CompTIA A+ 220-1201 & 220-1202 Flashcards: Core 1 and Core 2
Review current CompTIA A+ V15 Core 1 and Core 2 objectives with original flashcards for hardware, networking, operating systems, security, commands, and troubleshooting.
Про цю колоду
CompTIA A+ 220-1201 & 220-1202 Flashcards: Core 1 and Core 2
Review the current V15 knowledge behind both CompTIA A+ exams in one 520-card package: 270 cards for Core 1 and 250 for Core 2. The deck covers mobile devices, networking, hardware, virtualization, cloud concepts, operating systems, security, commands, software support, operational procedures, and troubleshooting.
What the cards practice
The cards connect technologies, components, protocols, commands, and common acronyms with their purposes and key behavior. Separate retrieval prompts also work in the useful opposite direction: a technician task or requirement points to the right tool, setting, command, connector, or protocol. Short support scenarios ask for a likely cause, the first useful check, or the next corrective action. Ordered workflows are practiced only when the order matters on the job.
The deck does not mechanically reverse every fact or turn every source bullet into a card. It leaves out low-value acronym production, giant list prompts, unstable click paths, advanced material beyond the V15 entry-level boundary, and near-duplicate wording made only to increase the count.
Learning order
Core 1 starts with mobile hardware and connections, then builds through networking, physical hardware, virtualization, and cloud concepts before applying them to hardware and network troubleshooting. Core 2 moves from operating-system foundations into tools, commands, configuration, security, software troubleshooting, and day-to-day support operations. Inside each topic, recognition comes before selection and short diagnosis. Related forward and reverse cards are kept apart so one prompt does not give away the next.
Labs and PBQs
Flashcards are useful for recall and compact scenario decisions. They do not reproduce hands-on labs, performance-based questions, live command output, or the pressure and ambiguity of the certification exams. Use a real machine, lab environment, and lawful practice tests alongside this deck for installation, configuration, repair, and PBQ-style work.
Scope, provenance, and reuse
The live CompTIA Core 1 and Core 2 V15 pages and the current version 4.0 objective PDFs were reviewed on September 1, 2026. Both PDFs were last modified on November 25, 2025. They were used only to check the exam version, domain boundaries, weighting, and technical scope. Common technical facts are explained in original language and organized for retrieval practice. Public overview pages from three study tools were compared only for structure and learner expectations; their cards, questions, examples, explanations, and course text were not drafting input.
The Common knowledge · CC0 1.0 label applies to the deck’s original prompts, answers, organization, metadata, and generated cover to the extent applicable rights exist. It does not claim ownership of technical facts, CompTIA names, or third-party source material.
This deck is independently authored and unofficial. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by CompTIA, Inc., and it uses no CompTIA logo or official trade dress.
No CompTIA exam questions, answers, performance-based questions, mark schemes, or objective wording were copied.
Current official requirements: Core 1 V15 (220-1201), Core 1 objectives PDF, Core 2 V15 (220-1202), and Core 2 objectives PDF.
Картки в цій колоді
Картка 1
Питання
What is the safe response to a swollen mobile-device battery?
Відповідь
Power the device off, disconnect external power, and isolate it for approved battery service. Don't charge, puncture, press, or keep using the battery.
Картка 2
Питання
Which RAM form factor is common in serviceable laptops?
Відповідь
A SO-DIMM. Match its DDR generation, capacity support, and other platform requirements before installation.
Картка 3
Питання
What should you confirm before replacing laptop keys or a keyboard?
Відповідь
Confirm the model's replaceable unit and service procedure. Some keys are individually serviceable; other designs require the keyboard or full top case.
Картка 4
Питання
What protects data during a laptop HDD or SSD replacement?
Відповідь
A verified backup and migration plan. Also match the replacement drive's interface, form factor, and supported capacity.
Картка 5
Питання
How should tiny antenna leads be handled during wireless-card service?
Відповідь
Label their positions, lift each connector straight up with the proper tool, and reconnect it to the marked terminal. Pulling the wire can damage the lead.
Картка 6
Питання
Which built-in laptop components commonly provide physical privacy or identity checks?
Відповідь
Components such as fingerprint or facial-recognition hardware and near-field credential readers. Their firmware, drivers, permissions, and enrollment must all support the feature.
Картка 7
Питання
Why does Wi-Fi antenna placement matter after a laptop repair?
Відповідь
Correct routing and terminal placement preserve signal quality. A pinched cable, loose connector, or swapped main/aux lead can weaken wireless performance.
Картка 8
Питання
A replacement laptop camera has no image. What should you check before replacing it again?
Відповідь
Check its internal cable, privacy shutter or switch, firmware detection, driver, and app permission. A hardware replacement won't fix a blocked camera setting.
Картка 9
Питання
A built-in mobile-device microphone is silent. What should you check first?
Відповідь
Check the selected input, mute state, app permission, and microphone opening. Then inspect the internal connection if every app fails.
Картка 10
Питання
Why disconnect the internal battery before replacing laptop RAM, storage, or a display assembly?
Відповідь
To remove standby power from the board and reduce short-circuit risk. Follow the model's shutdown and battery-disconnection procedure.
Картка 11
Питання
What should guide any field replacement inside a thin mobile device?
Відповідь
The manufacturer's service instructions, warranty terms, and ESD precautions. Adhesives, hidden cables, and replaceable assemblies vary by model.
Картка 12
Питання
How do USB-C, microUSB, and miniUSB differ?
Відповідь
They are different connector shapes. USB-C is reversible; microUSB and miniUSB are older keyed designs, and none of the shapes alone guarantees a data speed.
Картка 13
Питання
What can a laptop docking station add through one host connection?
Відповідь
Power, displays, networking, storage, and peripheral ports. The host, dock, cable, and software must support the promised features.
Картка 14
Питання
What must match for a stylus to support pressure or precision input?
Відповідь
The stylus technology and the device's digitizer. A generic capacitive stylus may act like a finger but can't add unsupported active-pen features.
Картка 15
Питання
Which connector is associated with many older Apple mobile devices?
Відповідь
Lightning. Match the cable to the actual model because newer Apple devices may use USB-C.
Картка 16
Питання
How do a headset, external speaker, and webcam extend a mobile workstation?
Відповідь
A headset adds private audio input/output, a speaker adds room audio, and a webcam adds video input. Select each one in the app after connecting it.
Картка 17
Питання
How do a trackpad, drawing pad, and trackpoint differ?
Відповідь
A trackpad senses finger gestures, a drawing pad captures pen input, and a trackpoint moves the pointer from a small keyboard-mounted stick.
Картка 18
Питання
What is NFC commonly used for on a mobile device?
Відповідь
Very short-range exchanges such as tap-to-pay, credential reading, or quick pairing. Its short working distance supports deliberate tap-style use.
Картка 19
Питання
How is a port replicator different from a full docking station?
Відповідь
A port replicator mainly exposes additional connectors; a dock commonly adds broader capabilities such as charging, displays, or networking. Verify the product's actual feature list.
Картка 20
Питання
Which connection is the usual choice for nearby mobile headsets and keyboards?
Відповідь
Bluetooth. It provides short-range wireless accessory links with relatively low power use.
Картка 21
Питання
What does mobile tethering or hotspot mode do?
Відповідь
It shares the device's internet connection with another client, commonly over Wi-Fi, USB, or Bluetooth. The carrier plan may limit tethering or data use.
Картка 22
Питання
How do 3G, 4G, and 5G relate on a mobile device?
Відповідь
They are cellular network generations. Newer generations can offer more capacity or lower latency, but the device, SIM or eSIM, plan, coverage, and local network determine service.
Картка 23
Питання
What is the practical difference between a SIM and an eSIM?
Відповідь
A SIM is a removable identity module; an eSIM stores a carrier profile in embedded hardware. Both associate the device with cellular service.
Картка 24
Питання
What sequence pairs a Bluetooth accessory safely?
Відповідь
Enable Bluetooth, put the accessory in pairing mode, select the intended device, confirm any PIN or code, and test the connection.
Картка 25
Питання
How do GPS and cellular location services complement each other?
Відповідь
GPS derives position from satellites, while cellular and nearby-network data can speed or assist location. App permission and device settings control access.
Картка 26
Питання
Which radios should you check when a phone has neither local Wi-Fi nor wide-area data?
Відповідь
Check Wi-Fi and cellular data separately, along with airplane mode. One radio can be disabled while the other remains available.
Картка 27
Питання
What should you verify when adding mail to a mobile device?
Відповідь
Verify the account, credentials, incoming and outgoing server settings, security method, and network access. A correct password can't repair a wrong server setting.
Картка 28
Питання
A phone can browse on Wi-Fi but not through its hotspot. What should you check?
Відповідь
Check that hotspot service is enabled, cellular data works, the plan permits tethering, and the client has the correct hotspot password.
Картка 29
Питання
How should you test a newly configured mobile connection?
Відповідь
Test the intended path and service: join the correct network or carrier, verify addressing or signal, then open the required app or destination.
Картка 30
Питання
What does mobile device management provide?
Відповідь
Central enrollment, device configuration, policy enforcement, corporate-app deployment, inventory, and approved remote actions.
Картка 31
Питання
How do corporate-owned and BYOD management profiles usually differ?
Відповідь
Corporate-owned devices normally allow broader organizational control; BYOD profiles should isolate managed work data and respect the user's personal data under policy.
Картка 32
Питання
What should be checked when calendar, contacts, or business mail stops synchronizing?
Відповідь
Check connectivity, account sign-in, sync scope, device time, storage, and service status before removing the account.
Картка 33
Питання
Why do data caps matter to mobile synchronization?
Відповідь
Large mail, cloud-storage, or app sync jobs can consume metered cellular data. Choose what syncs and whether Wi-Fi is required.
Картка 34
Питання
When is an MDM remote wipe appropriate?
Відповідь
When policy authorizes removal of protected data from a lost, stolen, retired, or reassigned device. Confirm the exact device and wipe scope first.
Картка 35
Питання
What is the point of separating corporate apps and data on a personal phone?
Відповідь
It lets the organization enforce work controls and remove managed data without treating the user's whole device as corporate property.
Картка 36
Питання
How do TCP and UDP differ?
Відповідь
TCP provides connection-oriented, ordered, acknowledged delivery; UDP sends low-overhead datagrams without built-in ordering or retransmission.
Картка 37
Питання
Which ports are associated with classic FTP?
Відповідь
TCP 21 carries control traffic, and TCP 20 is the traditional active-mode data port. FTP doesn't encrypt credentials or content by itself.
Картка 38
Питання
Which default port does SSH use, and what does it provide?
Відповідь
TCP 22. SSH provides encrypted remote command-line access and related secure services.
Картка 39
Питання
Which default port is traditionally used for SMTP server-to-server relay?
Відповідь
TCP 25. Mail clients commonly submit outgoing mail through a separate authenticated service.
Картка 40
Питання
Which port does DNS use?
Відповідь
Port 53: usually UDP for ordinary queries and TCP when the response or operation requires it.
Картка 41
Питання
Which ports carry DHCP client and server traffic?
Відповідь
UDP 68 for the client and UDP 67 for the server. A new client can broadcast before it has an address.
Картка 42
Питання
Which ports distinguish HTTP from HTTPS?
Відповідь
HTTP normally uses TCP 80; HTTPS normally uses TCP 443 and protects the session with TLS.
Картка 43
Питання
Which default port does POP3 use without TLS?
Відповідь
TCP 110. POP3 commonly downloads messages rather than synchronizing server-side folders like IMAP.
Картка 44
Питання
Which ports are associated with NetBIOS over TCP/IP?
Відповідь
Ports 137–139. Name service commonly uses 137, datagram service 138, and session service TCP 139.
Картка 45
Питання
Which default port does LDAP use?
Відповідь
Port 389, commonly TCP. LDAP provides directory queries and updates; protect credentials with an approved secure configuration.
Картка 46
Питання
Which default port does SMB/CIFS commonly use?
Відповідь
TCP 445. SMB commonly carries file and printer sharing.
Картка 47
Питання
Which default port does RDP use?
Відповідь
TCP 3389. RDP provides remote graphical access to a Windows system.
Картка 48
Питання
Which default port does Telnet use, and why is it avoided on untrusted networks?
Відповідь
TCP 23. Telnet sends remote-terminal traffic without SSH's encryption.
Картка 49
Питання
Which default port does IMAP use without TLS?
Відповідь
TCP 143. IMAP keeps mailbox state and folders synchronized on the server.
Картка 50
Питання
How do common 802.11 families map to Wi-Fi bands?
Відповідь
802.11b/g use 2.4 GHz; 802.11a/ac use 5 GHz; 802.11n can use 2.4 or 5 GHz; 802.11ax can use 2.4 or 5 GHz, with Wi-Fi 6E extending it to 6 GHz.
Картка 51
Питання
What is the tradeoff when selecting a wider Wi-Fi channel?
