What is the safe response to a swollen mobile-device battery?

Power the device off, disconnect external power, and isolate it for approved battery service. Don't charge, puncture, press, or keep using the battery.

Which RAM form factor is common in serviceable laptops?

A SO-DIMM. Match its DDR generation, capacity support, and other platform requirements before installation.

What should you confirm before replacing laptop keys or a keyboard?

Confirm the model's replaceable unit and service procedure. Some keys are individually serviceable; other designs require the keyboard or full top case.

What protects data during a laptop HDD or SSD replacement?

A verified backup and migration plan. Also match the replacement drive's interface, form factor, and supported capacity.

How should tiny antenna leads be handled during wireless-card service?

Label their positions, lift each connector straight up with the proper tool, and reconnect it to the marked terminal. Pulling the wire can damage the lead.

Which built-in laptop components commonly provide physical privacy or identity checks?

Components such as fingerprint or facial-recognition hardware and near-field credential readers. Their firmware, drivers, permissions, and enrollment must all support the feature.

Why does Wi-Fi antenna placement matter after a laptop repair?

Correct routing and terminal placement preserve signal quality. A pinched cable, loose connector, or swapped main/aux lead can weaken wireless performance.

A replacement laptop camera has no image. What should you check before replacing it again?

Check its internal cable, privacy shutter or switch, firmware detection, driver, and app permission. A hardware replacement won't fix a blocked camera setting.

A built-in mobile-device microphone is silent. What should you check first?

Check the selected input, mute state, app permission, and microphone opening. Then inspect the internal connection if every app fails.

Why disconnect the internal battery before replacing laptop RAM, storage, or a display assembly?

To remove standby power from the board and reduce short-circuit risk. Follow the model's shutdown and battery-disconnection procedure.

What should guide any field replacement inside a thin mobile device?

The manufacturer's service instructions, warranty terms, and ESD precautions. Adhesives, hidden cables, and replaceable assemblies vary by model.

How do USB-C, microUSB, and miniUSB differ?

They are different connector shapes. USB-C is reversible; microUSB and miniUSB are older keyed designs, and none of the shapes alone guarantees a data speed.

What can a laptop docking station add through one host connection?

Power, displays, networking, storage, and peripheral ports. The host, dock, cable, and software must support the promised features.

What must match for a stylus to support pressure or precision input?

The stylus technology and the device's digitizer. A generic capacitive stylus may act like a finger but can't add unsupported active-pen features.

Which connector is associated with many older Apple mobile devices?

Lightning. Match the cable to the actual model because newer Apple devices may use USB-C.

How do a headset, external speaker, and webcam extend a mobile workstation?

A headset adds private audio input/output, a speaker adds room audio, and a webcam adds video input. Select each one in the app after connecting it.

How do a trackpad, drawing pad, and trackpoint differ?

A trackpad senses finger gestures, a drawing pad captures pen input, and a trackpoint moves the pointer from a small keyboard-mounted stick.

What is NFC commonly used for on a mobile device?

Very short-range exchanges such as tap-to-pay, credential reading, or quick pairing. Its short working distance supports deliberate tap-style use.

How is a port replicator different from a full docking station?

A port replicator mainly exposes additional connectors; a dock commonly adds broader capabilities such as charging, displays, or networking. Verify the product's actual feature list.

Which connection is the usual choice for nearby mobile headsets and keyboards?

Bluetooth. It provides short-range wireless accessory links with relatively low power use.

What does mobile tethering or hotspot mode do?

It shares the device's internet connection with another client, commonly over Wi-Fi, USB, or Bluetooth. The carrier plan may limit tethering or data use.

How do 3G, 4G, and 5G relate on a mobile device?

They are cellular network generations. Newer generations can offer more capacity or lower latency, but the device, SIM or eSIM, plan, coverage, and local network determine service.

What is the practical difference between a SIM and an eSIM?

A SIM is a removable identity module; an eSIM stores a carrier profile in embedded hardware. Both associate the device with cellular service.

What sequence pairs a Bluetooth accessory safely?

Enable Bluetooth, put the accessory in pairing mode, select the intended device, confirm any PIN or code, and test the connection.

How do GPS and cellular location services complement each other?

GPS derives position from satellites, while cellular and nearby-network data can speed or assist location. App permission and device settings control access.

Which radios should you check when a phone has neither local Wi-Fi nor wide-area data?

Check Wi-Fi and cellular data separately, along with airplane mode. One radio can be disabled while the other remains available.

What should you verify when adding mail to a mobile device?

Verify the account, credentials, incoming and outgoing server settings, security method, and network access. A correct password can't repair a wrong server setting.

A phone can browse on Wi-Fi but not through its hotspot. What should you check?

Check that hotspot service is enabled, cellular data works, the plan permits tethering, and the client has the correct hotspot password.

How should you test a newly configured mobile connection?

Test the intended path and service: join the correct network or carrier, verify addressing or signal, then open the required app or destination.

What does mobile device management provide?

Central enrollment, device configuration, policy enforcement, corporate-app deployment, inventory, and approved remote actions.

How do corporate-owned and BYOD management profiles usually differ?

Corporate-owned devices normally allow broader organizational control; BYOD profiles should isolate managed work data and respect the user's personal data under policy.

What should be checked when calendar, contacts, or business mail stops synchronizing?

Check connectivity, account sign-in, sync scope, device time, storage, and service status before removing the account.

Why do data caps matter to mobile synchronization?

Large mail, cloud-storage, or app sync jobs can consume metered cellular data. Choose what syncs and whether Wi-Fi is required.

When is an MDM remote wipe appropriate?

When policy authorizes removal of protected data from a lost, stolen, retired, or reassigned device. Confirm the exact device and wipe scope first.

What is the point of separating corporate apps and data on a personal phone?

It lets the organization enforce work controls and remove managed data without treating the user's whole device as corporate property.

How do TCP and UDP differ?

TCP provides connection-oriented, ordered, acknowledged delivery; UDP sends low-overhead datagrams without built-in ordering or retransmission.

Which ports are associated with classic FTP?

TCP 21 carries control traffic, and TCP 20 is the traditional active-mode data port. FTP doesn't encrypt credentials or content by itself.

Which default port does SSH use, and what does it provide?

TCP 22. SSH provides encrypted remote command-line access and related secure services.

Which default port is traditionally used for SMTP server-to-server relay?

TCP 25. Mail clients commonly submit outgoing mail through a separate authenticated service.

Which port does DNS use?

Port 53: usually UDP for ordinary queries and TCP when the response or operation requires it.

Which ports carry DHCP client and server traffic?

UDP 68 for the client and UDP 67 for the server. A new client can broadcast before it has an address.

Which ports distinguish HTTP from HTTPS?

HTTP normally uses TCP 80; HTTPS normally uses TCP 443 and protects the session with TLS.

Which default port does POP3 use without TLS?

TCP 110. POP3 commonly downloads messages rather than synchronizing server-side folders like IMAP.

Which ports are associated with NetBIOS over TCP/IP?

Ports 137–139. Name service commonly uses 137, datagram service 138, and session service TCP 139.

Which default port does LDAP use?

Port 389, commonly TCP. LDAP provides directory queries and updates; protect credentials with an approved secure configuration.

Which default port does SMB/CIFS commonly use?

TCP 445. SMB commonly carries file and printer sharing.

Which default port does RDP use?

TCP 3389. RDP provides remote graphical access to a Windows system.

Which default port does Telnet use, and why is it avoided on untrusted networks?

TCP 23. Telnet sends remote-terminal traffic without SSH's encryption.

Which default port does IMAP use without TLS?

TCP 143. IMAP keeps mailbox state and folders synchronized on the server.

How do common 802.11 families map to Wi-Fi bands?

802.11b/g use 2.4 GHz; 802.11a/ac use 5 GHz; 802.11n can use 2.4 or 5 GHz; 802.11ax can use 2.4 or 5 GHz, with Wi-Fi 6E extending it to 6 GHz.

What is the tradeoff when selecting a wider Wi-Fi channel?

A wider channel can carry more data but occupies more spectrum and may overlap more neighbors. Use a width that clients, regulations, and local conditions support.

CompTIA A+ 220-1201 & 220-1202 Flashcards: Core 1 and Core 2

Review current CompTIA A+ V15 Core 1 and Core 2 objectives with original flashcards for hardware, networking, operating systems, security, commands, and troubleshooting.

Tác giả Open Study Contributor

Về bộ thẻ này

CompTIA A+ 220-1201 & 220-1202 Flashcards: Core 1 and Core 2

Review the current V15 knowledge behind both CompTIA A+ exams in one 520-card package: 270 cards for Core 1 and 250 for Core 2. The deck covers mobile devices, networking, hardware, virtualization, cloud concepts, operating systems, security, commands, software support, operational procedures, and troubleshooting.

What the cards practice

The cards connect technologies, components, protocols, commands, and common acronyms with their purposes and key behavior. Separate retrieval prompts also work in the useful opposite direction: a technician task or requirement points to the right tool, setting, command, connector, or protocol. Short support scenarios ask for a likely cause, the first useful check, or the next corrective action. Ordered workflows are practiced only when the order matters on the job.

The deck does not mechanically reverse every fact or turn every source bullet into a card. It leaves out low-value acronym production, giant list prompts, unstable click paths, advanced material beyond the V15 entry-level boundary, and near-duplicate wording made only to increase the count.

Learning order

Core 1 starts with mobile hardware and connections, then builds through networking, physical hardware, virtualization, and cloud concepts before applying them to hardware and network troubleshooting. Core 2 moves from operating-system foundations into tools, commands, configuration, security, software troubleshooting, and day-to-day support operations. Inside each topic, recognition comes before selection and short diagnosis. Related forward and reverse cards are kept apart so one prompt does not give away the next.

Labs and PBQs

Flashcards are useful for recall and compact scenario decisions. They do not reproduce hands-on labs, performance-based questions, live command output, or the pressure and ambiguity of the certification exams. Use a real machine, lab environment, and lawful practice tests alongside this deck for installation, configuration, repair, and PBQ-style work.

Scope, provenance, and reuse

The live CompTIA Core 1 and Core 2 V15 pages and the current version 4.0 objective PDFs were reviewed on September 1, 2026. Both PDFs were last modified on November 25, 2025. They were used only to check the exam version, domain boundaries, weighting, and technical scope. Common technical facts are explained in original language and organized for retrieval practice. Public overview pages from three study tools were compared only for structure and learner expectations; their cards, questions, examples, explanations, and course text were not drafting input.

The Common knowledge · CC0 1.0 label applies to the deck’s original prompts, answers, organization, metadata, and generated cover to the extent applicable rights exist. It does not claim ownership of technical facts, CompTIA names, or third-party source material.

This deck is independently authored and unofficial. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by CompTIA, Inc., and it uses no CompTIA logo or official trade dress.

No CompTIA exam questions, answers, performance-based questions, mark schemes, or objective wording were copied.

Current official requirements: Core 1 V15 (220-1201), Core 1 objectives PDF, Core 2 V15 (220-1202), and Core 2 objectives PDF.

