app is an application bundle. Remove software with its supported process, especially when it installed system components.
Kaart 283
Vraag
Which boot approach lets a technician start an installer delivered by a deployment server?
Antwoord
Network boot, commonly PXE. The client firmware and network must support it, and the deployment service must be reachable.
Kaart 284
Vraag
Which command is the quickest basic test of IP reachability to another host?
Antwoord
ping. A failed ping is only a clue because the host or firewall may block echo traffic.
Kaart 285
Vraag
Which Windows tool creates partitions, assigns drive letters, and initializes disks?
Antwoord
Disk Management. Confirm the disk and volume before making changes because some operations can destroy data.
Kaart 286
Vraag
What is safer than disabling Windows Firewall when one application is blocked?
Antwoord
Create the narrowest required application or port exception. Keep the firewall enabled and limit the rule to the needed profiles and traffic.
Kaart 287
Vraag
What should you compare before installing a demanding application?
Antwoord
Compare its OS, CPU, RAM, storage, graphics, VRAM, and peripheral requirements with the device. Check both minimum and practical workload needs.
Kaart 288
Vraag
Which Windows edition is the usual minimum for joining a business domain and hosting Remote Desktop?
Antwoord
Windows Pro. It also adds business features such as BitLocker management and Local Group Policy.
Kaart 289
Vraag
Which Windows command queries DNS records for a name?
Antwoord
nslookup. It helps distinguish name-resolution trouble from basic network reachability.
Kaart 290
Vraag
Which macOS feature creates versioned backups for normal file and system recovery?
Antwoord
Time Machine. Confirm the backup destination is available and test that needed files can actually be restored.
Kaart 291
Vraag
What makes zero-touch deployment different from a normal remote installation?
Antwoord
Zero-touch deployment minimizes hands-on setup after the device starts. Policies, applications, and identity configuration are applied automatically.
Kaart 292
Vraag
When is exFAT usually a better removable-drive format than FAT32?
Antwoord
Use exFAT when the drive must move between modern operating systems and hold files larger than FAT32's 4 GB per-file limit.
Kaart 293
Vraag
Which values must be correct in a manual IPv4 client configuration?
Antwoord
The IP address, subnet mask, default gateway, and DNS server settings must fit the network. A wrong value can break local or internet access.
Kaart 294
Vraag
How do FileVault and Keychain serve different security jobs on macOS?
Antwoord
FileVault encrypts the startup disk; Keychain stores passwords, certificates, and keys. Neither replaces good account security or backups.
Kaart 295
Vraag
What should you verify before booting an installer from USB media?
Antwoord
Verify the media is trusted and bootable, then select the correct temporary boot device. Also confirm the firmware mode matches the planned partition style.
Kaart 296
Vraag
Which Windows console is best for checking a device's driver status or hardware error code?
Antwoord
Device Manager. It shows detected hardware, driver details, disabled devices, and device error codes.
Kaart 297
Vraag
When is Windows Enterprise a better fit than Pro?
Antwoord
Use Enterprise for centrally managed organizations that need its additional security, deployment, and control features. It is licensed for organizational use rather than a typical retail PC.
Kaart 298
Vraag
How does a domain differ from a workgroup for Windows client management?
Antwoord
A domain provides centralized identity and policy; a workgroup manages accounts separately on each PC. Shared resources must match the chosen model.
Kaart 299
Vraag
Which command shows active network connections and listening ports on Windows?
Antwoord
netstat. Use its documented options to include process IDs or numeric addresses when needed.
Kaart 300
Vraag
Which Windows tool runs a program or script on a trigger or schedule?
Antwoord
Task Scheduler. Use it for defined triggers such as a time, startup, sign-in, or event.
Kaart 301
Vraag
What must be assigned before a user can legally use many cloud productivity apps?
Antwoord
The correct service license. Installation alone does not grant an account access to licensed features.
Kaart 302
Vraag
What do /Applications, /Users, /Library, and /System hold on macOS?
Antwoord
They hold installed apps, user home folders, shared support data, and protected system components, respectively. A user's own Library sits inside that user's home folder.
Kaart 303
Vraag
What path format directly identifies a Windows network share?
Antwoord
A UNC path such as \\server\share. A mapped drive gives that share a drive letter for convenience.
Kaart 304
Vraag
Why can a 32-bit-only dependency block an otherwise capable 64-bit system?
Antwoord
The application may rely on an unsupported 32-bit component or driver. Confirm the complete dependency chain, not just the CPU architecture.
Kaart 305
Vraag
Which file systems are common on Linux desktops and servers?
Antwoord
ext4 and XFS. Both are Linux-native choices; support for features and repair tools depends on the distribution and workload.
Kaart 306
Vraag
What workload is Windows Pro for Workstations aimed at?
Antwoord
High-end professional hardware and demanding workloads. It adds support intended for workstation-class processors, memory, and storage features.
Kaart 307
Vraag
Why synchronize identity between an organization and a cloud productivity service?
Antwoord
It keeps user accounts and access aligned with the organization's identity source. Provisioning and removal can then follow the user's lifecycle.
Kaart 308
Vraag
When should you try a repair installation or recovery environment?
Antwoord
Use it when the current OS is damaged but preserving the installation is still reasonable. Back up recoverable data before making larger changes.
Kaart 309
Vraag
Which Windows command traces the router hops toward a destination?
Antwoord
tracert. Use pathping when you also need sampled latency and loss information across the route.
Kaart 310
Vraag
Why should mobile apps come from the platform's trusted store or an approved enterprise source?
Antwoord
Trusted sources provide stronger publisher, signing, and review checks. Sideloading from an unknown source raises the risk of a malicious or altered app.
Kaart 311
Vraag
What is distinctive about a Windows N edition?
Antwoord
It omits certain built-in media technologies. An application that depends on those components may need Microsoft's media feature package.
Kaart 312
Vraag
Which partition style is the normal choice for a modern UEFI system?
Antwoord
GPT. It supports modern UEFI booting, large disks, and more partitions than legacy MBR.
Kaart 313
Vraag
What should you confirm when setting up a cloud storage sync folder?