Відповідь
A wider channel can carry more data but occupies more spectrum and may overlap more neighbors. Use a width that clients, regulations, and local conditions support.
Картка 52
Питання
What networking role does Bluetooth fill?
Відповідь
Short-range personal-area links for accessories and nearby devices. It trades range and throughput for convenience and relatively low power use.
Картка 53
Питання
How do the 2.4, 5, and 6 GHz Wi-Fi bands generally differ?
Відповідь
2.4 GHz usually reaches farther but is crowded; 5 GHz offers more capacity with less wall penetration; 6 GHz adds clean spectrum for compatible devices but typically has the shortest reach.
Картка 54
Питання
How does NFC differ from general-purpose Wi-Fi?
Відповідь
NFC handles deliberate, very short-range exchanges; Wi-Fi provides a longer-range network connection with much higher throughput.
Картка 55
Питання
What should guide Wi-Fi channel selection?
Відповідь
Local regulations, a spectrum or Wi-Fi survey, channel width, band support, interference, and neighboring use. Choose from measured conditions, then retest where users work.
Картка 56
Питання
What is RFID used for?
Відповідь
Identifying or tracking tagged objects by radio. Readers can work with passive or powered tags at ranges set by the RFID system.
Картка 57
Питання
What distinguishes Wi-Fi 6E from ordinary Wi-Fi 6 operation?
Відповідь
Wi-Fi 6E permits compatible 802.11ax devices to use the 6 GHz band. Both the client and access point must support that band.
Картка 58
Питання
How do DNS and DHCP server roles differ?
Відповідь
DNS resolves names to records; DHCP leases IP configuration such as an address, mask, gateway, and DNS servers.
Картка 59
Питання
How do file and print servers centralize shared resources?
Відповідь
A file server hosts shared data and permissions; a print server manages printer queues, drivers, and access.
Картка 60
Питання
How do mail and web servers differ?
Відповідь
A mail server transfers or stores messages; a web server returns site or application content over HTTP or HTTPS.
Картка 61
Питання
Why would a network use both syslog and NTP servers?
Відповідь
Syslog centralizes event messages, while NTP aligns device clocks so those events have comparable timestamps.
Картка 62
Питання
How do AAA and database servers differ?
Відповідь
An AAA server handles authentication, authorization, and accounting; a database server stores and queries structured application data.
Картка 63
Питання
How do a spam gateway and a proxy serve different traffic?
Відповідь
A spam gateway filters mail flow; a proxy relays client requests and may enforce filtering, logging, or caching for supported services.
Картка 64
Питання
How do a UTM appliance and a load balancer differ?
Відповідь
A UTM combines gateway security controls; a load balancer distributes requests across service instances for capacity or availability.
Картка 65
Питання
Why do legacy and embedded network systems need cautious support planning?
Відповідь
They may have fixed software, limited interfaces, or long service lives. Isolate them, preserve required compatibility, and change them only within vendor and operational constraints.
Картка 66
Питання
What does SCADA monitor or control?
Відповідь
Industrial processes and equipment. Availability and physical safety requirements belong in every support decision.
Картка 67
Питання
Why are IoT devices often placed on a separate network?
Відповідь
Segmentation limits what an outdated or compromised device can reach and makes its traffic easier to manage.
Картка 68
Питання
Match DNS A, AAAA, CNAME, and MX records to their jobs.
Відповідь
A maps a hostname to IPv4, AAAA maps it to IPv6, CNAME aliases one hostname to another, and MX identifies a domain's mail exchangers.
Картка 69
Питання
How do a DHCP scope and exclusion differ?
Відповідь
The scope defines the address pool and options DHCP can offer; an exclusion removes selected addresses from automatic leasing.
Картка 70
Питання
What does a VLAN create on switched infrastructure?
Відповідь
A logical Layer 2 broadcast domain. It separates traffic without requiring a different physical switch for every segment.
Картка 71
Питання
What does a VPN protect?
Відповідь
Traffic across an untrusted network by creating an authenticated encrypted tunnel. Endpoint security and resource permissions still matter.
Картка 72
Питання
How do DNS TXT records support SPF, DKIM, and DMARC?
Відповідь
TXT records publish mail-policy data: SPF lists authorized senders, DKIM exposes keys for signature checks, and DMARC sets alignment policy and reporting.
Картка 73
Питання
How do a DHCP lease and reservation differ?
Відповідь
A lease is a time-limited address assignment; a reservation consistently offers a chosen address to a specific client, usually by MAC address.
Картка 74
Питання
How do access and trunk switch ports handle VLANs?
Відповідь
An access port normally carries one endpoint VLAN; a trunk carries tagged traffic for multiple VLANs.
Картка 75
Питання
When would you choose a site-to-site VPN instead of a client VPN?
Відповідь
Choose site-to-site for a persistent protected link between networks; choose a client VPN for an individual endpoint connecting remotely.
Картка 76
Питання
How do routers and Ethernet switches differ?
Відповідь
A router forwards packets between IP networks; a switch forwards local frames using learned MAC-address locations.
Картка 77
Питання
What does a wireless access point do?
Відповідь
It bridges compatible wireless clients onto a wired LAN. Routing, DHCP, and internet access may come from other devices.
Картка 78
Питання
What is a patch panel's role?
Відповідь
It passively terminates and organizes permanent cable runs. Patch cords connect those runs to active equipment such as switches.
Картка 79
Питання
What is a firewall's core job?
Відповідь
It permits or blocks traffic according to security rules. Logs help explain why expected traffic was accepted or denied.
Картка 80
Питання
How do managed and unmanaged switches differ?
Відповідь
A managed switch exposes configuration and monitoring such as VLANs; an unmanaged switch provides basic switching with little or no administration.
Картка 81
Питання
How can PoE be supplied, and what must match?
Відповідь
A PoE switch or injector can supply it. The source standard, powered device, cable, per-port state, and total power budget must be compatible.
Картка 82
Питання
Match cable modem, DSL modem, ONT, and NIC to their access roles.
Відповідь
Cable and DSL modems terminate coax and telephone-copper services; an ONT terminates provider fiber; a NIC connects the host and carries its physical MAC address.
Картка 83
Питання
How do private and public IPv4 addresses differ?
Відповідь
Private ranges are used inside networks and aren't routed on the public internet; a public address is globally routable when assigned. NAT often translates between them.
Картка 84
Питання
What does a 169.254.x.x IPv4 address usually indicate?
Відповідь
APIPA self-assignment after the host failed to obtain DHCP configuration. Check the link and path to DHCP.
Картка 85
Питання
When should a SOHO device use static rather than dynamic IP configuration?
Відповідь
Use static or reserved addressing when a predictable endpoint is required; use DHCP for ordinary clients that can accept leased settings.
Картка 86
Питання
What does an IPv4 subnet mask tell a host?
Відповідь
Which address bits identify the local network. The host uses it to decide whether to send directly or through a gateway.
Картка 87
Питання
How does IPv6 addressing differ from IPv4 addressing?
Відповідь
IPv6 uses 128-bit hexadecimal addresses; IPv4 uses 32-bit dotted-decimal addresses. Both still require correct local and routing configuration.
Картка 88
Питання
What does a default gateway provide?
Відповідь
The next hop for destinations outside the local subnet. It is normally the local router interface for that network.
Картка 89
Питання
How do fiber, cable, and DSL internet access differ?
Відповідь
Fiber carries light and offers high capacity; cable uses a shared coax access network; DSL carries broadband over telephone copper and depends strongly on line distance and quality.
Картка 90
Питання
How do PAN, LAN, and WLAN differ?
Відповідь
A PAN links one person's nearby devices, a LAN serves a local site, and a WLAN is the wireless form of a local-area network.
Картка 91
Питання
When are cellular, WISP, and satellite internet useful?
Відповідь
Cellular uses mobile coverage, a WISP uses a terrestrial provider radio link, and satellite reaches beyond many ground networks. Signal, latency, limits, and availability guide the choice.
Картка 92
Питання
How do MAN and WAN scopes differ?
Відповідь
A MAN links sites across a city or metropolitan area; a WAN spans larger geographic distances and joins multiple networks.
Картка 93
Питання
What is a storage area network?
Відповідь
A SAN is a dedicated network that presents shared block storage to servers. It is different from an ordinary user LAN or file share.
Картка 94
Питання
Which tools prepare and terminate a modular copper cable?
Відповідь
A cable stripper removes the jacket; a crimper attaches a compatible modular plug. Use the intended pinout, then test the cable.
Картка 95
Питання
How do a punchdown tool and cable tester support a permanent cable run?
Відповідь
The punchdown tool seats conductors into an IDC block; the tester checks continuity and wire-map faults after termination.
Картка 96
Питання
How do a toner probe and loopback plug answer different network questions?
Відповідь
A tone generator and probe identify a cable's far end; a loopback plug tests whether a port can transmit and receive through its own interface.
Картка 97
Питання
How do a Wi-Fi analyzer and network tap differ?
Відповідь
A Wi-Fi analyzer measures nearby wireless networks and channels; a network tap exposes a link's traffic to monitoring equipment without becoming the endpoint.
Картка 98
Питання
How do IPS, TN, and VA LCD panels generally differ?
Відповідь
IPS favors color consistency and viewing angles, TN favors fast response at low cost, and VA favors contrast. Actual panel quality still varies.
Картка 99
Питання
How do OLED and Mini-LED displays produce light?
Відповідь
OLED pixels emit their own light; Mini-LED is an LCD that uses many small backlight zones. OLED can show deep blacks, while Mini-LED can reach high brightness without organic pixels.
Картка 100
Питання
What does a touchscreen digitizer do?
Відповідь
It detects touch or compatible stylus position. The display creates the image; the digitizer reports input coordinates.
Картка 101
Питання
What does an inverter do in an older LCD backlight system?
Відповідь
It converts power for the fluorescent backlight. Modern LED-backlit panels use different driver electronics.
Картка 102
Питання
How do screen resolution and pixel density differ?
Відповідь
Resolution is the number of addressable pixels; pixel density is how tightly those pixels fit in a physical area. Both affect perceived detail.
Картка 103
Питання
What do refresh rate and color gamut describe?
Відповідь
Refresh rate is how often the image can update each second; color gamut is the range of colors the display can reproduce.
Картка 104
Питання
How do Cat 5e, Cat 6, and Cat 6A Ethernet cable capabilities compare?
Відповідь
Cat 5e commonly supports 1 Gb/s to 100 m; Cat 6 improves noise performance and can support 10 Gb/s on shorter runs; Cat 6A is designed for 10 Gb/s to 100 m.
Картка 105
Питання
How do HDMI and DisplayPort fit typical display setups?
Відповідь
Both carry digital video and audio. HDMI is common on TVs and consumer equipment; DisplayPort is common on PCs and monitors, with features set by the negotiated versions.
Картка 106
Питання
What is the practical difference between T568A and T568B terminations?
Відповідь
They place the green and orange pairs in different pin positions. Use one recognized scheme consistently at both plug and punchdown-block terminations for a normal straight-through run.
Картка 107
Питання
Which cable ratings suit EMI, outdoor burial, and air-handling spaces?
Відповідь
Unshielded twisted pair suits ordinary low-interference runs, shielded twisted pair helps with EMI, direct-burial cable resists outdoor moisture, and plenum-rated cable limits flame spread and smoke in plenum spaces.
Картка 108
Питання
Match RJ11, RJ45, and F-type connectors to common cabling.
Відповідь
RJ11 is commonly used for telephone wiring, the 8P8C connector called RJ45 for twisted-pair Ethernet, and F-type for threaded coax connections.
Картка 109
Питання
How do DVI and VGA differ?
Відповідь
DVI variants may carry digital video, analog video, or both; VGA carries analog video through a 15-pin D-sub connector.
Картка 110
Питання
How do single-mode and multimode fiber differ, and which connectors may terminate them?
Відповідь
Single-mode uses a small core for long links; multimode uses a larger core for shorter links. ST, SC, and LC are connector styles that must match the link hardware and fiber type.
Картка 111
Питання
What should you infer from USB 2.0, USB 3.x, microUSB, miniUSB, USB-C, and Lightning labels?
Відповідь
USB 2.0 and 3.x describe protocol capabilities. MicroUSB, miniUSB, and USB-C are USB connector families; Lightning is a separate Apple connector. Plug shape alone doesn't guarantee speed or video support.
Картка 112
Питання
How do SATA, eSATA, and Molex relate to storage connections?
Відповідь
SATA carries internal drive data, eSATA extends SATA to an external connector, and a Molex plug is a legacy power connector. Data and power paths are separate.
Картка 113
Питання
Which legacy peripheral link commonly uses a DB9 connector?
Відповідь
A serial connection such as RS-232. It sends data sequentially and is still used for some console and industrial equipment.
Картка 114
Питання
When does a cable adapter need active electronics?