Thẻ trong bộ này

Thẻ 1
Câu hỏi
What is the safe response to a swollen mobile-device battery?
Câu trả lời
Power the device off, disconnect external power, and isolate it for approved battery service. Don't charge, puncture, press, or keep using the battery.
Thẻ 2
Câu hỏi
Which RAM form factor is common in serviceable laptops?
Câu trả lời
A SO-DIMM. Match its DDR generation, capacity support, and other platform requirements before installation.
Thẻ 3
Câu hỏi
What should you confirm before replacing laptop keys or a keyboard?
Câu trả lời
Confirm the model's replaceable unit and service procedure. Some keys are individually serviceable; other designs require the keyboard or full top case.
Thẻ 4
Câu hỏi
What protects data during a laptop HDD or SSD replacement?
Câu trả lời
A verified backup and migration plan. Also match the replacement drive's interface, form factor, and supported capacity.
Thẻ 5
Câu hỏi
How should tiny antenna leads be handled during wireless-card service?
Câu trả lời
Label their positions, lift each connector straight up with the proper tool, and reconnect it to the marked terminal. Pulling the wire can damage the lead.
Thẻ 6
Câu hỏi
Which built-in laptop components commonly provide physical privacy or identity checks?
Câu trả lời
Components such as fingerprint or facial-recognition hardware and near-field credential readers. Their firmware, drivers, permissions, and enrollment must all support the feature.
Thẻ 7
Câu hỏi
Why does Wi-Fi antenna placement matter after a laptop repair?
Câu trả lời
Correct routing and terminal placement preserve signal quality. A pinched cable, loose connector, or swapped main/aux lead can weaken wireless performance.
Thẻ 8
Câu hỏi
A replacement laptop camera has no image. What should you check before replacing it again?
Câu trả lời
Check its internal cable, privacy shutter or switch, firmware detection, driver, and app permission. A hardware replacement won't fix a blocked camera setting.
Thẻ 9
Câu hỏi
A built-in mobile-device microphone is silent. What should you check first?
Câu trả lời
Check the selected input, mute state, app permission, and microphone opening. Then inspect the internal connection if every app fails.
Thẻ 10
Câu hỏi
Why disconnect the internal battery before replacing laptop RAM, storage, or a display assembly?
Câu trả lời
To remove standby power from the board and reduce short-circuit risk. Follow the model's shutdown and battery-disconnection procedure.
Thẻ 11
Câu hỏi
What should guide any field replacement inside a thin mobile device?
Câu trả lời
The manufacturer's service instructions, warranty terms, and ESD precautions. Adhesives, hidden cables, and replaceable assemblies vary by model.
Thẻ 12
Câu hỏi
How do USB-C, microUSB, and miniUSB differ?
Câu trả lời
They are different connector shapes. USB-C is reversible; microUSB and miniUSB are older keyed designs, and none of the shapes alone guarantees a data speed.
Thẻ 13
Câu hỏi
What can a laptop docking station add through one host connection?
Câu trả lời
Power, displays, networking, storage, and peripheral ports. The host, dock, cable, and software must support the promised features.
Thẻ 14
Câu hỏi
What must match for a stylus to support pressure or precision input?
Câu trả lời
The stylus technology and the device's digitizer. A generic capacitive stylus may act like a finger but can't add unsupported active-pen features.
Thẻ 15
Câu hỏi
Which connector is associated with many older Apple mobile devices?
Câu trả lời
Lightning. Match the cable to the actual model because newer Apple devices may use USB-C.
Thẻ 16
Câu hỏi
How do a headset, external speaker, and webcam extend a mobile workstation?
Câu trả lời
A headset adds private audio input/output, a speaker adds room audio, and a webcam adds video input. Select each one in the app after connecting it.
Thẻ 17
Câu hỏi
How do a trackpad, drawing pad, and trackpoint differ?
Câu trả lời
A trackpad senses finger gestures, a drawing pad captures pen input, and a trackpoint moves the pointer from a small keyboard-mounted stick.
Thẻ 18
Câu hỏi
What is NFC commonly used for on a mobile device?
Câu trả lời
Very short-range exchanges such as tap-to-pay, credential reading, or quick pairing. Its short working distance supports deliberate tap-style use.
Thẻ 19
Câu hỏi
How is a port replicator different from a full docking station?
Câu trả lời
A port replicator mainly exposes additional connectors; a dock commonly adds broader capabilities such as charging, displays, or networking. Verify the product's actual feature list.
Thẻ 20
Câu hỏi
Which connection is the usual choice for nearby mobile headsets and keyboards?
Câu trả lời
Bluetooth. It provides short-range wireless accessory links with relatively low power use.
Thẻ 21
Câu hỏi
What does mobile tethering or hotspot mode do?
Câu trả lời
It shares the device's internet connection with another client, commonly over Wi-Fi, USB, or Bluetooth. The carrier plan may limit tethering or data use.
Thẻ 22
Câu hỏi
How do 3G, 4G, and 5G relate on a mobile device?
Câu trả lời
They are cellular network generations. Newer generations can offer more capacity or lower latency, but the device, SIM or eSIM, plan, coverage, and local network determine service.
Thẻ 23
Câu hỏi
What is the practical difference between a SIM and an eSIM?
Câu trả lời
A SIM is a removable identity module; an eSIM stores a carrier profile in embedded hardware. Both associate the device with cellular service.
Thẻ 24
Câu hỏi
What sequence pairs a Bluetooth accessory safely?
Câu trả lời
Enable Bluetooth, put the accessory in pairing mode, select the intended device, confirm any PIN or code, and test the connection.
Thẻ 25
Câu hỏi
How do GPS and cellular location services complement each other?
Câu trả lời
GPS derives position from satellites, while cellular and nearby-network data can speed or assist location. App permission and device settings control access.
Thẻ 26
Câu hỏi
Which radios should you check when a phone has neither local Wi-Fi nor wide-area data?
Câu trả lời
Check Wi-Fi and cellular data separately, along with airplane mode. One radio can be disabled while the other remains available.
Thẻ 27
Câu hỏi
What should you verify when adding mail to a mobile device?
Câu trả lời
Verify the account, credentials, incoming and outgoing server settings, security method, and network access. A correct password can't repair a wrong server setting.
Thẻ 28
Câu hỏi
A phone can browse on Wi-Fi but not through its hotspot. What should you check?
Câu trả lời
Check that hotspot service is enabled, cellular data works, the plan permits tethering, and the client has the correct hotspot password.
Thẻ 29
Câu hỏi
How should you test a newly configured mobile connection?
Câu trả lời
Test the intended path and service: join the correct network or carrier, verify addressing or signal, then open the required app or destination.
Thẻ 30
Câu hỏi
What does mobile device management provide?
Câu trả lời
Central enrollment, device configuration, policy enforcement, corporate-app deployment, inventory, and approved remote actions.
Thẻ 31
Câu hỏi
How do corporate-owned and BYOD management profiles usually differ?
Câu trả lời
Corporate-owned devices normally allow broader organizational control; BYOD profiles should isolate managed work data and respect the user's personal data under policy.
Thẻ 32
Câu hỏi
What should be checked when calendar, contacts, or business mail stops synchronizing?
Câu trả lời
Check connectivity, account sign-in, sync scope, device time, storage, and service status before removing the account.
Thẻ 33
Câu hỏi
Why do data caps matter to mobile synchronization?
Câu trả lời
Large mail, cloud-storage, or app sync jobs can consume metered cellular data. Choose what syncs and whether Wi-Fi is required.
Thẻ 34
Câu hỏi
When is an MDM remote wipe appropriate?
Câu trả lời
When policy authorizes removal of protected data from a lost, stolen, retired, or reassigned device. Confirm the exact device and wipe scope first.
Thẻ 35
Câu hỏi
What is the point of separating corporate apps and data on a personal phone?
Câu trả lời
It lets the organization enforce work controls and remove managed data without treating the user's whole device as corporate property.
Thẻ 36
Câu hỏi
How do TCP and UDP differ?
Câu trả lời
TCP provides connection-oriented, ordered, acknowledged delivery; UDP sends low-overhead datagrams without built-in ordering or retransmission.
Thẻ 37
Câu hỏi
Which ports are associated with classic FTP?
Câu trả lời
TCP 21 carries control traffic, and TCP 20 is the traditional active-mode data port. FTP doesn't encrypt credentials or content by itself.
Thẻ 38
Câu hỏi
Which default port does SSH use, and what does it provide?
Câu trả lời
TCP 22. SSH provides encrypted remote command-line access and related secure services.
Thẻ 39
Câu hỏi
Which default port is traditionally used for SMTP server-to-server relay?
Câu trả lời
TCP 25. Mail clients commonly submit outgoing mail through a separate authenticated service.
Thẻ 40
Câu hỏi
Which port does DNS use?
Câu trả lời
Port 53: usually UDP for ordinary queries and TCP when the response or operation requires it.
Thẻ 41
Câu hỏi
Which ports carry DHCP client and server traffic?
Câu trả lời
UDP 68 for the client and UDP 67 for the server. A new client can broadcast before it has an address.
Thẻ 42
Câu hỏi
Which ports distinguish HTTP from HTTPS?
Câu trả lời
HTTP normally uses TCP 80; HTTPS normally uses TCP 443 and protects the session with TLS.
Thẻ 43
Câu hỏi
Which default port does POP3 use without TLS?
Câu trả lời
TCP 110. POP3 commonly downloads messages rather than synchronizing server-side folders like IMAP.
Thẻ 44
Câu hỏi
Which ports are associated with NetBIOS over TCP/IP?
Câu trả lời
Ports 137–139. Name service commonly uses 137, datagram service 138, and session service TCP 139.
Thẻ 45
Câu hỏi
Which default port does LDAP use?
Câu trả lời
Port 389, commonly TCP. LDAP provides directory queries and updates; protect credentials with an approved secure configuration.
Thẻ 46
Câu hỏi
Which default port does SMB/CIFS commonly use?
Câu trả lời
TCP 445. SMB commonly carries file and printer sharing.
Thẻ 47
Câu hỏi
Which default port does RDP use?
Câu trả lời
TCP 3389. RDP provides remote graphical access to a Windows system.
Thẻ 48
Câu hỏi
Which default port does Telnet use, and why is it avoided on untrusted networks?
Câu trả lời
TCP 23. Telnet sends remote-terminal traffic without SSH's encryption.
Thẻ 49
Câu hỏi
Which default port does IMAP use without TLS?
Câu trả lời
TCP 143. IMAP keeps mailbox state and folders synchronized on the server.
Thẻ 50
Câu hỏi
How do common 802.11 families map to Wi-Fi bands?
Câu trả lời
802.11b/g use 2.4 GHz; 802.11a/ac use 5 GHz; 802.11n can use 2.4 or 5 GHz; 802.11ax can use 2.4 or 5 GHz, with Wi-Fi 6E extending it to 6 GHz.
Thẻ 51
Câu hỏi
What is the tradeoff when selecting a wider Wi-Fi channel?
Câu trả lời
A wider channel can carry more data but occupies more spectrum and may overlap more neighbors. Use a width that clients, regulations, and local conditions support.
Thẻ 52
Câu hỏi
What networking role does Bluetooth fill?
Câu trả lời
Short-range personal-area links for accessories and nearby devices. It trades range and throughput for convenience and relatively low power use.
Thẻ 53
Câu hỏi
How do the 2.4, 5, and 6 GHz Wi-Fi bands generally differ?
Câu trả lời
2.4 GHz usually reaches farther but is crowded; 5 GHz offers more capacity with less wall penetration; 6 GHz adds clean spectrum for compatible devices but typically has the shortest reach.
Thẻ 54
Câu hỏi
How does NFC differ from general-purpose Wi-Fi?
Câu trả lời
NFC handles deliberate, very short-range exchanges; Wi-Fi provides a longer-range network connection with much higher throughput.
Thẻ 55
Câu hỏi
What should guide Wi-Fi channel selection?
Câu trả lời
Local regulations, a spectrum or Wi-Fi survey, channel width, band support, interference, and neighboring use. Choose from measured conditions, then retest where users work.
Thẻ 56
Câu hỏi
What is RFID used for?
Câu trả lời
Identifying or tracking tagged objects by radio. Readers can work with passive or powered tags at ranges set by the RFID system.
Thẻ 57
Câu hỏi
What distinguishes Wi-Fi 6E from ordinary Wi-Fi 6 operation?
Câu trả lời
Wi-Fi 6E permits compatible 802.11ax devices to use the 6 GHz band. Both the client and access point must support that band.
Thẻ 58
Câu hỏi
How do DNS and DHCP server roles differ?
Câu trả lời
DNS resolves names to records; DHCP leases IP configuration such as an address, mask, gateway, and DNS servers.
Thẻ 59
Câu hỏi
How do file and print servers centralize shared resources?
Câu trả lời
A file server hosts shared data and permissions; a print server manages printer queues, drivers, and access.
Thẻ 60
Câu hỏi
How do mail and web servers differ?
Câu trả lời
A mail server transfers or stores messages; a web server returns site or application content over HTTP or HTTPS.
Thẻ 61
Câu hỏi
Why would a network use both syslog and NTP servers?
Câu trả lời
Syslog centralizes event messages, while NTP aligns device clocks so those events have comparable timestamps.
Thẻ 62
Câu hỏi
How do AAA and database servers differ?
Câu trả lời
An AAA server handles authentication, authorization, and accounting; a database server stores and queries structured application data.
Thẻ 63
Câu hỏi
How do a spam gateway and a proxy serve different traffic?
Câu trả lời
A spam gateway filters mail flow; a proxy relays client requests and may enforce filtering, logging, or caching for supported services.
Thẻ 64
Câu hỏi
How do a UTM appliance and a load balancer differ?
Câu trả lời
A UTM combines gateway security controls; a load balancer distributes requests across service instances for capacity or availability.
Thẻ 65
Câu hỏi
Why do legacy and embedded network systems need cautious support planning?
Câu trả lời
They may have fixed software, limited interfaces, or long service lives. Isolate them, preserve required compatibility, and change them only within vendor and operational constraints.
Thẻ 66
Câu hỏi
What does SCADA monitor or control?
Câu trả lời
Industrial processes and equipment. Availability and physical safety requirements belong in every support decision.
Thẻ 67
Câu hỏi
Why are IoT devices often placed on a separate network?
Câu trả lời
Segmentation limits what an outdated or compromised device can reach and makes its traffic easier to manage.
Thẻ 68
Câu hỏi
Match DNS A, AAAA, CNAME, and MX records to their jobs.
Câu trả lời
A maps a hostname to IPv4, AAAA maps it to IPv6, CNAME aliases one hostname to another, and MX identifies a domain's mail exchangers.
Thẻ 69
Câu hỏi
How do a DHCP scope and exclusion differ?
Câu trả lời
The scope defines the address pool and options DHCP can offer; an exclusion removes selected addresses from automatic leasing.
Thẻ 70
Câu hỏi
What does a VLAN create on switched infrastructure?
Câu trả lời
A logical Layer 2 broadcast domain. It separates traffic without requiring a different physical switch for every segment.
Thẻ 71
Câu hỏi
What does a VPN protect?
Câu trả lời
Traffic across an untrusted network by creating an authenticated encrypted tunnel. Endpoint security and resource permissions still matter.
Thẻ 72
Câu hỏi
How do DNS TXT records support SPF, DKIM, and DMARC?
Câu trả lời
TXT records publish mail-policy data: SPF lists authorized senders, DKIM exposes keys for signature checks, and DMARC sets alignment policy and reporting.
Thẻ 73
Câu hỏi
How do a DHCP lease and reservation differ?
Câu trả lời
A lease is a time-limited address assignment; a reservation consistently offers a chosen address to a specific client, usually by MAC address.
Thẻ 74
Câu hỏi
How do access and trunk switch ports handle VLANs?
Câu trả lời
An access port normally carries one endpoint VLAN; a trunk carries tagged traffic for multiple VLANs.
Thẻ 75
Câu hỏi
When would you choose a site-to-site VPN instead of a client VPN?
Câu trả lời
Choose site-to-site for a persistent protected link between networks; choose a client VPN for an individual endpoint connecting remotely.
Thẻ 76
Câu hỏi
How do routers and Ethernet switches differ?
Câu trả lời
A router forwards packets between IP networks; a switch forwards local frames using learned MAC-address locations.
Thẻ 77
Câu hỏi
What does a wireless access point do?
Câu trả lời
It bridges compatible wireless clients onto a wired LAN. Routing, DHCP, and internet access may come from other devices.
Thẻ 78
Câu hỏi
What is a patch panel's role?
Câu trả lời
It passively terminates and organizes permanent cable runs. Patch cords connect those runs to active equipment such as switches.
Thẻ 79
Câu hỏi
What is a firewall's core job?
Câu trả lời
It permits or blocks traffic according to security rules. Logs help explain why expected traffic was accepted or denied.
Thẻ 80
Câu hỏi
How do managed and unmanaged switches differ?