Antwoord
Confirm the account, selected folders, local disk impact, sharing rules, and whether files remain available offline.
Kaart 314
Vraag
When does a dedicated GPU matter more than integrated graphics?
Antwoord
It matters when the application requires more graphics performance or dedicated VRAM than the integrated GPU can provide.
Kaart 315
Vraag
How do chmod and chown differ on Linux?
Antwoord
chmod changes permission bits; chown changes file ownership. Verify the target and use elevated rights only when required.
Kaart 316
Vraag
Which command checks a Windows volume's file-system structure for errors?
Antwoord
chkdsk. Review its options before requesting repairs because a repair may need exclusive access or a restart.
Kaart 317
Vraag
What is the difference between partitioning and formatting a drive?
Antwoord
Partitioning defines logical regions on the drive; formatting creates a file system inside a partition. Both can affect existing data, so confirm the target first.
Kaart 318
Vraag
What does a client VPN connection provide?
Antwoord
It creates an encrypted path to a remote private network. The user still needs valid authentication and authorization for its resources.
Kaart 319
Vraag
Which Linux package managers are common on Debian-based and Fedora-based systems?
Antwoord
apt is common on Debian and Ubuntu; dnf is common on Fedora and related systems. Use authorized sudo elevation for administrative package changes instead of routine root login.
Kaart 320
Vraag
When should you use Performance Monitor instead of only Task Manager?
Antwoord
Use Performance Monitor when you need counters collected over time. Task Manager is better for a quick live snapshot.
Kaart 321
Vraag
Which Windows command-line tool manages disks, partitions, and volumes?
Antwoord
diskpart. Select and verify the exact disk before any destructive command.
Kaart 322
Vraag
Which firmware and security components are central to Windows 11 hardware eligibility?
Antwoord
UEFI with Secure Boot capability and a supported TPM 2.0 are central requirements. The processor, RAM, and storage must also meet Microsoft's current requirements.
Kaart 323
Vraag
What should you verify before a mobile OS upgrade?
Antwoord
Check device support, free storage, battery or power, network access, app compatibility, and a current backup.
Kaart 324
Vraag
Why mark a Windows connection as metered?
Antwoord
It tells Windows to limit some background transfers on a connection with a data cap or high cost. Updates and cloud sync may behave differently.
Kaart 325
Vraag
Which file system is designed for current Apple storage devices?
Antwoord
APFS. It is Apple's modern file system for macOS and other Apple platforms.
Kaart 326
Vraag
Which Linux commands distinguish free filesystem space from a directory's space use?
Antwoord
df reports filesystem free space; du estimates space used by files and directories. Use both when tracking down a full disk.
Kaart 327
Vraag
What belongs in an OS upgrade preflight check?
Antwoord
Back up user data and settings, then verify hardware, applications, drivers, storage, licensing, and the supported upgrade path.
Kaart 328
Vraag
Why should Windows show known file extensions during support work?
Antwoord
Visible extensions make file types easier to verify and help expose misleading names such as invoice.pdf.exe.
Kaart 329
Vraag
What is the safest source for an application installer?
Antwoord
Use the vendor's trusted store or official download channel. Verify the publisher, signature, or published hash when available.
Kaart 330
Vraag
Which Windows command is built for reliable folder copying with restart and mirror options?
Antwoord
robocopy. Treat mirror or purge options carefully because they can delete destination files that are absent from the source.
Kaart 331
Vraag
Why should you verify the supported Windows edition upgrade path before starting?
Antwoord
Not every source edition can upgrade directly to every target edition. An unsupported path may require a clean install instead.
Kaart 332
Vraag
Which Windows tool helps isolate startup problems by controlling boot and service options?
Antwoord
System Configuration (msconfig). Use selective startup for diagnosis, then restore the intended configuration after testing.
Kaart 333
Vraag
What should a technician test before rolling out cloud videoconferencing?
Antwoord
Test supported devices, camera and microphone permissions, network capacity, sign-in, and any organization policy.
Kaart 334
Vraag
What does an operating system reaching end of life mean for support?
Antwoord
The vendor no longer provides normal support or security updates. Plan a supported upgrade or replacement instead of treating the old system as safe indefinitely.
Kaart 335
Vraag
Which Windows command checks protected system files and replaces damaged copies?
Antwoord
sfc /scannow. Run it from an elevated terminal and review the result before deciding the next repair step.
Kaart 336
Vraag
What is the purpose of a Microsoft Management Console snap-in?
Antwoord
It adds a focused administrative tool to an MMC console. Event Viewer, Local Users and Groups, and Certificate Manager are common examples.
Kaart 337
Vraag
What is the purpose of a mobile configuration profile?
Antwoord
It applies managed settings such as accounts, certificates, restrictions, and security rules. Install profiles only from an authorized administrator or trusted provider.
Kaart 338
Vraag
What is ReFS mainly designed to improve on supported Windows systems?
Antwoord
Storage resilience and data integrity. ReFS is useful for supported data workloads, but it is not a universal replacement for an NTFS Windows boot volume.
Kaart 339
Vraag
Why pilot a business application before a broad rollout?
Antwoord
A pilot exposes device, network, workflow, licensing, and compatibility effects on a small group before they reach everyone.
Kaart 340
Vraag
Why check sharing permissions before moving a document into a collaboration workspace?
Antwoord
The move may change who can read or edit it. Confirm the intended audience, link settings, ownership, and version history.
Kaart 341
Vraag
Which physical control stops a vehicle from driving close to a protected entrance?
Antwoord
Bollards. They create a physical barrier while still allowing pedestrian access.
Kaart 342
Vraag
What is the main sign that a message may be phishing?
Antwoord
It tries to push you into revealing data, opening a file, or following a link under false pretenses. Verify the request through a known channel.
Kaart 343
Vraag
What protects workstation data if a powered-off drive is stolen?
Antwoord
Data-at-rest encryption, such as BitLocker or FileVault. Store recovery keys through an approved process.
Kaart 344
Vraag
What is the first step in a suspected malware case?
Antwoord
Investigate and verify the symptoms. Record what happened and rule out ordinary faults before declaring the system infected.