Відповідь
When the source and destination use different signaling, not just different plug shapes. A passive adapter only changes compatible wiring; an active adapter converts the signal.
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Питання
Where are DIMM and SO-DIMM modules normally used?
Відповідь
Full-size DIMMs normally fit desktop or server boards; shorter SO-DIMMs fit many laptops and compact systems.
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Why doesn't every USB-C cable provide Thunderbolt or display output?
Відповідь
USB-C names the connector. Thunderbolt, USB speed, charging level, and video alternate modes require matching support from the port, cable, and device.
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Питання
Can one DDR memory generation be installed in another generation's slot?
Відповідь
No. DDR generations use different electrical designs and keying, so the module must match the motherboard.
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How does ECC RAM differ from non-ECC RAM?
Відповідь
ECC can detect and correct certain memory errors; non-ECC lacks that protection. The CPU and motherboard must support ECC.
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What does a dual- or multi-channel memory configuration require?
Відповідь
Compatible modules installed in the motherboard's paired channel slots. The board manual identifies the correct population order.
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What happens when compatible RAM modules have different rated speeds?
Відповідь
They normally operate at a mutually supported speed, often the slower module's rate. Platform and firmware limits can reduce it further.
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What limits a system's usable RAM capacity?
Відповідь
The CPU memory controller, motherboard, firmware, operating system, and supported module layout. Check the platform documentation before buying modules.
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Питання
How do RAID 0 and RAID 1 trade capacity for protection?
Відповідь
RAID 0 stripes data for capacity and performance but has no redundancy; RAID 1 mirrors data and can survive one member failure.
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Питання
How do 2.5-inch and 3.5-inch HDDs, spindle speed, and workload affect a drive choice?
Відповідь
The bay and interface must fit the form factor; faster spindle speed can improve access but adds heat, noise, and power use. Workload and capacity still matter.
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Питання
How do SATA SSDs and NVMe SSDs communicate?
Відповідь
A SATA SSD uses the SATA storage interface; an NVMe SSD uses PCIe for lower-latency flash access. The slot and firmware must support the selected signaling.
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Питання
Which removable media suit portable files, camera storage, and optical archives?
Відповідь
USB flash drives suit general transfers, memory cards suit compact devices such as cameras, and optical discs require a drive that supports the disc format.
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How do RAID 5 and RAID 6 differ?
Відповідь
RAID 5 needs at least three drives and tolerates one member failure; RAID 6 needs at least four and uses dual parity to tolerate two.
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Питання
What distinguishes SAS from SATA storage?
Відповідь
SAS is an enterprise-oriented serial SCSI interface with features such as dual-port support; SATA is common in client storage. The drive and controller interface must match.
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How do M.2 and mSATA differ?
Відповідь
M.2 is a keyed form-factor family that may carry SATA or PCIe/NVMe; mSATA is an older compact form factor that carries SATA signaling.
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Питання
When is an SSD preferable to an HDD?
Відповідь
Choose an SSD for low-latency, shock-resistant storage; choose an HDD when low-cost bulk capacity matters more. Neither removes the need for backup.
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Питання
How do ATX, microATX, and Mini-ITX motherboard form factors affect a build?
Відповідь
They differ in board size, mounting layout, and typical expansion capacity. The case, power supply, and required slots must fit the board.
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Match common motherboard connectors to their jobs.
Відповідь
PCI and PCIe host expansion cards; SATA and eSATA carry storage data; M.2 hosts compact devices; headers connect case features; power connectors feed the board and CPU.
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Питання
What does RAID 10 provide?
Відповідь
Striping across mirrored pairs, normally using at least four drives. It combines performance with redundancy, but surviving multiple failures depends on which members fail.
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What must match before installing an AMD or Intel CPU?
Відповідь
The CPU socket, chipset, firmware, and thermal design must support that exact processor. Multisocket boards also require a supported processor combination.
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Питання
Which UEFI settings commonly control startup and hardware access?
Відповідь
Boot order, removable-media boot, USB permissions, fan behavior, temperature monitoring, and virtualization support. Change only the setting required for the task.
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How do Secure Boot, a boot password, and a firmware setup password differ?
Відповідь
Secure Boot verifies trusted boot software; a boot password challenges startup; a setup password restricts firmware changes.
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Питання
How do x86, x64, and ARM CPU architectures affect compatibility?
Відповідь
They use different instruction-set families; x86 is 32-bit, x64 extends that family to 64-bit, and ARM uses a RISC design. The OS and applications need compatible builds.
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Питання
What does adding CPU cores improve?
Відповідь
Parallel work when software can use the cores. Architecture, clock speed, cooling, memory, and workload still shape performance.
Картка 138
Питання
Match sound, video, capture, and network expansion cards to their jobs.
Відповідь
Sound cards handle audio I/O, video cards render graphics, capture cards ingest external media signals, and NICs add network connectivity.
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Питання
How do a TPM and HSM support encryption differently?
Відповідь
A TPM is a system security chip for protected keys and platform measurements; an HSM is a dedicated device or service for controlled cryptographic key operations.
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How do fans and heat sinks work together?
Відповідь
A heat sink spreads component heat across fins; fans move air across those fins and through the case.
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Питання
Why are thermal paste or pads placed between a chip and cooler?
Відповідь
They fill microscopic gaps so heat transfers efficiently. Use the specified material and amount.
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What extra components does liquid CPU cooling add to diagnosis?
Відповідь
A pump, coolant path, radiator, fans, tubing, and seals. Verify mounting, flow, airflow, and leaks.
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Питання
What hardware and firmware support may a hypervisor require?
Відповідь
A compatible CPU virtualization feature enabled in UEFI, plus enough memory, storage, networking, and security controls for its guests.
Картка 144
Питання
What must be checked when a PSU can receive 110–120 VAC or 220–240 VAC?
Відповідь
Its input range and selector behavior. Use the local mains range and never guess with a manual voltage switch.
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Питання
What do the 3.3 V, 5 V, and 12 V PSU rails typically power?
Відповідь
They supply different component circuits: 3.3 V and 5 V serve logic and peripherals, while 12 V commonly feeds CPU/GPU regulators, motors, and fans.
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Питання
What does a 20+4-pin ATX connector power?
Відповідь
The motherboard's main input. The CPU normally needs a separate 4- or 8-pin EPS-style connection.
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How should PSU wattage be chosen?
Відповідь
Add the system's realistic peak demand and sensible headroom, then confirm connector, rail, and quality requirements. A large wattage label alone doesn't prove suitability.
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Питання
What is the advantage and main caution of a modular PSU?
Відповідь
Detachable cables reduce clutter, but only cables approved for that exact PSU should be used. Modular pinouts aren't universally interchangeable.
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What does a redundant power supply provide?
Відповідь
Two or more power modules so one can fail without immediately stopping the system. Redundancy still needs correct capacity and monitoring.
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Питання
Why does PSU efficiency matter?
Відповідь
Higher efficiency wastes less input power as heat at a given load. Efficiency certification doesn't replace checks for electrical quality, capacity, or connectors.
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Питання
How does a laser printer create and fix an image?
Відповідь
It forms an electrostatic image, applies toner, and bonds the toner with a heated fuser. Toner, drum, transfer, and fuser parts all affect output.
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Питання
What should be checked when unboxing and placing a multifunction printer?
Відповідь
Remove shipping locks, allow service clearance and ventilation, match power and network access, load supported media, and choose a stable location.
Картка 153
Питання
How do PCL and PostScript printer drivers differ?
Відповідь
PCL is common for fast office output and can vary by device; PostScript describes pages in a device-independent way that suits complex graphics. Use the printer's supported driver.
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Питання
What should be verified when choosing USB, Ethernet, or Wi-Fi for a printer?
Відповідь
Verify the intended users, cable or signal path, addressing, security, firmware, and driver support. USB serves a local host; network links serve reachable clients.
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Питання
Which parts and maintenance tasks are typical for an inkjet printer?
Відповідь
Ink cartridges, printheads, pickup rollers, and feeders. Clean or align printheads, replace approved cartridges, clear jams, and service feed parts as needed.
Картка 156
Питання
How do printer sharing and a print server differ?
Відповідь
A printer share exposes a queue from a host; a print server centralizes queues, drivers, permissions, and management for many clients.
Картка 157
Питання
Which settings commonly change a print job's physical output?
Відповідь
Duplex, portrait or landscape orientation, paper tray and size, and quality. The application, driver, and device settings must agree.
Картка 158
Питання
Which controls protect a public or shared printer?
Відповідь
User authentication or badging, secure print release, appropriate permissions, and audit logs. They reduce abandoned sensitive output and trace approved use.
Картка 159
Питання
How does a direct thermal printer work and what maintenance does it need?
Відповідь
Heat darkens special thermal paper. Replace the paper correctly, clean the heating element and feed path, and remove debris.
Картка 160
Питання
Where can a network multifunction device send scans?
Відповідь
Common destinations are email, an SMB file share, or an approved cloud service. Configure credentials, permissions, addressing, and encryption for the destination.
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Питання
When should you use an ADF instead of a flatbed scanner?
Відповідь
Use the automatic document feeder for stacks of loose pages; use the flatbed for fragile, bound, thick, or single originals.
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Питання
What does printer calibration correct?
Відповідь
Placement, density, alignment, or color registration. Run the maker's procedure after relevant part or image-quality changes.
Картка 163
Питання
Why does an impact printer suit multipart forms?
Відповідь
Pins strike an inked ribbon and physically transfer the mark through layered paper. The mechanism is noisy but can mark multiple copies.
Картка 164
Питання
What does a laser-printer maintenance kit commonly refresh?
Відповідь
Wear parts such as rollers and the fuser, as defined for that model. Replace depleted toner, install the kit at its service interval, calibrate when output shifts, and clean only through approved paths.
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Питання
How do inkjet feed and printhead maintenance address different faults?
Відповідь
Roller and feeder service fixes paper movement; printhead cleaning or alignment fixes missing or misplaced ink. Use the symptom to choose the maintenance.
Картка 166
Питання
What is a virtual machine?
Відповідь
A software-defined computer with virtual CPU, memory, storage, and devices that runs a guest operating system on a host.
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Where does a Type 1 hypervisor run?
Відповідь
Directly on the host hardware. This bare-metal design is common in servers and virtualization platforms.
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Why use a VM as a sandbox or test environment?
Відповідь
It isolates a disposable environment from the main workload and makes repeatable testing easier. Isolation reduces risk but doesn't make untrusted code harmless.
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Which VM resources must be sized against real host capacity?
Відповідь
vCPU, memory, storage space, and I/O. Overcommitting them can make several guests compete for the same hardware.
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What does application virtualization do?
Відповідь
It packages, streams, or isolates an application from the base installation. It can simplify delivery or preserve some legacy applications without virtualizing a whole desktop.
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Питання
Where does a Type 2 hypervisor run?
Відповідь
As an application on a host operating system. It is convenient for desktop labs, testing, and occasional guests.
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Питання
Which security layers need attention on a virtualization host?
Відповідь
The host, hypervisor, management access, guest OSs, virtual networks, and images. Patch and isolate each layer according to its role.
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Питання
What must be planned for VM networking?
Відповідь
Addressing, virtual switch or NAT mode, segmentation, bandwidth, and access controls. A guest still needs a deliberate path to required services.
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Питання
What does VDI deliver?
Відповідь
Centrally hosted desktop sessions to remote clients. Compute and management stay in the data center or cloud rather than on each endpoint.
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Питання
What must be planned for VM storage?
Відповідь
Capacity, performance, snapshots, backup, and failure location. A snapshot on the same datastore isn't a complete backup.
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Питання
How does a container differ from a typical VM?
Відповідь
A container isolates an application while sharing the host kernel; a VM normally includes a full guest operating system.
Картка 177
Питання
How can virtualization support legacy or cross-platform workloads?
Відповідь
A compatible guest OS or virtualized application layer can preserve the required environment. CPU architecture, licenses, drivers, and hardware access still constrain compatibility.
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Питання
What does a container image provide?
Відповідь
A repeatable application filesystem and configuration used to start containers. Running containers add temporary writable state unless storage is attached.
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Питання
A virtualization option is unavailable. What should you verify?
Відповідь
Verify CPU and platform support, then enable the required virtualization feature in UEFI if policy allows. Also confirm that another hypervisor hasn't claimed it.
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Питання
What defines a public cloud?
Відповідь
It is offered for open use by the general public and operated by a cloud provider. Its resources may be shared or dedicated, depending on the service.
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What does IaaS provide?
Відповідь
Cloud compute, networking, and storage infrastructure. The customer usually manages the operating system, applications, identities, and data.
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What is cloud elasticity?
Відповідь
The ability to add or remove resources as demand changes, automatically or on request.
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What does metered cloud utilization measure?
Відповідь
Consumed resources such as compute time, storage, requests, or transferred data for reporting, limits, and billing.
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What defines a private cloud?