Câu trả lời
A managed switch exposes configuration and monitoring such as VLANs; an unmanaged switch provides basic switching with little or no administration.
Thẻ 81
Câu hỏi
How can PoE be supplied, and what must match?
Câu trả lời
A PoE switch or injector can supply it. The source standard, powered device, cable, per-port state, and total power budget must be compatible.
Thẻ 82
Câu hỏi
Match cable modem, DSL modem, ONT, and NIC to their access roles.
Câu trả lời
Cable and DSL modems terminate coax and telephone-copper services; an ONT terminates provider fiber; a NIC connects the host and carries its physical MAC address.
Thẻ 83
Câu hỏi
How do private and public IPv4 addresses differ?
Câu trả lời
Private ranges are used inside networks and aren't routed on the public internet; a public address is globally routable when assigned. NAT often translates between them.
Thẻ 84
Câu hỏi
What does a 169.254.x.x IPv4 address usually indicate?
Câu trả lời
APIPA self-assignment after the host failed to obtain DHCP configuration. Check the link and path to DHCP.
Thẻ 85
Câu hỏi
When should a SOHO device use static rather than dynamic IP configuration?
Câu trả lời
Use static or reserved addressing when a predictable endpoint is required; use DHCP for ordinary clients that can accept leased settings.
Thẻ 86
Câu hỏi
What does an IPv4 subnet mask tell a host?
Câu trả lời
Which address bits identify the local network. The host uses it to decide whether to send directly or through a gateway.
Thẻ 87
Câu hỏi
How does IPv6 addressing differ from IPv4 addressing?
Câu trả lời
IPv6 uses 128-bit hexadecimal addresses; IPv4 uses 32-bit dotted-decimal addresses. Both still require correct local and routing configuration.
Thẻ 88
Câu hỏi
What does a default gateway provide?
Câu trả lời
The next hop for destinations outside the local subnet. It is normally the local router interface for that network.
Thẻ 89
Câu hỏi
How do fiber, cable, and DSL internet access differ?
Câu trả lời
Fiber carries light and offers high capacity; cable uses a shared coax access network; DSL carries broadband over telephone copper and depends strongly on line distance and quality.
Thẻ 90
Câu hỏi
How do PAN, LAN, and WLAN differ?
Câu trả lời
A PAN links one person's nearby devices, a LAN serves a local site, and a WLAN is the wireless form of a local-area network.
Thẻ 91
Câu hỏi
When are cellular, WISP, and satellite internet useful?
Câu trả lời
Cellular uses mobile coverage, a WISP uses a terrestrial provider radio link, and satellite reaches beyond many ground networks. Signal, latency, limits, and availability guide the choice.
Thẻ 92
Câu hỏi
How do MAN and WAN scopes differ?
Câu trả lời
A MAN links sites across a city or metropolitan area; a WAN spans larger geographic distances and joins multiple networks.
Thẻ 93
Câu hỏi
What is a storage area network?
Câu trả lời
A SAN is a dedicated network that presents shared block storage to servers. It is different from an ordinary user LAN or file share.
Thẻ 94
Câu hỏi
Which tools prepare and terminate a modular copper cable?
Câu trả lời
A cable stripper removes the jacket; a crimper attaches a compatible modular plug. Use the intended pinout, then test the cable.
Thẻ 95
Câu hỏi
How do a punchdown tool and cable tester support a permanent cable run?
Câu trả lời
The punchdown tool seats conductors into an IDC block; the tester checks continuity and wire-map faults after termination.
Thẻ 96
Câu hỏi
How do a toner probe and loopback plug answer different network questions?
Câu trả lời
A tone generator and probe identify a cable's far end; a loopback plug tests whether a port can transmit and receive through its own interface.
Thẻ 97
Câu hỏi
How do a Wi-Fi analyzer and network tap differ?
Câu trả lời
A Wi-Fi analyzer measures nearby wireless networks and channels; a network tap exposes a link's traffic to monitoring equipment without becoming the endpoint.
Thẻ 98
Câu hỏi
How do IPS, TN, and VA LCD panels generally differ?
Câu trả lời
IPS favors color consistency and viewing angles, TN favors fast response at low cost, and VA favors contrast. Actual panel quality still varies.
Thẻ 99
Câu hỏi
How do OLED and Mini-LED displays produce light?
Câu trả lời
OLED pixels emit their own light; Mini-LED is an LCD that uses many small backlight zones. OLED can show deep blacks, while Mini-LED can reach high brightness without organic pixels.
Thẻ 100
Câu hỏi
What does a touchscreen digitizer do?
Câu trả lời
It detects touch or compatible stylus position. The display creates the image; the digitizer reports input coordinates.
Thẻ 101
Câu hỏi
What does an inverter do in an older LCD backlight system?
Câu trả lời
It converts power for the fluorescent backlight. Modern LED-backlit panels use different driver electronics.
Thẻ 102
Câu hỏi
How do screen resolution and pixel density differ?
Câu trả lời
Resolution is the number of addressable pixels; pixel density is how tightly those pixels fit in a physical area. Both affect perceived detail.
Thẻ 103
Câu hỏi
What do refresh rate and color gamut describe?
Câu trả lời
Refresh rate is how often the image can update each second; color gamut is the range of colors the display can reproduce.
Thẻ 104
Câu hỏi
How do Cat 5e, Cat 6, and Cat 6A Ethernet cable capabilities compare?
Câu trả lời
Cat 5e commonly supports 1 Gb/s to 100 m; Cat 6 improves noise performance and can support 10 Gb/s on shorter runs; Cat 6A is designed for 10 Gb/s to 100 m.
Thẻ 105
Câu hỏi
How do HDMI and DisplayPort fit typical display setups?
Câu trả lời
Both carry digital video and audio. HDMI is common on TVs and consumer equipment; DisplayPort is common on PCs and monitors, with features set by the negotiated versions.
Thẻ 106
Câu hỏi
What is the practical difference between T568A and T568B terminations?
Câu trả lời
They place the green and orange pairs in different pin positions. Use one recognized scheme consistently at both plug and punchdown-block terminations for a normal straight-through run.
Thẻ 107
Câu hỏi
Which cable ratings suit EMI, outdoor burial, and air-handling spaces?
Câu trả lời
Unshielded twisted pair suits ordinary low-interference runs, shielded twisted pair helps with EMI, direct-burial cable resists outdoor moisture, and plenum-rated cable limits flame spread and smoke in plenum spaces.
Thẻ 108
Câu hỏi
Match RJ11, RJ45, and F-type connectors to common cabling.
Câu trả lời
RJ11 is commonly used for telephone wiring, the 8P8C connector called RJ45 for twisted-pair Ethernet, and F-type for threaded coax connections.
Thẻ 109
Câu hỏi
How do DVI and VGA differ?
Câu trả lời
DVI variants may carry digital video, analog video, or both; VGA carries analog video through a 15-pin D-sub connector.
Thẻ 110
Câu hỏi
How do single-mode and multimode fiber differ, and which connectors may terminate them?
Câu trả lời
Single-mode uses a small core for long links; multimode uses a larger core for shorter links. ST, SC, and LC are connector styles that must match the link hardware and fiber type.
Thẻ 111
Câu hỏi
What should you infer from USB 2.0, USB 3.x, microUSB, miniUSB, USB-C, and Lightning labels?
Câu trả lời
USB 2.0 and 3.x describe protocol capabilities. MicroUSB, miniUSB, and USB-C are USB connector families; Lightning is a separate Apple connector. Plug shape alone doesn't guarantee speed or video support.
Thẻ 112
Câu hỏi
How do SATA, eSATA, and Molex relate to storage connections?
Câu trả lời
SATA carries internal drive data, eSATA extends SATA to an external connector, and a Molex plug is a legacy power connector. Data and power paths are separate.
Thẻ 113
Câu hỏi
Which legacy peripheral link commonly uses a DB9 connector?
Câu trả lời
A serial connection such as RS-232. It sends data sequentially and is still used for some console and industrial equipment.
Thẻ 114
Câu hỏi
When does a cable adapter need active electronics?
Câu trả lời
When the source and destination use different signaling, not just different plug shapes. A passive adapter only changes compatible wiring; an active adapter converts the signal.
Thẻ 115
Câu hỏi
Where are DIMM and SO-DIMM modules normally used?
Câu trả lời
Full-size DIMMs normally fit desktop or server boards; shorter SO-DIMMs fit many laptops and compact systems.
Thẻ 116
Câu hỏi
Why doesn't every USB-C cable provide Thunderbolt or display output?
Câu trả lời
USB-C names the connector. Thunderbolt, USB speed, charging level, and video alternate modes require matching support from the port, cable, and device.
Thẻ 117
Câu hỏi
Can one DDR memory generation be installed in another generation's slot?
Câu trả lời
No. DDR generations use different electrical designs and keying, so the module must match the motherboard.
Thẻ 118
Câu hỏi
How does ECC RAM differ from non-ECC RAM?
Câu trả lời
ECC can detect and correct certain memory errors; non-ECC lacks that protection. The CPU and motherboard must support ECC.
Thẻ 119
Câu hỏi
What does a dual- or multi-channel memory configuration require?
Câu trả lời
Compatible modules installed in the motherboard's paired channel slots. The board manual identifies the correct population order.
Thẻ 120
Câu hỏi
What happens when compatible RAM modules have different rated speeds?
Câu trả lời
They normally operate at a mutually supported speed, often the slower module's rate. Platform and firmware limits can reduce it further.
Thẻ 121
Câu hỏi
What limits a system's usable RAM capacity?
Câu trả lời
The CPU memory controller, motherboard, firmware, operating system, and supported module layout. Check the platform documentation before buying modules.
Thẻ 122
Câu hỏi
How do RAID 0 and RAID 1 trade capacity for protection?
Câu trả lời
RAID 0 stripes data for capacity and performance but has no redundancy; RAID 1 mirrors data and can survive one member failure.
Thẻ 123
Câu hỏi
How do 2.5-inch and 3.5-inch HDDs, spindle speed, and workload affect a drive choice?
Câu trả lời
The bay and interface must fit the form factor; faster spindle speed can improve access but adds heat, noise, and power use. Workload and capacity still matter.
Thẻ 124
Câu hỏi
How do SATA SSDs and NVMe SSDs communicate?
Câu trả lời
A SATA SSD uses the SATA storage interface; an NVMe SSD uses PCIe for lower-latency flash access. The slot and firmware must support the selected signaling.
Thẻ 125
Câu hỏi
Which removable media suit portable files, camera storage, and optical archives?
Câu trả lời
USB flash drives suit general transfers, memory cards suit compact devices such as cameras, and optical discs require a drive that supports the disc format.
Thẻ 126
Câu hỏi
How do RAID 5 and RAID 6 differ?
Câu trả lời
RAID 5 needs at least three drives and tolerates one member failure; RAID 6 needs at least four and uses dual parity to tolerate two.
Thẻ 127
Câu hỏi
What distinguishes SAS from SATA storage?
Câu trả lời
SAS is an enterprise-oriented serial SCSI interface with features such as dual-port support; SATA is common in client storage. The drive and controller interface must match.
Thẻ 128
Câu hỏi
How do M.2 and mSATA differ?
Câu trả lời
M.2 is a keyed form-factor family that may carry SATA or PCIe/NVMe; mSATA is an older compact form factor that carries SATA signaling.
Thẻ 129
Câu hỏi
When is an SSD preferable to an HDD?
Câu trả lời
Choose an SSD for low-latency, shock-resistant storage; choose an HDD when low-cost bulk capacity matters more. Neither removes the need for backup.
Thẻ 130
Câu hỏi
How do ATX, microATX, and Mini-ITX motherboard form factors affect a build?
Câu trả lời
They differ in board size, mounting layout, and typical expansion capacity. The case, power supply, and required slots must fit the board.
Thẻ 131
Câu hỏi
Match common motherboard connectors to their jobs.
Câu trả lời
PCI and PCIe host expansion cards; SATA and eSATA carry storage data; M.2 hosts compact devices; headers connect case features; power connectors feed the board and CPU.
Thẻ 132
Câu hỏi
What does RAID 10 provide?
Câu trả lời
Striping across mirrored pairs, normally using at least four drives. It combines performance with redundancy, but surviving multiple failures depends on which members fail.
Thẻ 133
Câu hỏi
What must match before installing an AMD or Intel CPU?
Câu trả lời
The CPU socket, chipset, firmware, and thermal design must support that exact processor. Multisocket boards also require a supported processor combination.
Thẻ 134
Câu hỏi
Which UEFI settings commonly control startup and hardware access?
Câu trả lời
Boot order, removable-media boot, USB permissions, fan behavior, temperature monitoring, and virtualization support. Change only the setting required for the task.
Thẻ 135
Câu hỏi
How do Secure Boot, a boot password, and a firmware setup password differ?
Câu trả lời
Secure Boot verifies trusted boot software; a boot password challenges startup; a setup password restricts firmware changes.
Thẻ 136
Câu hỏi
How do x86, x64, and ARM CPU architectures affect compatibility?
Câu trả lời
They use different instruction-set families; x86 is 32-bit, x64 extends that family to 64-bit, and ARM uses a RISC design. The OS and applications need compatible builds.
Thẻ 137
Câu hỏi
What does adding CPU cores improve?
Câu trả lời
Parallel work when software can use the cores. Architecture, clock speed, cooling, memory, and workload still shape performance.
Thẻ 138
Câu hỏi
Match sound, video, capture, and network expansion cards to their jobs.
Câu trả lời
Sound cards handle audio I/O, video cards render graphics, capture cards ingest external media signals, and NICs add network connectivity.
Thẻ 139
Câu hỏi
How do a TPM and HSM support encryption differently?
Câu trả lời
A TPM is a system security chip for protected keys and platform measurements; an HSM is a dedicated device or service for controlled cryptographic key operations.
Thẻ 140
Câu hỏi
How do fans and heat sinks work together?
Câu trả lời
A heat sink spreads component heat across fins; fans move air across those fins and through the case.
Thẻ 141
Câu hỏi
Why are thermal paste or pads placed between a chip and cooler?
Câu trả lời
They fill microscopic gaps so heat transfers efficiently. Use the specified material and amount.
Thẻ 142
Câu hỏi
What extra components does liquid CPU cooling add to diagnosis?
Câu trả lời
A pump, coolant path, radiator, fans, tubing, and seals. Verify mounting, flow, airflow, and leaks.
Thẻ 143
Câu hỏi
What hardware and firmware support may a hypervisor require?
Câu trả lời
A compatible CPU virtualization feature enabled in UEFI, plus enough memory, storage, networking, and security controls for its guests.
Thẻ 144
Câu hỏi
What must be checked when a PSU can receive 110–120 VAC or 220–240 VAC?
Câu trả lời
Its input range and selector behavior. Use the local mains range and never guess with a manual voltage switch.
Thẻ 145
Câu hỏi
What do the 3.3 V, 5 V, and 12 V PSU rails typically power?
Câu trả lời
They supply different component circuits: 3.3 V and 5 V serve logic and peripherals, while 12 V commonly feeds CPU/GPU regulators, motors, and fans.
Thẻ 146
Câu hỏi
What does a 20+4-pin ATX connector power?
Câu trả lời
The motherboard's main input. The CPU normally needs a separate 4- or 8-pin EPS-style connection.
Thẻ 147
Câu hỏi
How should PSU wattage be chosen?
Câu trả lời
Add the system's realistic peak demand and sensible headroom, then confirm connector, rail, and quality requirements. A large wattage label alone doesn't prove suitability.
Thẻ 148
Câu hỏi
What is the advantage and main caution of a modular PSU?
Câu trả lời
Detachable cables reduce clutter, but only cables approved for that exact PSU should be used. Modular pinouts aren't universally interchangeable.
Thẻ 149
Câu hỏi
What does a redundant power supply provide?
Câu trả lời
Two or more power modules so one can fail without immediately stopping the system. Redundancy still needs correct capacity and monitoring.
Thẻ 150
Câu hỏi
Why does PSU efficiency matter?
Câu trả lời
Higher efficiency wastes less input power as heat at a given load. Efficiency certification doesn't replace checks for electrical quality, capacity, or connectors.
Thẻ 151
Câu hỏi
How does a laser printer create and fix an image?
Câu trả lời
It forms an electrostatic image, applies toner, and bonds the toner with a heated fuser. Toner, drum, transfer, and fuser parts all affect output.
Thẻ 152
Câu hỏi
What should be checked when unboxing and placing a multifunction printer?
Câu trả lời
Remove shipping locks, allow service clearance and ventilation, match power and network access, load supported media, and choose a stable location.
Thẻ 153
Câu hỏi
How do PCL and PostScript printer drivers differ?
Câu trả lời
PCL is common for fast office output and can vary by device; PostScript describes pages in a device-independent way that suits complex graphics. Use the printer's supported driver.
Thẻ 154
Câu hỏi
What should be verified when choosing USB, Ethernet, or Wi-Fi for a printer?
Câu trả lời