Kaart 345
Vraag
What is the purpose of an access control vestibule?
Antwoord
It allows one controlled door to close before the next opens. This reduces tailgating into a secure area.
Kaart 346
Vraag
How do spear phishing and whaling differ from broad phishing?
Antwoord
Spear phishing targets a specific person or group; whaling targets senior or high-value people. Both use tailored context to appear credible.
Kaart 347
Vraag
Which password properties matter most for normal user accounts?
Antwoord
Use long, unique passwords and store them in an approved password manager. Complexity and expiration rules should follow current organization policy.
Kaart 348
Vraag
Why is a normal format not enough before transferring a drive with sensitive data?
Antwoord
A standard format mainly rebuilds file-system structures and may leave recoverable data. Use an approved wipe, secure erase, encryption-key destruction, or physical destruction method.
Kaart 349
Vraag
What makes a Trojan different from a computer virus?
Antwoord
A Trojan pretends to be legitimate so the user installs or runs it. A virus attaches its code to a host file or boot area and replicates when that code runs.
Kaart 350
Vraag
Why combine a badge reader with a biometric check at a sensitive door?
Antwoord
The combination verifies something the person has and something they are. It is stronger than either factor alone.
Kaart 351
Vraag
What does a BIOS or UEFI password protect?
Antwoord
It limits unauthorized firmware changes or startup access. It does not encrypt files on the drive.
Kaart 352
Vraag
Which phishing names apply to voice calls, text messages, and malicious QR codes?
Antwoord
Vishing uses voice, smishing uses SMS or messaging, and QR phishing uses a code to hide the destination. Verify the request before acting.
Kaart 353
Vraag
What should you do once a malware infection is reasonably confirmed?
Antwoord
Quarantine the device from networks and shared storage. Preserve any evidence required by policy while limiting further spread.
Kaart 354
Vraag
Which malware hides deeply in a system to preserve privileged access?
Antwoord
A rootkit. Because it can conceal processes or changes, trusted offline scanning or reimaging may be required.
Kaart 355
Vraag
What simple action protects an unattended signed-in workstation?
Antwoord
Lock the screen. Use an automatic timeout as a backup, and log off when the session is no longer needed.
Kaart 356
Vraag
What do cameras, guards, alarms, lighting, and motion sensors contribute to physical security?
Antwoord
They deter, detect, record, or respond to unauthorized activity. They work best as layers rather than a single control.
Kaart 357
Vraag
What attack occurs when someone watches a user enter sensitive information?
Antwoord
Shoulder surfing. Privacy screens, careful positioning, and awareness reduce the risk.
Kaart 358
Vraag
How should you verify a browser download before running it?
Antwoord
Use a trusted source, confirm the publisher or signature, and compare a published hash when available. A matching hash proves integrity, not that the publisher is trustworthy.
Kaart 359
Vraag
What does a computer virus need in order to spread?
Antwoord
A virus attaches to a host file or boot area and spreads when that infected code runs. A boot-sector virus targets startup data.
Kaart 360
Vraag
When is a secure erase preferable to physical destruction?
Antwoord
Use a verified secure erase when the storage device will be reused and the method fits its media type. Validate the result before reassignment.
Kaart 361
Vraag
How does tailgating differ from impersonation?
Antwoord
Tailgating follows an authorized person into a restricted area; impersonation claims a false identity to gain trust or access.
Kaart 362
Vraag
What does the principle of least privilege require?
Antwoord
Give an account only the access needed for its current job, for only as long as needed. Review and remove unnecessary rights.
Kaart 363
Vraag
What does spoofing change to make a message, host, or caller look trusted?
Antwoord
It forges identifying information such as an address, name, number, or source. Verify identity through a separate trusted signal.
Kaart 364
Vraag
Which Wi-Fi security protocol is the preferred modern choice when all devices support it?
Antwoord
WPA3. Use its strongest supported mode and a strong credential or enterprise authentication.
Kaart 365
Vraag
How does a DDoS attack differ from a DoS attack?
Antwoord
A DDoS attack uses many distributed sources; a DoS attack may come from one source. Both aim to exhaust availability.
Kaart 366
Vraag
What assumption drives a Zero Trust access decision?
Antwoord
No user, device, or network location is trusted automatically. Verify identity, device state, context, and authorization for each access decision.
Kaart 367
Vraag
Which physical methods make a hard drive unusable?
Antwoord
Approved shredding or drilling can destroy the platters and mechanism. Follow safety, environmental, and evidence-handling rules.
Kaart 368
Vraag
How do account lockout and account expiration solve different problems?
Antwoord
Lockout slows repeated failed sign-ins; expiration ends access after a defined date. Set both according to business policy.
Kaart 369
Vraag
Which malware categories secretly monitor a user's activity?
Antwoord
Spyware collects activity or data; a keylogger records input; stalkerware is used for covert surveillance of a person.
Kaart 370
Vraag
What wireless threat presents a convincing fake access point?
Antwoord
An evil twin. Users may connect to it because its network name resembles a trusted one.
Kaart 371
Vraag
What are the first security changes on a new SOHO router?
Antwoord
Change default administrator credentials, update firmware, and save a known-good configuration. Use a unique management password.
Kaart 372
Vraag
What should you do when a browser reports an invalid certificate on a sensitive site?
Antwoord
Stop and verify the address, system time, and certificate details. Do not bypass the warning for sign-in or payment data.
Kaart 373
Vraag
What does an access control list decide?
Antwoord
An ACL states which identities or traffic are allowed or denied on a resource. Keep entries specific and review inherited rules.
Kaart 374
Vraag
Which malware blocks access to data and demands payment?
Antwoord
Ransomware. Isolate the device quickly and recover from known-good backups rather than assuming payment will restore data.
Kaart 375
Vraag
How should router management access be exposed?
Antwoord
Allow it only from trusted interfaces and secure protocols, ideally from the local network. Place the router where unauthorized people cannot reset or replace it.
Kaart 376
Vraag
How should Windows restore points be handled during an approved malware-removal workflow?
Antwoord
Temporarily disable System Restore when the procedure calls for it, then re-enable it and create a clean restore point after remediation.