Відповідь
Cloud infrastructure reserved for one organization. It can run on-site or be hosted and operated by a provider.
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What does SaaS provide?
Відповідь
A complete provider-run application accessed as a service. The customer mainly manages users, settings, and data.
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How do shared and dedicated cloud resources differ?
Відповідь
Shared resources serve multiple customers with logical isolation; dedicated resources are reserved for one customer. Either can appear in a provider's public-cloud offering.
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What is high availability designed to reduce?
Відповідь
Service downtime from component or location failure through redundancy and failover.
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What is a hybrid cloud?
Відповідь
A coordinated use of private-cloud and public-cloud environments, with workloads or data placed where their requirements fit.
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What does PaaS provide?
Відповідь
A managed application platform and runtime. Developers deploy code while the provider manages more of the operating system and infrastructure.
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Питання
What do cloud ingress and egress mean?
Відповідь
Ingress is data entering the cloud service; egress is data leaving it. Providers often meter them differently, and egress can create a notable cost.
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What does cloud multitenancy mean?
Відповідь
Multiple customers use provider infrastructure while their workloads and data remain logically isolated.
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What is a community cloud?
Відповідь
Cloud infrastructure reserved for organizations with shared requirements, such as a sector or policy need, rather than for unrestricted public use.
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What does FaaS run?
Відповідь
Event-triggered functions without the customer managing servers directly. The provider manages the execution environment and scaling mechanics.
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Does using a cloud service remove the customer's security duties?
Відповідь
No. Responsibility is shared: the provider protects its service layers, while the customer still manages assigned areas such as identities, settings, applications, and data.
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Питання
What can happen when two offline devices edit the same cloud-synchronized file?
Відповідь
A synchronization conflict. Preserve both versions, let sync finish, compare the changes, and keep the intended content.
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Питання
A PC stops at POST with a beep or status-light pattern. What should you do next?
Відповідь
Look up the exact pattern in the system or motherboard service documentation, then test the indicated component.
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Питання
A desktop shows no lights or fan movement. Where should power diagnosis start?
Відповідь
At the outlet, power strip, cord, PSU input switch, and main internal power connections. Move from the source inward.
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Питання
A PC shows a proprietary crash screen. What evidence should you collect first?
Відповідь
Record the stop code and recent hardware changes, then check memory, storage, drivers, temperature, and logs indicated by that code.
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Питання
A PC powers on but the screen stays blank. What hardware checks come first?
Відповідь
Check display power and input, video cabling, GPU seating or power, and whether POST completes. Test one known-good display path at a time.
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Питання
A computer is sluggish under ordinary work. Which hardware conditions should you check?
Відповідь
Check temperature and throttling, RAM pressure, storage health and free space, CPU load, and background I/O before replacing parts.
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Питання
A PC becomes unstable as CPU temperature rises. What should you inspect?
Відповідь
Inspect fan operation, heat-sink mounting, thermal material, dust, filters, and case airflow. The CPU may throttle or shut down to protect itself.
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Питання
You smell burning from a powered computer. What is the immediate action?
Відповідь
Shut it down and disconnect power. Don't keep testing until the damaged power or board component has been safely identified.
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Питання
A PC shuts down randomly only during heavy GPU work. What should you test?
Відповідь
Test PSU capacity and condition, GPU power leads, temperature, and event logs. Peak load can expose weak power or cooling.
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Питання
Applications crash randomly after new RAM is installed. What should you do?
Відповідь
Verify compatibility and slot placement, reseat the modules, and run a memory diagnostic. Test modules separately if needed.
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Питання
A computer develops an unusual fan or grinding noise. What should you inspect?
Відповідь
Inspect fans, cables, pumps, drives, dust, and mounting points while the system is safely powered down when contact is possible.
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Питання
What should you do after finding a swollen motherboard capacitor?
Відповідь
Disconnect power and replace the failed board or arrange qualified component service. Don't keep operating a board with a visibly failing capacitor.
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Питання
A PC loses its date and time whenever it is unplugged. What is the likely cause?
Відповідь
A weak motherboard coin-cell battery. Replace it with the specified type and restore any lost firmware settings.
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Питання
Firmware reports less RAM than is installed. What is the first corrective step?
Відповідь
Power down, follow ESD precautions, and reseat the modules in the recommended slots. Then test compatibility, sticks, and slots methodically.
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Питання
A newly installed CPU isn't recognized even though it fits the socket. What should you verify?
Відповідь
Verify chipset and firmware support, CPU power, contact condition, seating, and cooling. Physical fit alone doesn't prove compatibility.
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Питання
How can you isolate a motherboard, CPU, RAM, or PSU no-POST fault?
Відповідь
Reduce the system to minimum required hardware, confirm known-good power, and add components back one at a time.
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Питання
A storage controller shows a warning LED or audible alarm. What should you do first?
Відповідь
Read the controller's exact status, preserve a current backup, and identify the affected drive or array before replacing anything.
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Питання
A hard drive clicks or grinds while reads fail. What should you prioritize?
Відповідь
Stop unnecessary activity, preserve recoverable data, and replace the drive. Repeated testing can worsen a mechanical failure.
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Питання
A PC reports no bootable device. Which checks come first?
Відповідь
Check firmware drive detection and boot order, then data and power connections. If the drive is detected, check its health before changing partitions.
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Питання
Files are corrupt or missing after storage errors. What should you do?
Відповідь
Stop writes, preserve the affected media, restore from a verified backup when appropriate, and diagnose the drive, controller, memory, and filesystem cause.
Картка 215
Питання
A controller reports an array missing. What should you avoid?
Відповідь
Don't initialize or recreate it blindly. Check controller configuration, cabling, power, member detection, and the documented recovery path first.
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Питання
A drive has unusually long read and write times. What should you inspect?
Відповідь
Inspect health data, errors, cable or link negotiation, free space, workload, temperature, and the storage interface.
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Питання
What should you do after a S.M.A.R.T. failure warning?
Відповідь
Back up important data immediately and plan drive replacement. A health warning isn't something to clear and ignore.
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Питання
Firmware sees a drive, but the operating system doesn't. What should you check?
Відповідь
Check OS storage management, drivers, bus support, partitions, and whether the disk is offline. Don't initialize a disk that may contain needed data.
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Питання
A RAID array is degraded after a member fails. What is the safe response?
Відповідь
Confirm the failed member, verify backup, replace it through the controller's procedure, and monitor the rebuild. Don't remove a healthy member by guesswork.
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What can cause low storage IOPS even when capacity is available?
Відповідь
A saturated or slow device, high queue depth, contention, thermal throttling, controller limits, or an unsuitable RAID layout.
Картка 221
Питання
A monitor reports no signal. What should you check first?
Відповідь
Check power, selected input, cable seating, adapter compatibility, and whether the computer is producing video.
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Питання
A projector is dim or shuts down intermittently. What should you inspect?
Відповідь
Inspect the bulb or light source, filters, vents, temperature, brightness settings, room light, and service-life indicators.
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Питання
Text looks fuzzy or the desktop doesn't fit the screen. Which settings should you verify?
Відповідь
Verify native resolution, scaling, aspect ratio, and any overscan setting. Then check cable and adapter quality.
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Питання
How do display burn-in and a dead pixel differ?
Відповідь
Burn-in is persistent image retention across an area; a dead or stuck pixel is a fixed point defect. Confirm each with varied full-screen test images.
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Питання
A display flashes or flickers at a new refresh rate. What should you check?
Відповідь
Check that the display, GPU, port, cable, resolution, and refresh rate combination is supported.
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Питання
A projected image is trapezoidal or distorted. What should you adjust?
Відповідь
Correct projector position, angle, focus, and aspect ratio first; use keystone correction only as needed.
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Питання
A monitor shows incorrect colors. How do you isolate the cause?
Відповідь
Check color settings and profiles, reseat or replace the cable, test another input or display, and inspect GPU output and drivers.
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Питання
Video works over HDMI or DisplayPort, but audio doesn't. What should you check?
Відповідь
Check the OS playback device, application output, display volume, cable capability, and whether the adapter carries audio.
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Питання
A laptop LCD shows a faint image only under a flashlight. Which area is likely failing?
Відповідь
The backlight or its power/driver path. The faint picture shows that image data still reaches the panel.
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Питання
A phone battery drains much faster than usual. What should you check first?
Відповідь
Check battery health and recent screen, app, radio, and location use. Confirm the usage change before replacing hardware.
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Питання
A phone has a broken screen but still receives notifications. What should guide the repair?
Відповідь
Back up accessible data, stop using sharp or exposed surfaces, and determine whether the glass, display, digitizer, or full assembly is replaceable.
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Питання
A phone won't charge and its port looks damaged. What is the safe first test?
Відповідь
Inspect without metal tools, then try a known-good compatible cable and charger. Use wireless charging only if the device supports it and the battery is safe.
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Питання
A phone has poor or no connectivity. What should you isolate?
Відповідь
Test Wi-Fi, cellular, and Bluetooth separately; check airplane mode, signal, account or SIM/eSIM state, and the specific network settings.
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Питання
A battery is pushing a mobile-device case apart. What should you do?
Відповідь
Power it down, stop charging it, and arrange approved battery service. Don't press the case closed.
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Питання
A mobile device gets wet. Why should you avoid powering or charging it?
Відповідь
Moisture can cause shorts and corrosion. Shut it down and follow the manufacturer's drying or service guidance.
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Touch input drifts or misses one area. What should you check?
Відповідь
Check screen cleanliness and protectors, test calibration if supported, compare apps, and inspect the digitizer connection or damage.
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Питання
A phone slows down and overheats during light use. What should you inspect?
Відповідь
Inspect battery health, storage pressure, updates, background apps, signal hunting, and possible malware. Stop use if heat is unsafe.
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Питання
A mobile device shows pop-ups and heavy data use after an untrusted install. What should you suspect?
Відповідь
Malware or a harmful app. Disconnect as needed, preserve required evidence, remove it through the approved mobile-security process, and update the device.
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Питання
A mobile device can't install a new application. What should you check?
Відповідь
Check free storage, OS and hardware compatibility, account or store access, network service, and MDM policy before bypassing any restriction.
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Питання
An active stylus doesn't work, but finger touch does. What should you check?
Відповідь
Check stylus compatibility, charge or battery, pairing, tip, app support, and the device's active-digitizer settings.
Картка 241
Питання
Users report slow network speeds. What should you measure before changing hardware?
Відповідь
Measure negotiated link rate, throughput, utilization, errors, signal, channel use, and server or ISP performance to locate the bottleneck.
Картка 242
Питання
Wi-Fi disconnects intermittently in one area. What should you inspect?
Відповідь
Inspect signal strength, roaming, interference, channel plan, access-point placement, client drivers, and power-saving behavior.
Картка 243
Питання
A client reports limited connectivity. Which layers should you check in order?
Відповідь
Check physical or wireless link, IP address and mask, gateway, DHCP, DNS, and upstream reachability.
Картка 244
Питання
A user repeatedly fails network authentication. What should you verify?
Відповідь
Verify the account and credentials, time, certificate, authentication method, network policy, and whether the user or device is authorized.
Картка 245
Питання
Which tools help locate high latency?
Відповідь
Ping compares delay and loss; traceroute shows the path by hops. Test several destinations to separate a local, provider, and destination issue.
Картка 246
Питання
What signs point to external wireless interference?
Відповідь
Signal quality or throughput drops despite adequate strength, often near a device or at certain times. A spectrum or Wi-Fi analyzer helps confirm it.
Картка 247
Питання
A switch port repeatedly changes between up and down. What should you isolate?
Відповідь
Isolate the patch cable, wall run, endpoint NIC, and switch port. Review port logs and test the cable for a port-flapping cause.
Картка 248
Питання
A wired PC has no link light. Where should troubleshooting start?
Відповідь
At the cable, connector, NIC, and switch port. Changing IP settings can't repair a missing physical link.
Картка 249
Питання
VoIP sounds choppy even though average bandwidth is adequate. Which network condition should you measure?
Відповідь
Jitter, along with latency and packet loss. QoS and congestion control may help after the impaired path is identified.
Картка 250
Питання
Internet access drops for every local client, then returns. Where should you look?
Відповідь
Check the shared WAN path: the router's WAN link, modem or ONT, provider service, power, and logs. Independent failures across every local client at once are unlikely.
Картка 251
Питання
A host can reach an internet IP but not a website name. What is the likely fault?
Відповідь
DNS resolution. Check the configured resolver and test a direct lookup.
Картка 252
Питання
A PC receives a 169.254.x.x address. What should you test next?
Відповідь
Test its link and the path to DHCP. The APIPA address shows that normal lease configuration failed.
Картка 253
Питання
Two hosts report an address conflict. What should you inspect?
Відповідь
Inspect static assignments, DHCP reservations, and the lease scope for a duplicate IP address.
Картка 254
Питання
A PC on a new switch port can't reach its department resources. What should you verify?