Verify the intended users, cable or signal path, addressing, security, firmware, and driver support. USB serves a local host; network links serve reachable clients.
Thẻ 155
Câu hỏi
Which parts and maintenance tasks are typical for an inkjet printer?
Câu trả lời
Ink cartridges, printheads, pickup rollers, and feeders. Clean or align printheads, replace approved cartridges, clear jams, and service feed parts as needed.
Thẻ 156
Câu hỏi
How do printer sharing and a print server differ?
Câu trả lời
A printer share exposes a queue from a host; a print server centralizes queues, drivers, permissions, and management for many clients.
Thẻ 157
Câu hỏi
Which settings commonly change a print job's physical output?
Câu trả lời
Duplex, portrait or landscape orientation, paper tray and size, and quality. The application, driver, and device settings must agree.
Thẻ 158
Câu hỏi
Which controls protect a public or shared printer?
Câu trả lời
User authentication or badging, secure print release, appropriate permissions, and audit logs. They reduce abandoned sensitive output and trace approved use.
Thẻ 159
Câu hỏi
How does a direct thermal printer work and what maintenance does it need?
Câu trả lời
Heat darkens special thermal paper. Replace the paper correctly, clean the heating element and feed path, and remove debris.
Thẻ 160
Câu hỏi
Where can a network multifunction device send scans?
Câu trả lời
Common destinations are email, an SMB file share, or an approved cloud service. Configure credentials, permissions, addressing, and encryption for the destination.
Thẻ 161
Câu hỏi
When should you use an ADF instead of a flatbed scanner?
Câu trả lời
Use the automatic document feeder for stacks of loose pages; use the flatbed for fragile, bound, thick, or single originals.
Thẻ 162
Câu hỏi
What does printer calibration correct?
Câu trả lời
Placement, density, alignment, or color registration. Run the maker's procedure after relevant part or image-quality changes.
Thẻ 163
Câu hỏi
Why does an impact printer suit multipart forms?
Câu trả lời
Pins strike an inked ribbon and physically transfer the mark through layered paper. The mechanism is noisy but can mark multiple copies.
Thẻ 164
Câu hỏi
What does a laser-printer maintenance kit commonly refresh?
Câu trả lời
Wear parts such as rollers and the fuser, as defined for that model. Replace depleted toner, install the kit at its service interval, calibrate when output shifts, and clean only through approved paths.
Thẻ 165
Câu hỏi
How do inkjet feed and printhead maintenance address different faults?
Câu trả lời
Roller and feeder service fixes paper movement; printhead cleaning or alignment fixes missing or misplaced ink. Use the symptom to choose the maintenance.
Thẻ 166
Câu hỏi
What is a virtual machine?
Câu trả lời
A software-defined computer with virtual CPU, memory, storage, and devices that runs a guest operating system on a host.
Thẻ 167
Câu hỏi
Where does a Type 1 hypervisor run?
Câu trả lời
Directly on the host hardware. This bare-metal design is common in servers and virtualization platforms.
Thẻ 168
Câu hỏi
Why use a VM as a sandbox or test environment?
Câu trả lời
It isolates a disposable environment from the main workload and makes repeatable testing easier. Isolation reduces risk but doesn't make untrusted code harmless.
Thẻ 169
Câu hỏi
Which VM resources must be sized against real host capacity?
Câu trả lời
vCPU, memory, storage space, and I/O. Overcommitting them can make several guests compete for the same hardware.
Thẻ 170
Câu hỏi
What does application virtualization do?
Câu trả lời
It packages, streams, or isolates an application from the base installation. It can simplify delivery or preserve some legacy applications without virtualizing a whole desktop.
Thẻ 171
Câu hỏi
Where does a Type 2 hypervisor run?
Câu trả lời
As an application on a host operating system. It is convenient for desktop labs, testing, and occasional guests.
Thẻ 172
Câu hỏi
Which security layers need attention on a virtualization host?
Câu trả lời
The host, hypervisor, management access, guest OSs, virtual networks, and images. Patch and isolate each layer according to its role.
Thẻ 173
Câu hỏi
What must be planned for VM networking?
Câu trả lời
Addressing, virtual switch or NAT mode, segmentation, bandwidth, and access controls. A guest still needs a deliberate path to required services.
Thẻ 174
Câu hỏi
What does VDI deliver?
Câu trả lời
Centrally hosted desktop sessions to remote clients. Compute and management stay in the data center or cloud rather than on each endpoint.
Thẻ 175
Câu hỏi
What must be planned for VM storage?
Câu trả lời
Capacity, performance, snapshots, backup, and failure location. A snapshot on the same datastore isn't a complete backup.
Thẻ 176
Câu hỏi
How does a container differ from a typical VM?
Câu trả lời
A container isolates an application while sharing the host kernel; a VM normally includes a full guest operating system.
Thẻ 177
Câu hỏi
How can virtualization support legacy or cross-platform workloads?
Câu trả lời
A compatible guest OS or virtualized application layer can preserve the required environment. CPU architecture, licenses, drivers, and hardware access still constrain compatibility.
Thẻ 178
Câu hỏi
What does a container image provide?
Câu trả lời
A repeatable application filesystem and configuration used to start containers. Running containers add temporary writable state unless storage is attached.
Thẻ 179
Câu hỏi
A virtualization option is unavailable. What should you verify?
Câu trả lời
Verify CPU and platform support, then enable the required virtualization feature in UEFI if policy allows. Also confirm that another hypervisor hasn't claimed it.
Thẻ 180
Câu hỏi
What defines a public cloud?
Câu trả lời
It is offered for open use by the general public and operated by a cloud provider. Its resources may be shared or dedicated, depending on the service.
Thẻ 181
Câu hỏi
What does IaaS provide?
Câu trả lời
Cloud compute, networking, and storage infrastructure. The customer usually manages the operating system, applications, identities, and data.
Thẻ 182
Câu hỏi
What is cloud elasticity?
Câu trả lời
The ability to add or remove resources as demand changes, automatically or on request.
Thẻ 183
Câu hỏi
What does metered cloud utilization measure?
Câu trả lời
Consumed resources such as compute time, storage, requests, or transferred data for reporting, limits, and billing.
Thẻ 184
Câu hỏi
What defines a private cloud?
Câu trả lời
Cloud infrastructure reserved for one organization. It can run on-site or be hosted and operated by a provider.
Thẻ 185
Câu hỏi
What does SaaS provide?
Câu trả lời
A complete provider-run application accessed as a service. The customer mainly manages users, settings, and data.
Thẻ 186
Câu hỏi
How do shared and dedicated cloud resources differ?
Câu trả lời
Shared resources serve multiple customers with logical isolation; dedicated resources are reserved for one customer. Either can appear in a provider's public-cloud offering.
Thẻ 187
Câu hỏi
What is high availability designed to reduce?
Câu trả lời
Service downtime from component or location failure through redundancy and failover.
Thẻ 188
Câu hỏi
What is a hybrid cloud?
Câu trả lời
A coordinated use of private-cloud and public-cloud environments, with workloads or data placed where their requirements fit.
Thẻ 189
Câu hỏi
What does PaaS provide?
Câu trả lời
A managed application platform and runtime. Developers deploy code while the provider manages more of the operating system and infrastructure.
Thẻ 190
Câu hỏi
What do cloud ingress and egress mean?
Câu trả lời
Ingress is data entering the cloud service; egress is data leaving it. Providers often meter them differently, and egress can create a notable cost.
Thẻ 191
Câu hỏi
What does cloud multitenancy mean?
Câu trả lời
Multiple customers use provider infrastructure while their workloads and data remain logically isolated.
Thẻ 192
Câu hỏi
What is a community cloud?
Câu trả lời
Cloud infrastructure reserved for organizations with shared requirements, such as a sector or policy need, rather than for unrestricted public use.
Thẻ 193
Câu hỏi
What does FaaS run?
Câu trả lời
Event-triggered functions without the customer managing servers directly. The provider manages the execution environment and scaling mechanics.
Thẻ 194
Câu hỏi
Does using a cloud service remove the customer's security duties?
Câu trả lời
No. Responsibility is shared: the provider protects its service layers, while the customer still manages assigned areas such as identities, settings, applications, and data.
Thẻ 195
Câu hỏi
What can happen when two offline devices edit the same cloud-synchronized file?
Câu trả lời
A synchronization conflict. Preserve both versions, let sync finish, compare the changes, and keep the intended content.
Thẻ 196
Câu hỏi
A PC stops at POST with a beep or status-light pattern. What should you do next?
Câu trả lời
Look up the exact pattern in the system or motherboard service documentation, then test the indicated component.
Thẻ 197
Câu hỏi
A desktop shows no lights or fan movement. Where should power diagnosis start?
Câu trả lời
At the outlet, power strip, cord, PSU input switch, and main internal power connections. Move from the source inward.
Thẻ 198
Câu hỏi
A PC shows a proprietary crash screen. What evidence should you collect first?
Câu trả lời
Record the stop code and recent hardware changes, then check memory, storage, drivers, temperature, and logs indicated by that code.
Thẻ 199
Câu hỏi
A PC powers on but the screen stays blank. What hardware checks come first?
Câu trả lời
Check display power and input, video cabling, GPU seating or power, and whether POST completes. Test one known-good display path at a time.
Thẻ 200
Câu hỏi
A computer is sluggish under ordinary work. Which hardware conditions should you check?
Câu trả lời
Check temperature and throttling, RAM pressure, storage health and free space, CPU load, and background I/O before replacing parts.
Thẻ 201
Câu hỏi
A PC becomes unstable as CPU temperature rises. What should you inspect?
Câu trả lời
Inspect fan operation, heat-sink mounting, thermal material, dust, filters, and case airflow. The CPU may throttle or shut down to protect itself.
Thẻ 202
Câu hỏi
You smell burning from a powered computer. What is the immediate action?
Câu trả lời
Shut it down and disconnect power. Don't keep testing until the damaged power or board component has been safely identified.
Thẻ 203
Câu hỏi
A PC shuts down randomly only during heavy GPU work. What should you test?
Câu trả lời
Test PSU capacity and condition, GPU power leads, temperature, and event logs. Peak load can expose weak power or cooling.
Thẻ 204
Câu hỏi
Applications crash randomly after new RAM is installed. What should you do?
Câu trả lời
Verify compatibility and slot placement, reseat the modules, and run a memory diagnostic. Test modules separately if needed.
Thẻ 205
Câu hỏi
A computer develops an unusual fan or grinding noise. What should you inspect?
Câu trả lời
Inspect fans, cables, pumps, drives, dust, and mounting points while the system is safely powered down when contact is possible.
Thẻ 206
Câu hỏi
What should you do after finding a swollen motherboard capacitor?
Câu trả lời
Disconnect power and replace the failed board or arrange qualified component service. Don't keep operating a board with a visibly failing capacitor.
Thẻ 207
Câu hỏi
A PC loses its date and time whenever it is unplugged. What is the likely cause?
Câu trả lời
A weak motherboard coin-cell battery. Replace it with the specified type and restore any lost firmware settings.
Thẻ 208
Câu hỏi
Firmware reports less RAM than is installed. What is the first corrective step?
Câu trả lời
Power down, follow ESD precautions, and reseat the modules in the recommended slots. Then test compatibility, sticks, and slots methodically.
Thẻ 209
Câu hỏi
A newly installed CPU isn't recognized even though it fits the socket. What should you verify?
Câu trả lời
Verify chipset and firmware support, CPU power, contact condition, seating, and cooling. Physical fit alone doesn't prove compatibility.
Thẻ 210
Câu hỏi
How can you isolate a motherboard, CPU, RAM, or PSU no-POST fault?
Câu trả lời
Reduce the system to minimum required hardware, confirm known-good power, and add components back one at a time.
Thẻ 211
Câu hỏi
A storage controller shows a warning LED or audible alarm. What should you do first?
Câu trả lời
Read the controller's exact status, preserve a current backup, and identify the affected drive or array before replacing anything.
Thẻ 212
Câu hỏi
A hard drive clicks or grinds while reads fail. What should you prioritize?
Câu trả lời
Stop unnecessary activity, preserve recoverable data, and replace the drive. Repeated testing can worsen a mechanical failure.
Thẻ 213
Câu hỏi
A PC reports no bootable device. Which checks come first?
Câu trả lời
Check firmware drive detection and boot order, then data and power connections. If the drive is detected, check its health before changing partitions.
Thẻ 214
Câu hỏi
Files are corrupt or missing after storage errors. What should you do?
Câu trả lời
Stop writes, preserve the affected media, restore from a verified backup when appropriate, and diagnose the drive, controller, memory, and filesystem cause.
Thẻ 215
Câu hỏi
A controller reports an array missing. What should you avoid?
Câu trả lời
Don't initialize or recreate it blindly. Check controller configuration, cabling, power, member detection, and the documented recovery path first.
Thẻ 216
Câu hỏi
A drive has unusually long read and write times. What should you inspect?
Câu trả lời
Inspect health data, errors, cable or link negotiation, free space, workload, temperature, and the storage interface.
Thẻ 217
Câu hỏi
What should you do after a S.M.A.R.T. failure warning?
Câu trả lời
Back up important data immediately and plan drive replacement. A health warning isn't something to clear and ignore.
Thẻ 218
Câu hỏi
Firmware sees a drive, but the operating system doesn't. What should you check?
Câu trả lời
Check OS storage management, drivers, bus support, partitions, and whether the disk is offline. Don't initialize a disk that may contain needed data.
Thẻ 219
Câu hỏi
A RAID array is degraded after a member fails. What is the safe response?
Câu trả lời
Confirm the failed member, verify backup, replace it through the controller's procedure, and monitor the rebuild. Don't remove a healthy member by guesswork.
Thẻ 220
Câu hỏi
What can cause low storage IOPS even when capacity is available?
Câu trả lời
A saturated or slow device, high queue depth, contention, thermal throttling, controller limits, or an unsuitable RAID layout.
Thẻ 221
Câu hỏi
A monitor reports no signal. What should you check first?
Câu trả lời
Check power, selected input, cable seating, adapter compatibility, and whether the computer is producing video.
Thẻ 222
Câu hỏi
A projector is dim or shuts down intermittently. What should you inspect?
Câu trả lời
Inspect the bulb or light source, filters, vents, temperature, brightness settings, room light, and service-life indicators.
Thẻ 223
Câu hỏi
Text looks fuzzy or the desktop doesn't fit the screen. Which settings should you verify?
Câu trả lời
Verify native resolution, scaling, aspect ratio, and any overscan setting. Then check cable and adapter quality.
Thẻ 224
Câu hỏi
How do display burn-in and a dead pixel differ?
Câu trả lời
Burn-in is persistent image retention across an area; a dead or stuck pixel is a fixed point defect. Confirm each with varied full-screen test images.
Thẻ 225
Câu hỏi
A display flashes or flickers at a new refresh rate. What should you check?
Câu trả lời
Check that the display, GPU, port, cable, resolution, and refresh rate combination is supported.
Thẻ 226
Câu hỏi
A projected image is trapezoidal or distorted. What should you adjust?
Câu trả lời
Correct projector position, angle, focus, and aspect ratio first; use keystone correction only as needed.
Thẻ 227
Câu hỏi
A monitor shows incorrect colors. How do you isolate the cause?
Câu trả lời
Check color settings and profiles, reseat or replace the cable, test another input or display, and inspect GPU output and drivers.
Thẻ 228
Câu hỏi
Video works over HDMI or DisplayPort, but audio doesn't. What should you check?
Câu trả lời
Check the OS playback device, application output, display volume, cable capability, and whether the adapter carries audio.
Thẻ 229
Câu hỏi
A laptop LCD shows a faint image only under a flashlight. Which area is likely failing?
Câu trả lời
The backlight or its power/driver path. The faint picture shows that image data still reaches the panel.
Thẻ 230
Câu hỏi
A phone battery drains much faster than usual. What should you check first?
Câu trả lời
Check battery health and recent screen, app, radio, and location use. Confirm the usage change before replacing hardware.
Thẻ 231
Câu hỏi