Kaart 377
Vraag
Which built-in accounts or credentials should be changed or disabled during setup?
Antwoord
Disable the guest account when unused and replace default administrator names or passwords where policy requires it. Never leave vendor defaults active.
Kaart 378
Vraag
What happens in an on-path attack?
Antwoord
The attacker positions themselves between communicating parties to observe or alter traffic. Strong certificate validation and encryption help prevent it.
Kaart 379
Vraag
How do browser patches and extension controls work together?
Antwoord
Patches fix browser flaws; extension controls reduce code from untrusted add-ons. Keep only approved, necessary extensions.
Kaart 380
Vraag
How should a guest wireless network be separated from trusted devices?
Antwoord
Use a separate guest network with strong encryption and client isolation. Do not grant it access to internal files or management interfaces.
Kaart 381
Vraag
Why disable AutoRun and unused services?
Antwoord
They remove automatic execution paths and unnecessary attack surface. Confirm a service is not required before disabling it.
Kaart 382
Vraag
Which storage media can degaussing sanitize?
Antwoord
Magnetic media such as compatible hard drives and tapes, but only with an approved degausser rated for that exact medium. Flash storage such as SSDs cannot be sanitized this way. A drive becoming unusable does not prove its data was sanitized; follow and validate the approved procedure.
Kaart 383
Vraag
Why update anti-malware tools before the main removal scan?
Antwoord
Current definitions and engines can recognize newer threats. Scan in a safer environment, such as Safe Mode or approved recovery media, when appropriate.
Kaart 384
Vraag
What makes authentication multifactor?
Antwoord
It uses factors from at least two different categories, such as a password plus a hardware token or biometric. Two passwords are still one factor type.
Kaart 385
Vraag
Which encryption choice is appropriate for a WPA2 network?
Antwoord
AES-based CCMP. Avoid selecting older TKIP just to keep obsolete clients connected.
Kaart 386
Vraag
What is the basic endpoint patching sequence?
Antwoord
Inventory supported systems, deploy tested OS and application updates, verify success, and remediate failures. Endpoint security definitions need updates too.
Kaart 387
Vraag
Why should daily work use a standard account instead of an administrator account?
Antwoord
A standard account limits what mistakes or malware can change. Elevate only the specific approved task through UAC or Run as administrator.
Kaart 388
Vraag
When is reimaging safer than continuing to clean an infected PC?
Antwoord
Reimage when trust cannot be restored, the malware is deeply embedded, or policy requires a known-good build. Restore only verified clean data.
Kaart 389
Vraag
Why is TKIP a poor choice for a new wireless network?
Antwoord
TKIP is a legacy protocol with known security limits. Replace incompatible clients and use WPA2-AES or WPA3.
Kaart 390
Vraag
When is incineration an acceptable data-destruction method?
Antwoord
Only through an authorized facility that can handle the material safely and meet legal and environmental requirements.
Kaart 391
Vraag
What does private browsing protect on a shared computer?
Antwoord
It reduces local history and cookie retention after the session. It does not hide activity from the network or service, so sign out and clear sensitive data as policy requires.
Kaart 392
Vraag
How does a dictionary attack differ from a general brute-force attack?
Antwoord
A dictionary attack tries likely words and known password patterns; brute force systematically tries possibilities. Long, unique passwords and rate limits make both harder.
Kaart 393
Vraag
How do SSO and SAML commonly work together?
Antwoord
SSO lets one sign-in reach multiple services; SAML can carry trusted authentication claims between an identity provider and a service.
Kaart 394
Vraag
Why disable UPnP and unused inbound ports when they are not required?
Antwoord
They can create unnecessary paths into the network. Open only the specific service and source access the business needs.
Kaart 395
Vraag
What symptom often points to an unauthorized cryptominer?
Antwoord
Unexplained sustained CPU or GPU use, heat, fan noise, or power consumption. Confirm the process before removal.
Kaart 396
Vraag
What should an outsourced destruction vendor provide?
Antwoord
A traceable certificate of destruction or recycling tied to the assets. Confirm the vendor and chain of custody before release.
Kaart 397
Vraag
When is just-in-time privileged access safer than a standing admin account?
Antwoord
It grants elevated rights only for an approved task and limited time. Privileged access management can control and record that elevation.
Kaart 398
Vraag
What follow-up checks belong after malware removal?
Antwoord
Run updated scans, patch the system, schedule ongoing scans and updates, and verify normal behavior before reconnecting fully.
Kaart 399
Vraag
Which input flaws commonly enable SQL injection and cross-site scripting?
Antwoord
SQL injection reaches a database through unsafe query input; XSS injects script into content a browser renders. Use parameterized queries for SQL and context-aware output encoding for browser content.
Kaart 400
Vraag
Which mobile controls help after a managed phone is lost?
Antwoord
A locator, remote lock or wipe, device encryption, and a current remote backup. Test enrollment before the device disappears.
Kaart 401
Vraag
Which control is designed to detect or block sensitive data from leaving approved boundaries?
Antwoord
Data loss prevention, or DLP. It applies rules to data in use, in motion, or at rest according to policy.
Kaart 402
Vraag
When is port forwarding appropriate on a small network?
Antwoord
Use it only for an approved service that must receive inbound traffic. Prefer a screened subnet or other isolation for exposed systems, and document the narrow rule.
Kaart 403
Vraag
Why can fileless malware be hard to detect?
Antwoord
It relies heavily on memory and legitimate system tools instead of leaving a normal executable on disk. Behavior monitoring is especially useful.
Kaart 404
Vraag
Why are unpatched, end-of-life, or unmanaged BYOD systems a security risk?
Antwoord
They may lack current fixes, controls, or visibility. Enforce support and access policy instead of assuming a connected device is safe.
Kaart 405
Vraag
What must guide disposal of batteries, storage devices, and electronics?
Antwoord
Applicable data-retention, privacy, environmental, and recycling rules. Record asset disposition according to policy.
Kaart 406
Vraag
What should an email security gateway do before a message reaches the user?