Відповідь
Verify the access VLAN, then its routing and policy. A good physical link on the wrong VLAN still provides the wrong network access.
Картка 255
Питання
A PoE camera has network pairs but no power. What should you check?
Відповідь
Check the injector or switch standard, port state, total power budget, cable quality, and camera power requirement.
Картка 256
Питання
Only one PC lacks network access while nearby systems work. What should you compare?
Відповідь
Compare its link, IP settings, DNS, authentication, proxy or VPN state, and local firewall with a working peer.
Картка 257
Питання
A printed page has a line in the same place every time. What should you inspect?
Відповідь
Inspect the cartridge, printhead, drum, scanner glass, and approved cleaning path for contamination or damage, based on printer type.
Картка 258
Питання
A printer produces garbled characters. What should you verify?
Відповідь
Verify the driver and print language, cable or network path, firmware, and source document. Cancel the bad job before retrying.
Картка 259
Питання
A printer reports a paper jam. What is the safe response?
Відповідь
Stop the job, follow the documented paper path, remove paper in the specified direction, and check for scraps or damaged rollers.
Картка 260
Питання
Several print jobs remain pending after the printer recovers. What should you do?
Відповідь
Cancel failed jobs as appropriate, verify printer status and connectivity, restart the print service if needed, then send one small test page.
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Картка 261
Питання
Printed pages are uniformly faded. What should you check?
Відповідь
Check toner or ink level, density or quality settings, cartridge condition, and the correct media setting.
Картка 262
Питання
A printer makes a grinding noise. What should you do?
Відповідь
Stop the job and inspect for jammed media, foreign objects, damaged gears, or a misseated cartridge or maintenance part.
Картка 263
Питання
Paper won't feed or several sheets feed together. Which parts should you inspect?
Відповідь
Inspect pickup rollers, the separation pad, feeder, paper condition, tray guides, and load limit.
Картка 264
Питання
A document prints in the wrong orientation. What should you check?
Відповідь
Check portrait or landscape settings in the application and driver, then confirm paper size and any device default.
Картка 265
Питання
What commonly causes speckles across printed pages?
Відповідь
Loose toner, ink contamination, a dirty print path, or a damaged cartridge or drum. Use the printer type and repeating pattern to narrow it.
Картка 266
Питання
A finisher won't staple or punch pages. What should you inspect?
Відповідь
Inspect the staple cartridge or jam, punch waste bin, finisher seating, supported paper, and driver job settings.
Картка 267
Питання
A printer doesn't recognize a loaded tray. What should you check?
Відповідь
Check tray seating, paper guides and size sensors, media settings, firmware, and driver configuration.
Картка 268
Питання
A network printer shows Ready but clients can't reach it. What should you test?
Відповідь
Test its link, IP configuration, address conflict, VLAN and routing path, print port, and firewall access.
Картка 269
Питання
A laser page shows a repeated faint image. Which area should you inspect?
Відповідь
Inspect the imaging drum and fuser for ghosting. The repeat distance can help the service guide identify the rotating part.
Картка 270
Питання
A print queue is frozen and won't process a test page. What should you do?
Відповідь
Clear the blocked job safely, restart the spooler or print service, verify disk and printer connectivity, then submit one small test.
Картка 271
Питання
Which desktop OS is the usual choice for broad business software and Active Directory integration?
Відповідь
Windows. It has the widest support for common business applications and native integration with Microsoft domain services.
Картка 272
Питання
When is a clean OS installation preferable to an in-place upgrade?
Відповідь
Choose a clean install when you need a fresh system or the existing installation is unreliable. It removes installed apps and settings, so back up user data first.
Картка 273
Питання
Which Windows command lists files and folders in the current directory?
Відповідь
dir. Usecdwhen you need to change the current directory.Картка 274
Питання
Which Windows tool gives a quick view of running processes, startup apps, users, services, and performance?
Відповідь
Task Manager. It is the first stop for a quick process or resource check.
Картка 275
Питання
What should you check before moving a user between desktop or mobile operating systems?
Відповідь
Check application, peripheral, file-format, and account compatibility first. A supported OS is still a bad fit if the user's required tools or data won't work on it.
Картка 276
Питання
How should you choose between a public and private Windows network profile?
Відповідь
Use Public on untrusted networks and Private only on trusted local networks. The profile changes discovery and firewall behavior.
Картка 277
Питання
Which Windows command shows the current IP configuration?
Відповідь
ipconfig. Add/allwhen you need details such as DHCP, DNS, gateway, and adapter addresses.Картка 278
Питання
What is the main benefit of deploying an OS image?
Відповідь
It applies a prepared, consistent system build to multiple devices. The image still needs compatible drivers, licensing, and post-deployment updates.
Картка 279
Питання
Which console should you open to investigate recorded application, security, or system errors?
Відповідь
Event Viewer. Filter by the relevant time, source, and event level instead of treating every warning as the cause.
Картка 280
Питання
Which Windows file system supports permissions, encryption, compression, and large local volumes?
Відповідь
NTFS. It is the standard Windows file system when you need access controls and other full desktop features.
Картка 281
Питання
Which Windows edition fits a basic home PC that does not need business management features?
Відповідь
Windows Home. It covers normal consumer use but lacks several business features found in Pro and Enterprise.
Картка 282
Питання
What do the common macOS application forms
.dmg,.pkg, and.apprepresent?Відповідь
A
.dmgis a mountable disk image, a.pkgruns an installer, and an.appis an application bundle. Remove software with its supported process, especially when it installed system components.Картка 283
Питання
Which boot approach lets a technician start an installer delivered by a deployment server?
Відповідь
Network boot, commonly PXE. The client firmware and network must support it, and the deployment service must be reachable.
Картка 284
Питання
Which command is the quickest basic test of IP reachability to another host?
Відповідь
ping. A failed ping is only a clue because the host or firewall may block echo traffic.Картка 285
Питання
Which Windows tool creates partitions, assigns drive letters, and initializes disks?
Відповідь
Disk Management. Confirm the disk and volume before making changes because some operations can destroy data.
Картка 286
Питання
What is safer than disabling Windows Firewall when one application is blocked?
Відповідь
Create the narrowest required application or port exception. Keep the firewall enabled and limit the rule to the needed profiles and traffic.
Картка 287
Питання
What should you compare before installing a demanding application?
Відповідь
Compare its OS, CPU, RAM, storage, graphics, VRAM, and peripheral requirements with the device. Check both minimum and practical workload needs.
Картка 288
Питання
Which Windows edition is the usual minimum for joining a business domain and hosting Remote Desktop?
Відповідь
Windows Pro. It also adds business features such as BitLocker management and Local Group Policy.
Картка 289
Питання
Which Windows command queries DNS records for a name?
Відповідь
nslookup. It helps distinguish name-resolution trouble from basic network reachability.Картка 290
Питання
Which macOS feature creates versioned backups for normal file and system recovery?
Відповідь
Time Machine. Confirm the backup destination is available and test that needed files can actually be restored.
Картка 291
Питання
What makes zero-touch deployment different from a normal remote installation?
Відповідь
Zero-touch deployment minimizes hands-on setup after the device starts. Policies, applications, and identity configuration are applied automatically.
Картка 292
Питання
When is exFAT usually a better removable-drive format than FAT32?
Відповідь
Use exFAT when the drive must move between modern operating systems and hold files larger than FAT32's 4 GB per-file limit.
Картка 293
Питання
Which values must be correct in a manual IPv4 client configuration?
Відповідь
The IP address, subnet mask, default gateway, and DNS server settings must fit the network. A wrong value can break local or internet access.
Картка 294
Питання
How do FileVault and Keychain serve different security jobs on macOS?
Відповідь
FileVault encrypts the startup disk; Keychain stores passwords, certificates, and keys. Neither replaces good account security or backups.
Картка 295
Питання
What should you verify before booting an installer from USB media?
Відповідь
Verify the media is trusted and bootable, then select the correct temporary boot device. Also confirm the firmware mode matches the planned partition style.
Картка 296
Питання
Which Windows console is best for checking a device's driver status or hardware error code?
Відповідь
Device Manager. It shows detected hardware, driver details, disabled devices, and device error codes.
Картка 297
Питання
When is Windows Enterprise a better fit than Pro?
Відповідь
Use Enterprise for centrally managed organizations that need its additional security, deployment, and control features. It is licensed for organizational use rather than a typical retail PC.
Картка 298
Питання
How does a domain differ from a workgroup for Windows client management?
Відповідь
A domain provides centralized identity and policy; a workgroup manages accounts separately on each PC. Shared resources must match the chosen model.
Картка 299
Питання
Which command shows active network connections and listening ports on Windows?
Відповідь
netstat. Use its documented options to include process IDs or numeric addresses when needed.Картка 300
Питання
Which Windows tool runs a program or script on a trigger or schedule?
Відповідь
Task Scheduler. Use it for defined triggers such as a time, startup, sign-in, or event.
Картка 301
Питання
What must be assigned before a user can legally use many cloud productivity apps?
Відповідь
The correct service license. Installation alone does not grant an account access to licensed features.
Картка 302
Питання
What do
/Applications,/Users,/Library, and/Systemhold on macOS?Відповідь
They hold installed apps, user home folders, shared support data, and protected system components, respectively. A user's own Library sits inside that user's home folder.
Картка 303
Питання
What path format directly identifies a Windows network share?
Відповідь
A UNC path such as
\\server\share. A mapped drive gives that share a drive letter for convenience.Картка 304
Питання
Why can a 32-bit-only dependency block an otherwise capable 64-bit system?
Відповідь
The application may rely on an unsupported 32-bit component or driver. Confirm the complete dependency chain, not just the CPU architecture.
Картка 305
Питання
Which file systems are common on Linux desktops and servers?
Відповідь
ext4 and XFS. Both are Linux-native choices; support for features and repair tools depends on the distribution and workload.
Картка 306
Питання
What workload is Windows Pro for Workstations aimed at?
Відповідь
High-end professional hardware and demanding workloads. It adds support intended for workstation-class processors, memory, and storage features.
Картка 307
Питання
Why synchronize identity between an organization and a cloud productivity service?
Відповідь
It keeps user accounts and access aligned with the organization's identity source. Provisioning and removal can then follow the user's lifecycle.
Картка 308
Питання
When should you try a repair installation or recovery environment?
Відповідь
Use it when the current OS is damaged but preserving the installation is still reasonable. Back up recoverable data before making larger changes.
Картка 309
Питання
Which Windows command traces the router hops toward a destination?
Відповідь
tracert. Usepathpingwhen you also need sampled latency and loss information across the route.Картка 310
Питання
Why should mobile apps come from the platform's trusted store or an approved enterprise source?
Відповідь
Trusted sources provide stronger publisher, signing, and review checks. Sideloading from an unknown source raises the risk of a malicious or altered app.
Картка 311
Питання
What is distinctive about a Windows N edition?
Відповідь
It omits certain built-in media technologies. An application that depends on those components may need Microsoft's media feature package.
Картка 312
Питання
Which partition style is the normal choice for a modern UEFI system?
Відповідь
GPT. It supports modern UEFI booting, large disks, and more partitions than legacy MBR.
Картка 313
Питання
What should you confirm when setting up a cloud storage sync folder?
Відповідь
Confirm the account, selected folders, local disk impact, sharing rules, and whether files remain available offline.
Картка 314
Питання
When does a dedicated GPU matter more than integrated graphics?
Відповідь
It matters when the application requires more graphics performance or dedicated VRAM than the integrated GPU can provide.
Картка 315
Питання
How do
chmodandchowndiffer on Linux?Відповідь
chmodchanges permission bits;chownchanges file ownership. Verify the target and use elevated rights only when required.Картка 316
Питання
Which command checks a Windows volume's file-system structure for errors?
Відповідь
chkdsk. Review its options before requesting repairs because a repair may need exclusive access or a restart.Картка 317
Питання
What is the difference between partitioning and formatting a drive?
Відповідь
Partitioning defines logical regions on the drive; formatting creates a file system inside a partition. Both can affect existing data, so confirm the target first.
Картка 318
Питання
What does a client VPN connection provide?
Відповідь
It creates an encrypted path to a remote private network. The user still needs valid authentication and authorization for its resources.
Картка 319
Питання
Which Linux package managers are common on Debian-based and Fedora-based systems?
Відповідь
aptis common on Debian and Ubuntu;dnfis common on Fedora and related systems. Use authorizedsudoelevation for administrative package changes instead of routine root login.Картка 320
Питання
When should you use Performance Monitor instead of only Task Manager?
Відповідь
Use Performance Monitor when you need counters collected over time. Task Manager is better for a quick live snapshot.
Картка 321
Питання
Which Windows command-line tool manages disks, partitions, and volumes?
Відповідь
diskpart. Select and verify the exact disk before any destructive command.Картка 322
Питання
Which firmware and security components are central to Windows 11 hardware eligibility?