A phone has a broken screen but still receives notifications. What should guide the repair?
Câu trả lời
Back up accessible data, stop using sharp or exposed surfaces, and determine whether the glass, display, digitizer, or full assembly is replaceable.
Thẻ 232
Câu hỏi
A phone won't charge and its port looks damaged. What is the safe first test?
Câu trả lời
Inspect without metal tools, then try a known-good compatible cable and charger. Use wireless charging only if the device supports it and the battery is safe.
Thẻ 233
Câu hỏi
A phone has poor or no connectivity. What should you isolate?
Câu trả lời
Test Wi-Fi, cellular, and Bluetooth separately; check airplane mode, signal, account or SIM/eSIM state, and the specific network settings.
Thẻ 234
Câu hỏi
A battery is pushing a mobile-device case apart. What should you do?
Câu trả lời
Power it down, stop charging it, and arrange approved battery service. Don't press the case closed.
Thẻ 235
Câu hỏi
A mobile device gets wet. Why should you avoid powering or charging it?
Câu trả lời
Moisture can cause shorts and corrosion. Shut it down and follow the manufacturer's drying or service guidance.
Thẻ 236
Câu hỏi
Touch input drifts or misses one area. What should you check?
Câu trả lời
Check screen cleanliness and protectors, test calibration if supported, compare apps, and inspect the digitizer connection or damage.
Thẻ 237
Câu hỏi
A phone slows down and overheats during light use. What should you inspect?
Câu trả lời
Inspect battery health, storage pressure, updates, background apps, signal hunting, and possible malware. Stop use if heat is unsafe.
Thẻ 238
Câu hỏi
A mobile device shows pop-ups and heavy data use after an untrusted install. What should you suspect?
Câu trả lời
Malware or a harmful app. Disconnect as needed, preserve required evidence, remove it through the approved mobile-security process, and update the device.
Thẻ 239
Câu hỏi
A mobile device can't install a new application. What should you check?
Câu trả lời
Check free storage, OS and hardware compatibility, account or store access, network service, and MDM policy before bypassing any restriction.
Thẻ 240
Câu hỏi
An active stylus doesn't work, but finger touch does. What should you check?
Câu trả lời
Check stylus compatibility, charge or battery, pairing, tip, app support, and the device's active-digitizer settings.
Thẻ 241
Câu hỏi
Users report slow network speeds. What should you measure before changing hardware?
Câu trả lời
Measure negotiated link rate, throughput, utilization, errors, signal, channel use, and server or ISP performance to locate the bottleneck.
Thẻ 242
Câu hỏi
Wi-Fi disconnects intermittently in one area. What should you inspect?
Câu trả lời
Inspect signal strength, roaming, interference, channel plan, access-point placement, client drivers, and power-saving behavior.
Thẻ 243
Câu hỏi
A client reports limited connectivity. Which layers should you check in order?
Câu trả lời
Check physical or wireless link, IP address and mask, gateway, DHCP, DNS, and upstream reachability.
Thẻ 244
Câu hỏi
A user repeatedly fails network authentication. What should you verify?
Câu trả lời
Verify the account and credentials, time, certificate, authentication method, network policy, and whether the user or device is authorized.
Thẻ 245
Câu hỏi
Which tools help locate high latency?
Câu trả lời
Ping compares delay and loss; traceroute shows the path by hops. Test several destinations to separate a local, provider, and destination issue.
Thẻ 246
Câu hỏi
What signs point to external wireless interference?
Câu trả lời
Signal quality or throughput drops despite adequate strength, often near a device or at certain times. A spectrum or Wi-Fi analyzer helps confirm it.
Thẻ 247
Câu hỏi
A switch port repeatedly changes between up and down. What should you isolate?
Câu trả lời
Isolate the patch cable, wall run, endpoint NIC, and switch port. Review port logs and test the cable for a port-flapping cause.
Thẻ 248
Câu hỏi
A wired PC has no link light. Where should troubleshooting start?
Câu trả lời
At the cable, connector, NIC, and switch port. Changing IP settings can't repair a missing physical link.
Thẻ 249
Câu hỏi
VoIP sounds choppy even though average bandwidth is adequate. Which network condition should you measure?
Câu trả lời
Jitter, along with latency and packet loss. QoS and congestion control may help after the impaired path is identified.
Thẻ 250
Câu hỏi
Internet access drops for every local client, then returns. Where should you look?
Câu trả lời
Check the shared WAN path: the router's WAN link, modem or ONT, provider service, power, and logs. Independent failures across every local client at once are unlikely.
Thẻ 251
Câu hỏi
A host can reach an internet IP but not a website name. What is the likely fault?
Câu trả lời
DNS resolution. Check the configured resolver and test a direct lookup.
Thẻ 252
Câu hỏi
A PC receives a 169.254.x.x address. What should you test next?
Câu trả lời
Test its link and the path to DHCP. The APIPA address shows that normal lease configuration failed.
Thẻ 253
Câu hỏi
Two hosts report an address conflict. What should you inspect?
Câu trả lời
Inspect static assignments, DHCP reservations, and the lease scope for a duplicate IP address.
Thẻ 254
Câu hỏi
A PC on a new switch port can't reach its department resources. What should you verify?
Câu trả lời
Verify the access VLAN, then its routing and policy. A good physical link on the wrong VLAN still provides the wrong network access.
Thẻ 255
Câu hỏi
A PoE camera has network pairs but no power. What should you check?
Câu trả lời
Check the injector or switch standard, port state, total power budget, cable quality, and camera power requirement.
Thẻ 256
Câu hỏi
Only one PC lacks network access while nearby systems work. What should you compare?
Câu trả lời
Compare its link, IP settings, DNS, authentication, proxy or VPN state, and local firewall with a working peer.
Thẻ 257
Câu hỏi
A printed page has a line in the same place every time. What should you inspect?
Câu trả lời
Inspect the cartridge, printhead, drum, scanner glass, and approved cleaning path for contamination or damage, based on printer type.
Thẻ 258
Câu hỏi
A printer produces garbled characters. What should you verify?
Câu trả lời
Verify the driver and print language, cable or network path, firmware, and source document. Cancel the bad job before retrying.
Thẻ 259
Câu hỏi
A printer reports a paper jam. What is the safe response?
Câu trả lời
Stop the job, follow the documented paper path, remove paper in the specified direction, and check for scraps or damaged rollers.
Thẻ 260
Câu hỏi
Several print jobs remain pending after the printer recovers. What should you do?
Câu trả lời
Cancel failed jobs as appropriate, verify printer status and connectivity, restart the print service if needed, then send one small test page.
520 thẻ
CompTIA A+ 220-1201 & 220-1202 Flashcards: Core 1 and Core 2
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Nibomo sẽ mở ra để bạn bắt đầu học.
Thẻ 261
Câu hỏi
Printed pages are uniformly faded. What should you check?
Câu trả lời
Check toner or ink level, density or quality settings, cartridge condition, and the correct media setting.
Thẻ 262
Câu hỏi
A printer makes a grinding noise. What should you do?
Câu trả lời
Stop the job and inspect for jammed media, foreign objects, damaged gears, or a misseated cartridge or maintenance part.
Thẻ 263
Câu hỏi
Paper won't feed or several sheets feed together. Which parts should you inspect?
Câu trả lời
Inspect pickup rollers, the separation pad, feeder, paper condition, tray guides, and load limit.
Thẻ 264
Câu hỏi
A document prints in the wrong orientation. What should you check?
Câu trả lời
Check portrait or landscape settings in the application and driver, then confirm paper size and any device default.
Thẻ 265
Câu hỏi
What commonly causes speckles across printed pages?
Câu trả lời
Loose toner, ink contamination, a dirty print path, or a damaged cartridge or drum. Use the printer type and repeating pattern to narrow it.
Thẻ 266
Câu hỏi
A finisher won't staple or punch pages. What should you inspect?
Câu trả lời
Inspect the staple cartridge or jam, punch waste bin, finisher seating, supported paper, and driver job settings.
Thẻ 267
Câu hỏi
A printer doesn't recognize a loaded tray. What should you check?
Câu trả lời
Check tray seating, paper guides and size sensors, media settings, firmware, and driver configuration.
Thẻ 268
Câu hỏi
A network printer shows Ready but clients can't reach it. What should you test?
Câu trả lời
Test its link, IP configuration, address conflict, VLAN and routing path, print port, and firewall access.
Thẻ 269
Câu hỏi
A laser page shows a repeated faint image. Which area should you inspect?
Câu trả lời
Inspect the imaging drum and fuser for ghosting. The repeat distance can help the service guide identify the rotating part.
Thẻ 270
Câu hỏi
A print queue is frozen and won't process a test page. What should you do?
Câu trả lời
Clear the blocked job safely, restart the spooler or print service, verify disk and printer connectivity, then submit one small test.
Thẻ 271
Câu hỏi
Which desktop OS is the usual choice for broad business software and Active Directory integration?
Câu trả lời
Windows. It has the widest support for common business applications and native integration with Microsoft domain services.
Thẻ 272
Câu hỏi
When is a clean OS installation preferable to an in-place upgrade?
Câu trả lời
Choose a clean install when you need a fresh system or the existing installation is unreliable. It removes installed apps and settings, so back up user data first.
Thẻ 273
Câu hỏi
Which Windows command lists files and folders in the current directory?
Câu trả lời
dir. Use cd when you need to change the current directory.
Thẻ 274
Câu hỏi
Which Windows tool gives a quick view of running processes, startup apps, users, services, and performance?
Câu trả lời
Task Manager. It is the first stop for a quick process or resource check.
Thẻ 275
Câu hỏi
What should you check before moving a user between desktop or mobile operating systems?
Câu trả lời
Check application, peripheral, file-format, and account compatibility first. A supported OS is still a bad fit if the user's required tools or data won't work on it.
Thẻ 276
Câu hỏi
How should you choose between a public and private Windows network profile?
Câu trả lời
Use Public on untrusted networks and Private only on trusted local networks. The profile changes discovery and firewall behavior.
Thẻ 277
Câu hỏi
Which Windows command shows the current IP configuration?
Câu trả lời
ipconfig. Add /all when you need details such as DHCP, DNS, gateway, and adapter addresses.
Thẻ 278
Câu hỏi
What is the main benefit of deploying an OS image?
Câu trả lời
It applies a prepared, consistent system build to multiple devices. The image still needs compatible drivers, licensing, and post-deployment updates.
Thẻ 279
Câu hỏi
Which console should you open to investigate recorded application, security, or system errors?
Câu trả lời
Event Viewer. Filter by the relevant time, source, and event level instead of treating every warning as the cause.
Thẻ 280
Câu hỏi
Which Windows file system supports permissions, encryption, compression, and large local volumes?
Câu trả lời
NTFS. It is the standard Windows file system when you need access controls and other full desktop features.
Thẻ 281
Câu hỏi
Which Windows edition fits a basic home PC that does not need business management features?
Câu trả lời
Windows Home. It covers normal consumer use but lacks several business features found in Pro and Enterprise.
Thẻ 282
Câu hỏi
What do the common macOS application forms .dmg, .pkg, and .app represent?
Câu trả lời
A .dmg is a mountable disk image, a .pkg runs an installer, and an .app is an application bundle. Remove software with its supported process, especially when it installed system components.
Thẻ 283
Câu hỏi
Which boot approach lets a technician start an installer delivered by a deployment server?
Câu trả lời
Network boot, commonly PXE. The client firmware and network must support it, and the deployment service must be reachable.
Thẻ 284
Câu hỏi
Which command is the quickest basic test of IP reachability to another host?
Câu trả lời
ping. A failed ping is only a clue because the host or firewall may block echo traffic.
Thẻ 285
Câu hỏi
Which Windows tool creates partitions, assigns drive letters, and initializes disks?
Câu trả lời
Disk Management. Confirm the disk and volume before making changes because some operations can destroy data.
Thẻ 286
Câu hỏi
What is safer than disabling Windows Firewall when one application is blocked?
Câu trả lời
Create the narrowest required application or port exception. Keep the firewall enabled and limit the rule to the needed profiles and traffic.
Thẻ 287
Câu hỏi
What should you compare before installing a demanding application?
Câu trả lời
Compare its OS, CPU, RAM, storage, graphics, VRAM, and peripheral requirements with the device. Check both minimum and practical workload needs.
Thẻ 288
Câu hỏi
Which Windows edition is the usual minimum for joining a business domain and hosting Remote Desktop?
Câu trả lời
Windows Pro. It also adds business features such as BitLocker management and Local Group Policy.
Thẻ 289
Câu hỏi
Which Windows command queries DNS records for a name?
Câu trả lời
nslookup. It helps distinguish name-resolution trouble from basic network reachability.
Thẻ 290
Câu hỏi
Which macOS feature creates versioned backups for normal file and system recovery?
Câu trả lời
Time Machine. Confirm the backup destination is available and test that needed files can actually be restored.
Thẻ 291
Câu hỏi
What makes zero-touch deployment different from a normal remote installation?
Câu trả lời
Zero-touch deployment minimizes hands-on setup after the device starts. Policies, applications, and identity configuration are applied automatically.
Thẻ 292
Câu hỏi
When is exFAT usually a better removable-drive format than FAT32?
Câu trả lời
Use exFAT when the drive must move between modern operating systems and hold files larger than FAT32's 4 GB per-file limit.
Thẻ 293
Câu hỏi
Which values must be correct in a manual IPv4 client configuration?
Câu trả lời
The IP address, subnet mask, default gateway, and DNS server settings must fit the network. A wrong value can break local or internet access.
Thẻ 294
Câu hỏi
How do FileVault and Keychain serve different security jobs on macOS?
Câu trả lời
FileVault encrypts the startup disk; Keychain stores passwords, certificates, and keys. Neither replaces good account security or backups.
Thẻ 295
Câu hỏi
What should you verify before booting an installer from USB media?
Câu trả lời
Verify the media is trusted and bootable, then select the correct temporary boot device. Also confirm the firmware mode matches the planned partition style.
Thẻ 296
Câu hỏi
Which Windows console is best for checking a device's driver status or hardware error code?
Câu trả lời
Device Manager. It shows detected hardware, driver details, disabled devices, and device error codes.
Thẻ 297
Câu hỏi
When is Windows Enterprise a better fit than Pro?
Câu trả lời
Use Enterprise for centrally managed organizations that need its additional security, deployment, and control features. It is licensed for organizational use rather than a typical retail PC.
Thẻ 298
Câu hỏi
How does a domain differ from a workgroup for Windows client management?
Câu trả lời
A domain provides centralized identity and policy; a workgroup manages accounts separately on each PC. Shared resources must match the chosen model.
Thẻ 299
Câu hỏi
Which command shows active network connections and listening ports on Windows?
Câu trả lời
netstat. Use its documented options to include process IDs or numeric addresses when needed.
Thẻ 300
Câu hỏi
Which Windows tool runs a program or script on a trigger or schedule?
Câu trả lời
Task Scheduler. Use it for defined triggers such as a time, startup, sign-in, or event.
Thẻ 301
Câu hỏi
What must be assigned before a user can legally use many cloud productivity apps?
Câu trả lời
The correct service license. Installation alone does not grant an account access to licensed features.
Thẻ 302
Câu hỏi
What do /Applications, /Users, /Library, and /System hold on macOS?
Câu trả lời
They hold installed apps, user home folders, shared support data, and protected system components, respectively. A user's own Library sits inside that user's home folder.
Thẻ 303
Câu hỏi
What path format directly identifies a Windows network share?
Câu trả lời
A UNC path such as \\server\share. A mapped drive gives that share a drive letter for convenience.
Thẻ 304
Câu hỏi
Why can a 32-bit-only dependency block an otherwise capable 64-bit system?
Câu trả lời
The application may rely on an unsupported 32-bit component or driver. Confirm the complete dependency chain, not just the CPU architecture.
Thẻ 305