Antwoord
Filter suspicious senders, links, attachments, and spoofing signals. Users should still verify unusual requests through a known channel.
Kaart 407
Vraag
Which service commonly provides centralized authentication for enterprise Wi-Fi?
Antwoord
RADIUS. It validates users or devices against a central identity source; TACACS+ is more commonly associated with network-device administration.
Kaart 408
Vraag
How does MDM reduce risk on BYOD and corporate-owned mobile devices?
Antwoord
MDM applies profiles, screen-lock rules, updates, app controls, and remote actions. The policy should clearly separate company requirements from personal privacy.
Kaart 409
Vraag
How does a potentially unwanted program differ from clearly malicious malware?
Antwoord
A PUP may be installed with nominal consent but still adds unwanted behavior, such as aggressive ads or browser changes. Remove it through approved tools and review bundled installers.
Kaart 410
Vraag
What should the technician explain to the user after a malware incident?
Antwoord
Explain the likely entry point and practical prevention steps, such as safer links, trusted downloads, updates, and prompt reporting.
Kaart 411
Vraag
What is the first useful action after a Windows blue-screen crash?
Antwoord
Record the stop code and recent changes, then check relevant logs and dumps. Do not replace hardware from the blue screen alone.
Kaart 412
Vraag
What should you try first when one mobile app will not launch?
Antwoord
Force-close the app, reopen it, and check for an update. If the problem persists, restart the device and verify the app still supports the OS.
Kaart 413
Vraag
What should you do after finding an unapproved app already installed on a managed phone?
Antwoord
Document it and follow policy to block or remove it through the approved mobile-management process. Do not open it for testing; if compromise is plausible, contain the phone and escalate before wiping evidence.
Kaart 414
Vraag
What should you do if a possibly infected PC suddenly cannot reach the network?
Antwoord
Check ordinary link and IP status, but keep the PC isolated if compromise is plausible. Do not weaken the firewall just to restore access.
Kaart 415
Vraag
Where should you start when Windows feels broadly slow?
Antwoord
Check Task Manager for CPU, memory, disk, and startup pressure. Correlate the bottleneck with recent apps, updates, storage, and temperature.
Kaart 416
Vraag
How should you handle a mobile app that repeatedly crashes while in use?
Antwoord
Reproduce the trigger, free needed resources, update the app and OS, and clear supported app cache or reinstall after protecting its data.
Kaart 417
Vraag
Why should developer mode be disabled on a normal user's mobile device?
Antwoord
It can expose debugging, installation, or control paths that normal operation does not need. Enable it only for an authorized task and turn it off afterward.
Kaart 418
Vraag
What do unfamiliar security alerts on the Windows desktop require?
Antwoord
Verify which installed product or process created them. Capture the message and avoid clicking it until its source is trusted.
Kaart 419
Vraag
What should you try when Windows reaches recovery but not the normal desktop?
Antwoord
Use Startup Repair or Safe Mode to isolate the boot problem. Back up accessible data before risky repair steps.
Kaart 420
Vraag
What commonly blocks a mobile app update?
Antwoord
Low storage, poor connectivity, account or store issues, device policy, or OS incompatibility. Read the exact store error before changing settings.
Kaart 421
Vraag
What security boundary changes when a phone is rooted or jailbroken?
Antwoord
Platform protections and app isolation may be bypassed. Treat the device as noncompliant and restore it through an approved process.
Kaart 422
Vraag
How can you recognize a fake antivirus warning?
Antwoord
It often uses urgent claims, an unfamiliar brand, or a demand to click, call, or pay. Open the approved security tool directly instead of using the alert.
Kaart 423
Vraag
What does a firmware message saying no operating system was found suggest checking first?
Antwoord
Check whether the system drive is detected and first in the intended boot order. Then inspect its connection, partition, and boot data.
Kaart 424
Vraag
What should you verify when a mobile app will not install?
Antwoord
Verify the source, device and OS compatibility, free storage, account licensing, and management policy.
Kaart 425
Vraag
What clues suggest a mobile app is spoofing a legitimate one?
Antwoord
A mismatched publisher, unusual icon or name, excessive permissions, unexpected sign-in, or an unofficial source. Verify the real listing before entering credentials.
Kaart 426
Vraag
What can unexplained renamed or missing personal files indicate?
Antwoord
Malware, ransomware, account misuse, sync trouble, or storage failure are possible. Isolate the scope and preserve evidence before recovery attempts.
Kaart 427
Vraag
What evidence helps separate thermal shutdowns from power failures?
Antwoord
Review temperatures, fan operation, vents, power events, and whether the failure follows load. Test one likely cause at a time.
Kaart 428
Vraag
Where should you start with a generally slow phone or tablet?
Antwoord
Check free storage, active downloads, background apps, battery condition, and pending updates. Restart before considering a reset.
Kaart 429
Vraag
What should unexplained high mobile network traffic make you inspect?
Antwoord
Inspect per-app data use, recent installations, cloud sync, hotspots, and management alerts. Isolate the device if malicious traffic is plausible.
Kaart 430
Vraag
What does sudden inability to open many files suggest checking?
Antwoord
Check extensions, ransom notes, permissions, storage health, and backup status. Widespread encryption may indicate ransomware.
Kaart 431
Vraag
What should you inspect when a Windows service will not start?
Antwoord
Check its startup type, dependencies, logon account, permissions, and Event Viewer message. Fix the recorded cause rather than repeatedly forcing a start.
Kaart 432
Vraag
A mobile OS update downloads but fails verification or installation. What should you try before resetting the device?
Antwoord
Record the exact error and check free storage first. Then use the OS vendor's supported controls to remove the incomplete update and download a fresh copy with reliable power and a stable network connection; use recovery only if the normal updater still fails.
Kaart 433
Vraag
How can security trouble cause degraded mobile response time?
Antwoord
A malicious or unwanted app may consume CPU, storage, or network resources. Compare resource use with recent apps before removing anything.
Kaart 434
Vraag
Where should you investigate unwanted Windows notifications?
Antwoord
Check notification settings, browser site permissions, startup apps, and recently installed software. Remove the source rather than only muting the symptom.