Відповідь
UEFI with Secure Boot capability and a supported TPM 2.0 are central requirements. The processor, RAM, and storage must also meet Microsoft's current requirements.
Картка 323
Питання
What should you verify before a mobile OS upgrade?
Відповідь
Check device support, free storage, battery or power, network access, app compatibility, and a current backup.
Картка 324
Питання
Why mark a Windows connection as metered?
Відповідь
It tells Windows to limit some background transfers on a connection with a data cap or high cost. Updates and cloud sync may behave differently.
Картка 325
Питання
Which file system is designed for current Apple storage devices?
Відповідь
APFS. It is Apple's modern file system for macOS and other Apple platforms.
Картка 326
Питання
Which Linux commands distinguish free filesystem space from a directory's space use?
Відповідь
dfreports filesystem free space;duestimates space used by files and directories. Use both when tracking down a full disk.Картка 327
Питання
What belongs in an OS upgrade preflight check?
Відповідь
Back up user data and settings, then verify hardware, applications, drivers, storage, licensing, and the supported upgrade path.
Картка 328
Питання
Why should Windows show known file extensions during support work?
Відповідь
Visible extensions make file types easier to verify and help expose misleading names such as
invoice.pdf.exe.Картка 329
Питання
What is the safest source for an application installer?
Відповідь
Use the vendor's trusted store or official download channel. Verify the publisher, signature, or published hash when available.
Картка 330
Питання
Which Windows command is built for reliable folder copying with restart and mirror options?
Відповідь
robocopy. Treat mirror or purge options carefully because they can delete destination files that are absent from the source.Картка 331
Питання
Why should you verify the supported Windows edition upgrade path before starting?
Відповідь
Not every source edition can upgrade directly to every target edition. An unsupported path may require a clean install instead.
Картка 332
Питання
Which Windows tool helps isolate startup problems by controlling boot and service options?
Відповідь
System Configuration (
msconfig). Use selective startup for diagnosis, then restore the intended configuration after testing.Картка 333
Питання
What should a technician test before rolling out cloud videoconferencing?
Відповідь
Test supported devices, camera and microphone permissions, network capacity, sign-in, and any organization policy.
Картка 334
Питання
What does an operating system reaching end of life mean for support?
Відповідь
The vendor no longer provides normal support or security updates. Plan a supported upgrade or replacement instead of treating the old system as safe indefinitely.
Картка 335
Питання
Which Windows command checks protected system files and replaces damaged copies?
Відповідь
sfc /scannow. Run it from an elevated terminal and review the result before deciding the next repair step.Картка 336
Питання
What is the purpose of a Microsoft Management Console snap-in?
Відповідь
It adds a focused administrative tool to an MMC console. Event Viewer, Local Users and Groups, and Certificate Manager are common examples.
Картка 337
Питання
What is the purpose of a mobile configuration profile?
Відповідь
It applies managed settings such as accounts, certificates, restrictions, and security rules. Install profiles only from an authorized administrator or trusted provider.
Картка 338
Питання
What is ReFS mainly designed to improve on supported Windows systems?
Відповідь
Storage resilience and data integrity. ReFS is useful for supported data workloads, but it is not a universal replacement for an NTFS Windows boot volume.
Картка 339
Питання
Why pilot a business application before a broad rollout?
Відповідь
A pilot exposes device, network, workflow, licensing, and compatibility effects on a small group before they reach everyone.
Картка 340
Питання
Why check sharing permissions before moving a document into a collaboration workspace?
Відповідь
The move may change who can read or edit it. Confirm the intended audience, link settings, ownership, and version history.
Картка 341
Питання
Which physical control stops a vehicle from driving close to a protected entrance?
Відповідь
Bollards. They create a physical barrier while still allowing pedestrian access.
Картка 342
Питання
What is the main sign that a message may be phishing?
Відповідь
It tries to push you into revealing data, opening a file, or following a link under false pretenses. Verify the request through a known channel.
Картка 343
Питання
What protects workstation data if a powered-off drive is stolen?
Відповідь
Data-at-rest encryption, such as BitLocker or FileVault. Store recovery keys through an approved process.
Картка 344
Питання
What is the first step in a suspected malware case?
Відповідь
Investigate and verify the symptoms. Record what happened and rule out ordinary faults before declaring the system infected.
Картка 345
Питання
What is the purpose of an access control vestibule?
Відповідь
It allows one controlled door to close before the next opens. This reduces tailgating into a secure area.
Картка 346
Питання
How do spear phishing and whaling differ from broad phishing?
Відповідь
Spear phishing targets a specific person or group; whaling targets senior or high-value people. Both use tailored context to appear credible.
Картка 347
Питання
Which password properties matter most for normal user accounts?
Відповідь
Use long, unique passwords and store them in an approved password manager. Complexity and expiration rules should follow current organization policy.
Картка 348
Питання
Why is a normal format not enough before transferring a drive with sensitive data?
Відповідь
A standard format mainly rebuilds file-system structures and may leave recoverable data. Use an approved wipe, secure erase, encryption-key destruction, or physical destruction method.
Картка 349
Питання
What makes a Trojan different from a computer virus?
Відповідь
A Trojan pretends to be legitimate so the user installs or runs it. A virus attaches its code to a host file or boot area and replicates when that code runs.
Картка 350
Питання
Why combine a badge reader with a biometric check at a sensitive door?
Відповідь
The combination verifies something the person has and something they are. It is stronger than either factor alone.
Картка 351
Питання
What does a BIOS or UEFI password protect?
Відповідь
It limits unauthorized firmware changes or startup access. It does not encrypt files on the drive.
Картка 352
Питання
Which phishing names apply to voice calls, text messages, and malicious QR codes?
Відповідь
Vishing uses voice, smishing uses SMS or messaging, and QR phishing uses a code to hide the destination. Verify the request before acting.
Картка 353
Питання
What should you do once a malware infection is reasonably confirmed?
Відповідь
Quarantine the device from networks and shared storage. Preserve any evidence required by policy while limiting further spread.
Картка 354
Питання
Which malware hides deeply in a system to preserve privileged access?
Відповідь
A rootkit. Because it can conceal processes or changes, trusted offline scanning or reimaging may be required.
Картка 355
Питання
What simple action protects an unattended signed-in workstation?
Відповідь
Lock the screen. Use an automatic timeout as a backup, and log off when the session is no longer needed.
Картка 356
Питання
What do cameras, guards, alarms, lighting, and motion sensors contribute to physical security?
Відповідь
They deter, detect, record, or respond to unauthorized activity. They work best as layers rather than a single control.
Картка 357
Питання
What attack occurs when someone watches a user enter sensitive information?
Відповідь
Shoulder surfing. Privacy screens, careful positioning, and awareness reduce the risk.
Картка 358
Питання
How should you verify a browser download before running it?
Відповідь
Use a trusted source, confirm the publisher or signature, and compare a published hash when available. A matching hash proves integrity, not that the publisher is trustworthy.
Картка 359
Питання
What does a computer virus need in order to spread?
Відповідь
A virus attaches to a host file or boot area and spreads when that infected code runs. A boot-sector virus targets startup data.
Картка 360
Питання
When is a secure erase preferable to physical destruction?
Відповідь
Use a verified secure erase when the storage device will be reused and the method fits its media type. Validate the result before reassignment.
Картка 361
Питання
How does tailgating differ from impersonation?
Відповідь
Tailgating follows an authorized person into a restricted area; impersonation claims a false identity to gain trust or access.
Картка 362
Питання
What does the principle of least privilege require?
Відповідь
Give an account only the access needed for its current job, for only as long as needed. Review and remove unnecessary rights.
Картка 363
Питання
What does spoofing change to make a message, host, or caller look trusted?
Відповідь
It forges identifying information such as an address, name, number, or source. Verify identity through a separate trusted signal.
Картка 364
Питання
Which Wi-Fi security protocol is the preferred modern choice when all devices support it?
Відповідь
WPA3. Use its strongest supported mode and a strong credential or enterprise authentication.
Картка 365
Питання
How does a DDoS attack differ from a DoS attack?
Відповідь
A DDoS attack uses many distributed sources; a DoS attack may come from one source. Both aim to exhaust availability.
Картка 366
Питання
What assumption drives a Zero Trust access decision?
Відповідь
No user, device, or network location is trusted automatically. Verify identity, device state, context, and authorization for each access decision.
Картка 367
Питання
Which physical methods make a hard drive unusable?
Відповідь
Approved shredding or drilling can destroy the platters and mechanism. Follow safety, environmental, and evidence-handling rules.
Картка 368
Питання
How do account lockout and account expiration solve different problems?
Відповідь
Lockout slows repeated failed sign-ins; expiration ends access after a defined date. Set both according to business policy.
Картка 369
Питання
Which malware categories secretly monitor a user's activity?
Відповідь
Spyware collects activity or data; a keylogger records input; stalkerware is used for covert surveillance of a person.
Картка 370
Питання
What wireless threat presents a convincing fake access point?
Відповідь
An evil twin. Users may connect to it because its network name resembles a trusted one.
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Питання
What are the first security changes on a new SOHO router?
Відповідь
Change default administrator credentials, update firmware, and save a known-good configuration. Use a unique management password.
Картка 372
Питання
What should you do when a browser reports an invalid certificate on a sensitive site?
Відповідь
Stop and verify the address, system time, and certificate details. Do not bypass the warning for sign-in or payment data.
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Питання
What does an access control list decide?
Відповідь
An ACL states which identities or traffic are allowed or denied on a resource. Keep entries specific and review inherited rules.
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Питання
Which malware blocks access to data and demands payment?
Відповідь
Ransomware. Isolate the device quickly and recover from known-good backups rather than assuming payment will restore data.
Картка 375
Питання
How should router management access be exposed?
Відповідь
Allow it only from trusted interfaces and secure protocols, ideally from the local network. Place the router where unauthorized people cannot reset or replace it.
Картка 376
Питання
How should Windows restore points be handled during an approved malware-removal workflow?
Відповідь
Temporarily disable System Restore when the procedure calls for it, then re-enable it and create a clean restore point after remediation.
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Питання
Which built-in accounts or credentials should be changed or disabled during setup?
Відповідь
Disable the guest account when unused and replace default administrator names or passwords where policy requires it. Never leave vendor defaults active.
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Питання
What happens in an on-path attack?
Відповідь
The attacker positions themselves between communicating parties to observe or alter traffic. Strong certificate validation and encryption help prevent it.
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Питання
How do browser patches and extension controls work together?
Відповідь
Patches fix browser flaws; extension controls reduce code from untrusted add-ons. Keep only approved, necessary extensions.
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Питання
How should a guest wireless network be separated from trusted devices?
Відповідь
Use a separate guest network with strong encryption and client isolation. Do not grant it access to internal files or management interfaces.
Картка 381
Питання
Why disable AutoRun and unused services?
Відповідь
They remove automatic execution paths and unnecessary attack surface. Confirm a service is not required before disabling it.
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Питання
Which storage media can degaussing sanitize?
Відповідь
Magnetic media such as compatible hard drives and tapes, but only with an approved degausser rated for that exact medium. Flash storage such as SSDs cannot be sanitized this way. A drive becoming unusable does not prove its data was sanitized; follow and validate the approved procedure.
Картка 383
Питання
Why update anti-malware tools before the main removal scan?
Відповідь
Current definitions and engines can recognize newer threats. Scan in a safer environment, such as Safe Mode or approved recovery media, when appropriate.
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Питання
What makes authentication multifactor?
Відповідь
It uses factors from at least two different categories, such as a password plus a hardware token or biometric. Two passwords are still one factor type.
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Питання
Which encryption choice is appropriate for a WPA2 network?
Відповідь
AES-based CCMP. Avoid selecting older TKIP just to keep obsolete clients connected.
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Питання
What is the basic endpoint patching sequence?
Відповідь
Inventory supported systems, deploy tested OS and application updates, verify success, and remediate failures. Endpoint security definitions need updates too.
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Питання
Why should daily work use a standard account instead of an administrator account?
Відповідь
A standard account limits what mistakes or malware can change. Elevate only the specific approved task through UAC or Run as administrator.
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Питання
When is reimaging safer than continuing to clean an infected PC?
Відповідь
Reimage when trust cannot be restored, the malware is deeply embedded, or policy requires a known-good build. Restore only verified clean data.
Картка 389
Питання
Why is TKIP a poor choice for a new wireless network?
Відповідь
TKIP is a legacy protocol with known security limits. Replace incompatible clients and use WPA2-AES or WPA3.
Картка 390
Питання
When is incineration an acceptable data-destruction method?
Відповідь
Only through an authorized facility that can handle the material safely and meet legal and environmental requirements.
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Питання
What does private browsing protect on a shared computer?
Відповідь
It reduces local history and cookie retention after the session. It does not hide activity from the network or service, so sign out and clear sensitive data as policy requires.