Câu hỏi
Which file systems are common on Linux desktops and servers?
Câu trả lời
ext4 and XFS. Both are Linux-native choices; support for features and repair tools depends on the distribution and workload.
Thẻ 306
Câu hỏi
What workload is Windows Pro for Workstations aimed at?
Câu trả lời
High-end professional hardware and demanding workloads. It adds support intended for workstation-class processors, memory, and storage features.
Thẻ 307
Câu hỏi
Why synchronize identity between an organization and a cloud productivity service?
Câu trả lời
It keeps user accounts and access aligned with the organization's identity source. Provisioning and removal can then follow the user's lifecycle.
Thẻ 308
Câu hỏi
When should you try a repair installation or recovery environment?
Câu trả lời
Use it when the current OS is damaged but preserving the installation is still reasonable. Back up recoverable data before making larger changes.
Thẻ 309
Câu hỏi
Which Windows command traces the router hops toward a destination?
Câu trả lời
tracert. Use pathping when you also need sampled latency and loss information across the route.
Thẻ 310
Câu hỏi
Why should mobile apps come from the platform's trusted store or an approved enterprise source?
Câu trả lời
Trusted sources provide stronger publisher, signing, and review checks. Sideloading from an unknown source raises the risk of a malicious or altered app.
Thẻ 311
Câu hỏi
What is distinctive about a Windows N edition?
Câu trả lời
It omits certain built-in media technologies. An application that depends on those components may need Microsoft's media feature package.
Thẻ 312
Câu hỏi
Which partition style is the normal choice for a modern UEFI system?
Câu trả lời
GPT. It supports modern UEFI booting, large disks, and more partitions than legacy MBR.
Thẻ 313
Câu hỏi
What should you confirm when setting up a cloud storage sync folder?
Câu trả lời
Confirm the account, selected folders, local disk impact, sharing rules, and whether files remain available offline.
Thẻ 314
Câu hỏi
When does a dedicated GPU matter more than integrated graphics?
Câu trả lời
It matters when the application requires more graphics performance or dedicated VRAM than the integrated GPU can provide.
Thẻ 315
Câu hỏi
How do chmod and chown differ on Linux?
Câu trả lời
chmod changes permission bits; chown changes file ownership. Verify the target and use elevated rights only when required.
Thẻ 316
Câu hỏi
Which command checks a Windows volume's file-system structure for errors?
Câu trả lời
chkdsk. Review its options before requesting repairs because a repair may need exclusive access or a restart.
Thẻ 317
Câu hỏi
What is the difference between partitioning and formatting a drive?
Câu trả lời
Partitioning defines logical regions on the drive; formatting creates a file system inside a partition. Both can affect existing data, so confirm the target first.
Thẻ 318
Câu hỏi
What does a client VPN connection provide?
Câu trả lời
It creates an encrypted path to a remote private network. The user still needs valid authentication and authorization for its resources.
Thẻ 319
Câu hỏi
Which Linux package managers are common on Debian-based and Fedora-based systems?
Câu trả lời
apt is common on Debian and Ubuntu; dnf is common on Fedora and related systems. Use authorized sudo elevation for administrative package changes instead of routine root login.
Thẻ 320
Câu hỏi
When should you use Performance Monitor instead of only Task Manager?
Câu trả lời
Use Performance Monitor when you need counters collected over time. Task Manager is better for a quick live snapshot.
Thẻ 321
Câu hỏi
Which Windows command-line tool manages disks, partitions, and volumes?
Câu trả lời
diskpart. Select and verify the exact disk before any destructive command.
Thẻ 322
Câu hỏi
Which firmware and security components are central to Windows 11 hardware eligibility?
Câu trả lời
UEFI with Secure Boot capability and a supported TPM 2.0 are central requirements. The processor, RAM, and storage must also meet Microsoft's current requirements.
Thẻ 323
Câu hỏi
What should you verify before a mobile OS upgrade?
Câu trả lời
Check device support, free storage, battery or power, network access, app compatibility, and a current backup.
Thẻ 324
Câu hỏi
Why mark a Windows connection as metered?
Câu trả lời
It tells Windows to limit some background transfers on a connection with a data cap or high cost. Updates and cloud sync may behave differently.
Thẻ 325
Câu hỏi
Which file system is designed for current Apple storage devices?
Câu trả lời
APFS. It is Apple's modern file system for macOS and other Apple platforms.
Thẻ 326
Câu hỏi
Which Linux commands distinguish free filesystem space from a directory's space use?
Câu trả lời
df reports filesystem free space; du estimates space used by files and directories. Use both when tracking down a full disk.
Thẻ 327
Câu hỏi
What belongs in an OS upgrade preflight check?
Câu trả lời
Back up user data and settings, then verify hardware, applications, drivers, storage, licensing, and the supported upgrade path.
Thẻ 328
Câu hỏi
Why should Windows show known file extensions during support work?
Câu trả lời
Visible extensions make file types easier to verify and help expose misleading names such as invoice.pdf.exe.
Thẻ 329
Câu hỏi
What is the safest source for an application installer?
Câu trả lời
Use the vendor's trusted store or official download channel. Verify the publisher, signature, or published hash when available.
Thẻ 330
Câu hỏi
Which Windows command is built for reliable folder copying with restart and mirror options?
Câu trả lời
robocopy. Treat mirror or purge options carefully because they can delete destination files that are absent from the source.
Thẻ 331
Câu hỏi
Why should you verify the supported Windows edition upgrade path before starting?
Câu trả lời
Not every source edition can upgrade directly to every target edition. An unsupported path may require a clean install instead.
Thẻ 332
Câu hỏi
Which Windows tool helps isolate startup problems by controlling boot and service options?
Câu trả lời
System Configuration (msconfig). Use selective startup for diagnosis, then restore the intended configuration after testing.
Thẻ 333
Câu hỏi
What should a technician test before rolling out cloud videoconferencing?
Câu trả lời
Test supported devices, camera and microphone permissions, network capacity, sign-in, and any organization policy.
Thẻ 334
Câu hỏi
What does an operating system reaching end of life mean for support?
Câu trả lời
The vendor no longer provides normal support or security updates. Plan a supported upgrade or replacement instead of treating the old system as safe indefinitely.
Thẻ 335
Câu hỏi
Which Windows command checks protected system files and replaces damaged copies?
Câu trả lời
sfc /scannow. Run it from an elevated terminal and review the result before deciding the next repair step.
Thẻ 336
Câu hỏi
What is the purpose of a Microsoft Management Console snap-in?
Câu trả lời
It adds a focused administrative tool to an MMC console. Event Viewer, Local Users and Groups, and Certificate Manager are common examples.
Thẻ 337
Câu hỏi
What is the purpose of a mobile configuration profile?
Câu trả lời
It applies managed settings such as accounts, certificates, restrictions, and security rules. Install profiles only from an authorized administrator or trusted provider.
Thẻ 338
Câu hỏi
What is ReFS mainly designed to improve on supported Windows systems?
Câu trả lời
Storage resilience and data integrity. ReFS is useful for supported data workloads, but it is not a universal replacement for an NTFS Windows boot volume.
Thẻ 339
Câu hỏi
Why pilot a business application before a broad rollout?
Câu trả lời
A pilot exposes device, network, workflow, licensing, and compatibility effects on a small group before they reach everyone.
Thẻ 340
Câu hỏi
Why check sharing permissions before moving a document into a collaboration workspace?
Câu trả lời
The move may change who can read or edit it. Confirm the intended audience, link settings, ownership, and version history.
Thẻ 341
Câu hỏi
Which physical control stops a vehicle from driving close to a protected entrance?
Câu trả lời
Bollards. They create a physical barrier while still allowing pedestrian access.
Thẻ 342
Câu hỏi
What is the main sign that a message may be phishing?
Câu trả lời
It tries to push you into revealing data, opening a file, or following a link under false pretenses. Verify the request through a known channel.
Thẻ 343
Câu hỏi
What protects workstation data if a powered-off drive is stolen?
Câu trả lời
Data-at-rest encryption, such as BitLocker or FileVault. Store recovery keys through an approved process.
Thẻ 344
Câu hỏi
What is the first step in a suspected malware case?
Câu trả lời
Investigate and verify the symptoms. Record what happened and rule out ordinary faults before declaring the system infected.
Thẻ 345
Câu hỏi
What is the purpose of an access control vestibule?
Câu trả lời
It allows one controlled door to close before the next opens. This reduces tailgating into a secure area.
Thẻ 346
Câu hỏi
How do spear phishing and whaling differ from broad phishing?
Câu trả lời
Spear phishing targets a specific person or group; whaling targets senior or high-value people. Both use tailored context to appear credible.
Thẻ 347
Câu hỏi
Which password properties matter most for normal user accounts?
Câu trả lời
Use long, unique passwords and store them in an approved password manager. Complexity and expiration rules should follow current organization policy.
Thẻ 348
Câu hỏi
Why is a normal format not enough before transferring a drive with sensitive data?
Câu trả lời
A standard format mainly rebuilds file-system structures and may leave recoverable data. Use an approved wipe, secure erase, encryption-key destruction, or physical destruction method.
Thẻ 349
Câu hỏi
What makes a Trojan different from a computer virus?
Câu trả lời
A Trojan pretends to be legitimate so the user installs or runs it. A virus attaches its code to a host file or boot area and replicates when that code runs.
Thẻ 350
Câu hỏi
Why combine a badge reader with a biometric check at a sensitive door?
Câu trả lời
The combination verifies something the person has and something they are. It is stronger than either factor alone.
Thẻ 351
Câu hỏi
What does a BIOS or UEFI password protect?
Câu trả lời
It limits unauthorized firmware changes or startup access. It does not encrypt files on the drive.
Thẻ 352
Câu hỏi
Which phishing names apply to voice calls, text messages, and malicious QR codes?
Câu trả lời
Vishing uses voice, smishing uses SMS or messaging, and QR phishing uses a code to hide the destination. Verify the request before acting.
Thẻ 353
Câu hỏi
What should you do once a malware infection is reasonably confirmed?
Câu trả lời
Quarantine the device from networks and shared storage. Preserve any evidence required by policy while limiting further spread.
Thẻ 354
Câu hỏi
Which malware hides deeply in a system to preserve privileged access?
Câu trả lời
A rootkit. Because it can conceal processes or changes, trusted offline scanning or reimaging may be required.
Thẻ 355
Câu hỏi
What simple action protects an unattended signed-in workstation?
Câu trả lời
Lock the screen. Use an automatic timeout as a backup, and log off when the session is no longer needed.
Thẻ 356
Câu hỏi
What do cameras, guards, alarms, lighting, and motion sensors contribute to physical security?
Câu trả lời
They deter, detect, record, or respond to unauthorized activity. They work best as layers rather than a single control.
Thẻ 357
Câu hỏi
What attack occurs when someone watches a user enter sensitive information?
Câu trả lời
Shoulder surfing. Privacy screens, careful positioning, and awareness reduce the risk.
Thẻ 358
Câu hỏi
How should you verify a browser download before running it?
Câu trả lời
Use a trusted source, confirm the publisher or signature, and compare a published hash when available. A matching hash proves integrity, not that the publisher is trustworthy.
Thẻ 359
Câu hỏi
What does a computer virus need in order to spread?
Câu trả lời
A virus attaches to a host file or boot area and spreads when that infected code runs. A boot-sector virus targets startup data.
Thẻ 360
Câu hỏi
When is a secure erase preferable to physical destruction?
Câu trả lời
Use a verified secure erase when the storage device will be reused and the method fits its media type. Validate the result before reassignment.
Thẻ 361
Câu hỏi
How does tailgating differ from impersonation?
Câu trả lời
Tailgating follows an authorized person into a restricted area; impersonation claims a false identity to gain trust or access.
Thẻ 362
Câu hỏi
What does the principle of least privilege require?
Câu trả lời
Give an account only the access needed for its current job, for only as long as needed. Review and remove unnecessary rights.
Thẻ 363
Câu hỏi
What does spoofing change to make a message, host, or caller look trusted?
Câu trả lời
It forges identifying information such as an address, name, number, or source. Verify identity through a separate trusted signal.
Thẻ 364
Câu hỏi
Which Wi-Fi security protocol is the preferred modern choice when all devices support it?
Câu trả lời
WPA3. Use its strongest supported mode and a strong credential or enterprise authentication.
Thẻ 365
Câu hỏi
How does a DDoS attack differ from a DoS attack?
Câu trả lời
A DDoS attack uses many distributed sources; a DoS attack may come from one source. Both aim to exhaust availability.
Thẻ 366
Câu hỏi
What assumption drives a Zero Trust access decision?
Câu trả lời
No user, device, or network location is trusted automatically. Verify identity, device state, context, and authorization for each access decision.
Thẻ 367
Câu hỏi
Which physical methods make a hard drive unusable?
Câu trả lời
Approved shredding or drilling can destroy the platters and mechanism. Follow safety, environmental, and evidence-handling rules.
Thẻ 368
Câu hỏi
How do account lockout and account expiration solve different problems?
Câu trả lời
Lockout slows repeated failed sign-ins; expiration ends access after a defined date. Set both according to business policy.
Thẻ 369
Câu hỏi
Which malware categories secretly monitor a user's activity?
Câu trả lời
Spyware collects activity or data; a keylogger records input; stalkerware is used for covert surveillance of a person.
Thẻ 370
Câu hỏi
What wireless threat presents a convincing fake access point?
Câu trả lời
An evil twin. Users may connect to it because its network name resembles a trusted one.
Thẻ 371
Câu hỏi
What are the first security changes on a new SOHO router?
Câu trả lời
Change default administrator credentials, update firmware, and save a known-good configuration. Use a unique management password.
Thẻ 372
Câu hỏi
What should you do when a browser reports an invalid certificate on a sensitive site?
Câu trả lời
Stop and verify the address, system time, and certificate details. Do not bypass the warning for sign-in or payment data.
Thẻ 373
Câu hỏi
What does an access control list decide?
Câu trả lời
An ACL states which identities or traffic are allowed or denied on a resource. Keep entries specific and review inherited rules.
Thẻ 374
Câu hỏi
Which malware blocks access to data and demands payment?
Câu trả lời
Ransomware. Isolate the device quickly and recover from known-good backups rather than assuming payment will restore data.
Thẻ 375
Câu hỏi
How should router management access be exposed?
Câu trả lời
Allow it only from trusted interfaces and secure protocols, ideally from the local network. Place the router where unauthorized people cannot reset or replace it.
Thẻ 376
Câu hỏi
How should Windows restore points be handled during an approved malware-removal workflow?
Câu trả lời
Temporarily disable System Restore when the procedure calls for it, then re-enable it and create a clean restore point after remediation.
Thẻ 377
Câu hỏi
Which built-in accounts or credentials should be changed or disabled during setup?
Câu trả lời
Disable the guest account when unused and replace default administrator names or passwords where policy requires it. Never leave vendor defaults active.
Thẻ 378
Câu hỏi
What happens in an on-path attack?
Câu trả lời
The attacker positions themselves between communicating parties to observe or alter traffic. Strong certificate validation and encryption help prevent it.
Thẻ 379
Câu hỏi
How do browser patches and extension controls work together?
Câu trả lời
Patches fix browser flaws; extension controls reduce code from untrusted add-ons. Keep only approved, necessary extensions.
Thẻ 380
Câu hỏi
How should a guest wireless network be separated from trusted devices?
Câu trả lời
Use a separate guest network with strong encryption and client isolation. Do not grant it access to internal files or management interfaces.
Thẻ 381
Câu hỏi
Why disable AutoRun and unused services?