Kaart 435
Vraag
How should you isolate an application that keeps crashing?
Antwoord
Confirm the scope, reproduce it, check logs, update the app, and test its plug-ins or profile. Reinstall only after preserving needed settings and data.
Kaart 436
Vraag
How do you find the likely cause of sudden mobile battery drain?
Antwoord
Review battery usage by app and system feature, then compare with recent updates, signal conditions, screen use, and battery health.
Kaart 437
Vraag
What should you check after an unexpected mobile data-limit notification?
Antwoord
Review per-app usage and the billing period, then inspect background sync, hotspot use, updates, and unknown apps.
Kaart 438
Vraag
Why can repeated OS update failures be a security clue?
Antwoord
Malware may block updates, though storage, network, or service faults are also common. Investigate the exact error and other symptoms before deciding.
Kaart 439
Vraag
What should a low-memory warning lead you to inspect?
Antwoord
Inspect memory pressure, runaway processes, page-file health, and workload requirements. Closing one app may help briefly but does not explain repeated warnings.
Kaart 440
Vraag
What is a useful first isolation step for random mobile reboots?
Antwoord
Remove or disable the most recent app or configuration change, update the OS, and check storage and temperature. Back up before a reset.
Kaart 441
Vraag
What security setting can cause limited mobile internet access even with a good signal?
Antwoord
A bad VPN, proxy, DNS, content-filtering, or management profile can restrict traffic. Compare the configuration with approved policy.
Kaart 442
Vraag
What is a useful first check for random browser pop-ups?
Antwoord
Inspect site-notification permissions, extensions, startup pages, and recently installed software. Do not click inside the pop-up.
Kaart 443
Vraag
What is a sensible first response to a USB controller resource warning?
Antwoord
Disconnect nonessential USB devices, remove unpowered hubs, and check Device Manager. Then update the controller or chipset driver if the evidence supports it.
Kaart 444
Vraag
What is the normal first fix for a Bluetooth pairing problem?
Antwoord
Confirm both devices are discoverable and compatible, then forget the old pairing and pair again. Check distance, battery, and interference.
Kaart 445
Vraag
What should you do if normal connectivity checks pass but a phone still has no internet after a suspicious app install?
Antwoord
Isolate the phone, remove or quarantine the suspicious app through the approved process, and inspect VPN, proxy, DNS, and profile changes.
Kaart 446
Vraag
When does a browser certificate warning point to more than a bad website?
Antwoord
Warnings across several known-good sites can indicate wrong system time, interception, a proxy, or a trust-store problem. Compare on a trusted network and device.
Kaart 447
Vraag
What should you do when instability begins right after a driver update?
Antwoord
Roll back or replace that driver with a known-good supported version. Confirm stability before changing another component.
Kaart 448
Vraag
What should you check when one phone cannot join a known Wi-Fi network?
Antwoord
Confirm the network and password, toggle Wi-Fi, forget and rejoin the network, then compare with another device before resetting network settings.
Kaart 449
Vraag
What commonly causes a sudden flood of ads across a mobile device?
Antwoord
Adware or a PUP is likely, especially after a recent install. Identify the responsible app instead of tapping the ads.
Kaart 450
Vraag
What settings should you inspect when browser searches redirect unexpectedly?
Antwoord
Inspect the default search provider, home page, extensions, proxy, DNS, and hosts file. Record unauthorized changes before correcting them.
Kaart 451
Vraag
How can you test whether a slow Windows sign-in is tied to one user profile?
Antwoord
Sign in with a known-good local profile and compare. Then inspect profile corruption, startup items, scripts, and redirected resources.
Kaart 452
Vraag
What should you check when NFC works only intermittently?
Antwoord
Confirm NFC is enabled, unlock the device if required, align the NFC areas closely, and remove a case that may block the signal.
Kaart 453
Vraag
How should you respond to a mobile pop-up claiming the device is infected?
Antwoord
Treat it as a likely fake security warning. Do not tap its button; close the source, inspect recent apps or browser data, and scan with approved tools.
Kaart 454
Vraag
What should you compare when mobile data fails but Wi-Fi works?
Antwoord
Check airplane mode, cellular enablement, signal, data limits, SIM or eSIM state, carrier settings, and any provider outage.
Kaart 455
Vraag
What is the priority when personal files appear to have leaked from a mobile device?
Antwoord
Contain the device and affected accounts, preserve relevant evidence, and follow the incident process. Revoke exposed sessions or credentials from a trusted device.
Kaart 456
Vraag
Why might a mobile screen refuse to rotate?
Antwoord
Rotation lock may be enabled, the app may not support that orientation, or a motion sensor may be stuck. Check the setting before hardware diagnosis.
Kaart 457
Vraag
What can unexpected mobile actions, permission prompts, or settings changes indicate?
Antwoord
An unauthorized or compromised app may be acting on the device. Review recent installs, permissions, profiles, and account activity.
Kaart 458
Vraag
What makes a browser extension suspicious?
Antwoord
An unknown publisher, broad permissions, forced installation, hidden controls, or behavior unrelated to its stated job. Remove it through policy and inspect related changes.
Kaart 459
Vraag
What should you verify when a Windows update repeatedly fails?
Antwoord
Check free space, restart state, network access, update history, and the specific error. Apply the vendor's targeted repair steps for that code.
Kaart 460
Vraag
When should you reset a mobile device during troubleshooting?
Antwoord
Reset only after narrower fixes fail and a current backup exists. Confirm account credentials and management enrollment needed for recovery.
Kaart 461
Vraag
What causes system time to drift repeatedly after shutdown?
Antwoord
A failing CMOS battery is one possibility; a bad time source or synchronization setting is another. Check when the drift occurs before replacing anything.
Kaart 462
Vraag
What PC settings can malware alter to reroute traffic?
Antwoord
Proxy, DNS, browser, and hosts-file settings are common targets. Compare them with the approved network configuration.
Kaart 463
Vraag
How can a clean boot help with a Windows startup problem?
Antwoord
It starts Windows with a reduced set of nonessential services and startup items. Re-enable items in groups to identify the conflict.