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Питання
How does a dictionary attack differ from a general brute-force attack?
Відповідь
A dictionary attack tries likely words and known password patterns; brute force systematically tries possibilities. Long, unique passwords and rate limits make both harder.
Картка 393
Питання
How do SSO and SAML commonly work together?
Відповідь
SSO lets one sign-in reach multiple services; SAML can carry trusted authentication claims between an identity provider and a service.
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Питання
Why disable UPnP and unused inbound ports when they are not required?
Відповідь
They can create unnecessary paths into the network. Open only the specific service and source access the business needs.
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Питання
What symptom often points to an unauthorized cryptominer?
Відповідь
Unexplained sustained CPU or GPU use, heat, fan noise, or power consumption. Confirm the process before removal.
Картка 396
Питання
What should an outsourced destruction vendor provide?
Відповідь
A traceable certificate of destruction or recycling tied to the assets. Confirm the vendor and chain of custody before release.
Картка 397
Питання
When is just-in-time privileged access safer than a standing admin account?
Відповідь
It grants elevated rights only for an approved task and limited time. Privileged access management can control and record that elevation.
Картка 398
Питання
What follow-up checks belong after malware removal?
Відповідь
Run updated scans, patch the system, schedule ongoing scans and updates, and verify normal behavior before reconnecting fully.
Картка 399
Питання
Which input flaws commonly enable SQL injection and cross-site scripting?
Відповідь
SQL injection reaches a database through unsafe query input; XSS injects script into content a browser renders. Use parameterized queries for SQL and context-aware output encoding for browser content.
Картка 400
Питання
Which mobile controls help after a managed phone is lost?
Відповідь
A locator, remote lock or wipe, device encryption, and a current remote backup. Test enrollment before the device disappears.
Картка 401
Питання
Which control is designed to detect or block sensitive data from leaving approved boundaries?
Відповідь
Data loss prevention, or DLP. It applies rules to data in use, in motion, or at rest according to policy.
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Питання
When is port forwarding appropriate on a small network?
Відповідь
Use it only for an approved service that must receive inbound traffic. Prefer a screened subnet or other isolation for exposed systems, and document the narrow rule.
Картка 403
Питання
Why can fileless malware be hard to detect?
Відповідь
It relies heavily on memory and legitimate system tools instead of leaving a normal executable on disk. Behavior monitoring is especially useful.
Картка 404
Питання
Why are unpatched, end-of-life, or unmanaged BYOD systems a security risk?
Відповідь
They may lack current fixes, controls, or visibility. Enforce support and access policy instead of assuming a connected device is safe.
Картка 405
Питання
What must guide disposal of batteries, storage devices, and electronics?
Відповідь
Applicable data-retention, privacy, environmental, and recycling rules. Record asset disposition according to policy.
Картка 406
Питання
What should an email security gateway do before a message reaches the user?
Відповідь
Filter suspicious senders, links, attachments, and spoofing signals. Users should still verify unusual requests through a known channel.
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Питання
Which service commonly provides centralized authentication for enterprise Wi-Fi?
Відповідь
RADIUS. It validates users or devices against a central identity source; TACACS+ is more commonly associated with network-device administration.
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Питання
How does MDM reduce risk on BYOD and corporate-owned mobile devices?
Відповідь
MDM applies profiles, screen-lock rules, updates, app controls, and remote actions. The policy should clearly separate company requirements from personal privacy.
Картка 409
Питання
How does a potentially unwanted program differ from clearly malicious malware?
Відповідь
A PUP may be installed with nominal consent but still adds unwanted behavior, such as aggressive ads or browser changes. Remove it through approved tools and review bundled installers.
Картка 410
Питання
What should the technician explain to the user after a malware incident?
Відповідь
Explain the likely entry point and practical prevention steps, such as safer links, trusted downloads, updates, and prompt reporting.
Картка 411
Питання
What is the first useful action after a Windows blue-screen crash?
Відповідь
Record the stop code and recent changes, then check relevant logs and dumps. Do not replace hardware from the blue screen alone.
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Питання
What should you try first when one mobile app will not launch?
Відповідь
Force-close the app, reopen it, and check for an update. If the problem persists, restart the device and verify the app still supports the OS.
Картка 413
Питання
What should you do after finding an unapproved app already installed on a managed phone?
Відповідь
Document it and follow policy to block or remove it through the approved mobile-management process. Do not open it for testing; if compromise is plausible, contain the phone and escalate before wiping evidence.
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Питання
What should you do if a possibly infected PC suddenly cannot reach the network?
Відповідь
Check ordinary link and IP status, but keep the PC isolated if compromise is plausible. Do not weaken the firewall just to restore access.
Картка 415
Питання
Where should you start when Windows feels broadly slow?
Відповідь
Check Task Manager for CPU, memory, disk, and startup pressure. Correlate the bottleneck with recent apps, updates, storage, and temperature.
Картка 416
Питання
How should you handle a mobile app that repeatedly crashes while in use?
Відповідь
Reproduce the trigger, free needed resources, update the app and OS, and clear supported app cache or reinstall after protecting its data.
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Питання
Why should developer mode be disabled on a normal user's mobile device?
Відповідь
It can expose debugging, installation, or control paths that normal operation does not need. Enable it only for an authorized task and turn it off afterward.
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Питання
What do unfamiliar security alerts on the Windows desktop require?
Відповідь
Verify which installed product or process created them. Capture the message and avoid clicking it until its source is trusted.
Картка 419
Питання
What should you try when Windows reaches recovery but not the normal desktop?
Відповідь
Use Startup Repair or Safe Mode to isolate the boot problem. Back up accessible data before risky repair steps.
Картка 420
Питання
What commonly blocks a mobile app update?
Відповідь
Low storage, poor connectivity, account or store issues, device policy, or OS incompatibility. Read the exact store error before changing settings.
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Питання
What security boundary changes when a phone is rooted or jailbroken?
Відповідь
Platform protections and app isolation may be bypassed. Treat the device as noncompliant and restore it through an approved process.
Картка 422
Питання
How can you recognize a fake antivirus warning?
Відповідь
It often uses urgent claims, an unfamiliar brand, or a demand to click, call, or pay. Open the approved security tool directly instead of using the alert.
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Питання
What does a firmware message saying no operating system was found suggest checking first?
Відповідь
Check whether the system drive is detected and first in the intended boot order. Then inspect its connection, partition, and boot data.
Картка 424
Питання
What should you verify when a mobile app will not install?
Відповідь
Verify the source, device and OS compatibility, free storage, account licensing, and management policy.
Картка 425
Питання
What clues suggest a mobile app is spoofing a legitimate one?
Відповідь
A mismatched publisher, unusual icon or name, excessive permissions, unexpected sign-in, or an unofficial source. Verify the real listing before entering credentials.
Картка 426
Питання
What can unexplained renamed or missing personal files indicate?
Відповідь
Malware, ransomware, account misuse, sync trouble, or storage failure are possible. Isolate the scope and preserve evidence before recovery attempts.
Картка 427
Питання
What evidence helps separate thermal shutdowns from power failures?
Відповідь
Review temperatures, fan operation, vents, power events, and whether the failure follows load. Test one likely cause at a time.
Картка 428
Питання
Where should you start with a generally slow phone or tablet?
Відповідь
Check free storage, active downloads, background apps, battery condition, and pending updates. Restart before considering a reset.
Картка 429
Питання
What should unexplained high mobile network traffic make you inspect?
Відповідь
Inspect per-app data use, recent installations, cloud sync, hotspots, and management alerts. Isolate the device if malicious traffic is plausible.
Картка 430
Питання
What does sudden inability to open many files suggest checking?
Відповідь
Check extensions, ransom notes, permissions, storage health, and backup status. Widespread encryption may indicate ransomware.
Картка 431
Питання
What should you inspect when a Windows service will not start?
Відповідь
Check its startup type, dependencies, logon account, permissions, and Event Viewer message. Fix the recorded cause rather than repeatedly forcing a start.
Картка 432
Питання
A mobile OS update downloads but fails verification or installation. What should you try before resetting the device?
Відповідь
Record the exact error and check free storage first. Then use the OS vendor's supported controls to remove the incomplete update and download a fresh copy with reliable power and a stable network connection; use recovery only if the normal updater still fails.
Картка 433
Питання
How can security trouble cause degraded mobile response time?
Відповідь
A malicious or unwanted app may consume CPU, storage, or network resources. Compare resource use with recent apps before removing anything.
Картка 434
Питання
Where should you investigate unwanted Windows notifications?
Відповідь
Check notification settings, browser site permissions, startup apps, and recently installed software. Remove the source rather than only muting the symptom.
Картка 435
Питання
How should you isolate an application that keeps crashing?
Відповідь
Confirm the scope, reproduce it, check logs, update the app, and test its plug-ins or profile. Reinstall only after preserving needed settings and data.
Картка 436
Питання
How do you find the likely cause of sudden mobile battery drain?
Відповідь
Review battery usage by app and system feature, then compare with recent updates, signal conditions, screen use, and battery health.
Картка 437
Питання
What should you check after an unexpected mobile data-limit notification?
Відповідь
Review per-app usage and the billing period, then inspect background sync, hotspot use, updates, and unknown apps.
Картка 438
Питання
Why can repeated OS update failures be a security clue?
Відповідь
Malware may block updates, though storage, network, or service faults are also common. Investigate the exact error and other symptoms before deciding.
Картка 439
Питання
What should a low-memory warning lead you to inspect?
Відповідь
Inspect memory pressure, runaway processes, page-file health, and workload requirements. Closing one app may help briefly but does not explain repeated warnings.
Картка 440
Питання
What is a useful first isolation step for random mobile reboots?
Відповідь
Remove or disable the most recent app or configuration change, update the OS, and check storage and temperature. Back up before a reset.
Картка 441
Питання
What security setting can cause limited mobile internet access even with a good signal?
Відповідь
A bad VPN, proxy, DNS, content-filtering, or management profile can restrict traffic. Compare the configuration with approved policy.
Картка 442
Питання
What is a useful first check for random browser pop-ups?
Відповідь
Inspect site-notification permissions, extensions, startup pages, and recently installed software. Do not click inside the pop-up.
Картка 443
Питання
What is a sensible first response to a USB controller resource warning?
Відповідь
Disconnect nonessential USB devices, remove unpowered hubs, and check Device Manager. Then update the controller or chipset driver if the evidence supports it.
Картка 444
Питання
What is the normal first fix for a Bluetooth pairing problem?
Відповідь
Confirm both devices are discoverable and compatible, then forget the old pairing and pair again. Check distance, battery, and interference.
Картка 445
Питання
What should you do if normal connectivity checks pass but a phone still has no internet after a suspicious app install?
Відповідь
Isolate the phone, remove or quarantine the suspicious app through the approved process, and inspect VPN, proxy, DNS, and profile changes.
Картка 446
Питання
When does a browser certificate warning point to more than a bad website?
Відповідь
Warnings across several known-good sites can indicate wrong system time, interception, a proxy, or a trust-store problem. Compare on a trusted network and device.
Картка 447
Питання
What should you do when instability begins right after a driver update?
Відповідь
Roll back or replace that driver with a known-good supported version. Confirm stability before changing another component.
Картка 448
Питання
What should you check when one phone cannot join a known Wi-Fi network?
Відповідь
Confirm the network and password, toggle Wi-Fi, forget and rejoin the network, then compare with another device before resetting network settings.
Картка 449
Питання
What commonly causes a sudden flood of ads across a mobile device?
Відповідь
Adware or a PUP is likely, especially after a recent install. Identify the responsible app instead of tapping the ads.
Картка 450
Питання
What settings should you inspect when browser searches redirect unexpectedly?
Відповідь
Inspect the default search provider, home page, extensions, proxy, DNS, and hosts file. Record unauthorized changes before correcting them.
Картка 451
Питання
How can you test whether a slow Windows sign-in is tied to one user profile?
Відповідь
Sign in with a known-good local profile and compare. Then inspect profile corruption, startup items, scripts, and redirected resources.
Картка 452
Питання
What should you check when NFC works only intermittently?
Відповідь
Confirm NFC is enabled, unlock the device if required, align the NFC areas closely, and remove a case that may block the signal.
Картка 453
Питання
How should you respond to a mobile pop-up claiming the device is infected?
Відповідь
Treat it as a likely fake security warning. Do not tap its button; close the source, inspect recent apps or browser data, and scan with approved tools.
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Питання
What should you compare when mobile data fails but Wi-Fi works?
Відповідь
Check airplane mode, cellular enablement, signal, data limits, SIM or eSIM state, carrier settings, and any provider outage.
Картка 455
Питання
What is the priority when personal files appear to have leaked from a mobile device?
Відповідь
Contain the device and affected accounts, preserve relevant evidence, and follow the incident process. Revoke exposed sessions or credentials from a trusted device.