Câu trả lời
They remove automatic execution paths and unnecessary attack surface. Confirm a service is not required before disabling it.
Thẻ 382
Câu hỏi
Which storage media can degaussing sanitize?
Câu trả lời
Magnetic media such as compatible hard drives and tapes, but only with an approved degausser rated for that exact medium. Flash storage such as SSDs cannot be sanitized this way. A drive becoming unusable does not prove its data was sanitized; follow and validate the approved procedure.
Thẻ 383
Câu hỏi
Why update anti-malware tools before the main removal scan?
Câu trả lời
Current definitions and engines can recognize newer threats. Scan in a safer environment, such as Safe Mode or approved recovery media, when appropriate.
Thẻ 384
Câu hỏi
What makes authentication multifactor?
Câu trả lời
It uses factors from at least two different categories, such as a password plus a hardware token or biometric. Two passwords are still one factor type.
Thẻ 385
Câu hỏi
Which encryption choice is appropriate for a WPA2 network?
Câu trả lời
AES-based CCMP. Avoid selecting older TKIP just to keep obsolete clients connected.
Thẻ 386
Câu hỏi
What is the basic endpoint patching sequence?
Câu trả lời
Inventory supported systems, deploy tested OS and application updates, verify success, and remediate failures. Endpoint security definitions need updates too.
Thẻ 387
Câu hỏi
Why should daily work use a standard account instead of an administrator account?
Câu trả lời
A standard account limits what mistakes or malware can change. Elevate only the specific approved task through UAC or Run as administrator.
Thẻ 388
Câu hỏi
When is reimaging safer than continuing to clean an infected PC?
Câu trả lời
Reimage when trust cannot be restored, the malware is deeply embedded, or policy requires a known-good build. Restore only verified clean data.
Thẻ 389
Câu hỏi
Why is TKIP a poor choice for a new wireless network?
Câu trả lời
TKIP is a legacy protocol with known security limits. Replace incompatible clients and use WPA2-AES or WPA3.
Thẻ 390
Câu hỏi
When is incineration an acceptable data-destruction method?
Câu trả lời
Only through an authorized facility that can handle the material safely and meet legal and environmental requirements.
Thẻ 391
Câu hỏi
What does private browsing protect on a shared computer?
Câu trả lời
It reduces local history and cookie retention after the session. It does not hide activity from the network or service, so sign out and clear sensitive data as policy requires.
Thẻ 392
Câu hỏi
How does a dictionary attack differ from a general brute-force attack?
Câu trả lời
A dictionary attack tries likely words and known password patterns; brute force systematically tries possibilities. Long, unique passwords and rate limits make both harder.
Thẻ 393
Câu hỏi
How do SSO and SAML commonly work together?
Câu trả lời
SSO lets one sign-in reach multiple services; SAML can carry trusted authentication claims between an identity provider and a service.
Thẻ 394
Câu hỏi
Why disable UPnP and unused inbound ports when they are not required?
Câu trả lời
They can create unnecessary paths into the network. Open only the specific service and source access the business needs.
Thẻ 395
Câu hỏi
What symptom often points to an unauthorized cryptominer?
Câu trả lời
Unexplained sustained CPU or GPU use, heat, fan noise, or power consumption. Confirm the process before removal.
Thẻ 396
Câu hỏi
What should an outsourced destruction vendor provide?
Câu trả lời
A traceable certificate of destruction or recycling tied to the assets. Confirm the vendor and chain of custody before release.
Thẻ 397
Câu hỏi
When is just-in-time privileged access safer than a standing admin account?
Câu trả lời
It grants elevated rights only for an approved task and limited time. Privileged access management can control and record that elevation.
Thẻ 398
Câu hỏi
What follow-up checks belong after malware removal?
Câu trả lời
Run updated scans, patch the system, schedule ongoing scans and updates, and verify normal behavior before reconnecting fully.
Thẻ 399
Câu hỏi
Which input flaws commonly enable SQL injection and cross-site scripting?
Câu trả lời
SQL injection reaches a database through unsafe query input; XSS injects script into content a browser renders. Use parameterized queries for SQL and context-aware output encoding for browser content.
Thẻ 400
Câu hỏi
Which mobile controls help after a managed phone is lost?
Câu trả lời
A locator, remote lock or wipe, device encryption, and a current remote backup. Test enrollment before the device disappears.
Thẻ 401
Câu hỏi
Which control is designed to detect or block sensitive data from leaving approved boundaries?
Câu trả lời
Data loss prevention, or DLP. It applies rules to data in use, in motion, or at rest according to policy.
Thẻ 402
Câu hỏi
When is port forwarding appropriate on a small network?
Câu trả lời
Use it only for an approved service that must receive inbound traffic. Prefer a screened subnet or other isolation for exposed systems, and document the narrow rule.
Thẻ 403
Câu hỏi
Why can fileless malware be hard to detect?
Câu trả lời
It relies heavily on memory and legitimate system tools instead of leaving a normal executable on disk. Behavior monitoring is especially useful.
Thẻ 404
Câu hỏi
Why are unpatched, end-of-life, or unmanaged BYOD systems a security risk?
Câu trả lời
They may lack current fixes, controls, or visibility. Enforce support and access policy instead of assuming a connected device is safe.
Thẻ 405
Câu hỏi
What must guide disposal of batteries, storage devices, and electronics?
Câu trả lời
Applicable data-retention, privacy, environmental, and recycling rules. Record asset disposition according to policy.
Thẻ 406
Câu hỏi
What should an email security gateway do before a message reaches the user?
Câu trả lời
Filter suspicious senders, links, attachments, and spoofing signals. Users should still verify unusual requests through a known channel.
Thẻ 407
Câu hỏi
Which service commonly provides centralized authentication for enterprise Wi-Fi?
Câu trả lời
RADIUS. It validates users or devices against a central identity source; TACACS+ is more commonly associated with network-device administration.
Thẻ 408
Câu hỏi
How does MDM reduce risk on BYOD and corporate-owned mobile devices?
Câu trả lời
MDM applies profiles, screen-lock rules, updates, app controls, and remote actions. The policy should clearly separate company requirements from personal privacy.
Thẻ 409
Câu hỏi
How does a potentially unwanted program differ from clearly malicious malware?
Câu trả lời
A PUP may be installed with nominal consent but still adds unwanted behavior, such as aggressive ads or browser changes. Remove it through approved tools and review bundled installers.
Thẻ 410
Câu hỏi
What should the technician explain to the user after a malware incident?
Câu trả lời
Explain the likely entry point and practical prevention steps, such as safer links, trusted downloads, updates, and prompt reporting.
Thẻ 411
Câu hỏi
What is the first useful action after a Windows blue-screen crash?
Câu trả lời
Record the stop code and recent changes, then check relevant logs and dumps. Do not replace hardware from the blue screen alone.
Thẻ 412
Câu hỏi
What should you try first when one mobile app will not launch?
Câu trả lời
Force-close the app, reopen it, and check for an update. If the problem persists, restart the device and verify the app still supports the OS.
Thẻ 413
Câu hỏi
What should you do after finding an unapproved app already installed on a managed phone?
Câu trả lời
Document it and follow policy to block or remove it through the approved mobile-management process. Do not open it for testing; if compromise is plausible, contain the phone and escalate before wiping evidence.
Thẻ 414
Câu hỏi
What should you do if a possibly infected PC suddenly cannot reach the network?
Câu trả lời
Check ordinary link and IP status, but keep the PC isolated if compromise is plausible. Do not weaken the firewall just to restore access.
Thẻ 415
Câu hỏi
Where should you start when Windows feels broadly slow?
Câu trả lời
Check Task Manager for CPU, memory, disk, and startup pressure. Correlate the bottleneck with recent apps, updates, storage, and temperature.
Thẻ 416
Câu hỏi
How should you handle a mobile app that repeatedly crashes while in use?
Câu trả lời
Reproduce the trigger, free needed resources, update the app and OS, and clear supported app cache or reinstall after protecting its data.
Thẻ 417
Câu hỏi
Why should developer mode be disabled on a normal user's mobile device?
Câu trả lời
It can expose debugging, installation, or control paths that normal operation does not need. Enable it only for an authorized task and turn it off afterward.
Thẻ 418
Câu hỏi
What do unfamiliar security alerts on the Windows desktop require?
Câu trả lời
Verify which installed product or process created them. Capture the message and avoid clicking it until its source is trusted.
Thẻ 419
Câu hỏi
What should you try when Windows reaches recovery but not the normal desktop?
Câu trả lời
Use Startup Repair or Safe Mode to isolate the boot problem. Back up accessible data before risky repair steps.
Thẻ 420
Câu hỏi
What commonly blocks a mobile app update?
Câu trả lời
Low storage, poor connectivity, account or store issues, device policy, or OS incompatibility. Read the exact store error before changing settings.
Thẻ 421
Câu hỏi
What security boundary changes when a phone is rooted or jailbroken?
Câu trả lời
Platform protections and app isolation may be bypassed. Treat the device as noncompliant and restore it through an approved process.
Thẻ 422
Câu hỏi
How can you recognize a fake antivirus warning?
Câu trả lời
It often uses urgent claims, an unfamiliar brand, or a demand to click, call, or pay. Open the approved security tool directly instead of using the alert.
Thẻ 423
Câu hỏi
What does a firmware message saying no operating system was found suggest checking first?
Câu trả lời
Check whether the system drive is detected and first in the intended boot order. Then inspect its connection, partition, and boot data.
Thẻ 424
Câu hỏi
What should you verify when a mobile app will not install?
Câu trả lời
Verify the source, device and OS compatibility, free storage, account licensing, and management policy.
Thẻ 425
Câu hỏi
What clues suggest a mobile app is spoofing a legitimate one?
Câu trả lời
A mismatched publisher, unusual icon or name, excessive permissions, unexpected sign-in, or an unofficial source. Verify the real listing before entering credentials.
Thẻ 426
Câu hỏi
What can unexplained renamed or missing personal files indicate?
Câu trả lời
Malware, ransomware, account misuse, sync trouble, or storage failure are possible. Isolate the scope and preserve evidence before recovery attempts.
Thẻ 427
Câu hỏi
What evidence helps separate thermal shutdowns from power failures?
Câu trả lời
Review temperatures, fan operation, vents, power events, and whether the failure follows load. Test one likely cause at a time.
Thẻ 428
Câu hỏi
Where should you start with a generally slow phone or tablet?
Câu trả lời
Check free storage, active downloads, background apps, battery condition, and pending updates. Restart before considering a reset.
Thẻ 429
Câu hỏi
What should unexplained high mobile network traffic make you inspect?
Câu trả lời
Inspect per-app data use, recent installations, cloud sync, hotspots, and management alerts. Isolate the device if malicious traffic is plausible.
Thẻ 430
Câu hỏi
What does sudden inability to open many files suggest checking?
Câu trả lời
Check extensions, ransom notes, permissions, storage health, and backup status. Widespread encryption may indicate ransomware.
Thẻ 431
Câu hỏi
What should you inspect when a Windows service will not start?
Câu trả lời
Check its startup type, dependencies, logon account, permissions, and Event Viewer message. Fix the recorded cause rather than repeatedly forcing a start.
Thẻ 432
Câu hỏi
A mobile OS update downloads but fails verification or installation. What should you try before resetting the device?
Câu trả lời
Record the exact error and check free storage first. Then use the OS vendor's supported controls to remove the incomplete update and download a fresh copy with reliable power and a stable network connection; use recovery only if the normal updater still fails.
Thẻ 433
Câu hỏi
How can security trouble cause degraded mobile response time?
Câu trả lời
A malicious or unwanted app may consume CPU, storage, or network resources. Compare resource use with recent apps before removing anything.
Thẻ 434
Câu hỏi
Where should you investigate unwanted Windows notifications?
Câu trả lời
Check notification settings, browser site permissions, startup apps, and recently installed software. Remove the source rather than only muting the symptom.
Thẻ 435
Câu hỏi
How should you isolate an application that keeps crashing?
Câu trả lời
Confirm the scope, reproduce it, check logs, update the app, and test its plug-ins or profile. Reinstall only after preserving needed settings and data.
Thẻ 436
Câu hỏi
How do you find the likely cause of sudden mobile battery drain?
Câu trả lời
Review battery usage by app and system feature, then compare with recent updates, signal conditions, screen use, and battery health.
Thẻ 437
Câu hỏi
What should you check after an unexpected mobile data-limit notification?
Câu trả lời
Review per-app usage and the billing period, then inspect background sync, hotspot use, updates, and unknown apps.
Thẻ 438
Câu hỏi
Why can repeated OS update failures be a security clue?
Câu trả lời
Malware may block updates, though storage, network, or service faults are also common. Investigate the exact error and other symptoms before deciding.
Thẻ 439
Câu hỏi
What should a low-memory warning lead you to inspect?
Câu trả lời
Inspect memory pressure, runaway processes, page-file health, and workload requirements. Closing one app may help briefly but does not explain repeated warnings.
Thẻ 440
Câu hỏi
What is a useful first isolation step for random mobile reboots?
Câu trả lời
Remove or disable the most recent app or configuration change, update the OS, and check storage and temperature. Back up before a reset.
Thẻ 441
Câu hỏi
What security setting can cause limited mobile internet access even with a good signal?
Câu trả lời
A bad VPN, proxy, DNS, content-filtering, or management profile can restrict traffic. Compare the configuration with approved policy.
Thẻ 442
Câu hỏi
What is a useful first check for random browser pop-ups?
Câu trả lời
Inspect site-notification permissions, extensions, startup pages, and recently installed software. Do not click inside the pop-up.
Thẻ 443
Câu hỏi
What is a sensible first response to a USB controller resource warning?
Câu trả lời
Disconnect nonessential USB devices, remove unpowered hubs, and check Device Manager. Then update the controller or chipset driver if the evidence supports it.
Thẻ 444
Câu hỏi
What is the normal first fix for a Bluetooth pairing problem?
Câu trả lời
Confirm both devices are discoverable and compatible, then forget the old pairing and pair again. Check distance, battery, and interference.
Thẻ 445
Câu hỏi
What should you do if normal connectivity checks pass but a phone still has no internet after a suspicious app install?
Câu trả lời
Isolate the phone, remove or quarantine the suspicious app through the approved process, and inspect VPN, proxy, DNS, and profile changes.
Thẻ 446
Câu hỏi
When does a browser certificate warning point to more than a bad website?
Câu trả lời
Warnings across several known-good sites can indicate wrong system time, interception, a proxy, or a trust-store problem. Compare on a trusted network and device.
Thẻ 447
Câu hỏi
What should you do when instability begins right after a driver update?
Câu trả lời
Roll back or replace that driver with a known-good supported version. Confirm stability before changing another component.
Thẻ 448
Câu hỏi
What should you check when one phone cannot join a known Wi-Fi network?
Câu trả lời
Confirm the network and password, toggle Wi-Fi, forget and rejoin the network, then compare with another device before resetting network settings.
Thẻ 449
Câu hỏi
What commonly causes a sudden flood of ads across a mobile device?
Câu trả lời
Adware or a PUP is likely, especially after a recent install. Identify the responsible app instead of tapping the ads.
Thẻ 450
Câu hỏi
What settings should you inspect when browser searches redirect unexpectedly?
Câu trả lời
Inspect the default search provider, home page, extensions, proxy, DNS, and hosts file. Record unauthorized changes before correcting them.
Thẻ 451
Câu hỏi
How can you test whether a slow Windows sign-in is tied to one user profile?
Câu trả lời
Sign in with a known-good local profile and compare. Then inspect profile corruption, startup items, scripts, and redirected resources.