Kaart 464
Vraag
How should you troubleshoot a browser that has become much slower than the rest of the PC?
Antwoord
Test without unneeded extensions, clear only appropriate cache data, check browser tasks, and compare a clean profile. Scan if the behavior is suspicious.
Kaart 465
Vraag
What is the safest next step when several mobile security symptoms appear together?
Antwoord
Disconnect or contain the device, document the symptoms, and escalate through the approved security process. Avoid wiping evidence unless the response plan authorizes it.
Kaart 466
Vraag
Which details belong at the start of a support ticket?
Antwoord
Record the user, device, contact method, affected service, and a clear issue description. Add the time and business impact when relevant.
Kaart 467
Vraag
When is sfc /scannow a useful Windows repair step?
Antwoord
Use it when protected system files may be damaged. Run it elevated and follow the result instead of assuming it fixes every boot or application fault.
Kaart 468
Vraag
What should you do before running a repair that may change a failing Windows disk?
Antwoord
Protect recoverable data first, then check drive health and file-system evidence. A repair tool is not a substitute for replacing failing storage.
Kaart 469
Vraag
What is the right overall response to convincing PC security symptoms?
Antwoord
Contain the system, document evidence, follow the malware or incident procedure, and restore trust with approved tools or a known-good image.
Kaart 470
Vraag
What does a full backup contain?
Antwoord
A full backup copies all selected data in that backup set. It is simple to restore but usually takes the most time and space to create.
Kaart 471
Vraag
Where should a technician look for handling and disposal guidance for a chemical product?
Antwoord
Use its current Safety Data Sheet and local policy. Follow the listed protective, spill, storage, and disposal instructions.
Kaart 472
Vraag
What should a change request state before technical planning begins?
Antwoord
State the purpose, scope, change type, affected systems, owner, and desired date. A clear request makes impact and approval review possible.
Kaart 473
Vraag
What does active listening look like in a support conversation?
Antwoord
Let the customer finish, ask focused questions, and restate the problem to confirm understanding. Avoid interrupting or jumping to a diagnosis.
Kaart 474
Vraag
What does chain of custody record during an incident?
Antwoord
It records who collected, handled, transferred, stored, and accessed evidence, with dates and purpose. This supports integrity and accountability.
Kaart 475
Vraag
What makes a ticket issue description useful to another technician?
Antwoord
It states expected and actual behavior, exact symptoms, scope, timing, and reproducible steps without guesses presented as facts.
Kaart 476
Vraag
What does an incremental backup copy?
Antwoord
It copies data changed since the most recent backup of any type. Backup runs are small, but recovery may need the last full plus every later incremental.
Kaart 477
Vraag
How should a technician respond to an angry customer?
Antwoord
Stay calm, acknowledge the impact, clarify the facts, and explain realistic next steps. Do not argue, blame, or dismiss the concern.
Kaart 478
Vraag
Why does order of volatility matter when collecting incident evidence?
Antwoord
More temporary data can disappear first. Follow the response plan to capture volatile information before less volatile storage when authorized.
Kaart 479
Vraag
Which script type is native to traditional Windows batch command processing?
Antwoord
A .bat file. VBScript uses .vbs for older Windows automation; review either script before running it with elevated rights.
Kaart 480
Vraag
How do ventilation and dust control affect equipment reliability?
Antwoord
Clear airflow removes heat; controlled dust cleanup prevents blocked vents and conductive buildup. Use equipment-safe compressed air or vacuums.
Kaart 481
Vraag
How should severity and escalation be recorded?
Antwoord
Tie severity to impact and urgency, then use the defined escalation level. Do not inflate it just to move the ticket faster.
Kaart 482
Vraag
Why create a forensic copy instead of investigating the original drive directly?
Antwoord
A verified copy preserves the original evidence and lets analysis proceed with less risk of alteration. Follow authorization and incident policy.
Kaart 483
Vraag
When is RDP a suitable remote-access choice?
Antwoord
Use RDP for an authorized Windows desktop session over a protected path. Limit exposed services, require strong authentication, and follow session policy.
Kaart 484
Vraag
How should an ESD strap be used during internal PC work?
Antwoord
Attach it to an approved ground point while working on powered-down equipment. Pair it with an ESD-safe work surface when available.
Kaart 485
Vraag
What protection does a UPS add beyond a surge suppressor?
Antwoord
A UPS provides temporary battery power and usually power conditioning, giving equipment time to ride through a brief outage or shut down safely.
Kaart 486
Vraag
What should progress and resolution notes contain?
Antwoord
Record tests, results, changes, timestamps, and the confirmed outcome. Another technician should be able to continue without repeating work.
Kaart 487
Vraag
Which data categories usually require stricter handling and retention rules?
Antwoord
Payment data, government identifiers, personally identifiable information, and healthcare data. Apply the relevant law, contract, and business policy.
Kaart 488
Vraag
Which support tasks can AI assist without making the final decision?
Antwoord
AI can help summarize tickets, draft user instructions, search approved knowledge, or suggest diagnostic paths. A technician must verify the result.
Kaart 489
Vraag
What is the first electrical-safety step before repairing a PC?
Antwoord
Shut it down and disconnect power. Follow the device's service procedure because some components can retain hazardous energy.
Kaart 490
Vraag
How do SSH and VNC differ for remote support?
Antwoord
SSH provides an encrypted command-line session; VNC shares a graphical desktop and needs its own secure transport and authentication configuration.
Kaart 491
Vraag
How should a technician set expectations for a repair?
Antwoord
Give a realistic timeline, explain options and dependencies, and send status updates when the estimate changes.
Kaart 492
Vraag
Which script type gives Windows administrators structured access to system management?
Antwoord
A PowerShell .ps1 script. Execution policy is not a malware boundary, so verify the source, signature, and contents.
Kaart 493
Vraag
What does a differential backup copy?
Antwoord
It copies data changed since the last full backup. Recovery normally needs the last full and the latest differential.
Kaart 494
Vraag
Why do change plans need both a backup plan and a rollback plan?
Antwoord
The backup protects data; the rollback returns the service to its prior state if the change fails. Define triggers and responsible staff before implementation.