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Питання
Why might a mobile screen refuse to rotate?
Відповідь
Rotation lock may be enabled, the app may not support that orientation, or a motion sensor may be stuck. Check the setting before hardware diagnosis.
Картка 457
Питання
What can unexpected mobile actions, permission prompts, or settings changes indicate?
Відповідь
An unauthorized or compromised app may be acting on the device. Review recent installs, permissions, profiles, and account activity.
Картка 458
Питання
What makes a browser extension suspicious?
Відповідь
An unknown publisher, broad permissions, forced installation, hidden controls, or behavior unrelated to its stated job. Remove it through policy and inspect related changes.
Картка 459
Питання
What should you verify when a Windows update repeatedly fails?
Відповідь
Check free space, restart state, network access, update history, and the specific error. Apply the vendor's targeted repair steps for that code.
Картка 460
Питання
When should you reset a mobile device during troubleshooting?
Відповідь
Reset only after narrower fixes fail and a current backup exists. Confirm account credentials and management enrollment needed for recovery.
Картка 461
Питання
What causes system time to drift repeatedly after shutdown?
Відповідь
A failing CMOS battery is one possibility; a bad time source or synchronization setting is another. Check when the drift occurs before replacing anything.
Картка 462
Питання
What PC settings can malware alter to reroute traffic?
Відповідь
Proxy, DNS, browser, and hosts-file settings are common targets. Compare them with the approved network configuration.
Картка 463
Питання
How can a clean boot help with a Windows startup problem?
Відповідь
It starts Windows with a reduced set of nonessential services and startup items. Re-enable items in groups to identify the conflict.
Картка 464
Питання
How should you troubleshoot a browser that has become much slower than the rest of the PC?
Відповідь
Test without unneeded extensions, clear only appropriate cache data, check browser tasks, and compare a clean profile. Scan if the behavior is suspicious.
Картка 465
Питання
What is the safest next step when several mobile security symptoms appear together?
Відповідь
Disconnect or contain the device, document the symptoms, and escalate through the approved security process. Avoid wiping evidence unless the response plan authorizes it.
Картка 466
Питання
Which details belong at the start of a support ticket?
Відповідь
Record the user, device, contact method, affected service, and a clear issue description. Add the time and business impact when relevant.
Картка 467
Питання
When is
sfc /scannowa useful Windows repair step?Відповідь
Use it when protected system files may be damaged. Run it elevated and follow the result instead of assuming it fixes every boot or application fault.
Картка 468
Питання
What should you do before running a repair that may change a failing Windows disk?
Відповідь
Protect recoverable data first, then check drive health and file-system evidence. A repair tool is not a substitute for replacing failing storage.
Картка 469
Питання
What is the right overall response to convincing PC security symptoms?
Відповідь
Contain the system, document evidence, follow the malware or incident procedure, and restore trust with approved tools or a known-good image.
Картка 470
Питання
What does a full backup contain?
Відповідь
A full backup copies all selected data in that backup set. It is simple to restore but usually takes the most time and space to create.
Картка 471
Питання
Where should a technician look for handling and disposal guidance for a chemical product?
Відповідь
Use its current Safety Data Sheet and local policy. Follow the listed protective, spill, storage, and disposal instructions.
Картка 472
Питання
What should a change request state before technical planning begins?
Відповідь
State the purpose, scope, change type, affected systems, owner, and desired date. A clear request makes impact and approval review possible.
Картка 473
Питання
What does active listening look like in a support conversation?
Відповідь
Let the customer finish, ask focused questions, and restate the problem to confirm understanding. Avoid interrupting or jumping to a diagnosis.
Картка 474
Питання
What does chain of custody record during an incident?
Відповідь
It records who collected, handled, transferred, stored, and accessed evidence, with dates and purpose. This supports integrity and accountability.
Картка 475
Питання
What makes a ticket issue description useful to another technician?
Відповідь
It states expected and actual behavior, exact symptoms, scope, timing, and reproducible steps without guesses presented as facts.
Картка 476
Питання
What does an incremental backup copy?
Відповідь
It copies data changed since the most recent backup of any type. Backup runs are small, but recovery may need the last full plus every later incremental.
Картка 477
Питання
How should a technician respond to an angry customer?
Відповідь
Stay calm, acknowledge the impact, clarify the facts, and explain realistic next steps. Do not argue, blame, or dismiss the concern.
Картка 478
Питання
Why does order of volatility matter when collecting incident evidence?
Відповідь
More temporary data can disappear first. Follow the response plan to capture volatile information before less volatile storage when authorized.
Картка 479
Питання
Which script type is native to traditional Windows batch command processing?
Відповідь
A
.batfile. VBScript uses.vbsfor older Windows automation; review either script before running it with elevated rights.Картка 480
Питання
How do ventilation and dust control affect equipment reliability?
Відповідь
Clear airflow removes heat; controlled dust cleanup prevents blocked vents and conductive buildup. Use equipment-safe compressed air or vacuums.
Картка 481
Питання
How should severity and escalation be recorded?
Відповідь
Tie severity to impact and urgency, then use the defined escalation level. Do not inflate it just to move the ticket faster.
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Питання
Why create a forensic copy instead of investigating the original drive directly?
Відповідь
A verified copy preserves the original evidence and lets analysis proceed with less risk of alteration. Follow authorization and incident policy.
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Питання
When is RDP a suitable remote-access choice?
Відповідь
Use RDP for an authorized Windows desktop session over a protected path. Limit exposed services, require strong authentication, and follow session policy.
Картка 484
Питання
How should an ESD strap be used during internal PC work?
Відповідь
Attach it to an approved ground point while working on powered-down equipment. Pair it with an ESD-safe work surface when available.
Картка 485
Питання
What protection does a UPS add beyond a surge suppressor?
Відповідь
A UPS provides temporary battery power and usually power conditioning, giving equipment time to ride through a brief outage or shut down safely.
Картка 486
Питання
What should progress and resolution notes contain?
Відповідь
Record tests, results, changes, timestamps, and the confirmed outcome. Another technician should be able to continue without repeating work.
Картка 487
Питання
Which data categories usually require stricter handling and retention rules?
Відповідь
Payment data, government identifiers, personally identifiable information, and healthcare data. Apply the relevant law, contract, and business policy.
Картка 488
Питання
Which support tasks can AI assist without making the final decision?
Відповідь
AI can help summarize tickets, draft user instructions, search approved knowledge, or suggest diagnostic paths. A technician must verify the result.
Картка 489
Питання
What is the first electrical-safety step before repairing a PC?
Відповідь
Shut it down and disconnect power. Follow the device's service procedure because some components can retain hazardous energy.
Картка 490
Питання
How do SSH and VNC differ for remote support?
Відповідь
SSH provides an encrypted command-line session; VNC shares a graphical desktop and needs its own secure transport and authentication configuration.
Картка 491
Питання
How should a technician set expectations for a repair?
Відповідь
Give a realistic timeline, explain options and dependencies, and send status updates when the estimate changes.
Картка 492
Питання
Which script type gives Windows administrators structured access to system management?
Відповідь
A PowerShell
.ps1script. Execution policy is not a malware boundary, so verify the source, signature, and contents.Картка 493
Питання
What does a differential backup copy?
Відповідь
It copies data changed since the last full backup. Recovery normally needs the last full and the latest differential.
Картка 494
Питання
Why do change plans need both a backup plan and a rollback plan?
Відповідь
The backup protects data; the rollback returns the service to its prior state if the change fails. Define triggers and responsible staff before implementation.
Картка 495
Питання
How should loose components be handled and stored?
Відповідь
Hold boards by the edges, avoid contacts, and place them in antistatic packaging on an ESD-safe surface.
Картка 496
Питання
Why monitor both temperature and humidity in an equipment room?
Відповідь
Excess heat shortens component life; very low humidity raises static risk, while high humidity can cause condensation or corrosion.
Картка 497
Питання
What is a synthetic full backup?
Відповідь
It combines a previous full backup with later backup data to create a new full on the backup system. The source does not need to resend every file.
Картка 498
Питання
How do an asset tag and a CMDB serve different support needs?
Відповідь
The asset tag identifies the physical item; the CMDB records its configuration and relationships. Keep assignment, warranty, and licensing data current.
Картка 499
Питання
What should a technician verify before installing licensed software?
Відповідь
Verify a valid license, permitted user or device scope, and any EULA or DRM limits. Personal, corporate, perpetual, and open-source licenses grant different rights.
Картка 500
Питання
Which script type is commonly used for shell automation on Linux and macOS?
Відповідь
A
.shshell script. Its interpreter, permissions, quoting, and environment determine how it runs.Картка 501
Питання
How do GFS rotation and the 3-2-1 backup rule differ?
Відповідь
GFS rotates daily, weekly, and monthly backup generations. The 3-2-1 rule keeps three copies on two different media/storage types, with one copy offsite. GFS organizes retention over time; 3-2-1 spreads copies across storage locations and failure modes.
Картка 502
Питання
Which personal protective steps matter for lifting or dusty repair work?
Відповідь
Use safe lifting technique and get help for heavy equipment; wear approved eye or breathing protection when the task creates those hazards.
Картка 503
Питання
What does a VPN add to a remote-management session?
Відповідь
It creates an encrypted network path to private resources. The remote tool still needs secure configuration, authentication, and least-privilege access.
Картка 504
Питання
What policy questions should come before using AI at work?
Відповідь
Check approved tools, allowed data, required disclosure, ownership rules, and whether the task permits AI assistance. Do not assume a public tool is approved.
Картка 505
Питання
Why should a technician avoid jargon when speaking with a customer?
Відповідь
Plain language helps the customer understand choices and give informed answers. Use a technical term only when it adds clarity, then explain it.
Картка 506
Питання
What is the value of sandbox testing and peer review before a change?
Відповідь
They expose technical mistakes and unexpected impact away from production. Record results and remaining risk.
Картка 507
Питання
What are practical entry-level uses for scripts in support work?
Відповідь
Scripts can collect information, remap drives, install approved apps, start updates, restart systems, or run backups consistently. Python
.pyand JavaScript.jsfiles are common choices when the environment supports them.Картка 508
Питання
What is the benefit and main risk of an RMM platform?
Відповідь
RMM can monitor and manage many endpoints centrally; compromise or misuse can reach many endpoints too. Protect the console with strong access controls, logging, and updates.
Картка 509
Питання
How should a technician handle a confident AI answer?
Відповідь
Verify it against trusted evidence. AI can hallucinate, carry bias, miss context, or present outdated information fluently.
Картка 510
Питання
How do surges, brownouts, and blackouts differ?
Відповідь
A surge is excess voltage, a brownout is reduced voltage, and a blackout is a loss of power. Match surge protection and UPS capacity to the equipment.
Картка 511
Питання
What must you review before running an unfamiliar support script?
Відповідь
Review its source, inputs, privileges, target systems, resource use, network actions, error handling, and rollback. A script can spread malware or change many systems quickly.
Картка 512
Питання
How do an NDA and an acceptable use policy serve different purposes?
Відповідь
An NDA restricts disclosure of protected information; an AUP defines permitted use of systems and data. Follow both along with incident and compliance rules.
Картка 513
Питання
When should a normal change wait even if the technical work is ready?
Відповідь
Wait for required approval and an allowed maintenance window. Respect change freezes unless the approved emergency process applies.
Картка 514
Питання
Which support document should guide a repeatable task with an agreed method?
Відповідь
Use the relevant SOP or checklist. Consult the SLA for service commitments and the knowledge base for reusable diagnosis or resolution guidance.
Картка 515
Питання
What should a technician do if arriving late is unavoidable?
Відповідь
Contact the customer promptly, give an honest revised time, and keep the new commitment. Document service provided and follow up as promised.
Картка 516
Питання
What safety problems does good cable management prevent?
Відповідь
It reduces trip hazards, blocked airflow, connector strain, and accidental disconnection. Keep cables clear of heat and emergency access.
Картка 517
Питання
How do you know a backup is usable?
Відповідь
Test restores on a defined schedule. Verify data integrity and practice both overwrite recovery and recovery to an alternative location.
Картка 518
Питання
What closes a well-managed change?
Відповідь
Verify the implementation, obtain required user acceptance, update documentation, and review the outcome. Trigger rollback if the defined failure criteria occur.
Картка 519
Питання
How should a technician handle private material visible on a customer's device?
Відповідь
View only what the task requires, avoid copying or discussing it, and follow privacy policy. Maintain professional appearance and conduct in the customer's environment.
Картка 520
Питання
What data boundary applies when prompting a public AI service?
Відповідь
Never send credentials or secrets to a public AI service. Keep private customer data, regulated data, proprietary code, and incident evidence out as well. An approved enterprise AI service is a separate case: use it only under the organization's data policy and contractual controls, and still never paste credentials or secrets.
520 карток
CompTIA A+ 220-1201 & 220-1202 Flashcards: Core 1 and Core 2
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