Thẻ 452
Câu hỏi
What should you check when NFC works only intermittently?
Câu trả lời
Confirm NFC is enabled, unlock the device if required, align the NFC areas closely, and remove a case that may block the signal.
Thẻ 453
Câu hỏi
How should you respond to a mobile pop-up claiming the device is infected?
Câu trả lời
Treat it as a likely fake security warning. Do not tap its button; close the source, inspect recent apps or browser data, and scan with approved tools.
Thẻ 454
Câu hỏi
What should you compare when mobile data fails but Wi-Fi works?
Câu trả lời
Check airplane mode, cellular enablement, signal, data limits, SIM or eSIM state, carrier settings, and any provider outage.
Thẻ 455
Câu hỏi
What is the priority when personal files appear to have leaked from a mobile device?
Câu trả lời
Contain the device and affected accounts, preserve relevant evidence, and follow the incident process. Revoke exposed sessions or credentials from a trusted device.
Thẻ 456
Câu hỏi
Why might a mobile screen refuse to rotate?
Câu trả lời
Rotation lock may be enabled, the app may not support that orientation, or a motion sensor may be stuck. Check the setting before hardware diagnosis.
Thẻ 457
Câu hỏi
What can unexpected mobile actions, permission prompts, or settings changes indicate?
Câu trả lời
An unauthorized or compromised app may be acting on the device. Review recent installs, permissions, profiles, and account activity.
Thẻ 458
Câu hỏi
What makes a browser extension suspicious?
Câu trả lời
An unknown publisher, broad permissions, forced installation, hidden controls, or behavior unrelated to its stated job. Remove it through policy and inspect related changes.
Thẻ 459
Câu hỏi
What should you verify when a Windows update repeatedly fails?
Câu trả lời
Check free space, restart state, network access, update history, and the specific error. Apply the vendor's targeted repair steps for that code.
Thẻ 460
Câu hỏi
When should you reset a mobile device during troubleshooting?
Câu trả lời
Reset only after narrower fixes fail and a current backup exists. Confirm account credentials and management enrollment needed for recovery.
Thẻ 461
Câu hỏi
What causes system time to drift repeatedly after shutdown?
Câu trả lời
A failing CMOS battery is one possibility; a bad time source or synchronization setting is another. Check when the drift occurs before replacing anything.
Thẻ 462
Câu hỏi
What PC settings can malware alter to reroute traffic?
Câu trả lời
Proxy, DNS, browser, and hosts-file settings are common targets. Compare them with the approved network configuration.
Thẻ 463
Câu hỏi
How can a clean boot help with a Windows startup problem?
Câu trả lời
It starts Windows with a reduced set of nonessential services and startup items. Re-enable items in groups to identify the conflict.
Thẻ 464
Câu hỏi
How should you troubleshoot a browser that has become much slower than the rest of the PC?
Câu trả lời
Test without unneeded extensions, clear only appropriate cache data, check browser tasks, and compare a clean profile. Scan if the behavior is suspicious.
Thẻ 465
Câu hỏi
What is the safest next step when several mobile security symptoms appear together?
Câu trả lời
Disconnect or contain the device, document the symptoms, and escalate through the approved security process. Avoid wiping evidence unless the response plan authorizes it.
Thẻ 466
Câu hỏi
Which details belong at the start of a support ticket?
Câu trả lời
Record the user, device, contact method, affected service, and a clear issue description. Add the time and business impact when relevant.
Thẻ 467
Câu hỏi
When is sfc /scannow a useful Windows repair step?
Câu trả lời
Use it when protected system files may be damaged. Run it elevated and follow the result instead of assuming it fixes every boot or application fault.
Thẻ 468
Câu hỏi
What should you do before running a repair that may change a failing Windows disk?
Câu trả lời
Protect recoverable data first, then check drive health and file-system evidence. A repair tool is not a substitute for replacing failing storage.
Thẻ 469
Câu hỏi
What is the right overall response to convincing PC security symptoms?
Câu trả lời
Contain the system, document evidence, follow the malware or incident procedure, and restore trust with approved tools or a known-good image.
Thẻ 470
Câu hỏi
What does a full backup contain?
Câu trả lời
A full backup copies all selected data in that backup set. It is simple to restore but usually takes the most time and space to create.
Thẻ 471
Câu hỏi
Where should a technician look for handling and disposal guidance for a chemical product?
Câu trả lời
Use its current Safety Data Sheet and local policy. Follow the listed protective, spill, storage, and disposal instructions.
Thẻ 472
Câu hỏi
What should a change request state before technical planning begins?
Câu trả lời
State the purpose, scope, change type, affected systems, owner, and desired date. A clear request makes impact and approval review possible.
Thẻ 473
Câu hỏi
What does active listening look like in a support conversation?
Câu trả lời
Let the customer finish, ask focused questions, and restate the problem to confirm understanding. Avoid interrupting or jumping to a diagnosis.
Thẻ 474
Câu hỏi
What does chain of custody record during an incident?
Câu trả lời
It records who collected, handled, transferred, stored, and accessed evidence, with dates and purpose. This supports integrity and accountability.
Thẻ 475
Câu hỏi
What makes a ticket issue description useful to another technician?
Câu trả lời
It states expected and actual behavior, exact symptoms, scope, timing, and reproducible steps without guesses presented as facts.
Thẻ 476
Câu hỏi
What does an incremental backup copy?
Câu trả lời
It copies data changed since the most recent backup of any type. Backup runs are small, but recovery may need the last full plus every later incremental.
Thẻ 477
Câu hỏi
How should a technician respond to an angry customer?
Câu trả lời
Stay calm, acknowledge the impact, clarify the facts, and explain realistic next steps. Do not argue, blame, or dismiss the concern.
Thẻ 478
Câu hỏi
Why does order of volatility matter when collecting incident evidence?
Câu trả lời
More temporary data can disappear first. Follow the response plan to capture volatile information before less volatile storage when authorized.
Thẻ 479
Câu hỏi
Which script type is native to traditional Windows batch command processing?
Câu trả lời
A .bat file. VBScript uses .vbs for older Windows automation; review either script before running it with elevated rights.
Thẻ 480
Câu hỏi
How do ventilation and dust control affect equipment reliability?
Câu trả lời
Clear airflow removes heat; controlled dust cleanup prevents blocked vents and conductive buildup. Use equipment-safe compressed air or vacuums.
Thẻ 481
Câu hỏi
How should severity and escalation be recorded?
Câu trả lời
Tie severity to impact and urgency, then use the defined escalation level. Do not inflate it just to move the ticket faster.
Thẻ 482
Câu hỏi
Why create a forensic copy instead of investigating the original drive directly?
Câu trả lời
A verified copy preserves the original evidence and lets analysis proceed with less risk of alteration. Follow authorization and incident policy.
Thẻ 483
Câu hỏi
When is RDP a suitable remote-access choice?
Câu trả lời
Use RDP for an authorized Windows desktop session over a protected path. Limit exposed services, require strong authentication, and follow session policy.
Thẻ 484
Câu hỏi
How should an ESD strap be used during internal PC work?
Câu trả lời
Attach it to an approved ground point while working on powered-down equipment. Pair it with an ESD-safe work surface when available.
Thẻ 485
Câu hỏi
What protection does a UPS add beyond a surge suppressor?
Câu trả lời
A UPS provides temporary battery power and usually power conditioning, giving equipment time to ride through a brief outage or shut down safely.
Thẻ 486
Câu hỏi
What should progress and resolution notes contain?
Câu trả lời
Record tests, results, changes, timestamps, and the confirmed outcome. Another technician should be able to continue without repeating work.
Thẻ 487
Câu hỏi
Which data categories usually require stricter handling and retention rules?
Câu trả lời
Payment data, government identifiers, personally identifiable information, and healthcare data. Apply the relevant law, contract, and business policy.
Thẻ 488
Câu hỏi
Which support tasks can AI assist without making the final decision?
Câu trả lời
AI can help summarize tickets, draft user instructions, search approved knowledge, or suggest diagnostic paths. A technician must verify the result.
Thẻ 489
Câu hỏi
What is the first electrical-safety step before repairing a PC?
Câu trả lời
Shut it down and disconnect power. Follow the device's service procedure because some components can retain hazardous energy.
Thẻ 490
Câu hỏi
How do SSH and VNC differ for remote support?
Câu trả lời
SSH provides an encrypted command-line session; VNC shares a graphical desktop and needs its own secure transport and authentication configuration.
Thẻ 491
Câu hỏi
How should a technician set expectations for a repair?
Câu trả lời
Give a realistic timeline, explain options and dependencies, and send status updates when the estimate changes.
Thẻ 492
Câu hỏi
Which script type gives Windows administrators structured access to system management?
Câu trả lời
A PowerShell .ps1 script. Execution policy is not a malware boundary, so verify the source, signature, and contents.
Thẻ 493
Câu hỏi
What does a differential backup copy?
Câu trả lời
It copies data changed since the last full backup. Recovery normally needs the last full and the latest differential.
Thẻ 494
Câu hỏi
Why do change plans need both a backup plan and a rollback plan?
Câu trả lời
The backup protects data; the rollback returns the service to its prior state if the change fails. Define triggers and responsible staff before implementation.
Thẻ 495
Câu hỏi
How should loose components be handled and stored?
Câu trả lời
Hold boards by the edges, avoid contacts, and place them in antistatic packaging on an ESD-safe surface.
Thẻ 496
Câu hỏi
Why monitor both temperature and humidity in an equipment room?
Câu trả lời
Excess heat shortens component life; very low humidity raises static risk, while high humidity can cause condensation or corrosion.
Thẻ 497
Câu hỏi
What is a synthetic full backup?
Câu trả lời
It combines a previous full backup with later backup data to create a new full on the backup system. The source does not need to resend every file.
Thẻ 498
Câu hỏi
How do an asset tag and a CMDB serve different support needs?
Câu trả lời
The asset tag identifies the physical item; the CMDB records its configuration and relationships. Keep assignment, warranty, and licensing data current.
Thẻ 499
Câu hỏi
What should a technician verify before installing licensed software?
Câu trả lời
Verify a valid license, permitted user or device scope, and any EULA or DRM limits. Personal, corporate, perpetual, and open-source licenses grant different rights.
Thẻ 500
Câu hỏi
Which script type is commonly used for shell automation on Linux and macOS?
Câu trả lời
A .sh shell script. Its interpreter, permissions, quoting, and environment determine how it runs.
Thẻ 501
Câu hỏi
How do GFS rotation and the 3-2-1 backup rule differ?
Câu trả lời
GFS rotates daily, weekly, and monthly backup generations. The 3-2-1 rule keeps three copies on two different media/storage types, with one copy offsite. GFS organizes retention over time; 3-2-1 spreads copies across storage locations and failure modes.
Thẻ 502
Câu hỏi
Which personal protective steps matter for lifting or dusty repair work?
Câu trả lời
Use safe lifting technique and get help for heavy equipment; wear approved eye or breathing protection when the task creates those hazards.
Thẻ 503
Câu hỏi
What does a VPN add to a remote-management session?
Câu trả lời
It creates an encrypted network path to private resources. The remote tool still needs secure configuration, authentication, and least-privilege access.
Thẻ 504
Câu hỏi
What policy questions should come before using AI at work?
Câu trả lời
Check approved tools, allowed data, required disclosure, ownership rules, and whether the task permits AI assistance. Do not assume a public tool is approved.
Thẻ 505
Câu hỏi
Why should a technician avoid jargon when speaking with a customer?
Câu trả lời
Plain language helps the customer understand choices and give informed answers. Use a technical term only when it adds clarity, then explain it.
Thẻ 506
Câu hỏi
What is the value of sandbox testing and peer review before a change?
Câu trả lời
They expose technical mistakes and unexpected impact away from production. Record results and remaining risk.
Thẻ 507
Câu hỏi
What are practical entry-level uses for scripts in support work?
Câu trả lời
Scripts can collect information, remap drives, install approved apps, start updates, restart systems, or run backups consistently. Python .py and JavaScript .js files are common choices when the environment supports them.
Thẻ 508
Câu hỏi
What is the benefit and main risk of an RMM platform?
Câu trả lời
RMM can monitor and manage many endpoints centrally; compromise or misuse can reach many endpoints too. Protect the console with strong access controls, logging, and updates.
Thẻ 509
Câu hỏi
How should a technician handle a confident AI answer?
Câu trả lời
Verify it against trusted evidence. AI can hallucinate, carry bias, miss context, or present outdated information fluently.
Thẻ 510
Câu hỏi
How do surges, brownouts, and blackouts differ?
Câu trả lời
A surge is excess voltage, a brownout is reduced voltage, and a blackout is a loss of power. Match surge protection and UPS capacity to the equipment.
Thẻ 511
Câu hỏi
What must you review before running an unfamiliar support script?
Câu trả lời
Review its source, inputs, privileges, target systems, resource use, network actions, error handling, and rollback. A script can spread malware or change many systems quickly.
Thẻ 512
Câu hỏi
How do an NDA and an acceptable use policy serve different purposes?
Câu trả lời
An NDA restricts disclosure of protected information; an AUP defines permitted use of systems and data. Follow both along with incident and compliance rules.
Thẻ 513
Câu hỏi
When should a normal change wait even if the technical work is ready?
Câu trả lời
Wait for required approval and an allowed maintenance window. Respect change freezes unless the approved emergency process applies.
Thẻ 514
Câu hỏi
Which support document should guide a repeatable task with an agreed method?
Câu trả lời
Use the relevant SOP or checklist. Consult the SLA for service commitments and the knowledge base for reusable diagnosis or resolution guidance.
Thẻ 515
Câu hỏi
What should a technician do if arriving late is unavoidable?
Câu trả lời
Contact the customer promptly, give an honest revised time, and keep the new commitment. Document service provided and follow up as promised.
Thẻ 516
Câu hỏi
What safety problems does good cable management prevent?
Câu trả lời
It reduces trip hazards, blocked airflow, connector strain, and accidental disconnection. Keep cables clear of heat and emergency access.
Thẻ 517
Câu hỏi
How do you know a backup is usable?
Câu trả lời
Test restores on a defined schedule. Verify data integrity and practice both overwrite recovery and recovery to an alternative location.
Thẻ 518
Câu hỏi
What closes a well-managed change?
Câu trả lời
Verify the implementation, obtain required user acceptance, update documentation, and review the outcome. Trigger rollback if the defined failure criteria occur.
Thẻ 519
Câu hỏi
How should a technician handle private material visible on a customer's device?
Câu trả lời
View only what the task requires, avoid copying or discussing it, and follow privacy policy. Maintain professional appearance and conduct in the customer's environment.
Thẻ 520
Câu hỏi
What data boundary applies when prompting a public AI service?
Câu trả lời
Never send credentials or secrets to a public AI service. Keep private customer data, regulated data, proprietary code, and incident evidence out as well. An approved enterprise AI service is a separate case: use it only under the organization's data policy and contractual controls, and still never paste credentials or secrets.

A generic laptop and computer repair tools arranged on a dark technical workbench with abstract network lights.

520 thẻ

CompTIA A+ 220-1201 & 220-1202 Flashcards: Core 1 and Core 2

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CompTIA A+ 220-1201 & 220-1202 Flashcards: Core 1 and Core 2

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Learning order

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Scope, provenance, and reuse

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