Kaart 495
Vraag
How should loose components be handled and stored?
Antwoord
Hold boards by the edges, avoid contacts, and place them in antistatic packaging on an ESD-safe surface.
Kaart 496
Vraag
Why monitor both temperature and humidity in an equipment room?
Antwoord
Excess heat shortens component life; very low humidity raises static risk, while high humidity can cause condensation or corrosion.
Kaart 497
Vraag
What is a synthetic full backup?
Antwoord
It combines a previous full backup with later backup data to create a new full on the backup system. The source does not need to resend every file.
Kaart 498
Vraag
How do an asset tag and a CMDB serve different support needs?
Antwoord
The asset tag identifies the physical item; the CMDB records its configuration and relationships. Keep assignment, warranty, and licensing data current.
Kaart 499
Vraag
What should a technician verify before installing licensed software?
Antwoord
Verify a valid license, permitted user or device scope, and any EULA or DRM limits. Personal, corporate, perpetual, and open-source licenses grant different rights.
Kaart 500
Vraag
Which script type is commonly used for shell automation on Linux and macOS?
Antwoord
A .sh shell script. Its interpreter, permissions, quoting, and environment determine how it runs.
Kaart 501
Vraag
How do GFS rotation and the 3-2-1 backup rule differ?
Antwoord
GFS rotates daily, weekly, and monthly backup generations. The 3-2-1 rule keeps three copies on two different media/storage types, with one copy offsite. GFS organizes retention over time; 3-2-1 spreads copies across storage locations and failure modes.
Kaart 502
Vraag
Which personal protective steps matter for lifting or dusty repair work?
Antwoord
Use safe lifting technique and get help for heavy equipment; wear approved eye or breathing protection when the task creates those hazards.
Kaart 503
Vraag
What does a VPN add to a remote-management session?
Antwoord
It creates an encrypted network path to private resources. The remote tool still needs secure configuration, authentication, and least-privilege access.
Kaart 504
Vraag
What policy questions should come before using AI at work?
Antwoord
Check approved tools, allowed data, required disclosure, ownership rules, and whether the task permits AI assistance. Do not assume a public tool is approved.
Kaart 505
Vraag
Why should a technician avoid jargon when speaking with a customer?
Antwoord
Plain language helps the customer understand choices and give informed answers. Use a technical term only when it adds clarity, then explain it.
Kaart 506
Vraag
What is the value of sandbox testing and peer review before a change?
Antwoord
They expose technical mistakes and unexpected impact away from production. Record results and remaining risk.
Kaart 507
Vraag
What are practical entry-level uses for scripts in support work?
Antwoord
Scripts can collect information, remap drives, install approved apps, start updates, restart systems, or run backups consistently. Python .py and JavaScript .js files are common choices when the environment supports them.
Kaart 508
Vraag
What is the benefit and main risk of an RMM platform?
Antwoord
RMM can monitor and manage many endpoints centrally; compromise or misuse can reach many endpoints too. Protect the console with strong access controls, logging, and updates.
Kaart 509
Vraag
How should a technician handle a confident AI answer?
Antwoord
Verify it against trusted evidence. AI can hallucinate, carry bias, miss context, or present outdated information fluently.
Kaart 510
Vraag
How do surges, brownouts, and blackouts differ?
Antwoord
A surge is excess voltage, a brownout is reduced voltage, and a blackout is a loss of power. Match surge protection and UPS capacity to the equipment.
Kaart 511
Vraag
What must you review before running an unfamiliar support script?
Antwoord
Review its source, inputs, privileges, target systems, resource use, network actions, error handling, and rollback. A script can spread malware or change many systems quickly.
Kaart 512
Vraag
How do an NDA and an acceptable use policy serve different purposes?
Antwoord
An NDA restricts disclosure of protected information; an AUP defines permitted use of systems and data. Follow both along with incident and compliance rules.
Kaart 513
Vraag
When should a normal change wait even if the technical work is ready?
Antwoord
Wait for required approval and an allowed maintenance window. Respect change freezes unless the approved emergency process applies.
Kaart 514
Vraag
Which support document should guide a repeatable task with an agreed method?
Antwoord
Use the relevant SOP or checklist. Consult the SLA for service commitments and the knowledge base for reusable diagnosis or resolution guidance.
Kaart 515
Vraag
What should a technician do if arriving late is unavoidable?
Antwoord
Contact the customer promptly, give an honest revised time, and keep the new commitment. Document service provided and follow up as promised.
Kaart 516
Vraag
What safety problems does good cable management prevent?
Antwoord
It reduces trip hazards, blocked airflow, connector strain, and accidental disconnection. Keep cables clear of heat and emergency access.
Kaart 517
Vraag
How do you know a backup is usable?
Antwoord
Test restores on a defined schedule. Verify data integrity and practice both overwrite recovery and recovery to an alternative location.
Kaart 518
Vraag
What closes a well-managed change?
Antwoord
Verify the implementation, obtain required user acceptance, update documentation, and review the outcome. Trigger rollback if the defined failure criteria occur.
Kaart 519
Vraag
How should a technician handle private material visible on a customer's device?
Antwoord
View only what the task requires, avoid copying or discussing it, and follow privacy policy. Maintain professional appearance and conduct in the customer's environment.
Kaart 520
Vraag
What data boundary applies when prompting a public AI service?
Antwoord
Never send credentials or secrets to a public AI service. Keep private customer data, regulated data, proprietary code, and incident evidence out as well. An approved enterprise AI service is a separate case: use it only under the organization's data policy and contractual controls, and still never paste credentials or secrets.

A generic laptop and computer repair tools arranged on a dark technical workbench with abstract network lights.

520 kaarten

CompTIA A+ 220-1201 & 220-1202 Flashcards: Core 1 and Core 2

Gratis leren met dit deck

Nibomo opent zodat je meteen kunt beginnen met leren.

Over dit deck

CompTIA A+ 220-1201 & 220-1202 Flashcards: Core 1 and Core 2

What the cards practice

Learning order

Labs and PBQs

Scope, provenance, and reuse

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